CN110891415A - Nutrient solution - Google Patents

Nutrient solution Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110891415A
CN110891415A CN201880046556.0A CN201880046556A CN110891415A CN 110891415 A CN110891415 A CN 110891415A CN 201880046556 A CN201880046556 A CN 201880046556A CN 110891415 A CN110891415 A CN 110891415A
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China
Prior art keywords
content
nutrient solution
weight
parts
calcium oxide
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CN201880046556.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
原正宪
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Plant Life Systems Co ltd
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Plant Life Systems Co ltd
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
    • C05G5/23—Solutions

Abstract

The invention provides a nutrient solution for a culture medium for plant cultivation, which can improve the yield and the sugar degree of plants. The nutrient solution is suitable for culture medium for plant cultivation. The nutrient solution contains: water; at least one of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen; phosphoric acid; potassium oxide; and calcium oxide. The total amount of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen is set to 100 parts by weight, the content of phosphoric acid is 48 to 70 parts by weight, the content of potassium oxide is 160 to 180 parts by weight, and the content of calcium oxide is 30 to 85 parts by weight.

Description

Nutrient solution
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a nutrient solution to be supplied to a culture medium for plant cultivation.
Background
A technique of transplanting a cultivated plant in a culture medium and cultivating the plant by applying a culture solution is proposed.
(see patent document 1).
Documents of the prior art
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2001-103857
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention
The invention aims to provide a nutrient solution for a culture medium for plant cultivation, which can improve the yield and the sugar degree of plants.
Technical solution for solving technical problem
The present inventors have found that when a nutrient solution contains predetermined amounts of phosphoric acid, potassium oxide, and calcium oxide in relation to the total weight of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen, the yield of a plant cultivated with the nutrient solution is improved, and the sugar content of the plant is also improved, thereby completing the present invention.
The nutrient solution of the present invention is a nutrient solution suitable for a culture medium for plant cultivation, and contains: water; at least one of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen; phosphoric acid; potassium oxide; and calcium oxide, wherein when the sum of the nitrate nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen is set as 100 parts by weight, the content of the phosphoric acid is 48-70 parts by weight, the content of the potassium oxide is 160-180 parts by weight, and the content of the calcium oxide is 30-85 parts by weight.
In the present invention, the ratio of the content of calcium oxide to the content of phosphoric acid (content of calcium oxide/content of phosphoric acid) may be 1.2 to 1.6.
In the present invention, the total concentration of the nitrate nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen in the nutrient solution may be 80 to 550 mg/L.
In the present invention, the ratio of the nitrate nitrogen to the ammonia nitrogen (nitrate nitrogen content/ammonia nitrogen content) may be 5 to 10.
In the present invention, the ratio of the content of potassium oxide to the content of calcium oxide (content of potassium oxide/content of calcium oxide) may be 2.0 to 2.6.
In the present invention, it is preferable that no sulfur oxide (including sulfate ion) is contained.
In the present invention, the medium may be an inorganic medium.
In the present invention, the medium may be an alkaline medium.
In the present invention, the above medium may contain coral gravel.
In the present invention, the nutrient solution may contain MgO, MnO or B2O3At least one of Fe, Cu, Zn and Mo.
In the present specification, the term "a to B" means "in the range of a to B inclusive".
Effects of the invention
By applying the nutrient solution of the present invention to plant cultivation using a culture medium, the yield can be increased and the sugar content of the plant can be increased.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
1. Nutrient solution
The nutrient solution according to the embodiment is suitable for a culture medium for plant cultivation. The medium may be, for example, an inorganic medium, and may be a solid medium or a non-solid medium (e.g., a liquid state). The culture medium is preferably an alkaline medium. Because the culture medium is made of porous material, the watering interval can be prolonged.
The inorganic medium may contain coral gravel and/or shell (e.g., oyster shell, scallop shell), and preferably a medium composed of coral gravel. By forming the culture medium composed of coral gravel, the disease of the root system can be reduced by the antibacterial action, and due to the antibacterial action, the sterilization apparatus of the culture solution is not required or can be simplified, and replacement and discarding can be avoided as much as possible. The particle size of the coral sand grains is, for example, about 1 to 20mm, preferably about 1 to 10mm, and more preferably about 5 mm.
The nutrient solution contains: water; at least one of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen; phosphoric acid; potassium oxide; and calcium oxide. Specific examples of the nitrate nitrogen include nitrate ions. Specific examples of the ammoniacal nitrogen include ammonium ions.
The phosphoric acid content is 48 to 70 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total of the nitrate nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen.
The content of potassium oxide is 160 to 180 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total of the nitrate nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen.
The calcium oxide content is 30 to 85 parts by weight, preferably 50 to 85 parts by weight, and more preferably 60 to 85 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total of the nitrate nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen.
The ratio of the content of calcium oxide to the content of phosphoric acid (content of calcium oxide/content of phosphoric acid) is preferably 1.2 to 1.6.
The total concentration of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen in the nutrient solution is, for example, 80 to 550mg/L, preferably 200 to 440mg/L, and more preferably 250 to 380 ml/L.
The ratio of the content of nitrate nitrogen to the content of ammonia nitrogen (nitrate nitrogen content/ammonia nitrogen content) is preferably 5 to 10, more preferably 7 to 10. When the ratio of the content of nitrate nitrogen to the content of ammonia nitrogen is within this range, the plant can absorb the trace components of other nutrient solutions more appropriately, particularly when the culture medium is an alkaline medium.
The ratio of the content of potassium oxide to the content of calcium oxide (content of potassium oxide/content of calcium oxide) is preferably 2.0 to 2.6.
Preferably the nutrient solution is free of sulphur oxides, in particular free of sulphate ions. The nutrient solution may contain MgO, MnO, B2O3At least one of Fe, Cu, Zn and Mo.
2. Effect of action
The nutrient solution of the embodiment contains phosphoric acid, potassium oxide, and calcium oxide in a predetermined weight ratio to the total weight of nitrate nitrogen and ammoniacal nitrogen. Thus, the yield of the plant cultivated by the nutrient solution is increased, and the sugar degree of the plant is increased.
Examples of applicable plants include vegetables such as tomatoes, eggplants, strawberries, twenty-day radishes, komatsuna, spinach, and broccoli, and fruits.
Example 1
Tomatoes were planted on a medium composed of coral gravel and were cultivated with the nutrient solution shown in table 1 (nutrient solution in example). And (5) cultivating under LED artificial illumination.
Figure BDA0002364093990000041
It was confirmed that, only when the plants were cultivated using the nutrient solutions of the examples, tomatoes having a sugar degree of 7.5 (Brix% sugar degree) or more could be harvested on average from each cluster, and the yield was very high. The average values of the sugar degree, the number of harvests and the yield of each cluster are shown in Table 2.
[ Table 2]
Figure BDA0002364093990000061
[ cultivation comparative test ]
Comparative cultivation tests were conducted using the nutrient solutions of examples and comparative examples. The compositions of the nutrient solutions of the comparative examples are shown in table 3.
Figure BDA0002364093990000081
The cultivation comparison test is a cultivation test until the end of harvesting of the third ear. Regarding EC concentration changes, the cultivation area using the nutrient solution of the example and the cultivation area using the nutrient solution of the comparative example both changed as shown in table 4.
[ Table 4]
EC concentration (mS/cm)
Permanent planting stage ^ e 1.0
First fringe blossom E 1.2
Second ear of flowers bloom & 1.4
The third flower ear blossoms to the end of cultivation 1.6
The number of test plants was 10 in each of the cultivation areas using the nutrient solutions of the examples and the cultivation areas using the nutrient solutions of the comparative examples. Also, with respect to the test crops, both the cultivation areas using the nutrient solutions of the examples and the cultivation areas using the nutrient solutions of the comparative examples were cherry tomatoes (Mini Tomato).
The following results were confirmed by a cultivation comparative test. In the cultivation area using the nutrient solution of the example, no occurrence of physiological disturbance was observed until the end of the test cultivation, and cultivation results were obtained.
In the cultivation area using the nutrient solution of the comparative example, the occurrence of iron deficiency and manganese deficiency was confirmed in all of 10 plants. Further, there were 3 plants whose growth was stopped due to whitening of new leaves caused by deterioration of iron deficiency symptoms. In addition, the yield of the cultivation area using the nutrient solution of the comparative example was also reduced to 1/3, which is the yield of the cultivation area using the nutrient solution of the example.
The present embodiment can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention.
Industrial applicability
The present invention can be widely applied to plant cultivation using a culture medium.

Claims (10)

1. A nutrient solution suitable for a culture medium for plant cultivation, the nutrient solution comprising:
water;
at least one of nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen;
phosphoric acid;
potassium oxide; and
the amount of calcium oxide is such that,
when the total amount of the nitrate nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen is set to 100 parts by weight,
the content of the phosphoric acid is 48 to 70 parts by weight,
the content of the potassium oxide is 160-180 parts by weight,
the content of the calcium oxide is 30-85 parts by weight.
2. The nutritional liquid of claim 1, wherein:
the ratio of the content of calcium oxide to the content of phosphoric acid is 1.2 to 1.6 in terms of the content of calcium oxide/the content of phosphoric acid.
3. The nutritional liquid of claim 1, wherein:
the concentration of the sum of the nitrate nitrogen and the ammonia nitrogen in the nutrient solution is 80-550 mg/L.
4. The nutrient solution of claim 1 or 2, wherein:
the ratio of the content of the nitrate nitrogen to the content of the ammonia nitrogen is 5 to 10 in terms of the content of the nitrate nitrogen/the content of the ammonia nitrogen.
5. The nutrient solution according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the ratio of the content of potassium oxide to the content of calcium oxide is 2.0 to 2.6 in terms of the content of potassium oxide/the content of calcium oxide.
6. The nutrient solution according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
it does not contain sulfur oxides.
7. The nutrient solution according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
the culture medium is an inorganic culture medium.
8. The nutritional liquid according to claim 6, wherein:
the culture medium is an alkaline medium.
9. The nutritional liquid of claim 7, wherein:
the medium contains coral gravel.
10. The nutritional liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 8 and 9, wherein:
the nutrient solution contains MgO, MnO and B2O3At least one of Fe, Cu, Zn and Mo.
CN201880046556.0A 2017-07-13 2018-07-13 Nutrient solution Pending CN110891415A (en)

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CN111466283A (en) * 2020-04-13 2020-07-31 宁夏大学 High-sugar high-flavor tomato water culture cultivation method

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JP7366937B2 (en) * 2019-01-23 2023-10-23 正憲 原 Plant cultivation method and plant cultivation device
WO2021024375A1 (en) * 2019-08-06 2021-02-11 正月 白川 Plant cultivation method and plant cultivation device
JPWO2022024206A1 (en) * 2020-07-28 2022-02-03

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