CN110900308A

CN110900308A - Cutter detection method for numerical control machining

Info

Publication number: CN110900308A
Application number: CN201911269162.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈勇; 郭辉; 何多政; 姚志强; 雍虎军
Original assignee: AVIC Landing Gear Advanced Manufacturing Corp
Current assignee: AVIC Landing Gear Advanced Manufacturing Corp
Priority date: 2019-12-11
Filing date: 2019-12-11
Publication date: 2020-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-11
Also published as: CN110900308B

Abstract

The invention provides a tool detection method for numerical control machining, which comprises the steps of (A1) calling a detected tool and inputting the coordinates of a program origin of a workpiece coordinate system of the detected tool in a machine tool coordinate system, (B1) adjusting the position of the detected tool to enable the coordinates of the upper end face of the detected tool in the z axis of the workpiece coordinate system to be z1+ △ z1, (C1) enabling the detected tool to rotate by taking the coordinates (x1+ △ x1, y1+ △ y1) in the workpiece coordinate system as the center and the radius to be r1+ r2+ m, and skipping to the step (E1) or the step (D1) according to whether an indication is sent by a conductive indicating device, and (D1) enabling the detected tool to rotate by taking the coordinates (x1+ △ x1, y1+ △ y1) as the center and the radius to be ra1+ rb1-m, and performing skipping to the step (E1) or performing correct correction according to the step (1).

Description

Cutter detection method for numerical control machining

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for detecting a cutter, in particular to a cutter detection method suitable for numerical control machining.

Background

Along with the transformation and the promotion of the design concept of the airplane, the part structure of the airplane landing gear develops towards the direction of integration and complication, and a new challenge is provided for a numerical control machining technology which is one of the key technologies for manufacturing the landing gear: the cost of raw material blanks is high, the process flow is complex, the processing period is long, the scrapping loss is large, for example, the cost of the outer cylinder of the undercarriage and the blank of the strut is more than 100 tens of thousands, and a plurality of scrapping accidents have occurred in recent years. Meanwhile, undercarriage products have the characteristics of multiple types and small-batch mixed line processing, and potential quality hidden dangers are hidden in the processing process. In the existing machining process, visual observation and high skill experience of operators are often required, the operation process is complicated, subjective misjudgment conditions exist, and large-scale popularization and application are difficult.

When machining is performed by using a tool, a program origin needs to be defined, and a programming coordinate system (i.e., a workpiece coordinate system) is established by using the program origin as a coordinate system origin. The coordinate axes of the workpiece coordinate system must be parallel to the coordinate axes of the machine coordinate system. In the process of machining by using a cutter, the coordinate value of a program origin in a machine tool coordinate system needs to be determined by means of tool setting, optical measurement and the like, the coordinate value of the program origin is manually input into a corresponding cutter compensation unit of a numerical control lathe through a machine tool operation panel, and a numerical control system determines the position of the program origin of a workpiece coordinate system through coordinate conversion calculation according to the input coordinate value, so that the machine tool coordinate system origin is shifted to the required program origin of the workpiece coordinate system, and subsequent machining by using the cutter is facilitated. The program origin of the workpiece coordinate system is typically selected at the intersection of the axis with the right, left, or other location of the workpiece. In addition, when machining is performed using a tool, it is necessary to input a tool number on a machine tool control platform to call the tool. Because the processes of inputting the program origin and inputting the tool number are manually operated, faults and errors in processing can be caused, raw materials are scrapped, and serious loss is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a cutter detection method for numerical control machining, aiming at the problem that errors may exist in manual program origin and cutter number input when the existing aircraft landing gear utilizes a cutter to machine materials.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a cutter detection method for numerical control machining is characterized in that a first three-dimensional structure with a circular cross section is arranged on a cutter, the axis of the first three-dimensional structure of the cutter coincides with the axis of the cutter, a machine tool coordinate system is defined, a Z axis is parallel to a vertical direction, an X axis and a Y axis are located on a horizontal plane and are perpendicular to each other, a detection device is further mounted on the machine tool and comprises a base, a measuring head located at the upper end of the base and a conductive indicating device fixedly arranged in the base or the measuring head, and when the detected cutter abuts against the measuring head, the conductive indicating device gives an indication;

a second three-dimensional structure with the same shape as the first three-dimensional structure is arranged on the measuring head, the axis of the second three-dimensional structure is superposed with the axis of the detection device, and the axis of the first three-dimensional structure and the axis of the second three-dimensional structure are both parallel to the Z axis of the machine tool coordinate system;

the method comprises the following steps:

step (a 1): calling a detected cutter on a machine tool control platform, and inputting coordinates of a program origin of a workpiece coordinate system of the detected cutter in a machine tool coordinate system, wherein an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of the workpiece coordinate system are respectively parallel to an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of the machine tool coordinate system;

step (B1) of adjusting the position of the detected tool so that the coordinate of the upper end face of the detected tool on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system is z1+ △ z1, z1 is the coordinate of the upper end face of the detected tool on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system when the detected tool is at the starting point, △ z1 is the difference between the coordinate of the first height position and the coordinate of the second height position on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, the second height position is the height position of the upper end face of the correct tool on the starting point, the first height position satisfies the condition that when the upper end face of the correct tool is at the first height position, the vertical distance between the upper end face of the second three-dimensional structure and the plane where the machine tool table is located is greater than the vertical distance between the lower end face of the first three-dimensional structure of the correct tool and the plane where the machine tool table is located, and the vertical distance between the lower end face of the second three-dimensional structure and the plane where the machine tool table is less than the vertical;

step (C1) rotating the detected cutter by taking coordinates (x1+ △ x1, y1+ △ y1) in a workpiece coordinate system as a center and radius r1+ r2+ m, if the conductive indicating device gives an indication, jumping to step (E1), if the conductive indicating device does not give an indication, jumping to step (D1), wherein x1 and y1 are coordinates of an axis of the detected cutter in the x axis and the y axis of the workpiece coordinate system when the detected cutter is at a starting point, m is a preset adjusting distance, m is greater than 0, m is determined by the machining precision of the cut by the cutter, △ x1 and △ y1 are differences between coordinates of the axis of the detecting device and the axis of the correct cutter in the x axis and the y axis of the workpiece coordinate system when the correct cutter is at the starting point, if the first three-dimensional structure and the second three-dimensional structure are both cylinders, r2 and r1 are radii of the second three-dimensional structure, a first three-dimensional structure is a first three-dimensional structure, and r1 is a cone structure, and if the first three-dimensional structure is a cone structure, a cone, and a cone structure is located on a cone, and a cone, a cone;

step (D1) of rotating the detected cutter by taking the coordinates (x1+ △ x1, y1+ △ y1) in the workpiece coordinate system as the center of a circle and the radius is r1+ r2-m, if the conductive indicating device does not give an indication, the step (E1) is skipped, and if the conductive indicating device gives an indication, the detection result of the detected cutter is correct, the coordinates are correct and the program is ended;

step (E1): checking whether the coordinate input is correct, checking whether the called detected tool is a correct tool, if the checking result is wrong, correcting, and jumping to the step (B1).

The method comprises the steps of (A) detecting a detected tool by a detection device, (C) enabling the coordinate of the upper end face of the detected tool on the Z axis of a workpiece coordinate system to be Z + Z, enabling the detected tool to rotate by taking the coordinate (X + X, Y + 0Y) in the workpiece coordinate system as the center and the radius to be r + r + m, if the conductive indicating device in the step (C) indicates that the coordinate of the origin of a program or the calling of the tool is possibly wrong, jumping to the step (E) to check whether the input is correct or not and whether the calling of the tool is correct or not, the applicant finds that the conductive device in the step (C) does not indicate that the detected tool does not collide with a probe but cannot determine that the coordinate of the origin of the program is correct and the calling of the tool is correct, the conductive device in the step (C) does not indicate that the conductive device in the step (C) indicates that the side wall of the detected tool is not in the horizontal direction of the first three-dimensional structure and the side wall of the detected tool does not indicate that the side wall of the first three-dimensional structure in the horizontal direction of the first three-dimensional structure when the side wall of the detected tool rotates, the side wall of the detected tool and the three-dimensional structure in the second three-dimensional structure, the step (C) indicates that the side wall of the detected tool does not collide with the coordinate system, the side wall of the detected tool, the detected tool does not indicate that the side wall of the three-dimensional structure, the detected tool does not indicate that the side wall of the detected tool does not touch the detected tool, the three-dimensional structure, the detected tool, the side wall of the detected tool, the side wall of the three-dimensional structure, the detected tool, the side wall of the detected tool is not touch the detected tool, the detected.

In the technical scheme, the rotation of the detected cutter is uniform rotation;

in the step (C1), if the conductive indicating device gives an indication multiple times and regularly in the process of one rotation of the detected cutter, it is determined that the installed detected cutter is a wrong cutter;

in the step (C1), if the conductive indicating device gives an indication once or the probe is damaged after the conductive indicating device gives an indication during the detected tool rotates by one circle, the input coordinate is determined to be an error coordinate.

According to the invention, the error type can be rapidly judged through the condition that the conductive indicating device gives an indication, so that the processing efficiency is improved.

In the above technical solution, in the step (B1), the coordinate of the first height position on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system is determined according to the coordinate of the second three-dimensional structure on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, the height dimension of the second three-dimensional structure, the height dimension of the first three-dimensional structure of the correct tool, and the height position of the first three-dimensional structure of the correct tool on the correct tool.

The invention also provides a cutter detection method for numerical control machining, wherein the cutter is provided with a lower end face parallel to the horizontal plane, the detection device comprises a base, a measuring head positioned at the upper end of the base and a conductive indicating device fixedly arranged in the base or the measuring head, and when the detected cutter is abutted against the measuring head, the conductive indicating device gives an indication;

the measuring head is provided with an upper end surface parallel to the horizontal plane, and the axis of the measuring head and the axis of the detected cutter are parallel to the Z axis of the machine tool coordinate system;

the method comprises the following steps:

step (a 2): calling the detected tool on the machine tool control platform, and inputting a coordinate Z0 of a program origin of a workpiece coordinate system of the detected tool on a Z axis of a machine tool coordinate system and a length compensation value com _ Z of the detected tool;

step (B2) of adjusting the position of the detected tool so that the coordinate of the lower end face of the detected tool on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system is z2+ △ z2+ com _ z + m, after the position of the detected tool is adjusted, the detected tool is made to translate in the direction parallel to the extending direction of the upper end face of the measuring head, if the conductive indicating device indicates, the step (D2) is jumped to, if the conductive indicating device does not indicate, the step (C2) is jumped to, wherein z2 is the coordinate of the lower end face of the detected tool on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system when the detected tool is at the starting point, △ z2 is the difference between the coordinate of the third height position and the coordinate of the fourth height position on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, the fourth height position is the height position where the upper end face of the correct tool is located when the reference tool is at the starting point, and the third height position satisfies the condition that when the upper end face of the reference tool is located on the third height position, the lower end face of the reference tool and the;

step (C2) of adjusting the position of the detected cutter to ensure that the coordinate of the lower end face of the detected cutter on the z axis of the workpiece coordinate system is z2+ △ z2+ com _ z-m, after the position of the detected cutter is adjusted, the detected cutter is enabled to translate in the direction parallel to the extending direction of the upper end face of the measuring head, if the conductive indicating device does not give an indication, the step (D2) is skipped, if the conductive indicating device gives an indication, the input of the correct length compensation value com _ z and the coordinate z0 of the detection result of the detected cutter is correct, and the program is ended;

step (D2): checking whether the coordinate z0 and the length compensation value com _ z are input correctly, checking whether the called detected tool is a correct tool, if the checking result is wrong, correcting, and jumping to the step (B2).

The applicant finds that in the existing production, because the number of the tools in processing is generally not less than 2, Z value compensation needs to be carried out on each tool in tool setting, or length compensation needs to be carried out in processing, the compensation value needs to be input on a machine tool control panel, if the input is wrong, the coordinate in the Z axis direction is wrong, so that the fault and error in processing are brought, the raw material is scrapped in serious conditions, and huge economic loss is brought.

In the present invention, a detected tool is detected by a detection device, step (B2) is performed by making the coordinate of the Z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system of the lower end face of the detected tool as Z2+ 2Z 2+ com _ Z + m, i.e. the coordinate of the machine tool coordinate system of the lower end face of the detected tool as Z2+ 2Z 2+ com _ Z + m, if the conductive indication device in step (B2) indicates that the lower end face of the detected tool is located below the upper end face of the tool head so that both the detected tool and the conductive indication device collide, indicating that the detected tool has a tool length compensation value, the coordinate Z2 of the origin on the Z axis of the machine tool coordinate system, the detected tool may be erroneously inputted, and the detected tool may be skipped to step (D2) so that the test may be erroneously detected, if the conductive indication device in step (B2) indicates that the conductive indication device has not collided with the tool length of the detected tool is not collided with the tool, step (C + 2) and if the conductive indication device in step (B2) indicates that the conductive indication device has not collided with the detected tool length of the detected tool and the conductive indication device has not collided with the detected tool and the conductive indication device in step (C + 2) indicates that the conductive indication device has not been erroneously detected tool has not been erroneously detected tool length of the detected tool and the conductive indication device has been erroneously detected tool axis of the conductive indication device (C + 2) when the conductive indication device has been erroneously detected tool length of the conductive indication device (C + 2) has been erroneously detected tool axis of the conductive indication device has been transmitted, step (C + 2) and the conductive indication device has been transmitted, step (B2) has been transmitted, step (C + 2) has been transmitted.

In the technical scheme, the value ranges of m are [0.05mm, 0.15mm ].

In the technical scheme, the detection device comprises a base, a measuring head and an elastic telescopic element, wherein the base is fixedly arranged, the measuring head is positioned at the upper end of the base, and two ends of the elastic telescopic element are respectively and correspondingly and fixedly connected with the base and the measuring head;

the base is provided with a groove, the measuring head is provided with a convex part extending into the groove, or the measuring head is provided with a groove, and the base is provided with a convex part extending into the groove;

an electric insulation part is arranged between the groove and the convex part, and the electric insulation part is uniformly distributed around the outer periphery of the convex part or uniformly distributed around the inner periphery of the groove;

when the detected cutter abuts against the measuring head, the measuring head can swing relative to the base, and the groove can be contacted with the convex part through swinging, so that the conductive indicating device sends out an indication;

the base, the measuring head and the elastic telescopic element are all conductors.

In the invention, when the measuring head does not swing, the measuring head and the base are insulated by the electric insulation part, and the conductive indicating device does not give out indication. If the position of the cutter is wrong, the detected cutter touches the measuring head, and the measuring head can swing relative to the base, so that the inner wall surface of the groove is in contact with the outer wall surface of the convex part, and the conductive indicating device gives an indication. The structure that the groove and the convex part are matched mutually enables the measuring head to be stably arranged, even if the cutter contacts the measuring head, the measuring head cannot excessively deflect due to external force, and the safety of the device is guaranteed.

In the above technical solution, the outer wall surface of the protrusion and the inner wall surface of the groove are both conical surfaces, and the taper angle α of the outer wall surface of the protrusion is greater than or less than the taper angle β of the inner wall surface of the groove.

Through setting α and being greater than β, when being detected cutter collision gauge head, the gauge head only need carry out less angular deflection and can make recess and convex part contact for electrically conductive indicating device sends the instruction, causes the tensile overlength problem of elastic expansion device when avoiding appearing gauge head swing angle oversize.

In the above technical solution, the electrical insulation portion is installed on the inner wall surface of the groove and in line contact with the outer wall surface of the protrusion, or the electrical insulation portion is installed on the outer wall surface of the protrusion and in line contact with the inner wall surface of the groove.

Through setting up electric insulation portion and one face contact in recess, the protruding portion, and with another line contact for the gauge head is convenient for relatively and the base swings. Moreover, through the arrangement, after the measuring head swings relative to the base, the inner wall surface of the groove can be contacted with the outer wall surface of the convex part,

the thickness of the electric insulation part is 0.1mm-0.2mm, the electric insulation part is arranged on the outer wall surface of the convex part, the electric insulation part is of an annular structure uniformly distributed around the outer wall surface of the convex part, and the surface area of the electric insulation part in contact with the outer wall surface of the convex part is less than 10% of the surface area of the outer wall surface of the convex part; or

The thickness of the electric insulation part is 0.1mm-0.2mm, the electric insulation part is installed on the inner wall surface of the groove, the electric insulation part is of an annular structure uniformly distributed around the inner wall surface of the groove, and the surface area of the electric insulation part in contact with the inner wall surface of the groove is less than 10% of the surface area of the outer wall surface of the groove.

Through the setting, the misconduction of the circuit between the groove and the convex part can be avoided, and when the detected cutter collides with the measuring head, the measuring head only needs to deflect at a small angle to enable the groove to be in contact with the convex part, so that the conductive indicating device gives an indication, and the problem that the elastic expansion device is too long when the swing angle of the measuring head is too large is avoided.

In the above technical solution, the probe includes a probe main body, a protection structure fixedly connected to the probe main body, and a connection element fixedly connected to the protection structure, the probe, the protection structure, and the connection element are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in a height direction of the detection device, and a fixed connection position of the elastic telescopic element and the probe is located at the connection element;

defining the stretching length of the elastic telescopic element as La and the maximum stretching length of the elastic telescopic element as Lmax, wherein the protective structure has a structure which enables the protective structure to be broken when La/Lmax = theta, and theta is more than or equal to 50% and less than 100%;

when the groove and the convex part are in an initial contact state, La/Lmax is less than theta; when the measuring head is provided with a convex part, the convex part is arranged on the connecting element;

when the measuring head is provided with the groove, the groove is arranged in the connecting element.

The applicant has found during research that the elastic telescopic elements are easily damaged, so that the elastic telescopic elements need to be replaced frequently, thereby wasting processing time. According to the invention, through the arrangement, when the protection structure is broken, the protection structure can be replaced without damaging the spring. When La/Lmax < theta, the outer wall surface of the projection comes into contact with the inner wall surface of the recess.

In the above technical solution, the connection element includes a first connection portion fixedly connected to the protection structure and a second connection portion connected to the first connection portion through a thread, the probe, the protection structure, the first connection portion and the second connection portion are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the height direction of the detection device, and the fixed connection position of the elastic telescopic element and the probe is located at the second connection portion;

when the measuring head is provided with a convex part, the convex part is arranged on the second connecting part;

when the measuring head is provided with the groove, the groove is arranged in the second connecting part.

According to the invention, through the arrangement, when the protection structure is broken, the first connecting part and the second connecting part can be detached, and only the measuring head main body, the protection structure and the first connecting part need to be replaced, so that the elastic telescopic element cannot be damaged, the structure of the groove or the convex part arranged on the second connecting part cannot be influenced, and the cost is saved.

In the above technical solution, the cross-sectional area of the protection structure is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the probe body and smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first connection portion.

In the above technical solution, the detection device further includes an electric storage element, the base is provided with an accommodating cavity, one side of the accommodating cavity close to the probe has a concave opening to form the groove formed in the base, and the convex portion extending into the groove is located on one side of the probe close to the base;

the conductive indicating device and the electric storage element are accommodated in the accommodating cavity, the cover is arranged at the lower end of the lower portion of the accommodating cavity, and the measuring head, the elastic telescopic element, the conductive indicating device, the electric storage element, the cover and the base are sequentially and electrically connected, or the measuring head, the elastic telescopic element, the electric storage element, the conductive indicating device, the cover and the base are sequentially and electrically connected.

In the above technical solution, the elastic telescopic element is a spring;

the accommodating cavity is internally provided with a first electric insulation partition plate and a second electric insulation partition plate, the conductive indicating device is accommodated in a cavity defined by the base, the first electric insulation partition plate and the second electric insulation partition plate, and the electric storage element is accommodated in a cavity defined by the base, the second electric insulation partition plate and the cover;

one end of the spring is fixedly connected with the first electric insulation partition plate, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected with the measuring head through a screw;

one electric connection end of the electric storage element is fixed on the second electric insulation partition plate, and the other electric connection end of the electric storage element is in contact with the cover part;

two electric connection ends of the conductive indicating device respectively penetrate through the first electric insulation partition plate and the second electric insulation partition plate, so that the two electric connection ends are correspondingly and electrically connected with one end of the spring and one electric connection end of the electric storage element respectively.

In the above technical scheme, the conductive indicating device is a conductive sounding device; and/or

The conductive indicating device is an indicating lamp, a visual window is arranged on the side wall of the base, and the visual window is located at a position corresponding to the indicating lamp. Through setting up visual window to the convenience is observed the pilot lamp.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive labor.

FIG. 1 is a tool detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2(a) is a schematic view of the first three-dimensional structure of the detected tool rotating around the second three-dimensional structure of the detection device when the first three-dimensional structure of the detected tool is a cylinder in the tool detection method according to the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 2(b) is a schematic view of the first three-dimensional structure of the detected tool rotating around the second three-dimensional structure of the detection device when the first three-dimensional structure of the detected tool is a circular truncated cone in the tool detection method according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2(c) is a schematic diagram of the tool to be detected in the tool detecting method according to the embodiment of the invention during translation;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a detecting unit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view A-A of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the probe of fig. 3;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the probe body and the first connecting portion in fig. 3;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the base, the cover, and the electric storage element shown in FIG. 3;

fig. 8 is an enlarged view of a part of the structure of the connecting portion and the base when the stylus according to the first embodiment of the present invention is not swung;

fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a part of the structure of the base and the connecting portion when the stylus is brought into contact with the base after the stylus swings according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is an enlarged view of a part of the structure of the second connection portion provided with the electrical insulating portion according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11(a) is a simplified schematic diagram of the connecting portion and the base when the probe is not swung according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11(b) is a simplified schematic diagram of the connecting portion and the base when the probe is not swung according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11(c) is a simplified schematic diagram of the connecting portion and the base when the probe according to the third embodiment of the present invention is not swung;

fig. 11(d) is a simplified schematic diagram of the connecting portion and the base when the stylus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is not swung.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

As shown in fig. 1, 2(a), and 2(b), the present invention provides a tool detection method for numerical control machining, where a first three-dimensional structure with a circular cross section is provided on a tool, an axis of the first three-dimensional structure of the tool coincides with an axis of the tool, and defines a machine coordinate system, a Z axis is parallel to a vertical direction, an X axis and a Y axis are located on a horizontal plane and are perpendicular to each other, and the vertical direction is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and a detection device is further installed on the machine, where the detection device includes a base 4, a measurement head 20 located at an upper end of the base 4, and a conductive indication device fixedly disposed in the base 4 or the measurement head 20, and when a detected tool 40 abuts against the measurement head 20, the conductive indication device gives an indication;

a second three-dimensional structure with the same shape as the first three-dimensional structure is arranged on the measuring head 20, the axis of the second three-dimensional structure is overlapped with the axis of the detection device, and the axis of the first three-dimensional structure and the axis of the second three-dimensional structure are both parallel to the Z axis of the machine tool coordinate system;

the method comprises the following steps:

step (a 1): calling the detected tool 40 on a machine tool control platform, and inputting coordinates (X0, Y0, Z0) of a program origin of a workpiece coordinate system of the detected tool 40 in a machine tool coordinate system, wherein an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of the workpiece coordinate system are respectively parallel to an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of the machine tool coordinate system;

a step (B1) of adjusting the position of the detected tool 40 so that the coordinate of the upper end face of the detected tool 40 on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system is z1+ △ z1, z1 is the coordinate of the upper end face of the detected tool 40 on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system when the detected tool 40 is at the starting point, △ z1 is the difference between the coordinate of the first height position and the coordinate of the second height position on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, the second height position is the height position of the upper end face of the correct tool at the starting point, the first height position satisfies the condition that when the upper end face of the correct tool is at the first height position, the vertical distance between the upper end face of the second three-dimensional structure and the plane where the machine tool table is located is greater than the vertical distance between the lower end face of the first three-dimensional structure of the correct tool and the plane where the machine tool table is located, and the vertical distance between the lower end face of the second three-dimensional structure and the plane where the machine table is located is less than the vertical distance between the upper end face of the first three-dimensional structure and the plane where the machine table is located (i.e.e. when the upper end face of the correct tool is located at the first height position, the absolute height of the second three-;

step (C1) rotating the detected cutter 40 with coordinates (x1+ △ x1, y1+ △ y1) in a workpiece coordinate system as a center and radius r1+ r2+ m, if the conductive indicating device gives an indication, jumping to step (E1), if the conductive indicating device does not give an indication, jumping to step (D1), wherein x1 and y1 are coordinates of an axis of the detected cutter 40 on an x axis and a y axis of the workpiece coordinate system when the detected cutter 40 is at a starting point, m is greater than 0, m is determined by the machining precision of the cut by the cutter, △ x1 and △ y1 are differences between coordinates of an axis of the detecting device and an axis of a correct cutter on the x axis and the y axis of the workpiece coordinate system when the correct cutter is at the starting point, if the first three-dimensional structure and the second three-dimensional structure are both cylinders, r2 and r1 are radii of the second three-dimensional structure, a radius of the first three-dimensional cone structure, and a radius of the same cone 1, if the first three-dimensional structure is located on a circular cone end surface of the same plane, and a circular cone 1, a circular cone structure is located on a circular cone structure;

a step (D1) of rotating the detected cutter 40 by taking the coordinates (x1+ △ x1, y1+ △ y1) in the workpiece coordinate system as the center of a circle and the radius is r1+ r2-m, if the conductive indicating device does not give an indication, the step (E1) is skipped, if the conductive indicating device gives an indication, the detection result of the detected cutter 40 is correct, the coordinates (x0, y0, z0) are correct, and the program is ended;

step (E1): checking whether the coordinates (x0, y0, z0) are input correctly, checking whether the called detected tool 40 is a correct tool, and if the check result is an error, performing correction and jumping to the step (B1).

The stylus body 201 may comprise a cylinder only, a truncated cone only, a cone only, or any combination of a cylinder, a truncated cone, and a cone.

As shown in fig. 2(a), the first three-dimensional structure and the second three-dimensional structure are both cylinders, that is, the first three-dimensional structure is a first cylinder 401, and the second three-dimensional structure is a second cylinder 2001, that is, the first cylinder 401 of the detected tool is detected.

As shown in fig. 2(b), the first three-dimensional structure and the second three-dimensional structure are circular truncated cones, that is, the first three-dimensional structure is a first circular truncated cone 402, and the second three-dimensional structure is a second circular truncated cone 2002, that is, the first circular truncated cone 402 of the detected tool is detected.

The second three-dimensional structure is located above the gauge head 20. The height dimension of the second three-dimensional structure, the position of the second three-dimensional structure in a machine tool coordinate system and the shape parameter of the second three-dimensional structure are all known parameters;

for example, if the first three-dimensional structure is a circular cylinder, the radius r1 of the circular cylinder and the height of the circular cylinder are all known parameters, if the first three-dimensional structure is a circular truncated cone, the radius of the upper surface of the circular truncated cone, the radius of the lower surface of the circular truncated cone, the height of the circular truncated cone and the cone angle of the conical surface of the circular truncated cone are all known parameters, and if the first three-dimensional structure is a circular cone, the radius of the bottom surface of the circular cone, the height of the circular cone and the cone angle of the conical surface are all straight parameters, x1, △ x1, y1, △ y1, z1 and △ z1 are all known parameters, and can be obtained by performing tool setting on a correct tool, and a person skilled.

The coordinate of the upper end face of the detected tool 40 on the Z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system is Z1+ △ Z1, that is, the coordinate of the upper end face of the detected tool 40 on the Z-axis of the machine coordinate system is Z0+ Z1+ △ Z1, since Z1+ △ Z1 is a determined value, but since the coordinate (x0, y0, Z0) of the program origin of the workpiece coordinate system of the detected tool 40 manually input in the machine coordinate system may be wrong, the coordinate of the upper end face of the detected tool 40 on the Z-axis of the machine coordinate system may not be Z0+ Z1+ △ Z1, and thus a regulation mistake may occur.

When the detected tool 40 is rotated around the coordinates (x1+ △ x1, y1+ △ y1) in the workpiece coordinate system and the radius is r1+ r2+ m, the coordinates of the center of rotation of the detected tool 40 in the machine coordinate system should be (x0+ x1+ △ x1, y0+ y1+ △ y1), and the circle may not be (x0+ x1+ △ x1, y0+ y1+ △ y1) due to the possibility of errors in manual input of x0, y0, so that the detected tool 40 may collide with the measuring head 20.

If the detected cutter is the correct cutter, the r1 value of the detected cutter is correct, if the x0 and the y0 are correctly arranged, when the detected cutter rotates with the radius of r1+ r2+ m, the distance between the first three-dimensional structure and the second three-dimensional structure is m, so the detected cutter and the second three-dimensional structure cannot collide, and the conductive indicating device cannot give an indication.

If the detected cutter is the correct cutter, the r1 value of the detected cutter is correct, if the x0 and the y0 are correctly arranged, when the detected cutter rotates with the radius of r1+ r2-m, the distance between the first three-dimensional structure and the second three-dimensional structure is-m, namely the first three-dimensional structure and the second three-dimensional structure collide, and the conductive indicating device gives an indication.

In the above technical scheme, the rotation of the detected cutter 40 is a uniform rotation;

in the step (C1), if the conductive indicating device gives an indication multiple times and regularly in the process of one rotation of the detected cutter 40, it is determined that the installed detected cutter 40 is an error cutter;

in the step (C1), if the conductive indicating device indicates once or the probe 20 is broken after the conductive indicating device indicates once during the detected tool 40 rotates once, it is determined that the input coordinates (x0, y0, z0) are erroneous coordinates.

If in the step (C1), the conductive indicating device indicates that the first three-dimensional structure of the detected tool 40 continuously touches the second three-dimensional structure while rotating around the second three-dimensional structure, if the conductive indicating device indicates that the conductive indicating device continuously touches the second three-dimensional structure multiple times and regularly during one rotation of the detected tool 40.

In the present invention, the tool 40 to be tested is mounted on the shank of the machine tool, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2(c), the present invention further provides a tool detection method for numerical control machining, where the tool has a lower end surface parallel to a horizontal plane, the detection device includes a base 4, a measuring head 20 located at an upper end of the base 4, and a conductive indicating device fixedly disposed in the base 4 or the measuring head 20, and when the detected tool 40 abuts against the measuring head 20, the conductive indicating device gives an indication;

the measuring head 20 is provided with an upper end surface parallel to a horizontal plane, and the axis of the measuring head 20 and the axis of the detected cutter 40 are both parallel to the Z axis of the machine tool coordinate system;

the method comprises the following steps:

step (a 2): calling the detected tool 40 on the machine tool control platform, and inputting a coordinate Z0 of a program origin of a workpiece coordinate system of the detected tool 40 on a Z axis of a machine tool coordinate system and a length compensation value com _ Z of the detected tool 40;

a step (B2) of adjusting the position of the detected tool 40 so that the coordinate of the lower end face of the detected tool 40 on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system is z2+ △ z2+ com _ z + m, after the position of the detected tool 40 is adjusted, the detected tool 40 is made to translate in a direction parallel to the extending direction of the upper end face of the measuring head 20, if the conductive indicating device indicates, the step (D2) is skipped, and if the conductive indicating device does not indicate, the step (C2) is skipped, wherein z2 is the coordinate of the lower end face of the detected tool 40 on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system when the detected tool 40 is at the starting point, △ z2 is the difference between the coordinate of the third height position and the coordinate of the fourth height position on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, the fourth height position is the height position where the upper end face of the correct tool is located when the reference tool is at the starting point, and the third height position satisfies the condition that when the upper end face of the reference tool is located on the third height position, the same horizontal plane as the upper end face of the measuring head;

step (C2) of adjusting the position of the detected cutter 40 to ensure that the coordinate of the lower end face of the detected cutter 40 on the z axis of the workpiece coordinate system is z2+ △ z2+ com _ z-m, after the position of the detected cutter 40 is adjusted, the detected cutter 40 is enabled to translate in the direction parallel to the extending direction of the upper end face of the measuring head 20, if the conductive indicating device does not give an indication, the step (D2) is skipped, if the conductive indicating device gives an indication, the detection result of the detected cutter 40 is correct, and the input of the length compensation value com _ z and the coordinate z0 is correct, and the program is ended;

step (D2): checking whether the coordinate z0 and the length compensation value com _ z are correctly input, checking whether the called detected tool 40 is a correct tool, and if the checking result is wrong, correcting and jumping to the step (B2).

The coordinate of the lower end face of the detected tool 40 on the Z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system is Z2+ △ Z2+ com _ Z + m, that is, the coordinate of the lower end face of the detected tool 40 on the Z-axis of the machine coordinate system is Z0+ Z2+ △ Z2+ com _ Z + m, where Z0 and com _ Z are manually input, and there is a possibility of error, so that the coordinate of the lower end face of the detected tool 40 on the Z-axis of the machine coordinate system is not Z0+ Z2+ △ Z2+ com _ Z + m.z 2, and △ Z2 are all known values, and can be determined by performing a tool setting process and the like on a correct tool (or a reference tool), which can be understood by those skilled in the art.

If the values of z0 and com _ z are both correct and the detected tool is a correct tool, when the coordinate of the lower end surface of the detected tool 40 on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system is z2+ △ z2+ com _ z + m, the distance between the lower end surface of the detected tool 40 and the upper end surface of the measuring head 20 should be m, that is, the two should not touch, and the conductive indicating device should not give an indication.

If the values of z0 and com _ z are both correct and the detected tool is a correct tool, when the coordinate of the lower end surface of the detected tool 40 on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system is z2+ △ z2+ com _ z-m, the distance between the lower end surface of the detected tool 40 and the upper end surface of the measuring head 20 should be-m, that is, the two should touch, and the conductive indicating device should give an indication.

In the technical scheme, the value ranges of m are [0.05mm, 0.15mm ].

As shown in fig. 3, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the detecting device used in the numerical control machining includes a base 4 fixedly disposed, a measuring head 20 located at an upper end of the base 4, and an elastic telescopic element 30, wherein two ends of the elastic telescopic element 30 are respectively and fixedly connected with the base 4 and the measuring head 20.

As shown in fig. 5-10 and fig. 11(a), in the first embodiment, the base 4 is provided with a groove 200, and the probe 20 has a protrusion 100 extending into the groove 200; an electric insulation part 3 is arranged between the groove 200 and the convex part 100, the electric insulation part 3 is uniformly distributed around the periphery of the outer wall surface of the convex part 100, the electric insulation part 3 is installed on the outer wall surface of the convex part 100, and the electric insulation part 3 is in surface contact with the outer wall surface of the convex part 100 and in line contact with the inner wall surface of the groove 200. Alternatively, the electrical insulating part 3 is a ring-shaped structure uniformly distributed around the outer wall surface of the protrusion 100.

The portion of the inner wall surface of the groove 200 located outside the position where the electrical insulating part 3 contacts the inner wall surface of the groove 200 is provided opposite the portion of the outer wall surface of the protrusion 100 located outside the position where the electrical insulating part 3 contacts the outer wall surface of the protrusion 100. That is, the contact position of the electrical insulating portion 3 with the outer wall surface of the protrusion 100 is defined as a first position, and the contact position of the electrical insulating portion 3 with the inner wall surface of the groove 200 is defined as a second position; defining the first portion as a portion away from the central axis of the projection 100 and away from the outer wall surface of the projection 100 of the electrical insulation 3; defining the second portion as a portion of the inner wall surface of the groove 200 away from the center axis of the groove 200 and away from the electrical insulating part 3; the first portion and the second portion are arranged oppositely and are not provided with the electric insulation part.

When the tool 40 to be detected abuts against the stylus 20, the stylus 20 is swingable with respect to the base 4, and the groove 200 is brought into contact with the projection 100 by the swinging. The base 4, the measuring head 20 and the elastic telescopic element 30 are all conductors. In the present invention, the detection target tool 40 abuts on the probe 20, which means that pressure is applied to the probe 20 when the detection target tool 40 contacts the probe 20.

The detection device further comprises a conductive indication means for indicating when the groove 200 is in contact with the protrusion 100, the conductive indication means being provided in the base 4. A conductive indicating means may also be provided in the stylus 20.

When the stylus 20 is not swung, the insulation between the groove 200 and the protrusion 100 is achieved by the electrical insulation portion 3. The stylus 20 swings so that the position of the groove 200 where the electrical insulation part 3 is not provided comes into contact with the position of the protrusion 100 where the electrical insulation part 3 is not provided.

Alternatively, the outer wall surface of protrusion 100 and the inner wall surface of recess 200 may be tapered, and taper angle α of the outer wall surface of protrusion 100 may be greater or less than taper angle β of the outer wall surface of recess 200.

The inner wall surface of the recess 200, the electrical insulating portion 3, and the inner wall surface of the protrusion 100 are sequentially in contact with each other, and the base 4 supports the probe 20 through the electrical insulating portion 3.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 10, the gauge head 20 includes a gauge head main body 201, a protection structure 60 fixedly connected to the gauge head main body 201, a first connection portion 21 fixedly connected to the protection structure 60, and a second connection portion 22 connected to the first connection portion 21 by a thread, and the gauge head, the protection structure 60, the first connection portion 21, and the second connection portion 22 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in a height direction of the detection device;

defining the stretching length of the elastic telescopic element 30 as La and the maximum stretching length of the elastic telescopic element 30 as Lmax, wherein the protective structure 60 has a structure which enables the protective structure 60 to break when La/Lmax = theta, theta is a proportional reference value, and theta is more than or equal to 50% and less than 100%;

La/Lmax < theta when the groove 200 and the projection 100 are in the initial contact state; when the probe 20 has the convex portion 100, the convex portion 100 is disposed on the second connecting portion 22;

when the measuring head 20 is provided with the groove 200, the groove 200 is provided in the second connecting portion 22.

In the present application, La/Lmax is the ratio of La to Lmax. Theta is a known preset value, and the value range of theta is more than or equal to 50% and less than 100%.

For example, when elastic telescoping element 30 is stretched to a position 2/3 of the maximum stretch position, i.e., θ =2/3, protective structure 60 is broken. And when theta < 2/3, the outer wall surface of the projection 100 is already in contact with the outer wall surface of the groove 200.

As shown in fig. 11(a), the outer wall surface of the projection 100 and the inner wall surface of the groove 200 are tapered surfaces, and the taper angle α of the outer wall surface of the projection 100 is larger than the taper angle β of the outer wall surface of the groove 200.

In the first embodiment, the stylus body 201 includes a circular truncated cone structure and a cylindrical structure located below the circular truncated cone structure. The shape of the stylus body 201 may be set according to the shape of the tool to be actually detected. For example, if the stylus body 201 includes a cylindrical structure, the detection device may detect the position of the cylindrical structure provided on the tool. If the stylus body 201 includes a circular truncated cone structure, the detection device can detect the position of the circular truncated cone structure provided on the tool, and a person skilled in the art can understand how to set the shape of the stylus body 201.

Alternatively, the cross-sectional area of the protection structure 60 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the probe body 201 and smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first connecting portion 21. The protective structure 60 may be a neck.

As shown in fig. 3 and 7, in the first embodiment, the detection device further includes an electric storage element 6, the base 4 is provided with a receiving cavity, the receiving cavity near the probe 20 has a groove shape to form a groove 200 opened on the base 4, and the probe 20 side near the base 4 has a protrusion 100 extending into the groove 200;

the conductive indicating device and the electric storage element 6 are accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and a cover part 5 is arranged at the lower end of the electric storage element 6. In the first embodiment, the probe 20, the elastic expansion element 30, the conduction indicating device, the electric storage element 6, the cover 5, and the base 4 may be electrically connected in this order, or the probe 20, the elastic expansion element 30, the electric storage element 6, the conduction indicating device, the cover 5, and the base 4 may be electrically connected in this order. The electric connection end of the conductive indicating device and the electric connection end of the electric storage element 6 are not directly and electrically connected with the base 4.

The electric storage element 6 may be provided in the base 4 or may be provided in the probe 20.

In a first embodiment, as shown in fig. 6-8, the elastic expansion element 30 may be a spring,

the accommodating cavity is internally provided with a first electric insulation partition plate 41 and a second electric insulation partition plate 42, the conductive indicating device is accommodated in a cavity surrounded by the base 4, the first electric insulation partition plate 41 and the second electric insulation partition plate 42, and the electric storage element 6 is accommodated in a cavity surrounded by the base 4, the second electric insulation partition plate 42 and the cover 5;

one end of the spring is fixedly connected with the first electric insulation partition plate 41 and the screw 8, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected with the measuring head 20 through the screw 8, so that the other end of the spring, the screw 8 and the measuring head 20 are electrically connected in sequence;

one electrical connection end of the electric storage element 6 is fixed to the second electrically insulating partition plate 42, and the other electrical connection end is in contact with the cover 5;

two electrical connection ends of the conductive indicating device respectively penetrate through the first electrical insulation partition plate 41 and the second electrical insulation partition plate 42, so that the two electrical connection ends are respectively and correspondingly electrically connected with one end of the spring and one electrical connection end of the electric storage element 6. The electrical storage element 6 may be a battery or a super capacitor.

As shown in fig. 4, in the first embodiment, a visible window 43 is formed on a side wall of the base 4, and the visible window 43 is located at a position corresponding to the conductive indicating device.

Optionally, the conductive indicating device is a conductive sounding device and/or an indicator light.

In the present embodiment, the thickness of the electrical insulating part 3 is optionally 0.1mm to 0.2mm, and the electrical insulating part 3 is attached to the outer wall surface of the convex part 100. Alternatively, the electrical insulating part 3 is a ring-shaped structure uniformly distributed around the outer wall surface of the protrusion 100. Alternatively, the surface area of the electrically insulating part 3 in contact with the outer wall surface of the projection 100 is less than 10% of the surface area of the outer wall surface of the projection 100. The electrical insulation portion 3 may be an insulation portion made of an insulation material, such as an insulation coating.

In the invention, the conductive sounding device can select an active buzzer. The indicator light can be an LED signal light. The cover part 5 can be selectively covered on a knurled cover arranged at the lower part of the accommodating cavity, the electric storage element 6 can be selected from batteries, the electric insulating part 3 can be selected from an insulating coating, and the elastic telescopic element 30 can be selected from a spring. The detection device of the invention comprises eight functional elements, namely a first connecting part 21 (with the selectable diameter phi 50f 7), a second connecting part 22 (with the selectable diameter phi 50f 7), an insulating coating, a base 4 (with the selectable diameter phi 50f7 and made of conductive metal materials), a knurled cover, a battery, a spring and a screw 8. The first connecting portion 21 can be connected with the second connecting portion 2 through threads, one end of the second connecting portion 22 locks one end of the spring 7 through the screw 8, the other end of the second connecting portion 22 is partially attached to the inner conical surface of the groove 200 of the base 4, and the spring 7 is connected with the base 4 through the pulling force of the spring 7 into a whole. The knurled cover 5 is arranged at the other end of the base 4 to limit the position of the built-in battery, and an active buzzer and an LED signal lamp are arranged on the positive electrode side of the battery in parallel and are communicated with the other end of the spring 7. An insulating coating with the thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm and the area less than 10% of the conical surface of the convex part 100 is arranged at the matching position of the conical surfaces of the convex part 100 of the second connecting part 22 and the groove 200 of the base 4 at intervals (the conical angle of the conical surface of the convex part 10022 is slightly larger than that of the conical surface in the groove 200, and a circle of concentric circles at the outer side of the large end of the conical surface is not provided with the insulating coating). The insulating coating is tightly adhered to the outer conical surface of the convex part, and has good insulating property and wear resistance. The active buzzer and the LED signal lamp are connected in parallel in a circuit, a contact at one end is fixed at a welding point of the steel wire spring, the circuit at the other end is directly welded on a positive electrode contact of the battery, and the contact is embedded in the hard insulating material and is fixed in the base 4 together with the hard insulating material. Wherein, the active buzzer and the LED signal lamp are arranged at the window position of the base 4 (the window structure is shown in figure 4, A-A section view), when the circuit forms a closed loop, the device triggers the acousto-optic element to realize the alarm function. The detection device of the invention is arranged on a machine tool workbench. The actual mounting position of the detection device can be determined by the person skilled in the art by the detection of the tool as required, as will be appreciated by the person skilled in the art.

Normally, the error-proofing probe 2 and the base 4 are disconnected by the insulating coating.

The detection device of the invention relies on a contact type error-proof technology. The circuit part of the invention mainly comprises an electric storage element 6, a base 4 (a corresponding part of conducting wire), a spring (a corresponding part of conducting wire), an active buzzer, an LED signal lamp and a swingable mistake-proofing measuring head. When the detection device works, according to the fact that the cutter and the acousto-optic error prevention device cooperatively execute preset mechanical movement, once the cutter touches the measuring head main body 201, the whole measuring head 20 is caused to swing, the uninsulated part outer conical surface of the convex part 100 is in linear contact with the inner conical surface of the groove 200 of the base 4, a closed circuit system of 'rolling flower cover → battery → active buzzer and LED signal lamp → spring → measuring head 20 → base 4 → rolling flower cover' is switched on, and the active buzzer can be triggered to emit buzzing sound and the LED signal lamp is in red warning. In order to prevent the deflection tension of the measuring head 20 from instantaneously exceeding the maximum critical value of the spring wire. The probe 20 is provided with a protective structure between the probe body 201 and the first connecting portion 21, so that an annular groove structure is formed between the probe body 201 and the first connecting portion, and the annular groove structure is a weak point for artificial design. When the tension of the spring steel wire reaches the critical value of 2/3, the measuring head 20 is subjected to rigid fracture at the thin neck of the annular groove first, so that the overload protection function is realized. When the probe 20 is physically damaged or severely worn, the probe can be continuously used only by replacing a new functional component.

The base 4 and the measuring head 20 can generate slight deflection relatively when being stressed, and the convex part 100 contacts with the non-insulation part (namely the position without the electric insulation part 3) of the groove 200 to form a current loop during deflection, so that the active buzzer can be triggered to emit a buzzing sound, and the LED signal lamp is in a red warning. The base 4 and the lid 5 are made of conductive metal.

In practical application, the detection device can be placed at a certain position according to actual needs, the cutter can be operated to perform preset movement, and whether the position of the cutter is wrong or not is determined according to whether the conductive indicating device gives an indication or not. The position where the detection device is placed and the movement performed by the tool are determined according to the actual tool to be detected and the actual machining, and the arrangement can be understood by those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 11(b), the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: in the second embodiment, the electrical insulating portion 3 is attached to the inner wall surface of the recess 200, and the electrical insulating portion 3 is in surface contact with the inner wall surface of the recess 200 and in line contact with the outer wall surface of the protrusion 100. The electrically insulating portion 3 may be an annular structure evenly distributed around the inner wall surface of the recess 200. Optionally, the thickness of the electrical insulation part 3 is 0.1mm-0.2 mm. Optionally, the electrical insulating part 3 is an annular structure uniformly distributed around the inner wall surface of the groove 200, and the surface area of the electrical insulating part 3 contacting the inner wall surface of the groove 200 is less than 10% of the surface area of the outer wall surface of the groove 200. In addition to the above differences, the structure of the detection device of the second embodiment can be referred to the first embodiment.

As shown in fig. 11(c), the third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: in the third embodiment, the probe 20 is provided with a groove 200, the base 4 is provided with a projection 100 extending into the groove 200, and the electrical insulating section 3 is attached to the outer wall surface of the projection 100. In the present embodiment, the thickness of the electrical insulating portion 3 may be 0.1mm to 0.2 mm. Alternatively, the electrical insulating part 3 is a ring-shaped structure uniformly distributed around the outer wall surface of the protrusion 100. Alternatively, the surface area of the electrically insulating part 3 in contact with the outer wall surface of the projection 100 is less than 10% of the surface area of the outer wall surface of the projection 100. In addition to the above differences, the structure of the detecting unit of the third embodiment can be referred to the first embodiment.

As shown in fig. 11(d), the fourth embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: in the fourth embodiment, the probe 20 is provided with a groove 200 and the base 4 is provided with a convex part 100 extending into the groove 200; an electric insulating part 3 is arranged between the groove 200 and the convex part 100, the electric insulating part 3 is arranged on the inner wall surface of the groove 200, and the electric insulating part 3 is in surface contact with the inner wall surface of the groove 200 and in line contact with the outer wall surface of the convex part 100. Alternatively, the electrical insulating portion 3 is an annular structure uniformly distributed around the inner wall surface of the groove 200. In the present embodiment, the thickness of the electrical insulating portion 3 may be 0.1mm to 0.2 mm. Alternatively, the surface area of the electrically insulating part 3 in contact with the inner wall surface of the recess 200 is less than 10% of the surface area of the outer wall surface of the recess 200. In addition to the above differences, the structure of the detecting unit of the fourth embodiment can be referred to the first embodiment.

The second three-dimensional structure is disposed on the probe main body 201.

The tool holder 50 is held on the machine tool, so that the tool 40 can realize rotation, translation and other movements.

The detection device of the invention responds cooperatively with the preset movement to trigger the conductive indicating device to send out an indication, thereby realizing error prevention, such as executing a subprogram detection command according to a preset track before the numerical control machining of the cutter, judging and identifying the correctness of information such as program origin, cutter diameter, root R, Z value input and the like.

And (3) sequentially calling the cutter around the acousto-optic error prevention device by the machine tool according to a preset instruction to perform mechanical detection, wherein the specific flow is shown in figure 4.

The mechanical detection of the detection device in the application comprises two detection links of deviation and overcutting, each link comprises three detection motions, the motion is preset through cutter execution, and information such as program original points, cutter diameters, root R and Z value input is detected and identified. The two detection links have three similar detection motions, and only the cutter code parameter settings in the deviation and over-cut detection links are different. As shown in fig. 1, the tool is error-alerted at least three times in three detected movements, and at least one error-alert occurs for each movement. When the offset is larger than zero, the tool is a deviation detection link, and the tool always keeps a certain distance from the measuring head main body 201 of the detection device in three detection motions, so that the detection device cannot deflect due to external force to trigger sound and light error identification signals. To avoid the false "over-cut" signal that may be generated if the offset is zero, the offset may be set to a value less than zero, similar to the over-cut "collision" detection in numerical control simulation, and the tool may trigger three audible and visual errors to alert at least one error per motion. The acousto-optic error-proof technology is that the correctness and the validity of information such as program origin, cutter parameters and the like before processing are judged by means of the motion response of a cutter and an acousto-optic error-proof device in two detection links of deviation and over-cutting, and the table 1 shows the correctness and the validity of the information.

The detecting motion is specifically operative to:

detection movement 1, 4: the cutter rotates for a circle around the outer circle of the overload prevention measuring head of the error-proofing device, as shown in fig. 2 (a);

detection motion 2, 5: in fig. 5, the cutter rotates around the 45-degree chamfer surface of the overload prevention measuring head for a circle, as shown in fig. 2 (b);

detection movement 3, 6: the tool is translated once along the overload prevention probe end face, fig. 5 right, as shown in fig. 2 (c).

TABLE 1 Effect of mechanical testing movement mapping

Serial number	Purpose of detection
		Detecting motion
1, 4	Detecting whether the program origin and the cutter parameters are correct, whether the cutter is called and whether the cutter is installed wrongly
		Detecting motion 2, 5	Detecting whether the R value of the root of the cutter is correct
Detecting motion 3, 6	Detecting whether the Z value input of the cutter is correct

Before numerical control machining, 6 mechanical motions of deviation and over-cutting detection links are executed on each called cutter through a preset program segment, and finally an error prevention technology before machining is realized.

If the deviation detection movement is called, collision occurs in steps 1 and 4, the cutter is regularly subjected to sound-light alarm for a plurality of times in a circle, and if the deviation detection movement is called once or the overload prevention measuring head is damaged, the program origin point is wrong.

In fig. 2(b), the rounded portion of the end face of the tool is the root portion R of the tool. The deviation means that the tool always has a slight distance from the detection head when the tool performs three detection movements, and the over-cutting means that the tool extrudes the detection device when the tool performs three detection movements. An offset of zero indicates that the tool is always tangent when moving around the device. In the present invention, mutual verification by deviation and over-cut detection ensures that the error recognition is correct.

The machine control platform is of conventional construction and the skilled person knows how to operate and how to operate on the machine control panel. The prior art tools typically have a cylindrical or partially cylindrical configuration, and the axis of the tool in this application is the axis of the cylinder. In the present application, the parameters are input at the machine tool control platform, i.e. represent operations on the machine tool control panel.

How to set the tool length compensation is also well known to the person skilled in the art and reference can be made to the literature of the prior art.

It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are all described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention should be covered by the present patent. After reading this disclosure, modifications of various equivalent forms of the present invention by those skilled in the art will fall within the scope of the present application, as defined in the appended claims. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims

1. A cutter detection method for numerical control machining is characterized in that a first three-dimensional structure with a circular cross section is arranged on a cutter, the axis of the first three-dimensional structure of the cutter coincides with the axis of the cutter, a machine tool coordinate system is defined, a Z axis is parallel to a vertical direction, an X axis and a Y axis are located on a horizontal plane and are perpendicular to each other, and the vertical direction is perpendicular to the horizontal plane;

a second three-dimensional structure with the same shape as the first three-dimensional structure is arranged on the measuring head (20), the axis of the second three-dimensional structure is overlapped with the axis of the detection device, and the axis of the first three-dimensional structure and the axis of the second three-dimensional structure are both parallel to the Z axis of a machine tool coordinate system;

the method comprises the following steps:

step (a 1): calling a detected tool (40) on a machine tool control platform, and inputting coordinates (X0, Y0, Z0) of a program origin of a workpiece coordinate system of the detected tool (40) in a machine tool coordinate system, wherein an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of the workpiece coordinate system are respectively parallel to an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of the machine tool coordinate system;

step (B1) of adjusting the position of the detected tool (40) so that the coordinate of the upper end face of the detected tool (40) on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system is z1+ △ z1, z1 is the coordinate of the upper end face of the detected tool (40) on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system when the detected tool (40) is at the starting point, △ z1 is the difference between the coordinate of the first height position and the coordinate of the second height position on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, the second height position is the height position of the upper end face of the correct tool when the correct tool is at the starting point, the first height position satisfies the condition that when the upper end face of the correct tool is at the first height position, the vertical distance between the upper end face of the second three-dimensional structure and the plane where the machine tool worktable is located is greater than the vertical distance between the lower end face of the first three-dimensional structure of the correct tool and the plane where the machine tool worktable is located, and the vertical distance between the lower end face of the second three-dimensional structure and the plane where the;

step (C1) of rotating the detected cutter (40) with the coordinates (x1+ △ x1, y1+ △ y1) in the workpiece coordinate system as the center and the radius r1+ r2+ m, if the conductive indicating device indicates, jumping to step (E1), if the conductive indicating device does not indicate, jumping to step (D1), wherein x1 and y1 are the coordinates of the detected cutter (40) on the x axis and the y axis of the workpiece coordinate system when the detected cutter (40) is at the starting point, m is a preset adjusting distance, m > 0, and m is determined by the machining precision of the cut by the cutter, △ x1 and △ y1 are the difference between the axes of the detecting device and the correct cutter when the starting point, and the coordinates of the x axis and the y axis of the correct cutter on the x axis and the y axis of the workpiece coordinate system, if the first three-dimensional structure and the second three-dimensional structure are conical surface structures, r2 and r 42 are the same as the first three-dimensional structure, and r2 is the same as the cone structures, and the cone structures when the first three-dimensional structures are located on the conical surface structures;

a step (D1) of rotating the detected cutter (40) by taking the coordinates (x1+ △ x1, y1+ △ y1) in the workpiece coordinate system as the center and the radius as r1+ r2-m, if the conductive indicating device does not give an indication, jumping to a step (E1), if the conductive indicating device gives an indication, the detection result of the detected cutter (40) is correct, the coordinates (x0, y0, z0) are correct, and the program is ended;

step (E1): checking whether the coordinates (x0, y0, z0) are input correctly, checking whether the called detected tool (40) is a correct tool, if the checking result is wrong, correcting, and jumping to the step (B1).

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation of the detected tool (40) is a uniform rotation;

in the step (C1), if the conductive indicating device gives an indication multiple times and regularly in the process that the detected cutter (40) rotates for one circle, the installed detected cutter (40) is determined to be an error cutter;

in the step (C1), if the conductive indicating device indicates once or the probe (20) is damaged after the conductive indicating device indicates once during the detected tool (40) rotates for one circle, the input coordinates (x0, y0, z0) are determined to be wrong coordinates.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (B1), the coordinates of the first elevation position in the z-axis of the object coordinate system are determined based on the coordinates of the second three-dimensional structure in the z-axis of the object coordinate system, the elevation dimension of the second three-dimensional structure, the elevation dimension of the first three-dimensional structure of the correct tool, and the elevation position of the first three-dimensional structure of the correct tool in the correct tool.

4. A cutter detection method for numerical control machining is characterized in that the cutter is provided with a lower end face parallel to a horizontal plane, the detection device comprises a base (4), a measuring head (20) positioned at the upper end of the base (4), and a conductive indicating device fixedly arranged in the base (4) or the measuring head (20), and when a detected cutter (40) abuts against the measuring head (20), the conductive indicating device gives an indication;

the measuring head (20) is provided with an upper end surface parallel to a horizontal plane, and the axis of the measuring head (20) and the axis of the detected cutter (40) are parallel to the Z axis of a machine tool coordinate system;

the method comprises the following steps:

step (a 2): calling a detected tool (40) on a machine tool control platform, and inputting a coordinate Z0 of a program origin of a workpiece coordinate system of the detected tool (40) on a Z axis of the machine tool coordinate system and a length compensation value com _ Z of the detected tool (40);

a step (B2) of adjusting the position of the detected tool (40) so that the coordinate of the lower end face of the detected tool (40) on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system is z2+ △ z2+ com _ z + m, after the position of the detected tool (40) is adjusted, the detected tool (40) is made to translate in a direction parallel to the extending direction of the upper end face of the measuring head (20), if the conductive indicating device indicates, the step (D2) is jumped to, if the conductive indicating device does not indicate, the step (C2) is jumped to, wherein z2 is the coordinate of the lower end face of the detected tool (40) on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system when the detected tool (40) is at the starting point, △ z2 is the difference between the coordinate of the third height position and the coordinate of the fourth height position on the z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system, the fourth height position is the height position of the upper end face of the correct tool when the reference tool is at the starting point, and the third height position meets the condition that when the upper end face of the reference tool is on the same horizontal plane as the upper end face of the measuring head (20);

step (C2) of adjusting the position of the detected cutter (40) to ensure that the coordinate of the lower end face of the detected cutter (40) on the z axis of the workpiece coordinate system is z2+ △ z2+ com _ z-m, after the position of the detected cutter (40) is adjusted, the detected cutter (40) is enabled to translate in the direction parallel to the extending direction of the upper end face of the measuring head (20), if the conductive indicating device does not give an instruction, the step (D2) is skipped, if the conductive indicating device gives an instruction, the detection result of the detected cutter (40) is correct, the input of the length compensation value com _ z and the coordinate z0 is correct, and the program is ended;

step (D2): checking whether the coordinate z0 and the length compensation value com _ z are input correctly, checking whether the called detected tool (40) is a correct tool, if the checking result is wrong, correcting, and jumping to the step (B2).

5. The tool detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein m is in a range of [0.05mm, 0.15mm ].

6. The cutter detection method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the detection device further comprises an elastic telescopic element (30), and two ends of the elastic telescopic element (30) are respectively and fixedly connected with the base (4) and the measuring head (20) correspondingly;

the base (4) is provided with a groove (200), the measuring head (20) is provided with a convex part (100) extending into the groove (200), or the measuring head (20) is provided with a groove (200), and the base (4) is provided with a convex part (100) extending into the groove (200);

an electric insulation part (3) is arranged between the groove (200) and the convex part (100), and the electric insulation part (3) is uniformly distributed around the outer periphery of the convex part (100) or uniformly distributed around the inner periphery of the groove (200);

when the detected cutter (40) abuts against the measuring head (20), the measuring head (20) can swing relative to the base (4), and the groove (200) can be in contact with the convex part (100) through swinging, so that the conductive indicating device gives an indication;

the base (4), the measuring head (20) and the elastic telescopic element (30) are all conductors;

preferably, the outer wall surface of the convex part (100) and the inner wall surface of the groove (200) are conical surfaces, and the cone angle α of the outer wall surface of the convex part (100) is larger than or smaller than the cone angle β of the inner wall surface of the groove (200);

preferably, the electrical insulation parts (3) are uniformly distributed around the outer periphery of the convex part (100) and are mounted on the outer wall surface of the convex part (100) and are in line contact with the inner wall surface of the groove (200), or the electrical insulation parts (3) are uniformly distributed around the inner periphery of the groove (200) and are mounted on the inner wall surface of the groove (200) and are in line contact with the outer wall surface of the convex part (100).

7. The tool detection method according to claim 6,

the thickness of the electric insulation part (3) is 0.1mm-0.2mm, the electric insulation part (3) is installed on the outer wall surface of the convex part (100), the electric insulation part (3) is of an annular structure uniformly distributed around the outer wall surface of the convex part (100), and the surface area of the electric insulation part (3) in contact with the outer wall surface of the convex part (100) is less than 10% of the surface area of the outer wall surface of the convex part (100); or

The thickness of the electric insulation part (3) is 0.1mm-0.2mm, the electric insulation part (3) is installed on the inner wall surface of the groove (200), the electric insulation part (3) is of an annular structure uniformly distributed around the inner wall surface of the groove (200), and the surface area of the electric insulation part (3) in contact with the inner wall surface of the groove (200) is less than 10% of the surface area of the outer wall surface of the groove (200).

8. The tool detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that the measuring head (20) comprises a measuring head main body (201), a protection structure (60) fixedly connected with the measuring head main body (201), and a connecting element fixedly connected with the protection structure (60), wherein the measuring head (201), the protection structure (60), and the connecting element are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the height direction of the detection device, and the fixed connection position of the elastic telescopic element (30) and the measuring head (20) is located at the connecting element;

defining a tensile length of the elastically stretchable element (30) as La and a maximum tensile length of the elastically stretchable element (30) as Lmax, the protective structure (60) having a structure such that the protective structure (60) is broken when La/Lmax = theta, 50% ≦ theta < 100%;

La/Lmax < theta when the groove (200) and the convex part (100) are in an initial contact state;

when the probe (20) has a projection (100), the projection (100) is arranged on a connecting element;

when the measuring head (20) is provided with a groove (200), the groove (200) is arranged in the connecting element;

preferably, the connecting element comprises a first connecting part (21) fixedly connected with the protecting structure (60) and a second connecting part (22) in threaded connection with the first connecting part (21), the measuring head (201), the protecting structure (60), the first connecting part (21) and the second connecting part (22) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the height direction of the detecting device, the fixed connecting position of the elastic telescopic element (30) and the measuring head (20) is located on the second connecting part (22), when the measuring head (20) is provided with a convex part (100), the convex part (100) is arranged on the second connecting part (22), and when the measuring head (20) is provided with a groove (200), the groove (200) is arranged in the second connecting part (22);

more preferably, the cross-sectional area of the protective structure (60) is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the probe body (1) and smaller than the cross-sectional area of the first connecting portion (21);

more preferably, the protection structure (60) is detachably connected with the measuring head main body (201).

9. The tool detection method according to claim 6, characterized by further comprising an electric storage element (6), wherein the base (4) is provided with a receiving cavity, one side of the receiving cavity close to the measuring head (20) is provided with a concave opening so as to form the groove (200) formed on the base (4), and the convex part (100) extending into the groove (200) is positioned on one side of the measuring head (20) close to the base (4);

the conductive indicating device and the electric storage element (6) are accommodated in the accommodating cavity, a cover part (5) is arranged at the lower part of the accommodating cavity, and the measuring head (20), the elastic telescopic element (30), the conductive indicating device, the electric storage element (6), the cover part (5) and the base (4) are electrically connected in sequence, or the measuring head (20), the elastic telescopic element (30), the electric storage element (6), the conductive indicating device, the cover part (5) and the base (4) are electrically connected in sequence;

preferably, the elastic telescopic element (30) is a spring, a first electric insulation partition plate (41) and a second electric insulation partition plate (42) are arranged in the accommodating cavity, the electric conduction indicating device is accommodated in a cavity surrounded by the base (4), the first electric insulation partition plate (41) and the second electric insulation partition plate (42), the electric storage element (6) is accommodated in a cavity surrounded by the base (4), the second electric insulation partition plate (42) and the cover (5), one end of the spring is fixedly connected with the first electric insulation partition plate (41), the other end of the spring is fixedly connected with the measuring head (20) through a screw (8), one electric connection end of the electric storage element (6) is fixed on the second electric insulation partition plate (42), the other electric connection end of the electric storage element is in contact with the cover (5), two electric connection ends of the electric conduction indicating device respectively penetrate through the first electric insulation partition plate (41) and the second electric insulation partition plate (42), thereby being electrically connected with one end of the spring and one electric connection end of the electric storage element (6) correspondingly.

10. The tool detection method of claim 6, wherein the conductive indicating device is a conductive sound emitting device; and/or

The conductive indicating device is an indicating lamp, a visible window (43) is formed in the side wall of the base (4), and the visible window (43) is located at the position corresponding to the indicating lamp.