CN110900066B

CN110900066B - Welding method for complex workpiece

Info

Publication number: CN110900066B
Application number: CN201911055237.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张�杰; 王禹健; 余俊; 王光军; 郭林松
Original assignee: Wuhan Institute of Marine Electric Propulsion China Shipbuilding Industry Corp No 712 Institute CSIC
Current assignee: Wuhan Institute of Marine Electric Propulsion China Shipbuilding Industry Corp No 712 Institute CSIC
Priority date: 2019-10-31
Filing date: 2019-10-31
Publication date: 2021-12-21
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-31
Also published as: CN110900066A

Abstract

The invention discloses a welding method of a complex workpiece, which is used for welding a workpiece consisting of a rotating shaft and a plurality of accessory parts connected to the rotating shaft, and firstly installing a bracket, a supporting block and a pressing block of a welding tool; then, placing the workpiece to be welded and the accessory part in a support block and a pressing block to fixedly clamp the workpiece to be welded; then adjusting and fixing the angle of the accessory part of the workpiece by using a positioning plate; then welding the workpiece; and after welding, removing the workpiece from the welding tool. The welding method has the advantages of simple structure, strong adjustability, capability of being quickly disassembled, high precision of welding complex workpieces and the like.

Description

Welding method for complex workpiece

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of welding processing, particularly relates to a welding method, and particularly relates to a method for welding a complex workpiece.

Background

In mechanical transmission, in order to accurately transmit the state of control motion, a cam, a grooved pulley and other components are usually welded on a rotating shaft according to a certain relative angle, and the motion state of the rotating shaft is transmitted to a roller which moves close to the edge of the rotating shaft or a connecting rod which freely moves on the groove surface through the components.

When a plurality of parts are distributed on a rotating shaft at different angles for welding a complex workpiece, the requirements of coaxiality, angles and position accuracy of the complex workpiece can not be met by adopting a conventional welding method.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for welding a complex workpiece, which aims to solve the problem of welding the complex workpiece with high requirements on welding coaxiality, angle and position accuracy.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a method for welding a complex workpiece comprising a shaft and a plurality of auxiliary parts connected to the shaft, comprising the steps of

Step 1, sequentially selecting a support rod, a top plate and a bottom plate with four mounting holes to be welded to form a support, then mounting a support block and the support to form a welding tool, combining a pressing block with the support block to form a round hole coaxial with the shaft diameter, selecting different support blocks and pressing block combinations according to the diameter size of a rotating shaft, clamping the rotating shaft at different shaft diameter positions, and fixing the bottom plate on a welding platform through four bolts;

step 2, placing the workpiece to be welded between the support block and the pressing block, enabling a second reference surface on the rotating shaft to be parallel to a first reference surface on the support block, and then fixing and clamping;

step 3, selecting an upper positioning plate and a lower positioning plate to combine into a positioning plate with a positioning hole with the same inner diameter as the rotating shaft, and forming an angle positioning hole in the upper positioning plate;

step 4, sleeving the accessory part to be welded on the rotating shaft, adjusting the angle of the accessory part of the workpiece through a positioning plate, fixing the accessory part of the workpiece through a positioning pin, and then welding;

and 5, after welding is finished, removing the positioning plate, and removing the workpiece from the welding tool.

Further, in step 1, in order to ensure the stable state of the rotating shaft during welding, the number of the brackets is increased on the premise of not interfering the positioning size of the accessory part according to the length size of the rotating shaft.

Further, in the step 1, the support block and the pressing block are fixedly connected through threads, and the first reference surface is arranged on the upper surface of the support block.

Furthermore, a third datum plane is arranged on the plane of the bottom surface of the upper positioning plate in the step 3, a fourth datum plane is arranged on the axis of the positioning pin and the axis of the mounting hole in the step 4, and when the accessory part is fixed on the positioning plate, the fourth datum plane on the accessory part is adjusted to the required relative workpiece angle beta by taking the third datum plane as an angle reference datum plane and is fixed by the positioning pin.

Further, the welding in step 4 is to perform spot welding on two sides of the accessory part, and then perform full welding after the spot welding is completed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the welding method and the angle adjusting device are all in a mechanical connection mode, are connected, fixed and adjusted through simple threads and pins, and have the advantages of simple structure, strong adjustability, capability of being quickly disassembled, high precision of welding complex workpieces and the like.

The method is simple, convenient and simple to operate, is particularly suitable for welding the complex workpiece with a plurality of parts distributed on the rotating shaft at different angles, is flexible to adjust and wide in application range, can freely increase and decrease the number of tools according to the length of the workpiece, and ensures the stability of the welded workpiece.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a bracket structure of the welding tool;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a combination structure of a support block and a pressing block of the welding tool;

FIG. 4 is a structural view of a positioning plate of the welding tool;

FIG. 5 is a front view of a structure of a work piece to be welded;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of positioning plates according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the workpiece weld orientation.

The figures are numbered: 1-bracket, 11-bottom plate, 12-bracing piece, 13-roof, 2-saddle, 21-first datum plane, 3-briquetting, 4-locating plate, 41-upper locating plate, 411-third datum plane, 42-lower locating plate, 5-pivot, 51-second datum plane, 6-accessory part, 61-fourth datum plane, 7-locating pin.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention are described below by way of specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art of welding complex workpieces from the description herein.

Various details of the present description may also be modified or changed in various respects, all without departing from the spirit of the present invention, based on different perspectives and applications.

The invention provides a method for welding complex workpieces, which is used for welding workpieces consisting of a rotating shaft 5 and a plurality of accessory parts 6 welded on the rotating shaft 5, and comprises the following steps:

step 1: installing a bracket 1, a supporting block 2 and a pressing block 3 of a welding tool;

step 2: placing the workpiece to be welded and the accessory part 6 in the support block 2 and the pressing block 3 to fixedly clamp the workpiece to be welded;

and step 3: the angle of the workpiece accessory part 6 is adjusted and fixed by the positioning plate 4;

and 4, step 4: welding the workpiece 5;

and 5: and after welding, removing the workpiece from the welding tool.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the workpiece is formed by welding a rotating shaft 5 and a plurality of auxiliary members 6 to be welded to the rotating shaft 5, and the plurality of auxiliary members 6 are formed at a specific angle therebetween. The support 1 is an elevated fixed support, the support block 2 and the pressing block 3 are matched to clamp and fix the rotating shaft 5, and the positioning plate 4 controls the welding angle of the workpiece 6 through the positioning pin 7.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the bracket 1 is formed by welding a bottom plate 11, a support rod 12 and a top plate 13, four mounting holes are formed in the bottom plate 11, the bracket 1 is fixed on a welding platform through bolts, and in order to ensure the stable state of the rotating shaft 5 during welding, the number of the brackets 1 is increased or decreased according to the length of the rotating shaft 5 without interfering with the positioning size of the accessory part 6.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the support block 2 and the pressing block 3 are combined to form a circular hole coaxial with the shaft diameter, different combinations of the support block 2 and the pressing block 3 are selected according to the diameter of the rotating shaft 5, and the rotating shaft 5 is clamped at different shaft diameter positions. Two mounting holes are respectively formed in the two ends of the bottom and the two ends of the top of the supporting block 2, the mounting holes in the two ends of the bottom are fixedly connected with the support 1 through bolts, a first reference surface 21 is arranged on the plane where the upper surface of the supporting block 2 is located, two mounting holes matched with the two ends of the top of the supporting block 2 are formed in the two ends of the pressing block 3, and the pressing block 3 is fixedly connected with the supporting block 2 through bolts. The rotating shaft 5 is provided with a second reference surface 51 according to the design requirement, the rotating shaft 5 is fixed on the support block 2, and the first reference surface 21 on the support block 2 is adjusted to be parallel to the second reference surface 51 on the rotating shaft 5.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 4 and 5, the positioning plate 4 is formed by combining an upper positioning plate 41 and a lower positioning plate 42, the upper positioning plate 41 and the lower positioning plate 42 are combined to form a positioning hole with the same shaft outer diameter penetrating through the position of the rotating shaft 5 where the accessory part 6 is located, the upper positioning plate 41 is provided with an angle positioning hole with the relative angle difference between the workpieces, the plane where the bottom surface of the upper positioning plate 41 is located is provided with a third reference surface 411, and the axis of the positioning hole and the axis of the inner hole on the accessory part 6 are provided with a fourth reference surface 61.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 6 and 7, when the auxiliary member 6 is used for positioning the plate 4, the third reference surface 411 is used as an angle reference surface, the fourth reference surface 61 on the auxiliary member 6 is adjusted to the required workpiece relative angle β, and the auxiliary member is fixed by the positioning pin 7.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and some embodiments may be applied, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for welding complex workpieces, comprising a rotary shaft (5) and a plurality of auxiliary members (6) attached to the rotary shaft (5), comprising the steps of:

step 1, a support (1) formed by welding a bottom plate (11), a support rod (12) and a top plate (13) is installed together with a support block (2), two ends of a pressing block (3) are provided with two mounting holes matched with two ends of the top of the support block (2), a round hole coaxial with a rotating shaft (5) is formed between the pressing block (3) and the support block (2), a first reference surface (21) is arranged on the upper surface of the support block (2), four mounting holes are formed in the bottom plate (11), and the bottom plate (11) is fixed on a welding platform through bolts;

step 2, placing a rotating shaft (5) of a workpiece to be welded between the support block (2) and the pressing block (3), enabling a second reference surface (51) on the rotating shaft (5) to be parallel to a first reference surface (21) on the support block (2), and then fixing and clamping the support block (2) and the pressing block (3) through threaded connection by using bolts;

step 3, selecting an upper positioning plate (41) and a lower positioning plate (42) to form a positioning plate (4), forming a positioning hole with the same shaft outer diameter as that of the rotating shaft (5) between the upper positioning plate (41) and the lower positioning plate (42) of the positioning plate (4), forming an angle positioning hole which can enable a plurality of accessory parts (6) to form relative angle difference on the upper positioning plate (41), and arranging a third reference surface (411) on the plane of the bottom surface of the upper positioning plate (41);

step 4, setting the plane where the axis of the positioning pin (7) and the axis of the inner hole of the accessory part (6) are located as a fourth reference surface (61), sleeving the accessory part (6) to be welded on the rotating shaft (5), adjusting the angle of the fourth reference surface (61) by taking the third reference surface (411) as an angle reference surface when the accessory part (6) is fixed on the positioning plate (4), and welding after the accessory part (6) is fixed by the positioning pin (7), wherein the welding is as follows: spot welding is carried out on two surfaces of the accessory part (6) firstly, and then full welding is carried out after the spot welding is finished;

and 5, after welding is finished, removing the positioning plate (4), and removing the workpiece from the welding tool.