CN110882927A - Material sorting device and material sorting method - Google Patents
Material sorting device and material sorting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110882927A CN110882927A CN201911279861.7A CN201911279861A CN110882927A CN 110882927 A CN110882927 A CN 110882927A CN 201911279861 A CN201911279861 A CN 201911279861A CN 110882927 A CN110882927 A CN 110882927A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/04—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size
- B07B13/05—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size using material mover cooperating with retainer, deflector or discharger
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/14—Details or accessories
- B07B13/16—Feed or discharge arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/14—Details or accessories
- B07B13/18—Control
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Abstract
The invention discloses a material sorting device and a material sorting method, and relates to the technical field of material sorting. The material sorting device comprises: a feeding mechanism and a material conveying belt; the material conveying belt comprises a horizontal conveying belt and at least one section of inclined conveying belt; the material conveying belt is provided with material baffles at intervals; the material baffle has a preset height and forms an included angle with the material conveying belt; when the materials pass through the inclined conveyor belt, the materials with the particle size larger than or equal to the preset size roll down to the horizontal conveyor belt; the materials with the grain diameter smaller than the preset size are continuously conveyed forwards under the support of the material baffle plate. The material sorting method comprises the following steps: feeding materials to a material conveying belt, conveying and sorting the materials by the material conveying belt, and rolling the materials with the particle size larger than or equal to a preset size from the inclined conveying belt back to the horizontal conveying belt; the material with the grain diameter smaller than the preset size is continuously conveyed forwards. The invention can realize high efficiency and standardization of material sorting and reduce collision among materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material sorting, in particular to a material sorting device and a material sorting method.
Background
In industrial production activities, especially enterprises for preparing spherical and granular products, it is necessary to classify the granular products based on different purposes and requirements. Currently, screening operations are mainly divided into two categories:
firstly, manually screening, wherein an operator equally selects materials with different specifications through visual identification or by means of some measuring tools; however, manual screening has the problems of complex operation, high cost, difficulty in unifying standards due to subjective factors and the like.
Secondly, screening by using a screen, wherein the screen is used for feeding materials intermittently, and the screen is required to be vibrated continuously to complete screening; however, there are still problems when using screens for screening, such as: low screening efficiency, materials are abraded due to mutual friction and collision, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a material sorting device and a material sorting method, which are used for solving the problem of low material sorting efficiency in the prior art.
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides:
a material sorting apparatus comprising:
the feeding mechanism is used for discharging;
the material conveying belt is positioned below the feeding mechanism; the material conveying belt comprises a horizontal conveying belt and at least one section of inclined conveying belt forming a certain included angle with the horizontal direction; the material conveying belt is provided with a plurality of material baffles at intervals along the conveying direction of the material conveying belt and is used for pushing materials to move forwards; the material baffle has a preset height and forms an included angle with the material conveying belt; when the materials pass through the inclined conveyor belt, the materials with the particle size larger than or equal to the preset size will roll down to the horizontal conveyor belt; material with a particle size smaller than the preset size will continue to be conveyed forward supported by the material baffle.
Further, the angle α between the inclined conveyor belt and the horizontal is set to 0 ° < α <90 °.
Further, an included angle β between the material baffle and the material conveying belt is set to be equal to or larger than 45 degrees and equal to or smaller than β degrees and equal to or smaller than 135 degrees.
Further, formula cos α ═ (R-hsin β)/R is satisfied, in which,
α is the angle between the inclined conveyor belt and the horizontal direction;
β is the included angle between the material baffle and the material conveyor belt;
h is the height of the material baffle;
2R is the preset size;
when the particle size of the material to be sorted is smaller than 2R, the material to be sorted is conveyed forwards by the material conveying belt; when the particle size of the material to be sorted is larger than or equal to 2R, the material to be sorted falls back to the horizontal conveyor belt.
Further, the material sorting device also comprises a material pushing mechanism which is used for pushing the materials rolling back to the horizontal conveyor belt; the pushing mechanism is arranged on one side of the horizontal conveying belt; the pushing mechanism comprises a driving device and a pushing hand which are connected with each other, and the driving device drives the pushing hand to realize pushing action; the material pushing hand is positioned above the horizontal conveyor belt.
Further, the material sorting device further comprises a first controller and a first thickness sensor, wherein the first controller is respectively connected with the material pushing mechanism and the first thickness sensor;
the first thickness sensor is used for detecting the thickness of the material stacked at the tail end of the horizontal conveyor belt and feeding back thickness information to the first controller;
a first material thickness threshold is preset in the first controller, and the first controller compares the thickness information with the first material thickness threshold;
when the thickness information is larger than or equal to the first material thickness threshold, the first controller controls the material pushing mechanism to execute material pushing action;
and when the thickness information is smaller than the first material thickness threshold value, the first controller controls the material pushing mechanism to stop operating.
Further, the material sorting device further comprises a second controller and a second thickness sensor; the second controller is respectively connected with the feeding mechanism and the second thickness sensor; the second thickness sensor is arranged at one end, close to the feeding mechanism, of the material conveying belt and used for detecting the feeding thickness of the material conveying belt and feeding the feeding thickness information back to the second controller, and the second controller controls the discharging speed of the feeding mechanism according to the feeding thickness information.
Further, a second material thickness threshold is preset in the second controller, and the feeding thickness information is compared with the second material thickness threshold;
when the feeding thickness is smaller than or equal to the second material thickness threshold value, the second controller controls the feeding mechanism to continue discharging;
and when the feeding thickness information is larger than the second material thickness threshold value, the second controller controls the feeding mechanism to reduce the discharging speed or stop discharging.
Further, the material sorting device comprises a plurality of groups of material conveying belts which are sequentially connected in series, and excess materials conveyed by the former group of material conveying belts are used as feeding materials of the latter group of material conveying belts; the preset heights of the material baffles on the multiple groups of material conveying belts are gradually reduced.
The invention also provides a material sorting method, which comprises the following steps:
placing materials at the feeding end of a material conveying belt, wherein the material conveying belt comprises a horizontal conveying belt and an inclined conveying belt, and a plurality of material baffles with preset heights are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the material conveying belt;
the material baffle of the material conveying belt gradually conveys the materials from the horizontal conveying belt to the inclined conveying belt;
when the materials pass through the inclined conveyor belt, the materials with the particle size larger than or equal to the preset size roll off from the inclined conveyor belt to the horizontal conveyor belt; the material with the particle size smaller than the preset size is continuously conveyed forwards under the support of the material baffle plate on the material conveying belt.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the material sorting device provided by the invention comprises a feeding mechanism and a material conveying belt, wherein the material conveying belt is provided with a material baffle plate to push materials to be conveyed forwards, and the materials can be separated; in addition, the material conveying belt comprises a horizontal conveying belt and an inclined conveying belt, the inclined conveying belt rolls the materials with the particle size larger than or equal to the preset size to the horizontal conveying belt, the materials with the particle size smaller than the preset size are remained on the inclined conveying belt and are conveyed forwards under the boosting action of the material baffle, and therefore the materials with different particle sizes are separated; the material sorting machine uses the material conveying belt for sorting, has uniform sorting standard, and can avoid artificial subjective factors, thereby realizing the standardization and automation of material sorting, improving the sorting efficiency, reducing the labor cost, and effectively reducing the problem of crushing of materials due to mutual collision.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a primary material sorting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the pushing mechanism according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the setting parameters of the material baffle, the setting parameters of the conveyor belt and the preset size of the particle size of the material according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage material sorting apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage material sorting apparatus according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main element symbols:
1-a material conveyor belt; 101-a first horizontal conveyor belt; 102-a first inclined conveyor belt; 103-a second horizontal conveyor belt; 104-a second inclined conveyor; 105-a third inclined conveyor; 106-a third horizontal conveyor; 107-a fourth inclined conveyor; 2-material baffle; 3-a transmission wheel; 4-a material pushing mechanism; 401 — a drive device; 402-shoving hand; 403-a connecting rod; 5-a feeding mechanism; 501-a feed opening; 6-a first material receiving mechanism; 601-a first discharge port; 7-a second material receiving mechanism; 701-a second discharge hole.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a material sorting apparatus for sorting materials one by one according to sorting criteria of different sizes and particle diameters. The material sorting device can be applied to sorting cylindrical, spherical and other materials.
In an embodiment, the material sorting device comprises a feeding mechanism 5 for discharging and a material conveying belt 1 for sorting materials. The feeding mechanism 5 is arranged above one end of the material conveying belt 1, and the feeding mechanism 5 is used for delivering materials to be sorted to the material conveying belt 1. One end of the feeding mechanism 5, which is close to the material conveying belt 1, is provided with a feed opening 501, so that the material in the feeding mechanism 5 is sent to the material conveying belt 1. The material conveyor belt 1 sorts the materials to be sorted issued by the feeding mechanism 5, and selects the target materials meeting the standard.
In this embodiment, the material sorting apparatus includes a set of the material conveying belt 1, and the material conveying belt 1 is supported by a driving wheel 3. A plurality of material baffles 2 are uniformly arranged on the material conveying belt 1 at intervals and used for conveying boosting materials forwards. The material baffle 2 has a preset height, a cavity for accommodating materials is formed between the material baffle 2 and the material conveying belt 1, and the materials can be supported in the material conveying process. The material conveying belt 1 comprises a section of first horizontal conveying belt 101 which is horizontally arranged and a section of first inclined conveying belt 102 which forms a certain included angle with the horizontal direction; the first inclined conveyor belt 102 is inclined upward in the conveying direction. The feeding mechanism 5 is disposed at an end of the first horizontal conveyor belt 101 away from the first inclined conveyor belt 102, so that the delivered material passes through the first horizontal conveyor belt 101 and then enters the first inclined conveyor belt 102.
Of course, in other embodiments, the spacing between the material baffles 2 can be set to different distances.
When the sorting machine works, the feeding mechanism 5 gradually sends materials to be sorted to the material conveying belt 1 up and down; after passing through the first horizontal conveyor belt 101, the material moves onto the first inclined conveyor belt 102 under the boosting action of the material baffle 2. When the materials pass through the first inclined conveyor belt 102, the materials with the particle size larger than or equal to the preset size roll back to the first horizontal conveyor belt 101 through the material baffle 2; the material with the particle size smaller than the preset size is conveyed forwards under the support of the material baffle plate 2. That is, the target material rolls back to the first horizontal conveyor belt 101, and the remainders on the material conveyor belt 1 are continuously conveyed backward, thereby achieving sorting of the materials.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in a further embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, an included angle α between the first inclined conveyor belt 102 and the horizontal direction is set to be 0 ° < α ° <90 °, and an included angle β between the material baffle 2 and the material conveyor belt 1 is set to be 45 ° < β ° or less than 135 °.
The vertical height of the material baffle 2, the included angle α between the first inclined conveyor belt 102 and the horizontal direction and the radius of the materials to be sorted meet the requirement that cos α is (R-H)/R, wherein α is the included angle between the inclined conveyor belt and the horizontal direction, H is the vertical height from the material baffle 2 to the material conveyor belt 1, and 2R is the preset size.
The vertical height H of the material baffle plate 2 and the actual height H of the material baffle plate 2 meet the following conditions:
β is an included angle between the material baffle 2 and the material conveying belt 1, H is an actual height of the material baffle 2, and H is a vertical height from the material baffle 2 to the material conveying belt 1.
Furthermore, the actual height h of the material baffle 2, the included angle β between the material baffle 2 and the material conveyor belt 1, the included angle α between the first inclined conveyor belt 102 and the horizontal direction and the radius R of the material to be sorted satisfy the requirement that cos α is (R-hsin β)/R.
When the particle size of the material to be sorted is less than 2R, the material is conveyed to a lower stage by the first inclined conveyor belt 102; when the particle size of the material to be sorted is greater than or equal to 2R, the material will roll back to the first horizontal conveyor belt 101, thereby realizing sorting out of the material to be sorted.
Specifically, in the embodiment, an included angle α between the first inclined conveyor belt 102 and the horizontal direction is set to be 45 degrees, the material baffle 2 is arranged perpendicular to the material conveyor belt 1, when a target material with a particle size larger than or equal to 2mm needs to be sorted, the actual height h of the material baffle 2 needs to be set to be 0.29mm, in the working process, the material with the particle size larger than or equal to 2mm can roll off the first inclined conveyor belt 102 and fall back onto the first horizontal conveyor belt 101, then the target material is pushed off by the material pushing mechanism 4, and the material with the particle size smaller than 2mm can be continuously conveyed forward under the boosting effect of the material baffle 2.
In other embodiments, the angle α between the first inclined conveyor belt 102 and the horizontal is set to 5 °, the angle β between the material baffle 2 and the material conveyor belt 1 is set to 135 °, and when a target material with a particle size of 4mm or more is to be sorted, the actual height h of the material baffle 2 is set to 0.011 mm.
In other embodiments, the angle α between the first inclined conveyor belt 102 and the horizontal is set to 85 °, the angle β between the material baffle 2 and the material conveyor belt 1 is set to 45 °, and when a target material with a particle size of 2mm or more is to be sorted, the actual height h of the material baffle 2 is set to 1.29 mm.
In other embodiments, the size of the included angle α between the first inclined conveyor belt 102 and the horizontal direction, the actual height h of the material baffle 2, and the size of the included angle β between the material baffle 2 and the material conveyor belt 1 can be adjusted according to the particle size of the target material and the requirement of the site operation.
Further, in an embodiment, the material sorting apparatus further includes a material pushing mechanism 4, configured to push away the target material that rolls back on the first horizontal conveyor belt 101. The pushing mechanism 4 is arranged on one side of the first horizontal conveyor belt 101; the pushing mechanism 4 is disposed at the tail end of the first horizontal conveyor belt 101, i.e., at an end close to the first inclined conveyor belt 102.
Further, in an embodiment, the material sorting apparatus further includes a first controller (not shown in the figure) and a first thickness sensor (not shown in the figure), and the first controller is connected to the material pushing mechanism 4 and the first thickness sensor respectively.
The first thickness sensor is arranged on one side of the first horizontal conveyor belt 101, and the first thickness sensor is arranged at a position corresponding to the material pushing mechanism 4. The first thickness sensor is used for detecting the thickness of the material stacked at the tail end of the first horizontal conveyor belt 101 and feeding back the thickness information of the material to the first controller, so that the first controller judges whether to control the material pushing mechanism 4 to execute material pushing action or not according to the thickness of the material.
A first material thickness threshold is preset in the first controller, and the first controller compares the thickness information with the first material threshold; when the first thickness sensor detects that the thickness of the material is larger than or equal to the first material thickness threshold value, the first controller controls the material pushing mechanism 4 to push away the sorted target material. When the thickness of the material detected by the first thickness sensor is smaller than the first material thickness threshold value, the first controller controls the pushing mechanism 4 to stop operating.
The first thickness sensor can be one of an eddy current thickness sensor, a magnetic thickness sensor, a capacitance thickness sensor, an ultrasonic thickness sensor, a nuclear radiation thickness sensor, an X-ray thickness sensor, a microwave thickness sensor, an inductive displacement sensor, a capacitive displacement sensor, a potentiometer displacement sensor, a Hall displacement sensor and the like.
In an embodiment, the material sorting apparatus further includes a second controller (not shown) and a second thickness sensor (not shown), and the second controller is connected to the feeding mechanism 5 and the second thickness sensor respectively.
The second thickness sensor is disposed at one side of the first horizontal transfer belt 101. The second thickness sensor is arranged at one end, close to the feeding mechanism 5, of the first horizontal conveyor belt 101; the second thickness sensor is used for detecting the feeding thickness of the material conveying belt and feeding the feeding thickness information back to the second controller, and the second controller controls the discharging speed of the feeding mechanism 5 according to the feeding thickness information. Thereby realize the even blowing effect of feeding mechanism 5 avoids material conveyer belt 1 appears the problem that the material is piled up.
And a second material thickness threshold value is preset in the second controller, and the feeding thickness information is compared with the second material thickness threshold value. When the feeding thickness is smaller than or equal to the second material thickness threshold value, the second controller controls the feeding mechanism 5 to continue discharging; and when the feeding thickness information is larger than the second material thickness threshold value, the second controller controls the feeding mechanism 5 to reduce the discharging speed or stop discharging. So that the material feeding of the material conveying belt 1 is uniform and the accumulation and blockage are avoided.
In an embodiment, the second thickness threshold is smaller than the first thickness threshold, so as to ensure that the materials pushed by the pushing mechanism 4 are all target materials rolling back from the first inclined conveyor belt 102, and avoid pushing unsorted materials.
In other embodiments, the material sorting device may be provided with a controller, and the controller controls the linkage action of the first thickness sensor and the pushing mechanism 4, and the linkage action of the second thickness sensor and the feeding mechanism 5.
Of course, in other embodiments, the material sorting apparatus may be directly connected to an external controller for controlling the operation of the material sorting apparatus.
In an embodiment, the second thickness sensor may be one of an eddy current thickness sensor, a magnetic thickness sensor, a capacitive thickness sensor, an ultrasonic thickness sensor, a nuclear radiation thickness sensor, an X-ray thickness sensor, a microwave thickness sensor, an inductive displacement sensor, a capacitive displacement sensor, a potentiometer displacement sensor, a hall displacement sensor, and the like.
In an embodiment, the pushing mechanism 4 includes a driving device 401 and a pushing hand 402; the pusher hand 402 is connected to the driving device 401 through a connecting rod 403. The driving device 401 is used for driving the pushing hand 402 to realize pushing action; the driving device 401 drives the pushing hand 402 to advance, so as to push away the target material on the material conveying belt 1; the moving direction of the pusher 402 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the first horizontal conveyor belt 101. In this embodiment, the driving device 401 is a cylinder; the pusher arm 402 has a plate-shaped structure.
The pushing hand 402 is located above the first horizontal conveyor belt 101, and a vertical distance between the pushing hand 402 and the first horizontal conveyor belt 101 is greater than the second material thickness threshold. Therefore, when the pushing mechanism 4 performs a pushing action, the material to be sorted conveyed on the first horizontal conveyor belt 101 is prevented from being pushed away together.
In other embodiments, the driving device 401 may also be a linear stepping motor or the like, so as to drive the material pushing hand 402 to perform a material pushing action.
Further, in the embodiment, the feeding mechanism 5 may be one of a hopper for intermittently and uniformly feeding materials or a conveyor belt for uniformly discharging materials. In this embodiment, the feeding mechanism 5 is a hopper for intermittently and uniformly feeding materials.
In the embodiment, the material conveying belt 1 is made of one of materials such as polyurethane, fluororubber, silicon rubber and the like, which have wear resistance, impact resistance, good toughness and are not easy to pollute materials.
The material baffle 2 is made of one of wear-resistant, tough and impact-resistant materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon and fluororubber. The material baffle 2 is detachably mounted on the material conveying belt 1, and the connection mode of the material baffle 2 includes but is not limited to a buckling connection mode, a bolt connection mode, a powerful adsorption mode and the like. Of course, it is not excluded that in other embodiments, the material baffle 2 is connected to the material conveying belt 1 in a non-detachable manner, and the connection manner includes, but is not limited to, bonding, integral arrangement, and the like.
Further, in an embodiment, the material sorting apparatus further includes a first material receiving mechanism 6, the first material receiving mechanism 6 is disposed below the first horizontal conveyor belt 101, and the first material receiving mechanism 6 is configured to collect the target material pushed away by the material pushing mechanism 4. A first discharge hole 601 is formed below the first material receiving mechanism 6 and used for discharging collected target materials.
The material sorting device further comprises a second material receiving mechanism 7, and the second material receiving mechanism 7 is arranged below one end, far away from the first horizontal conveyor belt 101, of the first inclined conveyor belt 102. The second material receiving mechanism 7 is used for collecting the materials left after the materials are sorted; and a second discharge hole 701 is arranged below the second material receiving mechanism 7 and used for discharging the collected residual materials.
When the material sorting machine works, the feeding mechanism 5 uniformly sends materials to be sorted up and down to the material conveying belt 1. The second thickness sensor is used for acquiring the feeding thickness of the feeding end of the material conveying belt 1 and feeding the acquired feeding thickness information back to the second controller; the second controller adjusts the speed of the material issuing from the feeding mechanism 5 according to the feeding thickness. The material conveyor belt 1 conveys materials forward gradually; as material moves to the first inclined conveyor 102, the target material will roll off the first inclined conveyor 102 back onto the first horizontal conveyor 101. The first thickness sensor collects the thickness of the material at the tail end of the first horizontal conveyor belt 101, and sends collected material thickness information to the first controller. When the thickness of the material collected by the first thickness sensor is larger than or equal to the first material thickness threshold, the first controller controls the material pushing mechanism 4 to execute a material pushing action, and the target material is pushed into the first material receiving mechanism 6. The remaining material on the first inclined conveyor belt 102 is transported further and falls into the second receiving mechanism 7. The user, the material that the discharge gate of accessible receiving agencies below will be collected is taken out. In this embodiment, can be according to the size of material particle size with the material divide into two parts, realize that the first grade material is selected separately.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 5, the difference between the second embodiment is:
in this embodiment, the material sorting apparatus includes two sets of material conveyor belts 1, namely, a first set of material conveyor belts and a second set of material conveyor belts; two groups of the material conveying belts 1 are connected in series. The feeding mechanism 5 is arranged corresponding to one end of the first group of material conveying belts far away from the second group of material conveying belts. The excess material conveyed by the first group of material conveying belts is used as the feeding material of the second group of material conveying belts.
The first set of material conveyors comprises a first horizontal conveyor 101 and a first inclined conveyor 102. The second set of material conveyors comprises a second horizontal conveyor 103 and a second inclined conveyor 104. The first horizontal conveyor belt 101, the first inclined conveyor belt 102, the second horizontal conveyor belt 103, and the second inclined conveyor belt 104 are arranged in this order. The first inclined conveyor belt 102 carries the remaining material to the second horizontal conveyor belt 103, which again sorts the remaining material by the second set of material conveyor belts.
One side of each of the first horizontal conveyor belt 101 and the second horizontal conveyor belt 103 is provided with a material pushing mechanism 4; correspondingly, the first horizontal conveyor belt 101 and the second horizontal conveyor belt 103 are provided with first thickness sensors at positions corresponding to the pushing mechanism 4. And a first material receiving mechanism 6 is arranged below the first horizontal conveyor belt 101 and the second horizontal conveyor belt 103. The second receiving mechanism 7 is disposed below one end of the second inclined conveyor belt 104 far away from the second horizontal conveyor belt 103.
Through adjusting the height of the material baffle 2, the included angle between the material baffle 2 on the two groups of material conveying belts 1 and the material conveying belt 1, the included angle between the first inclined conveying belt 102 and the horizontal direction, the included angle between the second inclined conveying belt 104 and the horizontal direction and other parameters, the first inclined conveying belt 102 and the second inclined conveying belt 104 respectively roll the materials with different particle sizes back to the corresponding horizontal conveying belts. And then, the target material is pushed into the corresponding first material receiving mechanism 6 by the corresponding material pushing mechanism 4. Therefore, the material sorting device in the embodiment can realize two-stage sorting of materials.
In other embodiments, the material sorting device may further include three, four, or other numbers of material conveying belts 1, and the plurality of material conveying belts 1 are connected in series in sequence, so that the horizontal conveying belt and the inclined conveying belt are spaced apart from each other. The materials with different specifications are sorted out by adjusting corresponding parameters of the material conveying belts 1 of each group, so that multi-stage material sorting is formed.
For example, in some embodiments, the material sorting apparatus comprises five sets of material conveyors 1 connected in series; in each group of material conveying belts 1, the inclined angles of the inclined conveying belts are all set to be the same, and the included angles between the material baffle plates 2 and the material conveying belts are all set to be the same; the heights of the material baffles 2 in each group of material conveying belts 1 are sequentially reduced progressively, and then the materials can be sorted in five stages.
Example four
Referring to fig. 6, the difference between the second embodiment is:
in this embodiment, the material sorting apparatus comprises a set of material conveyor belts 1. The material conveyor belt 1 comprises a first horizontal conveyor belt 101, a first inclined conveyor belt 102, a third inclined conveyor belt 105, a third horizontal conveyor belt 106 and a fourth inclined conveyor belt 107 which are connected. The third inclined conveyor 105 is inclined downwardly in the conveying direction for engaging the first inclined conveyor 102 and a third horizontal conveyor 106. And one sides of the first horizontal conveyor belt 101 and the third horizontal conveyor belt 106 are both provided with a material pushing mechanism 4. Correspondingly, the first horizontal conveyor belt 101 and the third horizontal conveyor belt 106 are provided with first thickness sensors at positions corresponding to the pushing mechanism 4. A first material receiving mechanism 6 is arranged below the first horizontal conveyor belt 101 and the third horizontal conveyor belt 106. The second receiving mechanism 7 is disposed below one end of the fourth inclined conveyor belt 107 far away from the third horizontal conveyor belt 106.
When the material sorting device is used, materials with different particle sizes can be sorted by adjusting the inclination angle of the first inclined conveyor belt 102 and the inclination angle of the fourth inclined conveyor belt 107, and two-stage material sorting is realized.
Of course, in other embodiments, the material conveying belt 1 may further include other numbers of horizontal conveying belts and inclined conveying belts, and the materials with different radii can be sorted by adjusting the inclination angles of the corresponding inclined conveying belts, so as to realize multi-stage material sorting.
According to the invention, through the spaced arrangement of the plurality of groups of horizontal conveying belts and inclined conveying belts, the sorting of the materials with different radiuses is realized, and the effects of high efficiency, low pollution, simple and convenient operation and the like are achieved. The continuous collision between the materials can be avoided, so that the damage and consumption of the materials can be reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
EXAMPLE five
The embodiment also provides a material sorting method, which comprises the following steps:
s100, firstly, placing the materials to be sorted at the feeding end of the material conveyor belt 1; the material conveying belt 1 comprises a horizontal conveying belt and an inclined conveying belt, and a plurality of material baffles 2 with preset heights are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the material conveying belt 1;
s200, the materials are gradually conveyed to the inclined conveying belt from the horizontal conveying belt by the material baffle 2 of the material conveying belt, and the material baffle 2 plays a role in boosting the materials;
s300, when the materials pass through the inclined conveyor belt, the materials with the particle size larger than or equal to a preset size roll off from the inclined conveyor belt to the horizontal conveyor belt; the material with the particle size smaller than the preset size is continuously conveyed forwards under the support of the material baffle plate on the material conveying belt. Therefore, the purpose of sorting the materials is achieved.
In this embodiment, in S100, the material baffles 2 are uniformly arranged at intervals.
In other embodiments, the spacing between the material baffles 2 may be set at different distances.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A material sorting apparatus, comprising:
the feeding mechanism is used for discharging;
the material conveying belt is positioned below the feeding mechanism; the material conveying belt comprises a horizontal conveying belt and at least one section of inclined conveying belt forming a certain included angle with the horizontal direction; the material conveying belt is provided with a plurality of material baffles at intervals along the conveying direction of the material conveying belt and is used for pushing materials to move forwards; the material baffle has a preset height and forms an included angle with the material conveying belt; when the materials pass through the inclined conveyor belt, the materials with the particle size larger than or equal to the preset size will roll down to the horizontal conveyor belt; material with a particle size smaller than the preset size will continue to be conveyed forward supported by the material baffle.
2. The material sorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the angle α between the inclined conveyor belt and the horizontal is set to 0 ° < α <90 °.
3. The material sorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the angle β between the material singulator and the material conveyor is set to 45 ° ≦ β ≦ 135 °.
4. The material sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
satisfying the formula cos α ═ (R-hsin β)/R, wherein,
α is the angle between the inclined conveyor belt and the horizontal direction;
β is the included angle between the material baffle and the material conveyor belt;
h is the height of the material baffle;
2R is the preset size;
when the particle size of the material to be sorted is smaller than 2R, the material to be sorted is conveyed forwards by the material conveying belt; when the particle size of the material to be sorted is larger than or equal to 2R, the material to be sorted falls back to the horizontal conveyor belt.
5. The material sorting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a pushing mechanism for pushing off the material rolled back to the horizontal conveyor belt; the pushing mechanism is arranged on one side of the horizontal conveying belt; the pushing mechanism comprises a driving device and a pushing hand which are connected with each other, and the driving device drives the pushing hand to realize pushing action; the material pushing hand is positioned above the horizontal conveyor belt.
6. The material sorting device of claim 5, further comprising a first controller and a first thickness sensor, wherein the first controller is connected to the pushing mechanism and the first thickness sensor, respectively;
the first thickness sensor is used for detecting the thickness of the material stacked at the tail end of the horizontal conveyor belt and feeding back thickness information to the first controller;
a first material thickness threshold is preset in the first controller, and the first controller compares the thickness information with the first material thickness threshold;
when the thickness information is larger than or equal to the first material thickness threshold, the first controller controls the material pushing mechanism to execute material pushing action;
and when the thickness information is smaller than the first material thickness threshold value, the first controller controls the material pushing mechanism to stop operating.
7. The material sorting apparatus of claim 1 or 6, further comprising a second controller and a second thickness sensor; the second controller is respectively connected with the feeding mechanism and the second thickness sensor; the second thickness sensor is arranged at one end, close to the feeding mechanism, of the material conveying belt and used for detecting the feeding thickness of the material conveying belt and feeding the feeding thickness information back to the second controller, and the second controller controls the discharging speed of the feeding mechanism according to the feeding thickness information.
8. The material sorting device according to claim 7, wherein a second material thickness threshold is preset in the second controller, and the feeding thickness information is compared with the second material thickness threshold;
when the feeding thickness is smaller than or equal to the second material thickness threshold value, the second controller controls the feeding mechanism to continue discharging;
and when the feeding thickness information is larger than the second material thickness threshold value, the second controller controls the feeding mechanism to reduce the discharging speed or stop discharging.
9. The material sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the material sorting device comprises a plurality of groups of material conveying belts, the plurality of groups of material conveying belts are sequentially connected in series, and excess materials conveyed by a previous group of material conveying belts are used as feeding materials of a next group of material conveying belts; the preset heights of the material baffles on the multiple groups of material conveying belts are gradually reduced.
10. A method of sorting materials, comprising:
placing materials at the feeding end of a material conveying belt, wherein the material conveying belt comprises a horizontal conveying belt and an inclined conveying belt, and a plurality of material baffles with preset heights are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the material conveying belt;
the material baffle of the material conveying belt gradually conveys the materials from the horizontal conveying belt to the inclined conveying belt;
when the materials pass through the inclined conveyor belt, the materials with the particle size larger than or equal to the preset size roll off from the inclined conveyor belt to the horizontal conveyor belt; the material with the particle size smaller than the preset size is continuously conveyed forwards under the support of the material baffle plate on the material conveying belt.
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| CN110882927B (en) | 2020-11-20 |
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