CN110884339A - 多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置 - Google Patents

多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置 Download PDF

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CN110884339A
CN110884339A CN201911189521.5A CN201911189521A CN110884339A CN 110884339 A CN110884339 A CN 110884339A CN 201911189521 A CN201911189521 A CN 201911189521A CN 110884339 A CN110884339 A CN 110884339A
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gear
shaft
bit
brake
sun gear
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董鹏
姜珊珊
徐向阳
刘艳芳
王书翰
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Beihang University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442Series-parallel switching type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62Hybrid vehicles

Abstract

本发明涉及一种多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,涉及新能源车辆技术领域,多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置包括拉维娜式行星齿轮、发动机、第一轴以及第一电机,拉维娜式行星齿轮包括大太阳轮、小太阳轮、行星架和齿圈,发动机与小太阳轮传动连接,第一轴固接有第一齿轮,第一齿轮与齿圈传动连接,第一轴用于输出动力,第一电机与第一轴传动连接。缓解了现有技术中的混合动力车辆中的机电耦合传动装置结构复杂,传动比变化范围小的技术问题。

Description

多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置
技术领域
本发明涉及新能源车辆技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置。
背景技术
混合动力车辆是指由两个或多个能同时运转的单个驱动系统联合组成车辆驱动系统的车辆,车辆的行驶功率依据实际的车辆行驶状态由单个驱动系统单独或共同提供。通常所说的混合动力车辆,一般是指油电混合动力车辆,即采用传统的内燃机(柴油机或汽油机)和电动机作为动力源,也有的发动机经过改造使用其他替代燃料,例如压缩天然气、丙烷和乙醇燃料等。随着世界各国环境保护的措施越来越严格,混合动力车辆由于其节能、低排放等特点成为车辆研究与开发的一个重点,并已经开始产业化。
然而现有技术中的混合动力车辆中的机电耦合传动装置结构复杂,传动比变化范围小。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,以缓解现有技术中的混合动力车辆中的机电耦合传动装置结构复杂,传动比变化范围小的技术问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明实施例提供一种多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,包括:
拉维娜式行星齿轮,所述拉维娜式行星齿轮包括大太阳轮、小太阳轮、行星架和齿圈;
发动机,所述发动机与所述小太阳轮传动连接;
第一轴,所述第一轴固接有第一齿轮,所述第一齿轮与所述齿圈传动连接,所述第一轴用于输出动力;
以及第一电机,所述第一电机与所述第一轴传动连接。
在可选的实施方式中,所述多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第二电机,所述第二电机与所述小太阳轮传动连接。
在可选的实施方式中,所述多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第一制动器,所述第一制动器用于制动所述行星架。
在可选的实施方式中,所述第一制动器为单向制动器。
在可选的实施方式中,所述多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第二制动器,所述第二制动器用于制动所述大太阳轮。
在可选的实施方式中,所述第二制动器为湿式多片式制动器。
在可选的实施方式中,所述多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第一离合器,所述第一离合器连接于所述大太阳轮和第二电机之间。
在可选的实施方式中,所述第一离合器为湿式多片式离合器。
在可选的实施方式中,所述多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第二轴、第三轴以及连接两者的第二离合器;
所述发动机与所述第二轴传动连接,所述第二电机与所述第三轴传动连接,所述小太阳轮与所述第三轴固接。
在可选的实施方式中,所述多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第四轴、固接于所述第四轴的第二齿轮、第五轴以及固接于所述第五轴的第三齿轮,所述第二齿轮与所述第三齿轮啮合;
所述发动机与所述第四轴传动连接,所述第二电机与所述第五轴传动连接,所述小太阳轮与所述第四轴固接。
技术效果:
本发明提供的多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,包括拉维娜式行星齿轮、发动机、第一轴以及第一电机,其中,拉维娜式行星齿轮包括大太阳轮,小太阳轮、行星架和齿圈,发动机与小太阳轮传动连接,以驱动小太阳轮转动,小太阳轮的转动也能够驱动齿圈转动;又设置第一轴固接有第一齿轮,第一齿轮与齿圈传动连接,齿圈的转动能够驱动第一齿轮转动,进而将动力传递至第一轴。此外,第一电机与第一轴传动连接,同样可以驱动第一轴转动。
第一轴为多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置的输出端,用于向车轮传递动力,发动机和第一电机同时驱动第一轴转动,实现对车辆的混合驱动。其中,通过采用拉维娜式行星齿轮对发动机的动力进行传递;再结合拉维娜式行星齿轮中大太阳轮、小太阳轮和齿圈三者与行星架之间构成多个不同的传动比,使得多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置的传动范围更大,对车辆速度的调节更灵活。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的第一种多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置的示意图;
图2为本发明实施例提供的第二种多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置的示意图;
图3为本发明实施例提供的第三种多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置的示意图;
图4为本发明实施例提供的第四种多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置的示意图;
图5为本发明实施例提供的第五种多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置的示意图。
图标:10-发动机;20-大太阳轮;30-小太阳轮;40-行星架;50-齿圈;60-第一齿轮;70-第一轴;80-第一电机;90-第二电机;110-第一制动器;120-第二制动器;130-第一离合器;140-第二离合器;150-第二轴;160-第三轴;170-第四轴;180-第二齿轮;190-第五轴;200-第三齿轮。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中,还需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“设置”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
参照图1,本实施例提供的多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,包括拉维娜式行星齿轮、发动机10、第一轴70以及第一电机80,其中,拉维娜式行星齿轮包括大太阳轮20,小太阳轮30、行星架40和齿圈50,发动机10与小太阳轮30传动连接,以驱动小太阳轮30转动,小太阳轮30的转动也能够驱动齿圈50转动;又设置第一轴70固接有第一齿轮60,第一齿轮60与齿圈50传动连接,齿圈50的转动能够驱动第一齿轮60转动,进而将动力传递至第一轴70。此外,第一电机80与第一轴70传动连接,同样可以驱动第一轴70转动。
第一轴70为多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置的输出端,用于向车轮传递动力,发动机10和第一电机80同时驱动第一轴70转动,实现对车辆的混合驱动。其中,通过采用拉维娜式行星齿轮对发动机10的动力进行传递;再结合拉维娜式行星齿轮中大太阳轮20、小太阳轮30和齿圈50三者与行星架40之间构成多个不同的传动比,使得多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置的传动范围更大,对车辆速度的调节更灵活。
值得说明的,本实施例中,齿圈50同轴固接有齿轮,该齿轮与第一齿轮60啮合,以完成齿圈50与第一齿轮60的传动连接;小太阳轮30固接有驱动轴,发动机10与驱动轴驱动连接,以完成发动机10与小太阳轮30的传动连接;大太阳轮20和小太阳轮30中的“大”和“小”只是用来代表大太阳轮20的分度圆直径大于小太阳轮30的分度圆直径,是通过不同的命名来对两太阳轮进行区分而已,并没有对两太阳轮做其他实际限定。此外,多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还可以包括第六轴以及固接于第六轴的第四齿轮,第一电机80与第六轴固接,第一齿轮60与第四齿轮啮合。即第一齿轮60同时与齿圈50及第四齿轮连接。最后,本实施例中,第一轴70与差速器连接,以将动力输出至驱动轮,并实现不同驱动轮不同转速的转动。
具体的,本实施例还对多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置的具体结构做以下详细介绍。
请继续参照图1,本实施例中,多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第二电机90,第二电机90与小太阳轮30传动连接。
具体的,第二电机90为发电机并与电池组电连接,发动机10驱动驱动轴转动的同时,也会带动第二电机90的转轴转动,第二电机90发电并将电量储存至电池组,电池组也与第一电机80连接,电池组储存的电量能够供于第一电机80。
本实施例中,多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第一制动器110,第一制动器110用于制动行星架40。
在多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置不包括其余能够限制拉维娜式行星齿轮其余构成元件动作的制动器和/或离合器时,第一制动器110可以使得多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置形成两个控制模式。具体的,第一制动器110断开,即行星架40能够绕驱动轴的轴线转动,多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置实现增程模式,此时,在电池组电量充足时,电池组驱动第一电机80,提供整车驱动功率需求,此时发动机10不参与工作,当电池组电量消耗到一定程度时,发动机10启动,发动机10驱动第二电机90上的转轴转动,第二电机90发电以对电池组进行充电,当电池组电量充足时,发动机10又停止工作,由第一电机80驱动,提供整车驱动。或者,第一制动器110接合,即行星架40不能绕驱动轴的轴线转动,多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置实现并联一挡模式,此时,驱动轴和齿圈50的转速比固定,可以只发动机10工作,以提供整车驱动功率需求;或者,也可以联合第一电机80共同驱动车辆行驶,在整个工作过程中,第二电机90持续发电,以将发动机10的多余功率转化为电能储存至电池组。
值得说明的,在第一制动器110断开时,第二电机90可以直接输出转矩以启动发动机10。
本实施例中,第一制动器110为单向制动器,其只在一个旋转方向具有制动功能,结构简单,多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置的生产成本更低。
或者,第一制动器110还可以为其他类型的制动器,如湿式多片式制动器。
本实施例中,多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第二制动器120,第二制动器120用于制动大太阳轮20。
在多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置除了第一制动器110和第二制动器120外,不包括其余能够限制拉维娜式行星齿轮其余构成元件动作的制动器和/或离合器时,第一制动器110和第二制动器120可以使得多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置形成另外两种控制模式。具体的,第一制动器110断开,第二制动器120接合,即大太阳轮20不能绕驱动轴的轴线转动,多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置实现并联二挡模式,此时,驱动轴和齿圈50的转速比固定,并大于并联一挡模式时的转速比,可以只发动机10工作,以提供整车驱动功率需求;或者,也可以联合第一电机80共同驱动车辆行驶;在整个工作过程中,第二电机90持续发电,以将发动机10的多余功率转化为电能储存至电池组。
值得说明的,在第一制动器110断开,第二制动器120接合时,也可以实现纯电模式,即发动机10和第二电机90均不工作,第一电机80单独驱动车辆行驶;或者,发动机10不工作,第一电机80和第二电机90联合驱动车辆行驶。该模式下还可以通过两个电机的反转实现倒挡。
本实施例中,第二制动器120为湿式多片式制动器。
具体的,通过设置湿式多片式制动器,在车辆行驶过程中,可以通过踩下脚踏阀,在一定范围内进行缓慢调节制动力,从而保证了车辆运行的平稳性。
参照图1和图2,本实施例中,多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第一离合器130,第一离合器130连接于大太阳轮20和第二电机90之间。
在多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置除了第一制动器110、第二制动器120和第一离合器130外,不包括其余能够限制拉维娜式行星齿轮其余构成元件动作的制动器和/或离合器时,三者可以使得多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置形成另外一种控制模式。具体的,第一制动器110和第二制动器120均断开,第一离合器130接合,多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置实现并联三挡模式,此时,大太阳轮20和第二电机90的转轴通过第一离合器130固定连接,驱动轴和齿圈50的转速比固定,并大于并联二挡模式时的转速比,可以只发动机10工作,以提供整车驱动功率需求;或者,也可以联合第一电机80共同驱动车辆行驶;在整个工作过程中,第二电机90持续发电,以将发动机10的多余功率转化为电能储存至电池组。
或者,也可以设置第一离合器130连接于大太阳轮20和行星架40之间,在第一制动器110和第二制动器120均断开时,第一离合器130接合以固接大太阳轮20和行星架40,同样可以实现与上述驱动轴和齿圈50的转速比不同的另一种模式,满足本实施例对车辆多挡调速的需求。
值得说明的,在第一制动器110和第二制动器120断开时,第一离合器130无论接合还是断开,都可以实现驻车发电模式和制动能回收模式。车辆处于驻车发电模式时,通过驻车锁止机构停止齿圈50的转动,发动机10工作使得第二电机90发电并用于电池组的充电。车辆处于制动能回收模式时,车辆下坡或制动时减小的动能经第一轴70传至第一电机80,第一电机80输出制动转矩,第一电机80发电并给予电池组充电,此时,若第一离合器130接合,第二电机90也可以联合第一电机80输出制动转矩,两者共同发电以给电池组充电。
本实施例中,第一离合器130为湿式多片式离合器,湿式多片式离接合时,对动力的传递更加平滑柔和,多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置使用寿命更长。
参照图3,本实施例中,多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还可以包括第二轴150、第三轴160以及连接两者的第二离合器140;发动机10与第二轴150传动连接,第二电机90与第三轴160传动连接,小太阳轮30与第三轴160固接。
具体的,通过设置小太阳轮30与第三轴160固接,在第二离合器140接合时,第二轴150和第三轴160固接,此时,车辆可以实现上述所有挡位的调节;在第二离合器140断开时,只有第二电机90能够驱动小太阳轮30转动,此时,第一电机80和第二电机90可以共同完成对车辆的驱动。
请参照图4,值得说明的,在小太阳轮30与第三轴160固接时,也可以设置第二电机90的转轴一端与第三轴160固接,另一端与第二轴150上的发动机10传动连接,同样可以实现双电机驱动模式。
请参照图5,本实施例中,多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还可以包括第四轴170、固接于第四轴170的第二齿轮180、第五轴190以及固接于第五轴190的第三齿轮200,第二齿轮180与第三齿轮200啮合,发动机10与第四轴170传动连接,第二电机90与第五轴190传动连接,小太阳轮30与第四轴170固接。
本实施例设置小太阳轮30与第四轴170固接,发动机10直接驱动小太阳轮30的转动,发动机10的转速即为小太阳轮30的转速,此时,通过设置第二齿轮180和第三齿轮200的传动比的不同,不需要再保证发动机10和第二电机90的转速相同,发动机10和第二电机90的选择性更灵活。
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例中的特征可以相互结合。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,其特征在于,包括:
拉维娜式行星齿轮,所述拉维娜式行星齿轮包括大太阳轮(20)、小太阳轮(30)、行星架(40)和齿圈(50);
发动机(10),所述发动机(10)与所述小太阳轮(30)传动连接;
第一轴(70),所述第一轴(70)固接有第一齿轮(60),所述第一齿轮(60)与所述齿圈(50)传动连接,所述第一轴(70)用于输出动力;以及
第一电机(80),所述第一电机(80)与所述第一轴(70)传动连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,其特征在于,所述多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第二电机(90),所述第二电机(90)与所述小太阳轮(30)传动连接。
3.根据权利要求2所述的多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,其特征在于,所述多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第一制动器(110),所述第一制动器(110)用于制动所述行星架(40)。
4.根据权利要求3所述的多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,其特征在于,所述第一制动器(110)为单向制动器。
5.根据权利要求3所述的多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,其特征在于,所述多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第二制动器(120),所述第二制动器(120)用于制动所述大太阳轮(20)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,其特征在于,所述第二制动器(120)为湿式多片式制动器。
7.根据权利要求5所述的多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,其特征在于,所述多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第一离合器(130),所述第一离合器(130)连接于所述大太阳轮(20)和第二电机(90)之间。
8.根据权利要求7所述的多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,其特征在于,所述第一离合器(130)为湿式多片式离合器。
9.根据权利要求2-8任一项所述的多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,其特征在于,所述多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第二轴(150)、第三轴(160)以及连接两者的第二离合器(140);
所述发动机(10)与所述第二轴(150)传动连接,所述第二电机(90)与所述第三轴(160)传动连接,所述小太阳轮(30)与所述第三轴(160)固接。
10.根据权利要求2-8任一项所述的多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置,其特征在于,所述多挡位串并联式机电耦合传动装置还包括第四轴(170)、固接于所述第四轴(170)的第二齿轮(180)、第五轴(190)以及固接于所述第五轴(190)的第三齿轮(200),所述第二齿轮(180)与所述第三齿轮(200)啮合;
所述发动机(10)与所述第四轴(170)传动连接,所述第二电机(90)与所述第五轴(190)传动连接,所述小太阳轮(30)与所述第四轴(170)固接。
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