CN110878594A - Glass wool composite board and external thermal insulation construction process for glass wool composite board external wall - Google Patents
Glass wool composite board and external thermal insulation construction process for glass wool composite board external wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN110878594A CN110878594A CN201911004032.8A CN201911004032A CN110878594A CN 110878594 A CN110878594 A CN 110878594A CN 201911004032 A CN201911004032 A CN 201911004032A CN 110878594 A CN110878594 A CN 110878594A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 76
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
- C04B28/065—Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/762—Exterior insulation of exterior walls
- E04B1/7629—Details of the mechanical connection of the insulation to the wall
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a glass wool composite board and a construction process for external thermal insulation of an external wall of the glass wool composite board, wherein the construction process comprises a core material board, a first polymer mortar layer, a second polymer mortar layer, a first glass fiber mesh cloth and a second glass fiber mesh cloth; the core material plate is formed by splicing glass cotton tapes side by side, the glass fibers of the glass cotton tapes are parallel to the thickness direction of the core material plate, and the glass cotton tapes are formed by cutting the glass cotton plates with the glass fibers parallel to the plate surface; the first polymer mortar layer is covered on the front surface of the core material plate, and the first glass fiber grids are arranged in the first polymer mortar layer; the second polymer mortar layer is covered on the reverse side of the core material plate, and the second glass fiber grids are arranged in the second polymer mortar layer. The surface of the glass wool composite board is flat, the glass wool is less exposed, and the compressive strength, the tensile strength perpendicular to the surface and the frost heaving resistance of the glass wool composite board are enhanced; the glass wool composite board is adopted in the external thermal insulation construction of the external wall, so that the construction procedures are reduced, the construction efficiency is improved, the using amount of plastering mortar is reduced, and the construction cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of buildings, in particular to a glass wool composite board and an external thermal insulation construction process for an external wall of the glass wool composite board.
Background
The rapid development of economy in China is accompanied by the high speed of economy, the development of energy is facing more and more serious challenges, and the contradiction between the supply and demand of energy and the inefficient utilization is more and more prominent. In the long term, energy conservation is also a concrete embodiment of national sustainable development capability. According to the basic requirements of the national planning schema, one of the requirements is as follows: insist on building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society as an important point for accelerating the change of economic development modes. The method has the advantages of deeply implementing basic national policies of saving resources and protecting environment, saving energy, reducing the emission intensity of greenhouse gases, developing circular economy, popularizing low-carbon technology, actively coping with climate change, promoting the development of economic society and the coordination of population resource environment, and taking the way of sustainable development. As reported in the British's financial Times, China is currently the second largest oil importing country in the world, second only to the United states. The shortage of per-capita resources shows that the demand of energy is huge in recent years, and the shortage of energy is a main contradiction restricting the economic development of China. Therefore, the problem of building energy conservation is required to be paid high attention, and building energy conservation becomes a key ring for relieving the contradiction of energy shortage in China, improving the quality of the living environment of people, reducing environmental pollution and implementing the strategic goal of sustainable development. The external thermal insulation technology of the external wall is an important technology in building energy conservation.
After the external wall external heat insulation construction technology is introduced into China, the external wall external heat insulation construction technology is developed for over ten years, the heat insulation material is developed from the original molded polystyrene board to the subsequent extruded polystyrene board, and the heat insulation performance is further improved. Due to the occurrence of fire accidents of the outer wall, the fire resistance of the outer wall heat-insulating material is more and more emphasized by people. People begin to add flame retardants into molded plates and extruded sheets to enable insulation boards to have certain fireproof performance, and meanwhile, fireproof isolation is added in an outer wall insulation structure to improve the fireproof effect. For important high-rise buildings, A-level non-combustible heat insulation materials are directly adopted for external wall heat insulation. The common grade-A non-combustible heat-insulating material in the market at present is rock wool, glass wool, foamed glass, slag wool and other materials.
According to the glass wool type heat insulation materials on the market, a glass wool plate is sewn, a glass wool plate is pleated, a steel mesh glass wool plate and the like are arranged. The above glass wool boards are all formed by pressing hydrophobic glass fiber wool, and the surfaces of the glass wool boards are reinforced by alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth or steel mesh, so that the tensile strength is improved.
The drawbacks of the above-mentioned background art mainly exist in the following points:
1. the glass wool type heat preservation product used in the market at present has more exposed glass wool on the surface, is not beneficial to cutting because of being sewn by adopting a glass fiber net or being reinforced by adopting a steel mesh, is inconvenient to construct, has great skin irritation to construction workers and harms the health of the workers. Meanwhile, the surface flatness of the plate is poor, and the flatness required by the specification can be achieved by using thicker plastering mortar to plaster the surface.
2. Most of glass wool heat insulation products used in the market at present are formed by pressing hydrophobic glass wool, and glass fibers of the glass wool heat insulation products are parallel to a board surface. It has low tensile strength and compression strength and relies on surface reinforcing materials. If water enters the board in the using process, the outer wall can be frozen and swelled after entering winter.
3. Because the surface of the heat preservation plate needs to adopt three layers of plastering mortar during construction, the surface weight of the heat preservation plate is increased, the anchoring of the heat preservation of the outer wall is not facilitated, and meanwhile, the material waste is serious.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the current situation of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a glass wool composite board, which has a flat surface and less exposed glass wool, and enhances the compressive strength, the tensile strength perpendicular to the surface and the frost heaving resistance of the glass wool composite board. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a glass wool composite board comprises a core material board, a first polymer mortar layer, a second polymer mortar layer, a first glass fiber mesh cloth and a second glass fiber mesh cloth;
the core material plate is formed by splicing glass cotton belts side by side, glass fibers of the glass cotton belts are parallel to the thickness direction of the core material plate, and the glass cotton belts are formed by cutting glass cotton plates of which the glass fibers are parallel to the plate surface; the first polymer mortar layer is covered on the front surface of the core material plate, and the first glass fiber grids are arranged in the first polymer mortar layer; the second polymer mortar layer is covered on the reverse side of the core material plate, and the second glass fiber grids are arranged in the second polymer mortar layer.
Further, the first polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio, and then preparing the mixture according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
the second polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the powder and water according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
further, the thickness of the first polymer mortar layer is 3-5mm, and the thickness of the second polymer mortar layer is 3-5 mm; the first glass fiber mesh cloth and the second glass fiber mesh cloth are both alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth;
the cement is 42.5 common Portland cement or sulphoaluminate cement; or the cement is a mixture of 42.5 ordinary portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement, and the dosage ratio of the 42.5 ordinary portland cement to the sulphoaluminate cement is 1: 4-11.
Still relate to a glass cotton composite sheet outer wall outer insulation construction technology, glass cotton composite sheet be above-mentioned any technical scheme the glass cotton composite sheet, including the following step:
step 1: cutting a glass wool board with glass fibers parallel to the board surface into glass wool tapes with required sizes; cutting the glass fiber mesh cloth into a first glass fiber mesh cloth and a second glass fiber mesh cloth with preset sizes;
step 2: placing glass wool tapes in parallel in a mould to form a profile plate with a preset size, wherein glass fibers of the glass wool tapes are parallel to the thickness direction of the core plate;
and step 3: coating a polymer mortar layer on the front surface of a profile plate formed by a glass wool belt and pressing a layer of first glass fiber mesh cloth so as to form a first polymer mortar layer on the front surface of the profile plate;
and 4, step 4: coating a polymer mortar layer on the reverse side of the profile plate formed by the glass wool belt and pressing a layer of second glass fiber mesh cloth so as to form a second polymer mortar layer on the reverse side of the profile plate; after the first polymer mortar layer and the second polymer mortar layer are bonded and dried, taking out the formed glass wool composite board from the mold for later use;
and 5: leveling the wall surface;
step 6: performing waterproof treatment on the periphery of the door and window opening;
and 7: paying off and hanging wires, arranging measurement personnel to pay off and hanging wires after the treatment of the base layer wall surface is finished, wherein vertical wires are hung at the internal corner and the external corner, and the vertical wires are hung from the parapet wall hanging wires to the bottommost layer;
and 8: a mounting bracket;
and step 9: pasting and turning over the gridding cloth;
step 10: pasting a composite glass wool board;
step 11: installing an anchor bolt, wherein the anchor bolt installation is carried out after the heat preservation plate is adhered for 24 hours;
step 12: smearing bottom layer and surface adhesive cement and pressing glass fiber gridding cloth in;
step 13: coating surface layer coating mortar;
step 14: and (5) performing exterior finishing operation.
Further, the specific steps of performing waterproof treatment on the periphery of the door and window opening are as follows: after the auxiliary frame is installed, cement mortar is used for smearing a splayed shape between the periphery of the window frame and the large surface of the outer wall, then a JS waterproof belt with the width of 15cm is made on the periphery of the window frame, and JS waterproof paint is pressed into a layer of non-woven fabric to serve as a carcass reinforcing layer.
Further, step 8 specifically comprises: fixing the bracket on the base wall by using expansion bolts; the bracket is made of galvanized flat steel through bending, the bracket is an L-shaped component, the length of a long edge of the bracket is d-15mm, d is the thickness of a glass wool composite plate and has the unit of mm, the length of a short edge of the bracket is 50mm, two mounting holes are arranged on the short edge at intervals, the bracket is fixed through two phi 6 expansion screws, and the depth of the expansion screws penetrating into the wall is not less than 35 mm.
Further, the step 9 of pasting the turning mesh cloth specifically includes the following steps:
before the glass wool composite board is pasted, one side of the turning-over gridding cloth is pasted on a wall through mortar, the other side of the turning-over gridding cloth is used for being pasted on the glass wool composite board through the mortar after the glass wool composite board is pasted, the width of the turning-over gridding cloth is 200mm plus the thickness of the heat preservation board, the width of the turning-over gridding cloth pasted on the wall is 100mm, the turning-over gridding cloth is made of glass fiber net, and the position needing to be subjected to gridding cloth turning-over processing is the side exposed position of the glass wool composite board.
Further, in step 11, the anchor bolt is a phi 10 polyethylene expansion plug, the wall-entering depth of the anchor bolt is 40-50mm, the diameter of a pressure plate of the anchor bolt is 60mm, and the number of the anchor bolts is configured according to the preset number and is arranged in a quincunx shape.
Further, step 12 is specifically as follows: after the anchor bolts are installed and pass the acceptance check, smearing bottom layer plastering mortar on the glass wool composite board, wherein the thickness is 2mm, and after the bottom layer plastering mortar is finished, pressing the reinforced glass fiber mesh cloth into the plastering mortar;
step 13 is specifically as follows: and constructing the surface layer plastering mortar before the bottom layer plastering mortar is condensed or after the bottom layer plastering mortar is finished for 24 hours, wherein the thickness of the surface layer plastering mortar is 1-2 mm.
Further, steps 1 to 4 are all completed in the factory.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the glass cotton composite board and the construction process for the external thermal insulation of the external wall of the glass cotton composite board have the advantages of light weight, good flexibility, high fiber strength, convenience in cutting and good thermal insulation performance, and the glass cotton belt formed by cutting the common glass cotton board with the glass fiber parallel to the board surface forms a profile board, so that the glass fiber of the glass cotton belt is parallel to the thickness direction of the core board, and the compression strength, the surface tensile strength and the frost heaving resistance of the glass cotton composite board are enhanced; the surface is smooth, the glass wool is less exposed, the stimulation to the skin and the respiratory tract of a human body is effectively reduced, and the construction of workers is convenient; the glass wool composite board can be conveniently produced by hydration in a factory, the construction is easy, the construction period is short, and the product quality consistency is good; the glass wool composite board is adopted in the external thermal insulation construction of the external wall, so that the construction procedures are reduced, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced; the consumption of plastering mortar is reduced, the surface flatness of the heat-insulating layer is good, the glass-cotton composite board is more firm to fix, the energy-saving effect is remarkable, the safety is high, and the cost of later-stage repair is reduced.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical schemes and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following will further describe the glass wool composite board and the external thermal insulation construction process of the glass wool composite board external wall in detail with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The glass wool composite board comprises a core material board, a first polymer mortar layer, a second polymer mortar layer, a first glass fiber mesh cloth and a second glass fiber mesh cloth.
The core material plate is formed by splicing glass cotton belts side by side, glass fibers of the glass cotton belts are parallel to the thickness direction of the core material plate, and the glass cotton belts are formed by cutting glass cotton plates of which the glass fibers are parallel to the plate surface; the first polymer mortar layer is covered on the front surface of the core material plate, and the first glass fiber grids are arranged in the first polymer mortar layer; the second polymer mortar layer is covered on the reverse side of the core material plate, and the second glass fiber grids are arranged in the second polymer mortar layer.
Wherein the thickness of the first polymer mortar layer is 3-5mm, and the thickness of the second polymer mortar layer is 3-5 mm.
Preferably, the first glass fiber mesh cloth and the second glass fiber mesh cloth are both alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth.
The first polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the mixture according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
the second polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the powder and water according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
wherein the graded sand consists of 30-80 mesh sand and 80-120 mesh sand, wherein the mass content of the 30-80 mesh sand is 65-70%, and the mass content of the 80-120 mesh sand is 30-35%. Preferably, the mass content of the 30-80 mesh sand is 68%, and the mass content of the 80-120 mesh sand is 32%.
The cement is 42.5 common Portland cement or sulphoaluminate cement; or the cement is a mixture of 42.5 ordinary portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement, and the dosage ratio of the 42.5 ordinary portland cement to the sulphoaluminate cement is 1: 4-11, preferably 1: 7.5.
Anti-sagging agents are also known as anti-sagging agents: anti-sagging agents refer to compounds that increase the viscosity of the paint and prevent sagging during paint curing or construction.
The functional additive can be organic silicon water repellent, starch thixotropic agent, silicone oil defoaming agent, benzene sulfonic acid air entraining agent or polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The sources of the raw materials are not particularly limited, and the raw materials can be purchased from the market.
The polymer mortar used in the first polymer mortar layer on the front surface of the glass wool composite board is mortar with strong anti-cracking performance so as to enhance the anti-cracking effect of the surface decorative layer; the polymer mortar used for the second polymer mortar layer on the reverse side of the glass wool composite board is mortar with strong bonding capability, so that the bonding force between the glass wool composite board and the base layer is enhanced.
Compared with rock wool, foamed glass and other materials, the glass wool composite board selected by the embodiment has the advantages of light weight, good flexibility, high fiber strength and good heat preservation performance. The glass cotton belt formed by cutting the common glass cotton plate with the glass fiber parallel to the plate surface forms the profile plate, so that the glass fiber of the glass cotton belt is parallel to the thickness direction of the core plate, and the compression strength, the surface tensile strength and the frost heaving resistance of the glass cotton composite plate are enhanced; and then coating 3-5mm of anti-crack mortar on the surface of the insulation board, and pressing a layer of alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth in the middle to compound the glass wool board into the size of the standard insulation board.
The glass wool composite board has a smooth surface, less glass wool exposure and convenience for workers to construct. Meanwhile, the using amount of plastering mortar is reduced, and the surface flatness of the heat-insulating layer is good. Because only the construction technology of sewing the glass wool board and pleating the glass wool board stipulates in the present construction technical regulation, and there is not the construction technology standard of other glass wool products, for this reason, carry out the construction technology research of this kind of glass wool composite sheet, can fill domestic blank, provide good reference and basis for the construction of other similar type projects.
According to the technical scheme, the glass wool composite board outer wall external heat insulation construction process comprises the following steps:
step 1: cutting a glass wool board with glass fibers parallel to the board surface into glass wool tapes with required sizes; cutting the glass fiber mesh cloth into a first glass fiber mesh cloth and a second glass fiber mesh cloth with preset sizes;
step 2: placing glass wool tapes in parallel in a mould to form a profile plate with a preset size, wherein glass fibers of the glass wool tapes are parallel to the thickness direction of the core plate;
and step 3: coating a polymer mortar layer on the front surface of a profile plate formed by a glass wool belt and pressing a layer of first glass fiber mesh cloth so as to form a first polymer mortar layer on the front surface of the profile plate;
and 4, step 4: coating a polymer mortar layer on the reverse side of the profile plate formed by the glass wool belt and pressing a layer of second glass fiber mesh cloth so as to form a second polymer mortar layer on the reverse side of the profile plate; after the first polymer mortar layer and the second polymer mortar layer are bonded and dried, taking out the formed glass wool composite board from the mold for later use;
and 5: leveling the wall surface;
step 6: performing waterproof treatment on the periphery of the door and window opening;
and 7: paying off and hanging wires, arranging measurement personnel to pay off and hanging wires after the treatment of the base layer wall surface is finished, wherein vertical wires are hung at the internal corner and the external corner, and the vertical wires are hung from the parapet wall hanging wires to the bottommost layer;
and 8: a mounting bracket;
and step 9: pasting and turning over the gridding cloth;
step 10: pasting a composite glass wool board;
step 11: installing an anchor bolt, wherein the anchor bolt installation is carried out after the heat preservation plate is adhered for 24 hours;
step 12: smearing bottom layer and surface adhesive cement and pressing glass fiber gridding cloth in;
step 13: coating surface layer coating mortar;
step 14: and (5) performing exterior finishing operation.
Wherein, the steps 1 to 4 can be completed in a factory. The first polymer mortar layer and the second polymer mortar layer can also be subjected to cold pressing after being formed, and the cold pressing time is 8-12 hours.
And 5, checking and accepting after the construction of the structural wall is finished, if the local position with overlarge difference is found, leveling by using DP-LR mortar, hanging vertical lines and horizontal lines on the outer wall surface up and down, marking the upper side and the lower side of the window position of the wall surface, and installing a window frame on the outer wall according to the mark, so that the window frame is arranged in the same plane.
If the wall surface is to be plastered and leveled, the wall surface base layer is firstly brushed and slushy by using the interface agent, so that the leveling layer and the structure base layer have enough adhesive force. Cleaning the base layer to make the wall surface have no oil, float and sink, dirt, demoulding agent, weathered substance, paint and soil, and removing the convex material (concrete or mortar of brick joint) from the surface, if necessary, washing with water and drying.
The leveled wall body must meet the requirements of 'quality inspection and evaluation standards for building engineering', and the allowable deviation of the wall body base course is shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
In step 6, the specific steps of performing waterproof treatment on the periphery of the door and the window are as follows: after the auxiliary frame is installed, cement mortar is used for smearing a splayed shape between the periphery of the window frame and the large surface of the outer wall, then a JS waterproof belt with the width of 15cm is made on the periphery of the window frame, and JS waterproof paint is pressed into a layer of non-woven fabric to serve as a carcass reinforcing layer. This embodiment attaches frame installation back and carries out making level of outer wall face, attaches frame periphery according to the design requirement, carries out water repellent, and the way is as follows: and (3) plastering an oblique splayed shape between the periphery of the window frame and the large surface of the outer wall by using cement mortar, manufacturing a JS waterproof belt with the width of 15cm on the periphery of the window frame after plastering, and using a layer of non-woven fabric as a carcass reinforcing layer in the middle of the JS waterproof paint.
In step 7, after finishing the treatment of the base layer wall surface, arranging measurement personnel to pay off and hang wires. The vertical line should be in both directions of the internal and external corners, from the parapet suspension line to the bottommost layer, find out the appropriate control line, usually nailing the reinforcement head up and down, pulling up the steel wire as the permanent control line.
The step 8 specifically comprises the following steps: fixing the bracket on the base wall by using expansion bolts; the bracket is made of galvanized flat steel through bending, the bracket is an L-shaped component, the length of a long edge of the bracket is d-15mm, d is the thickness of a glass wool composite plate and has the unit of mm, the length of a short edge of the bracket is 50mm, two mounting holes are arranged on the short edge at intervals, the bracket is fixed through two phi 6 expansion screws, and the depth of the expansion screws penetrating into the wall is not less than 35 mm.
The bracket is fixed at the initial position of the installation of the glass wool composite board and the position required by the design by using expansion bolts, such as a plinth, a balcony board, the upper edge of a window and the like of the base layer wall body. The bracket is installed one by one in every 2 layers, and the depth of the expansion screw into the wall is preferably 50mm, so that better anchoring reliability is achieved.
Step 9, pasting the turning-over gridding cloth, which comprises the following specific steps:
before the glass wool composite board is pasted, one side of the turning-over gridding cloth is pasted on a wall through mortar, the other side of the turning-over gridding cloth is used for being pasted on the glass wool composite board through the mortar after the glass wool composite board is pasted, the width of the turning-over gridding cloth is 200mm plus the thickness of the heat preservation board, the width of the turning-over gridding cloth pasted on the wall is 100mm, the turning-over gridding cloth is made of glass fiber net, and the position needing to be subjected to gridding cloth turning-over processing is the side exposed position of the glass wool composite board.
The exposed parts of the side edges of the glass wool composite board (such as the two sides of seams such as expansion joints, building settlement joints, temperature joints and the like, door and window openings) are all subjected to gridding cloth turning treatment. The additional glass fiber mesh cloth is additionally arranged at the external corner of the building, the width of each side is 200mm, the additional layer glass fiber mesh cloth with the width of 200mm multiplied by 400mm is adhered at the four corners of the door and window opening, and the additional layer glass fiber mesh cloth is obliquely adhered at an angle of 45 degrees.
The step 10 of adhering the composite glass wool board comprises the following steps;
① the glass wool composite board is cut by a wallpaper knife with standard sizes, such as non-standard sizes at corners and windows, and both sides of the board are cleaned by a brush to remove dirt on the surface and are ready to be pasted.
② preparing bonding mortar, the bonding mortar is prepared by special glue, the metering is accurate, the mixture ratio is according to the mortar specification, the bonding mortar can be used after being stirred for 2 minutes by an electric stirrer, the prepared mortar is used up within 1 hour, and the stirrer is immediately washed clean by water.
③ typesetting of the glass cotton composite board is preferably carried out according to a horizontal book order, the upper and lower joints are staggered, the staggered size is preferably not less than 200mm, the inner and outer corners are processed by staggered stubble, the joint position of the glass cotton board is not at the four corners of the door and window opening, the glass cotton board is provided with a serrated joint at the outer corner, the part extending out of the outer corner is not coated with adhesive, the glass cotton composite board is adhered by adopting a point-and-frame method, the adhering area rate is that when the building height is not more than 24m, the adhering area rate is not less than 40%, when the building height is more than 24m, the adhering area rate is not less than 60%, a stainless steel trowel is used for coating a circle of adhesive mortar with the width of 70mm and the thickness of 10mm along the periphery of the glass cotton composite board, 50mm air outlet holes are reserved at the upper side, the center is 100mm thick and 10mm thick adhesive points according to the diameter of every 200mm, the center is required to slide and compact up and down, and a ruler with the flatness of.
The glass wool board adhered to the local irregular part can be cut on site, the cut surface is perpendicular to the board surface, and the size of the short edge of the glass wool board at the corner of the wall surface is not less than 300 mm.
In the step 11, the anchor bolt is a phi 10 polyethylene expansion plug, the wall-entering depth of the anchor bolt is 40-50mm, the diameter of a pressure plate of the anchor bolt is 60mm, and the number of the anchor bolts is configured according to the preset number and is arranged in a quincunx shape.
And after the glass wool composite board is bonded, auxiliary fixing should be carried out on each board immediately. The adhered glass wool board can be extruded by phi 10 polyethylene expansion plug after 24 hours, the diameter of a drill bit is selected according to the requirements of the existing industry standard anchor bolt for external wall insulation JGT366, and if the base wall is aerated concreteElectric hammers and impact drills should not be used. The depth of the anchoring piece in the wall is 40-50 mm. The pressure plate diameter of the anchor bolt is 60 mm. The number of the anchor bolts is configured according to the calculation requirement of the scheme, and the anchor bolts are preferably arranged in a quincunx shape during construction. When the calculation result requires that the number of anchor bolts is more than 6/m2In the process, the anchor bolts can be added in the middle of the whole plate according to requirements, and meanwhile, the anchor bolts are uniformly distributed in the middle of the plate surface.
Step 12 is specifically as follows: after the anchor bolts are installed and pass the acceptance check, smearing bottom layer plastering mortar on the glass wool composite board, wherein the thickness is 2mm, and after the bottom layer plastering mortar is finished, pressing the reinforced glass fiber mesh cloth into the plastering mortar;
step 13 is specifically as follows: and constructing the surface layer plastering mortar before the bottom layer plastering mortar is condensed or after the bottom layer plastering mortar is finished for 24 hours, wherein the thickness of the surface layer plastering mortar is 1-2 mm.
And after the anchor bolt is installed and is qualified through inspection, bottom layer plastering mortar is smeared on the glass wool composite board, the thickness is about 2mm, and after the bottom layer plastering mortar is finished, the reinforced glass fiber grid cloth is pressed into the plastering mortar. The construction of the surface layer plastering mortar is carried out before the bottom layer plastering mortar is condensed or after 24 hours, the thickness is about 1mm-2mm, and the glass fiber net is only covered, and the outline of the glass fiber net is slightly seen.
The intermittent position of mortar plastering construction should be at the natural disconnection position, such as expansion joint, cantilever platform, etc., to facilitate the lap joint of the subsequent construction. If the continuous wall surface needs to be stopped, the surface layer anti-crack mortar needs to be distributed with the grid cloth, step-shaped slope stubbles are formed between the bottom layer anti-crack mortar, and the stubble spacing is not less than 150 mm.
The glass fiber mesh cloth can not be constructed in rainy days, and the cutting of the glass fiber mesh cloth is carried out along the long edge. The upper and lower lap joints of the standard glass fiber mesh cloth are not less than 80mm, the left and right lap joints are not less than 100mm, and the lap joints are tight. The glass fiber mesh cloth at the internal corner is required to be bent and stuck to the other side of the glass fiber mesh cloth with the width of 80 mm. The glass fiber gridding cloth can not be lapped at corners (internal and external corners), the lapping is continuous, and the width of the uppermost winding corner is not less than 200 mm.
Example 1
The first polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the mixture according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
the second polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the powder and water according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
example 2
The first polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the mixture according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
the second polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the powder and water according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
example 3
The first polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the mixture according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
the second polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the powder and water according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
example 4
The first polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the mixture according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
the second polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the powder and water according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
example 5
The first polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the mixture according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
the second polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the powder and water according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
example 6
The first polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the mixture according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
the second polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials into powder according to the mass percentage ratio and then preparing the powder and water according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
in the above examples 1-6, the cement is sulphoaluminate cement, and the graded sand is composed of 30-80 mesh sand and 80-120 mesh sand, wherein the mass content of the 30-80 mesh sand is 65-70%, and the mass content of the 80-120 mesh sand is 30-35%.
Experiments show that: in examples 1 to 6, the polymer mortar used in the first polymer mortar layer on the front surface of the glass wool composite board has strong crack resistance, so that the crack resistance of the surface decorative layer is enhanced; the polymer mortar used in the second polymer mortar layer on the reverse side of the glass wool composite board has strong bonding capability, so that the bonding force between the glass wool composite board and the base layer can be effectively improved.
In examples 1 to 6, 42.5 portland cement was used as the cement, or a mixture of 42.5 portland cement and sulfoaluminate cement was used as the cement, and the ratio of the amount of 42.5 portland cement to the amount of sulfoaluminate cement was 1: 4 to 11. The experiment also shows that: under the same conditions, the cement can meet the construction standard requirements no matter whether 42.5 common Portland cement is adopted or a mixture of 42.5 common Portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement is adopted, but the effect of adopting sulphoaluminate cement is better than that of adopting the mixture of 42.5 common Portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement, and the effect of adopting the mixture of 42.5 common Portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement is better than that of adopting 42.5 common Portland cement.
The glass cotton composite board and the external wall external thermal insulation construction process of the glass cotton composite board have the advantages of light weight, good flexibility, high fiber strength and good thermal insulation performance, and the glass cotton belt formed by cutting the common glass cotton board with the glass fiber parallel to the board surface forms the section board, so that the glass fiber of the glass cotton belt is parallel to the thickness direction of the core board, and the compression strength, the surface tensile strength and the frost heaving resistance of the glass cotton composite board are enhanced; the surface is smooth, the glass wool is less exposed, the stimulation to the skin and the respiratory tract of a human body is effectively reduced, and the construction of workers is convenient; the glass wool composite board can be conveniently produced by hydration in a factory, the construction is easy, the construction period is short, and the product quality consistency is good; the glass wool composite board is adopted in the external thermal insulation construction of the external wall, so that the construction procedures are reduced, the construction efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced; the consumption of plastering mortar is reduced, the surface flatness of the heat-insulating layer is good, the glass-cotton composite board is more firm to fix, the energy-saving effect is remarkable, the safety is high, and the cost of later-stage repair is reduced.
The material tests show that the performance parameters of the glass wool composite board and the pleated glass wool board are similar, but due to the existence of the composite layer, the anchoring reliability is improved, the composite layer plays a role in plastering mortar on the bottom layer in the original construction method, the later-stage repairing cost is reduced, and the urban image is favorably maintained. Meanwhile, the heat insulation performance of the material is excellent in similar class A heat insulation materials, the energy-saving effect is outstanding, and the requirements of national environmental protection and energy conservation strategies are met.
The construction task of external thermal insulation of the outer wall of the glass cotton composite board is completed through technical research and construction practice of the scheme, and the problem that no glass cotton composite board construction technical standard exists at present is effectively solved. The reference is provided for other projects when the glass wool composite board is used as the external wall heat insulation construction material.
The popularization and the use of the glass wool composite board can reduce the construction cost, reduce the construction procedures, save the construction period and simultaneously have certain help for improving the construction quality.
It should be noted that the features of the above embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The glass wool composite board is characterized by comprising a core material board, a first polymer mortar layer, a second polymer mortar layer, a first glass fiber mesh cloth and a second glass fiber mesh cloth;
the core material plate is formed by splicing glass cotton belts side by side, glass fibers of the glass cotton belts are parallel to the thickness direction of the core material plate, and the glass cotton belts are formed by cutting glass cotton plates of which the glass fibers are parallel to the plate surface; the first polymer mortar layer is covered on the front surface of the core material plate, and the first glass fiber grids are arranged in the first polymer mortar layer; the second polymer mortar layer is covered on the reverse side of the core material plate, and the second glass fiber grids are arranged in the second polymer mortar layer.
2. The glass wool composite board according to claim 1, wherein the first polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by mass into powder and then mixing the powder: the water is prepared according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
the rest is graded sand;
the second polymer mortar layer is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in percentage by mass into powder and then mixing the powder: the water is prepared according to the mass ratio of 4: 1:
the balance being graded sand.
3. The glass wool composite panel according to claim 2, wherein the first polymer mortar layer has a thickness of 3-5mm and the second polymer mortar layer has a thickness of 3-5 mm; the first glass fiber mesh cloth and the second glass fiber mesh cloth are both alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth;
the cement is 42.5 common Portland cement or sulphoaluminate cement; or the cement is a mixture of 42.5 ordinary portland cement and sulphoaluminate cement, and the dosage ratio of the 42.5 ordinary portland cement to the sulphoaluminate cement is 1 (4-11).
4. A construction process for external thermal insulation of an external wall of a glass wool composite board, wherein the glass wool composite board is the glass wool composite board as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: cutting a glass wool board with glass fibers parallel to the board surface into glass wool tapes with required sizes; cutting the glass fiber mesh cloth into a first glass fiber mesh cloth and a second glass fiber mesh cloth with preset sizes;
step 2: placing glass wool tapes in parallel in a mould to form a profile plate with a preset size, wherein glass fibers of the glass wool tapes are parallel to the thickness direction of the core plate;
and step 3: coating a polymer mortar layer on the front surface of a profile plate formed by a glass wool belt and pressing a layer of first glass fiber mesh cloth so as to form a first polymer mortar layer on the front surface of the profile plate;
and 4, step 4: coating a polymer mortar layer on the reverse side of the profile plate formed by the glass wool belt and pressing a layer of second glass fiber mesh cloth so as to form a second polymer mortar layer on the reverse side of the profile plate; after the first polymer mortar layer and the second polymer mortar layer are bonded and dried, taking out the formed glass wool composite board from the mold for later use;
and 5: leveling the wall surface;
step 6: performing waterproof treatment on the periphery of the door and window opening;
and 7: paying off and hanging wires, arranging measurement personnel to pay off and hanging wires after the treatment of the base layer wall surface is finished, wherein vertical wires are hung at the internal corner and the external corner, and the vertical wires are hung from the parapet wall hanging wires to the bottommost layer;
and 8: a mounting bracket;
and step 9: pasting and turning over the gridding cloth;
step 10: pasting a composite glass wool board;
step 11: installing an anchor bolt, wherein the anchor bolt installation is carried out after the heat preservation plate is adhered for 24 hours;
step 12: smearing bottom layer and surface adhesive cement and pressing glass fiber gridding cloth in;
step 13: coating surface layer coating mortar;
step 14: and (5) performing exterior finishing operation.
5. The external thermal insulation construction process of the glass wool composite board external wall according to claim 4, characterized in that the specific steps of waterproof treatment around the door and window opening are as follows: after the auxiliary frame is installed, cement mortar is used for smearing a splayed shape between the periphery of the window frame and the large surface of the outer wall, then a JS waterproof belt with the width of 15cm is made on the periphery of the window frame, and JS waterproof paint is pressed into a layer of non-woven fabric to serve as a carcass reinforcing layer.
6. The external thermal insulation construction process of the glass wool composite board external wall according to claim 4, wherein the step 8 specifically comprises the following steps: fixing the bracket on the base wall by using expansion bolts; the bracket is made of galvanized flat steel through bending, the bracket is an L-shaped component, the length of a long edge of the bracket is d-15mm, d is the thickness of a glass wool composite plate and has the unit of mm, the length of a short edge of the bracket is 50mm, two mounting holes are arranged on the short edge at intervals, the bracket is fixed through two phi 6 expansion screws, and the depth of the expansion screws penetrating into the wall is not less than 35 mm.
7. The external thermal insulation construction process of the glass wool composite board external wall according to claim 4, characterized in that: step 9, pasting the turning-over gridding cloth, which comprises the following specific steps:
before the glass wool composite board is pasted, one side of the turning-over gridding cloth is pasted on a wall through mortar, the other side of the turning-over gridding cloth is used for being pasted on the glass wool composite board through the mortar after the glass wool composite board is pasted, the width of the turning-over gridding cloth is 200mm plus the thickness of the heat preservation board, the width of the turning-over gridding cloth pasted on the wall is 100mm, the turning-over gridding cloth is made of glass fiber net, and the position needing to be subjected to gridding cloth turning-over processing is the side exposed position of the glass wool composite board.
8. The external thermal insulation construction process of the glass wool composite board external wall according to claim 4, characterized in that in step 11, the anchor bolt is a phi 10 polyethylene expansion plug, the anchor bolt has a wall-entering depth of 40-50mm, the pressure plate diameter of the anchor bolt is 60mm, and the number of the anchor bolts is configured according to a preset number and arranged in a quincunx shape.
9. The external thermal insulation construction process of the glass wool composite board for the external wall according to claim 4 is characterized in that the step 12 is as follows: after the anchor bolts are installed and pass the acceptance check, smearing bottom layer plastering mortar on the glass wool composite board, wherein the thickness is 2mm, and after the bottom layer plastering mortar is finished, pressing the reinforced glass fiber mesh cloth into the plastering mortar;
step 13 is specifically as follows: and constructing the surface layer plastering mortar before the bottom layer plastering mortar is condensed or after the bottom layer plastering mortar is finished for 24 hours, wherein the thickness of the surface layer plastering mortar is 1-2 mm.
10. The construction process for the external thermal insulation of the glass wool composite board outer wall according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the steps 1 to 4 are all completed in a factory.
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