CN110901068B - Coaxial shower nozzle of 3D printer and have its 3D printer - Google Patents

Coaxial shower nozzle of 3D printer and have its 3D printer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110901068B
CN110901068B CN201911100866.9A CN201911100866A CN110901068B CN 110901068 B CN110901068 B CN 110901068B CN 201911100866 A CN201911100866 A CN 201911100866A CN 110901068 B CN110901068 B CN 110901068B
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Prior art keywords
nozzle
pipe
printer
heating
pipe wall
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CN201911100866.9A
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CN110901068A (en
Inventor
何颂华
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Shenzhen Polytechnic
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Shenzhen Polytechnic
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Priority to CN201911100866.9A priority Critical patent/CN110901068B/en
Publication of CN110901068A publication Critical patent/CN110901068A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/125161 priority patent/WO2021093603A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/295—Heating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and discloses a coaxial nozzle of a 3D printer and a 3D printer with the coaxial nozzle, wherein the coaxial nozzle comprises an outer pipe, an inner pipe and a nozzle, the inner pipe is nested in the outer pipe, the nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the outer pipe, and a semiconductor refrigerator is arranged in a first pipe wall of the inner pipe; and a nozzle heating device is arranged on the pipe wall of the nozzle and is electrically connected with the power supply device and the control device. Because the outer pipe and the inner pipe are arranged, different printing materials can be injected into the two pipes simultaneously; the semiconductor refrigerator is arranged in the first pipe wall of the inner pipe, has the functions of heating and refrigerating at the same time, and can respectively heat or refrigerate the printing materials in the outer pipe and the inner pipe so as to ensure that the printing materials are within a set temperature and keep the characteristics of the printing materials.

Description

Coaxial shower nozzle of 3D printer and have its 3D printer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a coaxial nozzle of a 3D printer and the 3D printer with the coaxial nozzle.
Background
3D printing, one of the rapid prototyping technologies, is a technology for constructing an object by printing layer by layer using an adhesive material such as powdered metal or plastic based on a digital model file. It has been used to manufacture models in the fields of mold manufacturing, industrial design, etc., and is now increasingly used for direct manufacture of some products. In particular, some high value applications (such as marrow joints or teeth, or some aircraft parts) already have parts printed using this technique. The 3D printing is the same as the laser forming technology, and layered processing and overlapping forming are adopted to finish 3D entity printing.
However, in some 3D printing processes, two printing materials need to be kept relatively independent during the conveying process, and mixing is performed at the nozzle of the printer, especially in some special material printers, a certain temperature needs to be kept during the conveying process of the printing materials, such as heating or cooling is needed to ensure the characteristics of the materials; the coaxial shower nozzle of current 3D printer does not have temperature control device, can not realize the temperature control of different materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coaxial nozzle of a 3D printer, which can ensure that two printing materials are simultaneously conveyed in the nozzle and simultaneously control the temperature of the two printing materials.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: A3D printer coaxial sprayer comprises an outer pipe, an inner pipe and a nozzle, wherein the inner pipe is nested in the outer pipe, the nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the outer pipe, a semiconductor refrigerator is arranged in a first pipe wall of the inner pipe, a first temperature sensor is embedded in the inner side of the first pipe wall, a second temperature sensor is embedded in the outer side of the first pipe wall, the semiconductor refrigerator is connected with a power supply device and is electrically connected with the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor and a control device; and a nozzle heating device is arranged on the pipe wall of the nozzle and is electrically connected with the power supply device and the control device.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: because the outer pipe and the inner pipe are arranged, different printing materials can be injected into the two pipes simultaneously; the semiconductor refrigerator is arranged in the first pipe wall of the inner pipe, has the functions of heating and refrigerating at the same time, and can respectively heat or refrigerate the printing materials in the outer pipe and the inner pipe so as to ensure that the printing materials are within a set temperature and keep the characteristics of the printing materials.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the semiconductor cooler has a cooling surface and a heating surface, the heating surface facing the outside of the first tube wall.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the heating surface of the semiconductor refrigerator faces the outer side of the first pipe wall, so that the printing material in the inner pipe can be cooled, and the material in the outer pipe can be heated.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, an air duct is arranged in the outer side of the first pipe wall and communicated with the outside.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: through setting up the wind channel, can carry out convulsions or air supply to the wind channel at the exit fan in wind channel to the heating temperature in the first pipe wall outside of accurate control.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the outer pipe wall of the outer pipe is a second pipe wall, a heating device and a third temperature sensor are arranged on the second pipe wall, the heating device is electrically connected with the power supply device, and the heating device and the third temperature sensor are electrically connected with the control device.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the heating and temperature control device is arranged on the second pipe wall, so that auxiliary heating can be performed on the printing material in the outer pipe, the printing material in the pipe is ensured to be heated uniformly, and meanwhile, when the heating of the semiconductor refrigerator does not reach the set temperature, the heating device on the second pipe wall is started to heat, and the printing material in the pipe is ensured to reach the set temperature.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Furthermore, the semiconductor refrigerators, the first temperature sensors and the second temperature sensors are all multiple, and the semiconductor refrigerators, the first temperature sensors and the second temperature sensors are uniformly distributed in the first pipe wall.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the multiple semiconductor refrigerators ensure the uniformity of heating, and the multiple temperature sensors ensure the accuracy of temperature feedback; the accuracy of the temperature of the inner tube and the outer tube is improved.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Furthermore, heating device with the third temperature sensor all is a plurality of, a plurality of heating device with the third temperature sensor equipartition is in the second pipe wall.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the heating devices and the temperature sensors ensure the accuracy of temperature heating and feedback; the accuracy of the temperature of the outer tube is improved.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Furthermore, a switch device is electrically connected between the nozzle heating device and the power supply device, the switch device is an electronic pressure switch, the electronic pressure switch is arranged in the nozzle, the nozzle is of a double-layer structure, the double-layer structure comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the inner layer material is different from that of the outer layer material.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the nozzle heating device is connected with the electronic pressure switch, when the electronic pressure switch is pressed, the nozzle heating device generates heat when the electronic pressure switch senses that the pressure is greater than a set value, so that the printing material at the nozzle can be heated in an auxiliary manner, and the heating effect of the printing material is ensured; meanwhile, when the printing is finished, the printer stops heating the printing material, but because the electronic pressure switch embedded in the nozzle senses that the pressure is greater than a set value in the process of recovering the deformation of the nozzle, the cooled printing material at the nozzle can be continuously heated in an auxiliary manner, and the printing material is prevented from being adhered to the inner wall of the nozzle; ensure that the printing material is smoothly retracted into the feeding pipe when the printing material is recovered.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the coefficient of expansion of the inner layer material is greater than the coefficient of expansion of the outer layer material.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the coefficient of expansion of inlayer material is greater than the coefficient of expansion of outer layer material, at printing the in-process of opening, the nozzle opening is in outside expansion state, when printing the end, because the temperature of printing the material reduces, the nozzle opening goes out the reconversion, and then extrudees the printing material of solidification to make the printing material of solidification and the not hard up drop of nozzle inner wall, cooperate nozzle heating device's heating again, ensure the recovery of printing material.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, a gap is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: because a gap is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer, when high-temperature printing materials flow through the nozzle, the temperature of the inner layer of the nozzle is very high, and because the outer layer is directly contacted with the inner layer, the temperature of the outer layer of the nozzle is lower; meanwhile, because the thermal expansion coefficient of the inner layer is large and the thermal expansion coefficient of the outer layer is small, the inner layer can expand outwards at the pipe orifice of the nozzle, the bending deformation is large, and then large extrusion force is generated when the inner layer is restored to the original state after the nozzle is cooled, so that the cooled and solidified printing material can easily fall off from the pipe wall of the inner layer.
The invention further provides a 3D printer which comprises the coaxial nozzle of the printer.
The printer nozzle is provided with an outer pipe and an inner pipe, and different printing materials can be injected into the two pipes simultaneously; the semiconductor refrigerator is arranged in the first pipe wall of the inner pipe, has the functions of heating and refrigerating at the same time, and can respectively heat or refrigerate the printing materials in the outer pipe and the inner pipe so as to ensure that the printing materials are within a set temperature and keep the characteristics of the printing materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a 3D printer coaxial nozzle according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a coaxial nozzle of a 3D printer according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a coaxial showerhead of a three 3D printer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a nozzle of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a nozzle of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a second nozzle embodiment of the present invention in an operational state containing heated printing material;
FIG. 7 is a three sectional view of an embodiment of a nozzle of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a nozzle of the present invention with heated printing material contained in the nozzle;
FIG. 9 is a four sectional view of an embodiment of a nozzle of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a nozzle of the present invention in an operational state in which four nozzles are containing heated printing material.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. the device comprises an outer pipe, 2, an inner pipe, 21, a semiconductor refrigerator, 3, a nozzle, 31, a nozzle heating device, 4, a first pipe wall, 41, a first temperature sensor, 42, a second temperature sensor, 43, an air duct, 5, a second pipe wall, 51, a heating device, 52, a third temperature sensor, 6, a switch device, 7 and a support.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A 3D printer coaxial nozzle cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 1.
A3D printer coaxial nozzle comprises an outer tube 1, an inner tube 2 and a nozzle 3, wherein the inner tube 2 is nested in the outer tube 1, the nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the outer tube 1, a semiconductor refrigerator 21 is arranged in a first tube wall 4 of the inner tube 2, a first temperature sensor 41 is embedded in the inner side of the first tube wall 4, a second temperature sensor 42 is embedded in the outer side of the first tube wall 4, the semiconductor refrigerator 21 is connected with a power supply device, and the semiconductor refrigerator 21, the first temperature sensor 41 and the second temperature sensor 42 are electrically connected with a control device; the nozzle 3 is provided with a nozzle heating device 31 on the pipe wall, and the nozzle heating device 31 is electrically connected with a power supply device (not shown in the embodiment) and a control device (not shown in the embodiment). In the present embodiment, the semiconductor cooler 21 has a cooling surface and a heating surface, the heating surface facing the outside of the first tube wall 4. A bracket 7 is provided on the outside of the outer tube 1 for fixing the spray head. In a specific embodiment, the printer head may be coupled to the device for delivering the marking material by means of threads or the like.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when two 3D printing materials are involved in simultaneous mixed printing, especially printing of some special materials, in order to guarantee effectiveness and activity of the materials, one material needs to be cooled at a lower temperature and the other material needs to be heated before the two materials are mixed. When printing, the material needing low temperature cooling is injected into the inner pipe 2, the material needing heating is injected into the outer pipe 1, and the semiconductor refrigerator 21 is arranged in the first pipe wall 4 of the inner pipe 2, and the semiconductor refrigerator 21 is provided with a refrigerating surface and a heating surface, and the heating surface faces the outer side of the first pipe wall 4. The semiconductor refrigerator 21 is powered by a power supply device, the semiconductor refrigerator 21 is operated by a control device, the printing material in the inner pipe 2 is cooled, and the material in the outer pipe 1 is heated; then, the temperature of the printing material in the inner tube 2 is fed back through the first temperature sensor 41, the temperature of the material in the outer tube 1 is fed back through the second temperature sensor 42, and the control device controls the refrigeration and heating of the semiconductor refrigerator 21 in real time according to the fed back temperature, so that the temperature of the printing material in the tube is ensured to meet the requirement.
Meanwhile, the nozzle heating device 31 heats the mixed printing material flowing through the nozzle, so that the printing material is ensured to have good plasticity; furthermore, after printing is finished, the semiconductor refrigerator 21 stops working, the printing material at the nozzle is condensed and solidified, and at this time, the nozzle heating device 31 is started to heat the printing material at the nozzle, so that the printing material at the nozzle is ensured to fall off from the inner wall of the nozzle, and the recovery of the printing material at the nozzle is facilitated.
Due to the special refrigeration and heating characteristics of the semiconductor refrigerator 21, the heating surface faces the outer side of the first pipe wall 4, so that the contact area of the heating surface of the semiconductor refrigerator 21 is large, and the heat is easily dissipated and transferred to the printing material in the outer pipe 1; meanwhile, the refrigerating effect of the other surface of the semiconductor refrigerator 21 is ensured, and the reliability and the service life of the semiconductor refrigerator 21 are improved.
In a particular embodiment, to ensure cooling and heat dissipation and heating, good contact of both sides of the semiconductor cooler 21 with the first tube wall 4 is ensured.
Referring to fig. 2, a sectional view of a coaxial nozzle of a 3D printer according to a second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that: the outer side pipe wall of the outer pipe 1 is a second pipe wall 5, a heating device 51 and a third temperature sensor 52 are arranged on the second pipe wall 5, the heating device 51 is electrically connected with a power supply device, and the heating device 51 and the third temperature sensor 52 are electrically connected with a control device.
The heating and temperature control device is arranged on the second pipe wall 5, so that auxiliary heating can be performed on the printing material in the outer pipe 1, the printing material in the pipe is uniformly heated, and meanwhile, when the semiconductor refrigerator 21 is heated to a set temperature, the heating device on the second pipe wall 5 is started to heat the printing material in the pipe, and the printing material in the pipe is ensured to reach the set temperature.
Referring to fig. 3, a cross-sectional view of a coaxial nozzle of a three 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that: an air duct 43 is arranged in the outer side of the first pipe wall 4, and the air duct 43 is communicated with the outside.
Through setting up wind channel 43, can carry out convulsions or air supply to the wind channel at the exit fan of wind channel 43 to the heating temperature in the accurate control first pipe wall 4 outside. In the embodiment, when the temperature of the printing material in the outer tube 1 to be heated is not too high, the heat of the heating surface of the semiconductor refrigerator 21 needs to be properly dissipated to adjust the heating temperature of the printing material in the outer tube 1 by the heating surface of the semiconductor refrigerator 21.
In a specific embodiment, the air duct 43 may be a U-shaped air duct, and an air extracting device is further disposed on the air duct opening to ensure more accurate control of the temperature of the heating surface of the semiconductor cooler 21.
Referring to fig. 4, a nozzle heating device 31 is disposed on a tube wall of the nozzle 3, and the nozzle heating device 31 is electrically connected to a power supply device and a control device.
The function is as follows: the nozzle heating device 31 heats the mixed printing material flowing through the nozzle, so that the printing material has good plasticity; furthermore, after printing is finished, the semiconductor refrigerator 21 stops working, the printing material at the nozzle is condensed and solidified, and at this time, the nozzle heating device 31 is started to heat the printing material at the nozzle, so that the printing material at the nozzle is ensured to fall off from the inner wall of the nozzle, and the recovery of the printing material at the nozzle is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 5, a nozzle 3 has a double-layer structure including an inner layer and an outer layer, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the inner layer is different from that of the outer layer.
When printing, the thermal expansion coefficient of the inner layer material is different from that of the outer layer material, the nozzle can deform, namely, expand outwards (as shown in fig. 6, namely, a working state cross-sectional view of the printing material with heated nozzle is contained), when printing is finished, the printer stops heating the printing material, but in the process of recovering deformation of the nozzle, the cooled printing material at the nozzle can be extruded, and the printing material is prevented from being adhered to the inner wall of the nozzle; ensure that the printing material is smoothly retracted into the feeding pipe when the printing material is recovered.
Referring to fig. 7, the three cross-sectional views of the nozzle embodiment of the present invention are different from the three cross-sectional views of the embodiment in that: a gap is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer.
Because a gap is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer, when high-temperature printing materials flow through the nozzle, the temperature of the inner layer of the nozzle is very high, and because the outer layer is directly contacted with the inner layer, the temperature of the outer layer is lower; meanwhile, because the thermal expansion coefficient of the inner layer is relatively large and the thermal expansion coefficient of the outer layer is relatively small, the inner layer can expand outwards at the nozzle opening of the nozzle, and is relatively large in bending deformation (as shown in fig. 8, namely, a working state cross-sectional view of the heated printing material contained at the nozzle), so that a relatively large extrusion force is generated when the inner layer is restored after the nozzle is cooled, and the cooled and solidified printing material can easily fall off from the pipe wall of the inner layer.
Referring to fig. 9, the nozzle of the present invention in the four cross-sectional views is different from the embodiment in that: a switch device is electrically connected between the nozzle heating device 31 and the power supply device, the switch device is an electronic pressure switch 6, the electronic pressure switch 6 is arranged in the nozzle 3, the nozzle 3 is of a double-layer structure, the double-layer structure comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the inner layer material is different from that of the outer layer material.
The nozzle heating device 31 is connected with the electronic pressure switch 6, when printing is performed, the thermal expansion coefficient of the inner layer material is different from that of the outer layer material, the nozzle can deform, namely, the nozzle expands outwards (as shown in fig. 10, namely, a working state cross-sectional view of the heated printing material contained at the nozzle), when the electronic pressure switch 6 is extruded, and when the electronic pressure switch senses that the pressure is greater than a set value, the nozzle heating device 31 heats, so that the printing material at the nozzle can be heated in an auxiliary manner, and the heating effect of the printing material is ensured; meanwhile, when the printing is finished, the printer stops heating the printing material, but because the electronic pressure switch 6 embedded in the nozzle senses that the pressure is greater than a set value in the process of recovering the deformation of the nozzle, the cooled printing material at the nozzle can be continuously heated in an auxiliary manner, and the printing material is prevented from being adhered to the inner wall of the nozzle; ensure that the printing material is smoothly retracted into the feeding pipe when the printing material is recovered.
In the specific embodiment, the semiconductor cooler 21, the first temperature sensor 41 and the second temperature sensor 42 are all plural, and the plural semiconductor coolers 21, the first temperature sensor 41 and the second temperature sensor 42 are uniformly distributed in the first pipe wall 4.
The multiple semiconductor refrigerators 21 ensure the uniformity of heating, and the multiple temperature sensors ensure the accuracy of temperature feedback; the accuracy of the temperature of the inner tube and the outer tube is improved.
In the specific embodiment, the heating device 51 and the third temperature sensor 52 are both plural, and the plural heating devices 51 and the third temperature sensors 52 are uniformly distributed in the second pipe wall 5.
A plurality of heating devices 51 and a plurality of temperature sensors for ensuring the accuracy of temperature heating and feedback; the accuracy of the temperature of the outer tube is improved.
In a specific embodiment, the control device and the power supply device of the present invention may be disposed according to the condition of the printer, such as disposed outside the head, on the carriage, or on the printing season body.
The invention also provides a 3D printer, which comprises the coaxial nozzle of the 3D printer.
Because the printer nozzle is provided with the outer pipe 1 and the inner pipe 2, different printing materials can be injected into the two pipes simultaneously; a semiconductor refrigerator 21 is arranged in the first pipe wall 4 of the inner pipe 2, the semiconductor refrigerator 21 has the functions of heating and cooling at the same time, and can respectively heat or cool the printing materials in the outer pipe 1 and the inner pipe 2 so as to ensure that the printing materials are within the set temperature and maintain the characteristics of the printing materials.
In a specific embodiment, the ratio of the thickness of the inner layer to the thickness of the outer layer is arbitrarily selected from 3:1 to 4: 1.
By selecting an appropriate thickness difference, the extrusion force generated by thermal expansion and cold contraction is greater, improving the extrusion effect on the cured printing material.
In a specific embodiment, the concave-convex structure is arranged on the surface of the inner layer opposite to the outer layer, rather than the concave-convex structure is arranged in a zigzag shape.
The inner surface of the inner layer is provided with the sawtooth-shaped concave-convex structure, when the nozzle flows through the heated printing material, in the deformation process of the inner layer of the nozzle towards the outer layer, because the concave-convex structure 23 is arranged on the inner surface of the inner layer, the reaction force on the deformation of the inner layer is small, and the deformation is easy; the greater deformation ensures that as the printed material cools, the greater effect of the inner layer on the solidified printed material pushes the solidified printed material off the inner layer.
Also, in particular embodiments, the depth of the serrations is set to a depth between 1/3 and 1/2 of the thickness of the inner layer, which ensures that the inner layer is sufficiently deformed during heating while sufficient pressure is generated during cooling to push the solidified printing material off of the inner layer due to the sufficient thickness of the inner layer.
In a specific embodiment, the power of the nozzle heating device may be automatically adjusted according to the pressure sensed by the electronic pressure switch 3, for example, as the pressure increases, the heating power becomes higher. Thus, after the printing is finished, when the printing material of the nozzle 3 is cooled rapidly, the printing material is solidified instantly; the electronic pressure switch senses that the pressure is maximum, the power of the nozzle heating device is also maximum, the printing material of the nozzle cannot be solidified, and the recovery effect of the printing material is further ensured.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "length", "width", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The 3D printer coaxial nozzle and the 3D printer having the same of the present invention are described in detail above, and the principle and the embodiment of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples herein. The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the core ideas of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A3D printer coaxial sprayer comprises an outer pipe (1), an inner pipe (2) and a nozzle (3), wherein the inner pipe (2) is nested in the outer pipe (1), and the nozzle is arranged at the lower end of the outer pipe (1), and is characterized in that a semiconductor refrigerator (21) is arranged in a first pipe wall (4) of the inner pipe (2), a first temperature sensor (41) is embedded in the inner side of the first pipe wall (4), a second temperature sensor (42) is embedded in the outer side of the first pipe wall (4), the semiconductor refrigerator (21) is connected with a power supply device, and is electrically connected with the first temperature sensor (41) and the second temperature sensor (42) and a control device; a nozzle heating device (31) is arranged on the pipe wall of the nozzle (3), and the nozzle heating device (31) is electrically connected with the power supply device and the control device;
the nozzle heating device (31) with be connected with switching device between the power supply unit, switching device is electron pressure switch (6), electron pressure switch (6) set up in nozzle (3), nozzle (3) are bilayer structure, bilayer structure includes inlayer and skin, the coefficient of thermal expansion of inlayer material is greater than the coefficient of thermal expansion of skin material.
2. The 3D printer coaxial nozzle of claim 1, wherein: the semiconductor refrigerator (21) has a cooling surface and a heating surface, the heating surface facing the outside of the first tube wall (4).
3. The 3D printer coaxial nozzle of claim 2, wherein: an air duct (43) is arranged in the outer side of the first pipe wall (4), and the air duct (43) is communicated with the outside.
4. The 3D printer coaxial nozzle of claim 3, wherein: the outer pipe wall of the outer pipe (1) is a second pipe wall (5), a heating device (51) and a third temperature sensor (52) are arranged on the second pipe wall (5), the heating device (51) is electrically connected with the power supply device, and the heating device (51) and the third temperature sensor (52) are electrically connected with the control device.
5. The 3D printer coaxial nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the semiconductor refrigerators (21), the first temperature sensors (41) and the second temperature sensors (42) are multiple, and the semiconductor refrigerators (21), the first temperature sensors (41) and the second temperature sensors (42) are uniformly distributed in the first pipe wall (4).
6. The 3D printer coaxial nozzle of claim 4, wherein: the heating devices (51) and the third temperature sensors (52) are multiple, and the heating devices (51) and the third temperature sensors (52) are uniformly distributed in the second pipe wall (5).
7. The 3D printer coaxial nozzle of claim 1, wherein: a gap is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer.
8. The utility model provides a 3D printer which characterized in that: the printer comprises the 3D printer coaxial nozzle of claims 1-7.
CN201911100866.9A 2019-11-12 2019-11-12 Coaxial shower nozzle of 3D printer and have its 3D printer Active CN110901068B (en)

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