CN110885532A - 一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于新材料领域。本发明涉及一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体及其制备方法,该方法以4,4`‑二[2‑(1‑丙烯基)苯氧基]二苯甲酮、3‑(巯基甲基)苯甲酸作为原料,经过加成反应得到了一种双羧基封端的醚酮结构物,与羟基磷灰石、聚醚醚酮共混挤出后得到高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料,经注塑成型得到高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体,在提高聚醚醚酮的生物活性并提供聚醚醚酮与羟基磷灰石间的牢度,同时保证该材料足够的强度和良好的生物相容性,具有较高的临床使用价值和广阔的市场前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体及其制备方法。本发明属于新材料领域。
背景技术
骨在人体中起着支撑、造血以及维持血钙平衡的重要功能,骨损伤会严重地影响人体健康和患者的生活质量。据统计,我国每年因各类交通、生产事故以及骨科疾病等因素造成的骨缺损或骨损伤患者多达数千万人,其中大约有200万病人需要做关节置换手术。骨损伤严重影响患者的生活质量,成为严峻的社会问题。
目前所用人工骨替换材料仍然以金属为主:不锈钢和钴基合金作为较早应用的生物医用金属植入物材料,具有生物相容性不足、诱导成骨能力差、易产生应力屏蔽效应等缺陷;钛及钛合金金属材料虽然生物相容性有所提高,但是钛合金与体液反应容易释放铝和钒等有毒离子,纯钛植入物的强度不足难以满足骨科植入物要求。
聚醚醚酮(PEEK)具有优良的力学性、耐磨性、耐热性、化学稳定性等优点,弹性模量接近自然骨,是一种适合长期植入人体的骨替代物材料。然而PEEK是惰性材料,与人体组织缺乏亲和力,因而无法实现植入物与相邻骨组织和软组织的生物连接,骨诱导性较差,不利于骨长入。
羟基磷灰石(HA)是一种常用的无毒无抗原性,同时兼具有良好生物活性、生物相容性和骨诱导性的生物组织材料,是极具前景的骨组织替代材料。纯HA的力学性能比较差,这大大限制了它在需要承受较大载荷骨关节替换中的应用。单一的HA与基体的结合强度不高,植入人体后,在体液的作用下容易脱落。因此加工注塑成型一种增加PEEK与HA相容性强且分散性好的PEEK复合材料更具意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术中聚醚醚酮医用生物活性差的不足,提供了一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮及其制备方法,其使用4,4`-二[2-(1-丙烯基)苯氧基]二苯甲酮、3-(巯基甲基)苯甲酸作为原料,经过加成反应得到了一种双羧基封端的醚酮结构物,与羟基磷灰石、聚醚醚酮共混挤出后得到高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料,经注塑成型得到高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体,在提高聚醚醚酮的生物活性并提供聚醚醚酮与羟基磷灰石间的牢度,同时保证该材料足够的强度和良好的生物相容性,具有较高的临床使用价值和广阔的市场前景。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:包含以下步骤:
(1)点击反应,得到双羧基封端的醚酮结构物,记为A;
(2)A改性羟基磷灰石;
(3)共混、挤出得到聚醚醚酮复合材料粒料。
作为优选,所述步骤(1)具体为:
将1mol 4,4’-二[2-(1-丙烯基)苯氧基]二苯甲酮与1-1.2mol 3-(巯基甲基)苯甲酸溶于30mol有机溶剂中,搅拌均匀,置于UV灯下,光照0-5min,得到双羧基封端的醚酮结构物,记为A。
作为优选,所述步骤(2)具体为:
将100重量份粒径为0.1-5μm的羟基磷灰石原料分散在有机溶剂中,超声分散0.5-2h,加入50-150重量份A,于110-120℃下加热搅拌进行反应,反应完全后,经过过滤、洗涤和干燥得到A改性羟基磷灰石;
所述羟基磷灰石与有机溶剂的用量比为:10-20g/100mL;
作为优选,所述步骤(3)具体为:
将50-70重量份医用级聚醚醚酮树脂、30-50重量份改性羟基磷灰石分别置于150-160℃烘箱,干燥0.5-2h后混合,搅拌速率为800-1500r/min下搅拌5-20min后,加入到双螺杆挤出机进行挤压,设定各区温度为:一区温度为370-375℃,二区温度为380-385℃,三区温度为390-395℃,四区温度为400-405℃,螺杆转速100-500r/min,牵引,拉丝,造粒,得到聚醚醚酮复合材料粒料;
作为优选,所述有机溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或二甲基乙酰胺。
一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体,由以下重量份的原料制成:医用级聚醚醚酮树脂50-70份,聚醚醚酮复合材料粒料30-50份。
作为优选,所述的一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体,其制备方法为:将医用级聚醚醚酮树脂、聚醚醚酮复合材料粒料混合,在速率为800-1500r/min下时间为5-20min后,投料于与上述双螺杆挤出机联动注塑,注塑的注射模具温度为175-200℃,注射背压为2-4MPa,注射压力为170-180MPa,注塑成型得到人工假体。
本发明的提供的双羧基封端的醚酮结构物(A),其制备流程如下:
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明提供了一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料其制备方法。采用“先改性,再高速分散,后共混造粒”的工艺。通过化学反应改性羟基磷灰石,均匀分散改性羟基磷灰石和聚醚醚酮得到共混物,烘干后再通过高速搅拌机混合均匀,即可进行挤出加工,得到新型聚醚醚酮复合材料颗粒。
(2)本发明提供的一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体,原料之一的改性羟基磷灰石,采用UV技术和点击反应合成出羧基封端醚酮结构物(A),一方面结合UV光固化和点击反应的产率高效、反应迅速的优点;另一方面,反应简单,易于操作。
(3)本发明提供的一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体,减少了金属对偶的离子释放和金属磨屑的产生,同时具有优良的力学性能和生物学性能,也可应用于航空航天材料和生物工程材料相关的领域。
(4)本发明提供的一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体具有良好的生物相容性和生物活性,具有骨修复体的强度、模量等性能与人骨相匹配,且耐腐蚀性能好,使用寿命长,完全能够满足临床对于骨修复的需要。
具体实施方式:
以下结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明。但应理解,以下实施例仅是对本发明实施方式的举例说明,而非是对本发明的范围限定。
实施例1
步骤(1)将1mol 4,4’-二[2-(1-丙烯基)苯氧基]二苯甲酮与1.2mol 3-(巯基甲基)苯甲酸溶于30mol N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,搅拌均匀,置于UV灯下,光照5min,得到双羧基封端的醚酮结构物(IR:1591cm-1:苯环中-C=C-存在;1246cm-1、1168cm-1:-C-O-C-存在;1699cm-1:-C=O存在;3547cm-1:-OH存在;1655cm-1:-C=C-消失),记为A。
步骤(2)将100重量份粒径为5μm的羟基磷灰石原料分散在1000ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,超声分散2h,加入150重量份A,于120℃下加热搅拌进行反应,反应完全后,经过过滤、洗涤和干燥得到A改性羟基磷灰石(IR:1591cm-1:苯环中-C=C-存在;1246cm-1、1168cm-1:-C-O-C-存在;1699cm-1:-C=O存在;3547cm-1:-OH存在;1100cm-1、1030cm-1:-O-P-O-存在)。
步骤(3)将50重量份医用级聚醚醚酮树脂、50重量份改性羟基磷灰石分别置于160℃烘箱,干燥0.5h后混合,搅拌速率为1500r/min下搅拌5min后,加入到双螺杆挤出机进行挤压,设定各区温度为:一区温度为375℃,二区温度为385℃,三区温度为395℃,四区温度为405℃,螺杆转速500r/min,牵引,拉丝,造粒,得到聚醚醚酮复合材料粒料。
具体实施例2-6,其他同具体实施例1,不同之处在于下表:
以具体实施例1获得的聚醚醚酮复合材料粒料作为应用实施例的基础材料,将其制成高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体。
应用实施例1
一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体的制备方法包括如下配方及步骤:
由以下重量份的原料制成:医用级聚醚醚酮树脂50份,聚醚醚酮复合材料粒料50份。
将医用级聚醚醚酮树脂、聚醚醚酮复合材料粒料混合,在速率为1500r/min下,搅拌5min,后投料于与上述双螺杆挤出机联动注塑,注塑的注射模具温度为200℃,注射背压为2MPa,注射压力为170MPa,注塑成型得到人工假体。
应用实施例2-3,其他同应用实施例1,不同之处在于下表
应用实施对比例1
一种聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体的制备方法包括如下配方及步骤:
由以下重量份的原料制成:医用级聚醚醚酮树脂100份。
将医用级聚醚醚酮树脂投料于与上述双螺杆挤出机联动注塑,注塑的注射模具温度为200℃,注射背压为2MPa,注射压力为170MPa,注塑成型得到人工假体。
应用实施对比例2
一种聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体的制备方法包括如下配方及步骤:
由以下重量份的原料制成:医用级聚醚醚酮树脂50份,聚醚醚酮/常规羟基磷灰石(质量比1:1)复合材料粒料50份。
将聚醚醚酮树脂、聚醚醚酮复合材料粒料混合,在速率为1500r/min下,搅拌5min,后投料于与上述双螺杆挤出机联动注塑,注塑的注射模具温度为200℃,注射背压为2MPa,注射压力为170MPa,注塑成型得到人工假体。
应用实施对比例3
一种聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体的制备方法包括如下配方及步骤:
由以下重量份的原料制成:医用级聚醚醚酮树脂75份,常规羟基磷灰石25份。
将医用级聚醚醚酮树脂、常规羟基磷灰石混合,在速率为1500r/min下,搅拌5min,后投料于与上述双螺杆挤出机联动注塑,注塑的注射模具温度为200℃,注射背压为2MPa,注射压力为170MPa,注塑成型得到人工假体。
应用实施对比例4
一种聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体的制备方法包括如下配方及步骤:
由以下重量份的原料制成:医用级聚醚醚酮树脂75份,改性羟基磷灰石25份。
将医用级聚醚醚酮树脂、改性羟基磷灰石混合,在速率为1500r/min下,搅拌5min,后投料于与上述双螺杆挤出机联动注塑,注塑的注射模具温度为200℃,注射背压为2MPa,注射压力为170MPa,注塑成型得到人工假体。
分别测定本发明应用实施例1-3、应用实施对比例1-4制备的高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体的物理性能,包括拉伸强度、储能模量、玻璃化温度、摩擦系数结果如表1所示。
表1各实施例物理测试性能
从表1中可以看出,本发明的一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体与常规聚醚醚酮材料人工假体相比,除拉伸强度外,包括在储能模量、玻璃化温度和细胞活性的优势明显。而生物骨的拉伸强度为60-140MPa,本发明人工假体完全可适用。
第二,表1结果显示本发明的人工假体在与其他聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体相比,由于本发明提供了一种可对羟基磷灰石处理的醚酮结构物,与聚醚醚酮有很好的相容性且经过二次搅拌,分散性更好,故本发明的人工假体的各项性能指标均由于同类聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体。
综合而言,本发明的一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体,拥有足够的强度和良好的生物相容性,具有较高的临床使用价值和广阔的市场前景。
其中测试方法如下:
1)拉伸强度:采用美国英斯特朗公司的InstronMode15544型万能电子拉伸试验机,根据标准ASTM D638对复合材料进行拉伸性能测试,室温下,拉伸速度和标距分别为2mm/min和20mm。
2)储能模量、玻璃化温度:采用德国NETZSCH-242E型动态力学分析仪对材料的动态热力学性能进行测试,测试频率为1Hz,三点弯模式,测试温度范围为-120-250℃,升温速率为2℃/min,样品长、宽和厚分别为20mm、6.5mm和2.5mm。
3)摩擦系数:采用POD球-盘摩擦试验机对复合材料的摩擦性能进行研究,载力为3N,时间为4800s,速率为70r/min。
4)细胞数量:采用人成骨样细胞系MG-63成骨细胞模型对各应用实施例的试样进行细胞学生物活性实验。MG-63成骨细胞用含10%胎牛血清的高糖细胞培养基复苏,置于37℃、湿度95%、CO2浓度5%的细胞培养箱中培养,隔日换液,光学显微镜下观察细胞的形态,将处于对数生长期的MG-63成骨细胞制备成细胞悬液。
将实验组和对照组的标准试样经γ射线辐照灭菌2h,置于24孔板内。将制备好的MG-63细胞悬液接种于各组试样表面,24h后终止细胞培养。利用吖啶橙荧光染色法检测细胞粘附和增殖的数量。用PBS(磷酸盐缓冲液,1L PBS配方:8g氯化钠、0.2g氯化钾、1.44g磷酸氢二钠、0.24g磷酸二氢钾)冲洗3次,浓度为95%乙醇固定5min,0.05%吖啶橙染色5min,PBS冲洗3次;荧光显微镜下观察,计数,材料表面粘附和增殖的细胞数量如表1。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示,通过上述的说明内容,相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内,进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容,必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:包含以下步骤:
(1)点击反应,得到双羧基封端的醚酮结构物,记为A;
(2)A改性羟基磷灰石;
(3)共混、挤出得到聚醚醚酮复合材料粒料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)具体为:
将1mol 4,4’-二[2-(1-丙烯基)苯氧基]二苯甲酮与1-1.2mol 3-(巯基甲基)苯甲酸溶于30mol有机溶剂中,搅拌均匀,置于UV灯下,光照0-5min,得到双羧基封端的醚酮结构物,记为A。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)具体为:
将100重量份粒径为0.1-5μm的羟基磷灰石原料分散在有机溶剂中,超声分散0.5-2h,加入50-150重量份 A,于110-120℃下加热搅拌进行反应,反应完全后,经过过滤、洗涤和干燥得到A改性羟基磷灰石;
所述羟基磷灰石与有机溶剂的用量比为:10-20g/100mL。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)具体为:
将50-70重量份医用级聚醚醚酮树脂、30-50重量份改性羟基磷灰石分别置于150-160℃烘箱,干燥0.5-2h后混合,搅拌速率为800-1500r/min下搅拌5-20min后,加入到双螺杆挤出机进行挤压,设定各区温度为:一区温度为370-375 ℃,二区温度为380-385℃,三区温度为390-395℃,四区温度为400-405℃,螺杆转速100-500r/min,牵引,拉丝,造粒,得到聚醚醚酮复合材料粒料。
5.根据权利要求2或3所述的一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述有机溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺或二甲基乙酰胺。
6.一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体,由以下重量份的原料制成:医用级聚醚醚酮树脂50-70份,聚醚醚酮复合材料粒料30-50份。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种高生物活性聚醚醚酮复合材料人工假体,其制备方法为:将医用级聚醚醚酮树脂、聚醚醚酮复合材料粒料混合,在速率为800-1500r/min下时间为5-20min后,投料于与上述双螺杆挤出机联动注塑,注塑的注射模具温度为175-200℃,注射背压为2-4MPa,注射压力为170-180MPa,注塑成型得到人工假体。
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