CN110896050A - Method for forming dielectric film - Google Patents
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- CN110896050A CN110896050A CN201811062992.5A CN201811062992A CN110896050A CN 110896050 A CN110896050 A CN 110896050A CN 201811062992 A CN201811062992 A CN 201811062992A CN 110896050 A CN110896050 A CN 110896050A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 48
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- SLXKOJJOQWFEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-aminohexanoic acid Chemical compound NCCCCCC(O)=O SLXKOJJOQWFEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/32—Carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
- C23C16/45523—Pulsed gas flow or change of composition over time
- C23C16/45525—Atomic layer deposition [ALD]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/52—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames
- H01L23/522—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body
- H01L23/532—Arrangements for conducting electric current within the device in operation from one component to another, i.e. interconnections, e.g. wires, lead frames including external interconnections consisting of a multilayer structure of conductive and insulating layers inseparably formed on the semiconductor body characterised by the materials
- H01L23/5329—Insulating materials
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Provided is a method for forming a dielectric film, including: injecting the precursor-A into a reaction chamber in which an element to be processed is arranged, and adsorbing the precursor-A on the surface of the element to be processed to form a monomolecular layer; cleaning with cleaning gas to remove unadsorbed precursor-A on the surface of the element to be treated; injecting the precursor-B into the reaction chamber after plasma is formed outside the reaction chamber, and reacting with the precursor-A to form a dielectric film; cleaning the cleaning gas to remove unreacted precursor-B and reaction byproducts; repeating the steps a-d a predetermined number of times until the film reaches a predetermined thickness. The dielectric film formed by the method provided by the invention has lower dielectric constant, and the formed interlayer dielectric layer can effectively reduce the resistance-capacitance delay, so that the device has better electrical property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a semiconductor memory manufacturing technology. And more particularly to methods for forming dielectric films in semiconductors.
Background
As Integrated Circuit (IC) dimensions shrink, the field of semiconductor fabrication presents many technical challenges. In the back end of line (BEOL), wiring, resistance-capacitance (RC) delay (product of metal line resistance and mutual capacitance) becomes IC scaleThe main problem of cun reduction. As an Interlayer Dielectric (ILD), a better ground Dielectric constant material is selected to replace SiO2To obtain more excellent device performance, it is an important issue in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for forming a dielectric film. The dielectric film with low dielectric constant prepared by the method forms an interlayer dielectric layer to replace the mainstream SiO in the prior art2And forming an interlayer dielectric layer. Meanwhile, the manufacturing method can form better carbon content and porosity so as to be suitable for the low dielectric constant of the film and ensure the quality of the dielectric film.
The invention provides a method for forming a dielectric film, which comprises the steps of forming an interlayer dielectric layer with a low dielectric constant in the process of forming the interlayer dielectric layer; the method comprises the following steps: a. injecting the precursor-A into a reaction chamber in which an element to be processed is arranged, and adsorbing the precursor-A on the surface of the element to be processed to form a monomolecular layer; b. cleaning with cleaning gas to remove unadsorbed precursor-A on the surface of the element to be treated; c. injecting the precursor-B into the reaction chamber after plasma is formed outside the reaction chamber, and reacting with the precursor-A to form a dielectric film; d. cleaning the cleaning gas to remove unreacted precursor-B and reaction byproducts; e. repeating the steps a-d a predetermined number of times until the film reaches a predetermined thickness.
In some embodiments, the element to be processed has a structure of multiple layers of metal interconnects.
In some embodiments, precursor-a is octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane; the precursor-B is H2。
In some embodiments, precursor-B forms a plasma at a voltage of 100W.
In some embodiments, steps a-e of the method of forming a dielectric film are performed at a temperature between 100 ℃ and 300 ℃.
In some embodiments, steps a-e of the method of forming a dielectric film are performed at a pressure of between 1.5 torr and 2 torr.
In some embodiments, H2The flow rate of (A) is 50-100 sccm.
In some embodiments, the purge gas is an inert gas.
In some embodiments, the inert gas is Ar, He, N2Or any two or more of them.
In some embodiments, the deposition rate of the dielectric film is in the range of 0.5 toBetween/cycles.
In some embodiments, the dielectric film has a carbon content of 10% to 20%, an oxygen content of 40% to 50%, and a dielectric constant of 2 to 3.
The method has the advantages that the dielectric film formed by the method has a low dielectric constant (2-3), and the formed interlayer dielectric layer can effectively reduce the resistance-capacitance delay, so that the device has better electrical property.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process diagram of a method of forming a dielectric film according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a plasma H in the method for forming a dielectric film according to the present invention2Schematic diagram of performing an atomic layer deposition step;
FIG. 3 is a comparison of the formation of a dielectric film of the present invention with a prior art dielectric film;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a dielectric film covered groove structure of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an IC chip formed by an embodiment of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is a description of the embodiments of the present disclosure relating to a method for etching an oxide layer of a semiconductor chip, and those skilled in the art will understand the advantages and effects of the present disclosure from the disclosure of the present disclosure. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and its several details are capable of modification and various other changes, which can be made in various details within the specification and without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The following embodiments will further explain the related art of the present invention in detail, but the disclosure is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
See fig. 1-2. The invention provides a method for forming an interlayer dielectric layer, which replaces SiO in the prior art with an SiOC dielectric film with lower dielectric constant2The dielectric film of (2) forms an interlayer dielectric layer. The main component of the dielectric film is SiO2With a lower dielectric constant after replacement with SiOC. Detailed description of the inventionreferring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic view of a process in a method for manufacturing a dielectric thin film according to the present invention. A dielectric film whose main component is SiOC is manufactured by the method, and an interlayer dielectric layer of an IC chip is formed by the dielectric film. Referring to fig. 1, the process essentially comprises 4 steps:
a. injecting a precursor-A (octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane) into a reaction chamber in which an element to be processed is placed; carrying out atomic layer deposition on the precursor-A on the surface of an element to be processed (a silicon substrate), and adsorbing to form a monomolecular layer;
b. cleaning the precursor-A which is not adsorbed on the surface of the element to be treated by the cleaning gas;
c. precursor-B (plasma H)2) Is converted into Plasma H through a Plasma System (PS) outside the reaction chamber under the control of a Mass Flow Controller (MFC) outside the reaction chamber2Injecting the gas into the reaction chamber; performing atomic layer deposition on the surface of the element to be treated by the precursor-B (see figure 2), and simultaneously reacting with the precursor-A (octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane) adsorbed to form a monomolecular layer in the step a to generate SiOC and a byproduct;
d. the purge gas purges away residues and byproducts.
Wherein the element to be processed may have a multi-layer metal interconnect structure.
In the above process, the following reaction occurs
C8H24O4Si4+H2(plasma) → SiOC + by-product
Wherein the by-products include but are not limited to CO, CO2、CH2O、H2O。
e. Repeating the steps a-d for a predetermined number of times, and superposing the SiOC layers until the SiOC film reaches a predetermined thickness.
In the above process, the temperature of the process may be between 100 ℃ and 300 ℃. The process can have a pressure of between 1.5 torr and 2 torr. precursor-B formed a plasma at a voltage of 100W. Plasma H2The flow rate of (A) is 50-100 sccm. The cleaning gas is an inert gas, preferably Ar, He, N2Or any two or more of them. In some preferred embodiments, the process temperature is 130 ± 30 ℃ and the process gas pressure is 2 torr.
The thickness of the dielectric film is determined by a predetermined period (cycle number) according to the actual deposition rate. The deposition rate is preferably 0.5 toBetween/cycles. In some preferred embodiments, the deposition rate isPeriod (c).
The film formed by the method has the carbon content of about 10-20%, the oxygen content of about 40-50% and the dielectric constant of about 2-3, usually less than 2.7, and can reach 2.5, 2.3 or even close to 2 by adjusting the reaction conditions. SiO commonly used in the prior art2The dielectric constant of the dielectric film is usually 3.9 or more. Therefore, compared with the prior art using SiO2The dielectric film formed by the method of the present invention has a lower dielectric constant as a main component of the dielectric film. The dielectric film in the prior art is linearly increased in thickness with time, while the film formation process in the method of the present invention is periodically performed (see fig. 3), i.e., the film formation in the prior art is controlled by time alone, while the film formation in the method of the present invention is controlled by the period unit. Such periodically growing films have better controllability in production. Meanwhile, the whole formed film can better keep the original shape of the structure covered by the film. And the film has better uniformity as a whole. The uniformity of the film canReferring to fig. 4, the film thickness d at the bottom of the groove structure and the film thickness a at the top of the protrusion structure may reach d/a of 1, while the sidewall film thickness b of the protrusion structure and the film thickness a at the top of the protrusion structure may reach b/a of 0.99. The interlayer dielectric layer formed by the dielectric film formed by the method can effectively reduce the resistance-capacitance delay, so that the equipment has better electrical property. Because the parasitic capacitance between the metal interconnection layers is C ═ epsilon S/d (epsilon is the dielectric constant of the metal interlayer dielectric, S is the area of the metal layer, and d is the distance between the metal layers), the main component of the dielectric film formed by the method of the invention of the interlayer dielectric layer is SiOC, the dielectric constant is higher than that of SiO in the prior art2The dielectric film of (a) is low, and thus the parasitic capacitance is relatively small, thereby reducing the resistance-capacitance delay and enabling the current to transmit signals faster. In addition, in the method, the plasma is generated outside the chamber, and is introduced into the chamber for reaction after the flow is controlled. Whereas in the prior art plasma is typically generated and reacted directly inside the chamber. Compared with the prior art, the method can reduce the damage to the film and the contact part of the film in the plasma generation process and can also reduce the damage of the plasma to the machine table and the cavity in the cavity.
An example of an IC chip using a dielectric film formed by the method of the present invention is provided below. The chip is provided with a plurality of metal interconnection layers, the metal interconnection layers are connected through contact parts, and an interlayer dielectric layer is formed between every two conductive metal layers through a dielectric film. The multilayer metal interconnection layer includes an upper metal layer M3, a wiring metal layer M2, and a lower metal layer M1 (see fig. 5). The interlayer dielectric layers (M1Ox, V1Ox, V2Ox) are formed of one or more dielectric films.
In this embodiment, the interlayer dielectric layer is formed of a plurality of dielectric films in which the portion V2Ox covering the wiring metal layer (i.e., the portion around the wiring metal layer M2 and between the wiring metal layer and the upper metal layer M3) is formed of three layers of dielectric films of the same material, the thicknesses of the three layers of dielectric films being 100nm, 400nm, and 400nm from the bottom layer to the top layer, respectively. These dielectric films are formed by the above-described formation method. The dielectric film has a main component of SiOC, a carbon content of 10 to 20%, an oxygen content of 40 to 50%, and a dielectric constant of 2 to 3.
In other embodiments, the thickness (dielectric film thickness) of the interlayer dielectric layer M1Ox between the metal portions of the lower metal layer M1 is 200 nm. The thickness (dielectric film thickness) of the interlayer dielectric layer V1Ox between the lower metal layer M1 and the wiring metal layer M2 was 300 nm.
The IC chip has an interlayer dielectric layer formed by a dielectric film containing SiOC as a main component, and has SiO content higher than that of the prior art2The dielectric film of (2) has a lower dielectric constant. The resistance-capacitance delay can be effectively reduced, and the device has better electrical property. Meanwhile, on the premise that V2Ox has a lower dielectric constant by using a dielectric film containing SiOC as a main component, the thicknesses of V1Ox and M1Ox can be further reduced. The interlayer distance can be reduced on the premise of not influencing the electrical property between metal layers.
As described above, the present invention is advantageous in that a method for forming a dielectric thin film is provided. And provides an example of an IC chip having such a dielectric film forming an interlayer dielectric layer. The dielectric film formed by the method has SiOC as the main component, compared with SiO in the prior art2The film as a main component has a low dielectric constant (2 to 3) and the uniformity of the film is better. The interlayer dielectric layer formed by the dielectric film formed by the method can effectively reduce the resistance-capacitance delay, so that the equipment has better electrical property.
The above embodiments of the method for forming a dielectric film according to the present invention are provided, and it is believed that those skilled in the art can understand the technical solutions and the operating principles of the present invention through the description of the embodiments. However, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention. The technical solution provided by the present invention can be modified appropriately according to the actual needs by those skilled in the art, and modifications and equivalent changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is to be determined by the following claims.
Claims (11)
1. A method of forming a dielectric film, comprising:
a. injecting the precursor-A into a reaction chamber in which an element to be processed is arranged, and adsorbing the precursor-A on the surface of the element to be processed to form a monomolecular layer;
b. cleaning with cleaning gas to remove unadsorbed precursor-A on the surface of the element to be treated;
c. injecting the precursor-B into the reaction chamber after plasma is formed outside the reaction chamber, and reacting with the precursor-A to form a dielectric film;
d. cleaning the cleaning gas to remove unreacted precursor-B and reaction byproducts;
e. repeating the steps a-d a predetermined number of times until the film reaches a predetermined thickness.
2. The method for forming a dielectric film according to claim 1, wherein the element to be processed has a structure of a multilayer metal interconnection.
3. The method for forming a dielectric thin film according to claim 1, wherein the precursor-a is octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane; the precursor-B is H2。
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the precursor-B forms a plasma at a voltage of 100W.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the steps a-e of the method of forming a dielectric film are performed at a temperature of 100 ℃ to 300 ℃.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the process steps a-e of the method are performed at a pressure of 1.5 torr to 2 torr.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein the H is2The flow rate of (A) is 50-100 sccm.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the purge gas is an inert gas.
9. The method for forming a dielectric thin film according to claim 8, wherein the inert gas is Ar, He, N2Or any two or more of them.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the dielectric film has a carbon content of 10% to 20%, an oxygen content of 40% to 50%, and a dielectric constant of 2 to 3.
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CN115522180A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2022-12-27 | 苏州源展材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method and application of silicon-based thin film with low dielectric constant |
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CN101416293A (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2009-04-22 | 应用材料股份有限公司 | Method to improve the step coverage and pattern loading for dielectric films |
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CN102074500A (en) * | 2009-11-12 | 2011-05-25 | 诺发系统有限公司 | Uv and reducing treatment for K recovery and surface clean in semiconductor processing |
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Application publication date: 20200320 |