CN110876263A - Wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer with acoustic damping properties - Google Patents

Wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer with acoustic damping properties Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110876263A
CN110876263A CN201980002227.0A CN201980002227A CN110876263A CN 110876263 A CN110876263 A CN 110876263A CN 201980002227 A CN201980002227 A CN 201980002227A CN 110876263 A CN110876263 A CN 110876263A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
layer
thermoplastic
thermoplastic layer
protective layer
wedge
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Pending
Application number
CN201980002227.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
S.吉尔
R.布罗克
V.舒尔茨
F-J.拉茨
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
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Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
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Publication of CN110876263A publication Critical patent/CN110876263A/en
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    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
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Abstract

The invention relates to a wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer (1) for a composite glass pane, comprising-a first thermoplastic layer (2) whose total thickness is substantially constant over the length and width, comprising at least a first protective layer (3), a second protective layer (4) and an acoustic damping layer (5) arranged between the first protective layer (3) and the second protective layer (4), and-a second thermoplastic layer (6) having a wedge-shaped cross-section, wherein at least the outer side (3b) of the first protective layer (3) of the first thermoplastic layer (2) has a plurality of elongated protrusions (8) and elongated depressions (9), and at least the inner side (6a) of the second thermoplastic layer (6) has a plurality of elongated protrusions (11) and elongated depressions (12), and the micro-protrusions (8) of the first thermoplastic layer (2) are arranged at an angle of 45 to 90 DEG with respect to the micro-protrusions (11) of the second thermoplastic layer (6).

Description

Wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer with acoustic damping properties
The invention relates to wedge-shaped multilayer interlayers having acoustic damping properties, composite glass panels having such interlayers, methods of making the same, and uses thereof.
The term transport means here includes in particular road vehicles, aircraft, ships, agricultural machines or work tools (Arbeitsgerät).
Composite vitreous glass sheets are also used in other fields. They include e.g. building glass or information displays, e.g. in museums or as advertising displays.
Here, a composite vitreous glass pane usually has two glass panes, which are laminated to an intermediate layer. The glass sheet itself may have curvature and typically has a constant thickness. The intermediate layer is generally of a thermoplastic material, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), having a predetermined thickness, for example 0.76 mm.
Since the composite vitreous glass sheet is generally tilted with respect to the observer, double images occur. This double image is due to the fact that the incident light does not in each case pass completely through the two glass plates, but at least a part of the light is reflected and then passes through the second glass plate. These ghosts are detectable in particular in the dark, especially in the case of strongly radiating light sources, for example headlights of oncoming vehicles. These ghosts are extremely disturbing and a safety issue.
Composite vitreous glass sheets are also commonly used as head-up displays (HUDs) for displaying information. In this case, an image is projected onto the composite glass pane by means of a projection device in order to insert information into the field of view of the observer. In the field of vehicles, projection devices are arranged, for example, on the dashboard so that the projected image is reflected in the direction of the observer on the closest glass face of the composite glass pane inclined towards the observer (see, for example, european patent EP 0420228B 1 or german published patent application DE 102012211729 a 1). In this case, a portion of the light enters the composite vitreous glass pane again and is now reflected, for example, at the inner boundary layers of the glass surfaces lying further to the outside from the observer and at the intermediate layers and then leaves the composite vitreous glass pane in a displaced manner. Here, a similar effect, i.e., a ghost effect, also occurs with respect to an image to be displayed.
The purely conventional compensation of ghosting results in overcompensation that ghosting in transmission may be observed. This leads to confusion of the respective observer or, in the worst case, to erroneous information being obtained. Attempts have been made to solve this problem by arranging the surfaces of the glass sheets no longer parallel but at a fixed angle. This is achieved, for example, in that the intermediate layer is wedge-shaped with a continuously linear and/or non-linearly increasing and/or decreasing thickness. In vehicle construction, the thickness is typically varied so that a minimum thickness is provided at the lower end of the composite vitreous glass sheet towards the engine compartment, while the thickness increases towards the top.
Composite vitreous glass panes of this type with wedge-shaped intermediate layers and the optical laws on which they are based are known per se and are described, for example, in international patent applications WO 2015/086234 a1 and WO 2015/086233 a1 or german published patent applications DE 19611483 a1 and DE 19535053 a 1.
In modern vehicles, such as trains or motor vehicles, acoustic comfort becomes increasingly important. To improve the acoustic damping properties of a composite glass sheet, a multilayer interlayer is typically laminated between two glass sheets of the composite glass sheet, which includes an acoustic damping layer disposed between two protective layers.
WO 2018/081570 a1, US2016/0341960 a1 and EP 2017237 a1 disclose wedge-shaped multilayer interlayers comprising a layer of constant thickness and a layer having a wedge-shaped cross-section, wherein the layer of constant thickness comprises an acoustic damping layer arranged between two protective layers.
Thermoplastic films made by extrusion processes are often characterized by undesirable flow marks resulting from manufacture. This takes the form of thickness variations (slight elevations and depressions) perpendicular to the extrusion direction.
The overlapping of the corrugations of two thermoplastic films as a result of manufacture can lead to an adverse impairment of the optical properties of the composite glazing in which the thermoplastic films are laminated between a first glass pane and a second glass pane. This effect is particularly pronounced if the corrugations of the individual thermoplastic films, which are caused by the production, overlap disadvantageously. If, for example, in the case of a windshield in a motor vehicle, the head is tilted from side to side or from top to bottom, the object appears distorted in perspective due to the locally different refractive powers.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a wedge-shaped multilayer intermediate having acoustic damping properties, which is easy to manufacture and in which the optical quality is improved.
According to the invention, the object is achieved by a wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments become apparent from the dependent claims.
The wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer of the invention comprises at least
-a first thermoplastic layer having a length, a width and an overall thickness comprising at least a first protective layer having an inner side, an outer side and a first thickness, a second protective layer having an inner side, an outer side and a second thickness and an acoustic damping layer arranged between the inner side of the first protective layer and the inner side of the second protective layer and having a third thickness, wherein the thickness of the first protective layer, the second protective layer, the acoustic damping layer and the overall thickness of the first thermoplastic layer are each substantially constant over the length and the width; and
-a second thermoplastic layer having an inner side and an outer side, arranged directly or indirectly adjacent to the outer side of the first protective layer via the inner side and having a wedge-shaped cross-section comprising a thicker first end and a thinner second end.
The first thermoplastic layer of the wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer of the present invention is made by an extrusion process wherein the plasticized material is delivered from an extruder device in the form of a film. In this case, the first thermoplastic layer has a certain waviness or unevenness of the surface due to the production. At least the outer side of the first protective layer of the first thermoplastic layer, in particular the outer side of the first protective layer of the first thermoplastic layer and the outer side of the second protective layer, therefore each has a plurality of elongate elevations (peaks) and elongate depressions (valleys), which extend in a first (film) direction and are arranged alternately in a second (film) direction perpendicular to the first (film) direction. The inner side of the first protective layer, the inner side of the second protective layer and the surface of the acoustic damping layer can accordingly also be corrugated and have slightly elongated elevations and recesses. The first direction corresponds to the extrusion direction of the first thermoplastic layer. The elongate projections and the elongate depressions of the first thermoplastic layer are generally parallel to each other and are arranged in an alternating order with respect to each other. The elongate projections and the elongate recesses are typically arranged at a substantially uniform distance from each other.
The second thermoplastic layer of the wedge shaped multilayer interlayer of the present invention is made by an extrusion process wherein the plasticized material is delivered from an extruder device in the form of a film. In this case, the second thermoplastic layer has a certain waviness or unevenness of the surface due to the production. At least the outer side, in particular both the inner side and the outer side, of the second thermoplastic layer thus has a plurality of elongate elevations (peaks) and elongate depressions (valleys) which extend in the third (film) direction and are arranged alternately in a fourth (film) direction perpendicular to the third (film) direction. The third direction corresponds to the extrusion direction of the second thermoplastic layer. The elongate projections and the elongate depressions of the second thermoplastic layer are generally parallel to each other and are arranged in an alternating order with respect to each other. The elongate projections and the elongate recesses are typically arranged at a substantially uniform distance from each other.
In the sense of the present invention, the micro-elongated elevations (peaks) and depressions (valleys) describe surface undulations resulting from the production that are practically undesirable. Typically, the distance between adjacent protrusions or the distance between adjacent depressions is greater than or equal to 50 mm. This should be distinguished from the desired surface roughness, which is typically intentionally embossed into the film surface in the form of microscopic bumps and depressions to facilitate venting when laminating the composite glass sheet, wherein the distance between adjacent bumps or depressions is typically less than 1 mm.
This should also be distinguished from films having thinner locations which are intentionally created by introducing depressions of width typically 0.5mm to 20mm on both sides of the film at a distance independent of the depression width to facilitate venting when laminating composite glass sheets, as disclosed in DE 19519541 a 1.
According to the invention, the elongate projections of the first thermoplastic layer are arranged at an angle of 45 ° to 90 ° with respect to the elongate projections of the second thermoplastic layer.
The "inner side of the first protective layer" refers to the side of the first protective layer disposed directly adjacent to the acoustic damping layer, and the "outer side of the first protective layer" refers to the side of the first protective layer opposite the inner side.
The "inner side of the second protective layer" refers to the side of the second protective layer that is disposed directly adjacent to the acoustic damping layer, and the "outer side of the second protective layer" refers to the side of the second protective layer that is opposite the inner side.
"inside of the second thermoplastic layer" refers to the side of the second thermoplastic layer directly or indirectly adjacent to the outside of the first protective layer, and "outside of the second thermoplastic layer" refers to the side of the second thermoplastic layer opposite the inside. "indirectly" adjacent is understood to mean that a further layer is arranged between the inner side of the second thermoplastic layer and the outer side of the first protective layer.
In the present application, a substantially constant thickness of a layer is understood to mean that the thickness of the layer is constant over the length and width within normal manufacturing tolerances. This preferably means that the thickness does not vary by more than 7%, preferably by more than 5%, particularly preferably by more than 3%.
In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the elongate projections of the first thermoplastic layer in the wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer are arranged at an angle of 60 ° to 90 °, in particular at an angle of 75 ° to 90 °, relative to the elongate projections of the second thermoplastic layer.
Particularly preferred is an embodiment of the present invention wherein the elongate protrusions of the first thermoplastic layer are arranged at an angle of 90 ° with respect to the elongate protrusions of the second thermoplastic layer in said wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer.
In one embodiment of the wedge shaped multi-layer interlayer of the present invention, the wedge angle of the second layer is between 0.1 mrad and 1.0mrad, preferably between 0.3 mrad and 0.7 mrad.
The thicker first end of the wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer of the present invention may in particular have a thickness of 2 mm or less. The thinner second end of the wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer of the present invention may in particular have a thickness of 0.30 mm or more, preferably 0.40mm or more.
The total thickness of the first thermoplastic layer may in particular be 0.5 mm. Thus, in one embodiment, the thickness of the acoustic damping layer may be 0.10mm, and the thickness of the first and second protective layers may each be 0.20 mm.
In one embodiment, the layers of the wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer of the invention, i.e. the first protective layer, the second protective layer, the acoustic damping layer and the second thermoplastic interlayer, independently of one another, comprise at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), Polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and a plasticizer.
The first protective layer, the second protective layer, the acoustic damping layer and/or the second thermoplastic intermediate layer may be clear and colorless independently of each other, but may also be colored, hazy or tinted.
In one embodiment of the invention, the wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer further comprises at least one functional interlayer. Which is arranged in particular between the first protective layer and the second thermoplastic layer. In this case, the outer side of the first protective layer is not directly adjacent to the inner side of the second thermoplastic protective layer, but indirectly due to the at least one functional intermediate layer.
The at least one functional interlayer may in particular be an Infrared Radiation (IR) reflecting layer, an ultraviolet radiation (UV) reflecting layer, a colouring or colouring layer, a barrier layer or a combination thereof. When a plurality of functional interlayers are present, they may also have different functions.
According to the invention, there is also a process for the production of a wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer according to the invention, which comprises at least the following steps:
(a) providing a first thermoplastic layer comprising at least a first protective layer having an inner side, an outer side, and a first thickness, a second protective layer having an inner side, an outer side, and a second thickness, and an acoustic damping layer disposed between the first protective layer and the second protective layer and having a third thickness, wherein the thickness of the first protective layer, the second protective layer, the acoustic damping layer, and the total thickness of the first thermoplastic layer are each substantially constant in length and width, and at least the outer side of the first protective layer of the first thermoplastic layer has a plurality of elongated protrusions and elongated depressions extending along a first direction and alternately arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction;
(b) providing a second thermoplastic layer having an inner side and an outer side, wherein the second thermoplastic layer has a wedge-shaped cross-section with a thicker first end and a thinner second end, and at least the inner side of the second thermoplastic layer has a plurality of elongated protrusions and elongated depressions extending along a third direction and alternating in a fourth direction perpendicular to the third direction;
(c) the first thermoplastic layer and the second thermoplastic layer are arranged one above the other in a planar manner such that the second thermoplastic layer is directly or indirectly adjacent to the outer side of the first protective layer via the inner side and the elongate elevations of the first thermoplastic layer are arranged at an angle of 45 ° to 90 ° with respect to the elongate elevations of the second thermoplastic layer.
In one advantageous embodiment of the process, in step (c) the first thermoplastic layer and the second thermoplastic layer are arranged face-wise on top of one another such that the second thermoplastic layer is directly or indirectly adjacent to the outer side of the first protective layer via the inner side and the elongate elevations of the first thermoplastic layer are arranged at an angle of 60 ° to 90 °, preferably 75 ° to 90 °, very particularly preferably 90 °, relative to the elongate elevations of the second thermoplastic layer.
The method of the present invention may additionally comprise the step of providing at least one functional interlayer and disposing it between the first thermoplastic layer and the second thermoplastic layer. The at least one functional interlayer may be an IR reflective layer, a UV reflective layer, a colored or tinted layer, a blocking layer, or a combination thereof. When a plurality of functional interlayers are present, they may also have different functions.
The first thermoplastic layer and the second thermoplastic layer may each be manufactured in an extrusion process.
The present invention also relates to a composite glass sheet comprising at least a first glass sheet, a second glass sheet, and a wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer of the present invention disposed between the first glass sheet and the second glass sheet.
The first glass pane and the second glass pane are preferably made of glass, particularly preferably soda-lime glass, as is customary for window panes. The glass plate can also be made of other glass types, such as quartz glass, borosilicate glass or aluminosilicate glass, or rigid clear plastics, such as polycarbonate or polymethyl methacrylate.
The thickness of the first glass plate and the second glass plate can vary within wide limits and can therefore be adapted to the requirements in the respective case. The first glass plate and the second glass plate preferably have a thickness of 0.5mm to 5mm, particularly preferably 1 mm to 3 mm.
The height of the first and second glass panes, i.e. the distance between the top edge of the composite glass pane and the engine edge of the composite glass pane in the case of a windscreen pane, is preferably 0.8 m to 1.40 m, particularly preferably 0.9 m to 1.25 m. It is to be understood that the height of the wedge-shaped multilayer intermediate layer is therefore also preferably from 0.8 m to 1.40 m, particularly preferably from 0.9 m to 1.25 m.
The composite glass sheet of the present invention may be a vehicle glass sheet. The vehicle glazing is configured to separate the vehicle interior from the exterior environment. For example, the vehicle glazing is a window glazing which is inserted into a window opening in the vehicle body or is provided for this purpose. The composite glass pane according to the invention is in particular a windscreen pane of a motor vehicle.
In one embodiment, the first glass sheet is an outer glass sheet of the composite glass sheet and the second glass sheet is an inner glass sheet of the composite glass sheet. However, it is also possible that the first glass pane is an inner glass pane and the second glass pane is an outer glass pane.
In the case of a vehicle glazing, the inner glazing is that glazing which is provided to face the vehicle interior in the installed position. The outer glass pane is the one which is arranged for being directed towards the outside environment of the vehicle in the mounted position.
The first glass sheet, the second glass sheet and the intermediate layer may be clear and colorless independently of one another, but may also be colored, hazy or tinted. In a preferred embodiment, the total transmission through the composite glass sheet is greater than 70%, particularly when the composite glass sheet is a windshield sheet. The term "total transmittance" is based on the method of testing the transmittance of an automotive glass sheet as specified by ECE-R43, accessory 3, § 9.1. The first and second glass sheets may be composed of glass that is not pre-stressed, partially pre-stressed, or pre-stressed.
The composite glass sheet of the present invention is preferably curved in one or more directions in space, as is common for automotive glass sheets, with a typical radius of curvature of about 10 cm to about 40 m. The composite glass may also be flat, for example when it is arranged for use as a glass panel for a bus, train or tractor.
The composite glass panel of the present invention can be used, for example, as a head-up display (HUD) for displaying information.
The invention also relates to the use of the wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer of the invention in a land, water and air vehicle, in particular in a vehicle glazing, and in particular in a windscreen in a motor vehicle.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of figures and examples. The figures are schematic and not true to scale. The drawings in no way limit the invention.
In which is shown:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first thermoplastic layer partially unwound from a web
Figure 2 part of a cross-sectional view of the first thermoplastic layer according to the cutting line shown in figure 1,
figure 3 is a schematic view of a second thermoplastic layer partially unwound from a web,
figure 4 part of a cross-sectional view of the second thermoplastic layer according to the cutting line shown in figure 3,
FIG. 5 is a partial cross-section of one embodiment of a wedge shaped multilayer interlayer of the present invention,
FIG. 6 is a partial cross-section of another embodiment of a wedge shaped multilayer interlayer of the present invention,
FIG. 7 is an exploded view of one embodiment of a wedge shaped multilayer interlayer of the present invention,
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of another embodiment of a wedge shaped multilayer interlayer of the present invention,
fig. 9 a composite glass sheet, in particular a windscreen sheet of a motor vehicle,
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of one embodiment of the process of the present invention,
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a composite glass sheet of the present invention in the form of a windshield sheet wherein the location of the measurement points is plotted.
In fig. 1 a schematic view of a first thermoplastic layer 2 partially unwound from a roll 16 is shown. The first thermoplastic layer 2 preferably consists of PVB. Alternatively, the first thermoplastic layer 2 may consist of another suitable material, such as polyamide or polyethylene. The first thermoplastic layer 2 is made by extrusion, wherein the extrusion direction of the first thermoplastic layer 2 corresponds to the winding or unwinding direction of the web 16. In fig. 1, the extrusion or unwinding direction is marked with arrow R1.
Figure 2 shows a part of a cross-sectional view of the first thermoplastic layer 2 according to the cutting line a-a depicted in figure 1. It can be seen that the first thermoplastic layer 2 comprises a first protective layer 3 having an inner side 3a, an outer side 3b and a first thickness, a second protective layer 4 having an inner side 4a, an outer side 4b and a second thickness, and an acoustic damping layer 5 arranged between the inner side 3a of the first protective layer 3 and the inner side 4a of the second protective layer 4. The thickness of the first protective layer 3, the second protective layer 4, the acoustic damping layer 5 and the total thickness of the first thermoplastic layer 2 are each substantially constant in length and width. The total thickness of the first thermoplastic layer 2 is for example 0.5 mm. The outer side 3b of the first protective layer 3 has a plurality of parallel arranged micro-protrusions 8 protruding from the plane and micro-recesses 9 deep into the surface. The projections 8 and the recesses 9 each extend in the extrusion direction R1. Transversely to the extrusion direction 8, the elevations 8 and depressions 9 are arranged alternately. The elevations 8 and depressions 9 are designed in a wave-like manner so that the outer side 3b of the first protective layer 3 of the first thermoplastic layer 2 is corrugated. It should be noted that fig. 2 shows only a schematic view, and that normally the outer side 4b of the second protective layer 4 is also correspondingly designed as a wave shape and provided with protrusions 8 and depressions 9. The inner side 3a of the first protective layer 3, the inner side 4a of the second protective layer 4 and the surface of the acoustic damping layer 5 can also be correspondingly wave-shaped and provided with elevations 8 and depressions 9.
In fig. 3a schematic view of the second thermoplastic layer 6 is shown partially unwound from the web 17. The second thermoplastic layer 6 preferably consists of PVB. Alternatively, the second thermoplastic layer 6 may consist of another suitable material, such as polyamide or polyethylene. The second thermoplastic layer 6 is made by extrusion, wherein the extrusion direction of the second thermoplastic layer 6 corresponds to the winding or unwinding direction of the web 17. In fig. 3, the extrusion or unwinding direction is marked with arrow R3.
Figure 4 shows a part of a cross-sectional view of the first thermoplastic layer 6 according to the cutting line a-a depicted in figure 3. It can be seen that the first thermoplastic layer 6 has a wedge-shaped cross-section with a thicker first end and a thinner second end. The thickness at the thinner second end is for example 0.36 mm and the thickness at the thicker first end is for example 0.5 mm. The inner side 6a of the second thermoplastic layer 6 has a plurality of parallel arranged micro-elongated protrusions 11 protruding from the surface and micro-elongated depressions 12 penetrating into the surface. The projections 11 and the recesses 12 each extend in the extrusion direction R3. Transversely to the extrusion direction, the elevations 11 and depressions 12 are arranged alternately. The protrusions 11 and the depressions 12 are designed in a wave shape. It should be noted that fig. 4 shows only a schematic view, and that normally the outer side 6b of the second thermoplastic layer 6 is also correspondingly designed as a wave and provided with protrusions 11 and depressions 12.
In fig. 5 a part of a cross section of one embodiment of a wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer 1 according to the invention is shown. The wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer 1 comprises a first thermoplastic layer 2 and a second thermoplastic layer 6. In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the first thermoplastic layer 2 is configured as shown in fig. 2 and the second thermoplastic layer 6 is configured as shown in fig. 4. In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the outer side 3b of the first protective layer 2 is directly adjacent to the inner side 6a of the second thermoplastic layer 6.
In fig. 6a part of a cross section of another embodiment of a wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer 1 according to the invention is shown. The embodiment shown in fig. 6 differs from the embodiment shown in fig. 5 only in that a functional layer 7 is arranged between the outer side 3b of the first protective layer 3 of the first thermoplastic layer 2 and the inner side 6a of the second thermoplastic layer 6. In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, only one functional layer is arranged between the first thermoplastic layer 2 and the second thermoplastic layer 6. However, the wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer 1 can also have more than one functional layer 7.
FIG. 7 shows an exploded view of one embodiment of a wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer 1 of the present invention. The wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer 1 comprises a first thermoplastic layer 2 and a second thermoplastic layer 6. The first thermoplastic layer 2 comprises a first protective layer 3, a second protective layer 4 and an acoustic damping layer 5 arranged therebetween. The second thermoplastic layer 6 is arranged directly adjacent to the outer side of the first protective layer 3. The first thermoplastic layer 2 has, as a result of the manufacture, a plurality of elongate protrusions 8 projecting from the surface and elongate depressions 9 penetrating into the surface, which are arranged in parallel. The projections 8 and the depressions 9 each extend in the direction indicated by the arrow R1 in fig. 7. Transversely to the direction R1, the projections 8 and the recesses 9 are arranged alternately. The projections 8 and the depressions 9 are designed in a wave shape. In general, the two mutually opposite surfaces of the first thermoplastic layer 2 are designed in a wave-like manner and have elevations 8 and depressions 9. The second thermoplastic layer 6 also has, as a result of the manufacture, a plurality of elongate protrusions 11 projecting from the surface and elongate depressions 12 extending into the surface, which are arranged in parallel. The projection 11 and the depression 12 each extend in the direction indicated by the arrow R3 in fig. 7. Transversely to the direction R3, the projections 11 and the recesses 12 are arranged alternately. The protrusions 11 and the depressions 12 are designed in a wave shape. In general, the two mutually opposite surfaces of the second thermoplastic layer 6 are designed in a wave-like manner and have elevations 11 and depressions 12.
As illustrated in fig. 7, in the embodiment of the wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer 1 of the invention shown in fig. 7, the first thermoplastic layer 2 and the second thermoplastic layer 6 are arranged such that the elevations 8 and depressions 9 of the first thermoplastic layer 2 are arranged rotated by 90 ° with respect to the extrusion direction R3 and thus rotated by 90 ° with respect to the elevations 11 and depressions 12 of the second thermoplastic layer 6.
Fig. 8 shows an exploded view of another embodiment of a wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer 1 according to the invention. The embodiment shown in fig. 8 differs from the embodiment shown in fig. 7 only in that the first thermoplastic layer 2 and the second thermoplastic layer 6 are arranged such that the elevations 8 and depressions 9 of the first thermoplastic layer 2 are arranged rotated by 45 ° with respect to the extrusion direction R3 and thus rotated by 45 ° with respect to the elevations 11 and depressions 12 of the second thermoplastic layer 6.
Fig. 9 shows an embodiment of a composite glass sheet 13 according to the invention, which is used in particular as a windscreen panel for a motor vehicle. As illustrated in fig. 9, a composite glass sheet 13 includes a first glass sheet 14, a second glass sheet 15, and a wedge shaped multilayer interlayer 1 of the present invention. The wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer comprises a first thermoplastic layer 2 and a second thermoplastic layer 6. The composite glass pane 13 has four pane edges, namely a pane upper edge O and a pane lower edge U, which extend in the transverse direction (of the vehicle) in the built-up state, and two pane side edges S, which extend in the height direction (of the vehicle) in the built-up state.
The protuberances 8 and the indentations 9 of the first thermoplastic layer 2 extend in the embodiment shown in fig. 9 along the shortest connecting line between the upper edge O of the glass pane and the lower edge U of the glass pane (i.e. the extrusion direction of the first thermoplastic layer 2; indicated with R1). In the embodiment shown in fig. 9, the elevations 11 and depressions 12 of the second thermoplastic layer 6 extend with a rotation of 90 ° with respect to the elevations 8 and depressions 9 of the first thermoplastic layer 2. The protrusions 11 and depressions 12 of the second thermoplastic layer 6 extend in the extrusion direction (denoted by R3) of the second thermoplastic layer 2.
FIG. 10 shows a flow diagram of one embodiment of the method of the present invention for making a wedge shaped multi-layer interlayer of the present invention.
The method comprises providing in step I a first thermoplastic layer 2 comprising at least a first protective layer 3 having an inner side 3a, an outer side 3b and a first thickness, a second protective layer 4 having an inner side 4a, an outer side 4b and a second thickness, and an acoustic damping layer 5 arranged between the first protective layer 3 and the second protective layer 4 and having a third thickness, wherein the thickness of the first protective layer 3, the second protective layer 4, the acoustic damping layer 5 and the total thickness of the first thermoplastic layer 2 are each substantially constant in length and width, and at least the outer side 3b of the first protective layer 3 of the first thermoplastic layer 2 has a plurality of elongated protrusions 8 and elongated recesses 9 extending in a first direction R1 and being arranged alternately in a second direction R2 perpendicular to the first direction R1.
In a second step II, the method comprises providing a second thermoplastic layer 6 having an inner side 6a and an outer side 6b, wherein the second thermoplastic layer has a wedge-shaped cross-section with a thicker first end and a thinner second end, and at least the inner side 6a of the second thermoplastic layer 6 has a plurality of elongated protrusions 11 and elongated depressions 12 extending in a third direction R3 and being arranged alternately in a fourth direction R4 perpendicular to the third direction R3.
It is understood that steps I and II may also be performed in the reverse order.
In a third step III, the method comprises arranging the first thermoplastic layer 2 and the second thermoplastic layer 6 on top of each other in a planar fashion such that the second thermoplastic layer 6 is directly or indirectly adjacent to the outer side 3b of the first protective layer 3 via the inner side 6a and the micro-protrusions 8 of the first thermoplastic layer 2 are arranged at an angle α of 45 ° to 90 °, preferably 60 ° to 90 °, particularly preferably 75 ° to 90 °, very particularly preferably 90 ° relative to the micro-protrusions 11 of the second thermoplastic layer 6.
The curved windscreen panel is shown schematically in fig. 11 and is marked with the letters B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N and P at different positions of the measuring points on the driver's side (denoted by Q in fig. 11) and the passenger's side (denoted by R in fig. 11).
The optical properties of a windshield having a wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer of the present invention were compared to the optical properties of a windshield having a wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer according to the prior art. At measurement points F and L, the optical properties are improved in the case of a windshield having a wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer according to the invention compared with a windshield according to the prior art. At the remaining measurement points, the optical properties of the composite glass sheet from the prior art and the composite glass sheet of the invention are each comparable within the range of measurement accuracy.
List of reference numerals:
1 wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer
2 first thermoplastic layer
3 first protective layer
3a inner side of the first protective layer
3b outer side of the first protective layer
4 second protective layer
4a inner side of the second protective layer
4b outer side of the second protective layer
5 sound damping layer
6 second thermoplastic layer
6a inner side of the second thermoplastic layer
6b outer side of the second thermoplastic layer
7 functional interlayer
8 convex
9 recess
11 projection
12 depressions
13 composite glass plate
14 first glass plate
15 second glass plate
16 coiled material
17 coiled material
R1 first direction
R2 second direction
R3 third Direction
R4 fourth direction
B. C, D, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, P location on windshield
Side of Q driver
R passenger side
Glass sheet upper/top edge for O-composite glass sheets
Glass sheet lower edge/engine edge of U-composite glass sheet
The side edge of the S-glass sheet.

Claims (14)

1. Wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer (1) for composite glass panes, comprising at least
-a first thermoplastic layer (2) having a length, a width and an overall thickness, comprising at least a first protective layer (3) having an inner side (3a), an outer side (3b) and a first thickness, a second protective layer (4) having an inner side (4a), an outer side (4b) and a second thickness, and an acoustic damping layer (5) arranged between the inner side (3a) of the first protective layer (3) and the inner side (4a) of the second protective layer (4) and having a third thickness, wherein the thickness of the first protective layer (3), the second protective layer (4), the acoustic damping layer (5) and the overall thickness of the first thermoplastic layer (2) are each substantially constant over the length and the width; and
-a second thermoplastic layer (6) having an inner side (6a) and an outer side (6b), arranged directly or indirectly adjacent to the outer side (3b) of the first protective layer (3) through the inner side (6a) and having a wedge-shaped cross-section comprising a thicker first end and a thinner second end;
wherein the first thermoplastic layer (2) is produced in an extrusion process and at least the outer side (3b) of the first protective layer (3) of the first thermoplastic layer (2) directly or indirectly adjacent to the second thermoplastic layer (6) has a plurality of elongated protrusions (8) and elongated depressions (9) which extend in a first direction (R1) and are arranged alternately in a second direction (R2) perpendicular to the first direction (R1);
the second thermoplastic layer (6) is produced in an extrusion process and at least the inner side (6a) of the second thermoplastic layer (6) has a plurality of elongated protrusions (11) and elongated depressions (12) which extend along a third direction (R3) and are arranged alternately in a fourth direction (R2) perpendicular to the third direction (R3);
and the micro-protrusions (8) of the first thermoplastic layer (2) are arranged at an angle of 45 to 90 DEG with respect to the micro-protrusions (11) of the second thermoplastic layer (6).
2. Wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer (1) according to claim 1, wherein the micro-protrusions (8) of the first thermoplastic layer (2) are arranged at an angle of 60 ° to 90 °, preferably 75 ° to 90 °, very particularly preferably 90 °, with respect to the micro-protrusions (11) of the second thermoplastic layer (6).
3. The wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wedge angle of the second thermoplastic layer (6) is between 0.1 mrad and 1.0mrad, preferably between 0.3 mrad and 0.7 mrad.
4. The wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thicker first end of the multilayer interlayer (1) has a thickness of 2 mm or less and the thinner second end of the multilayer interlayer (1) has a thickness of 0.30 mm or more.
5. The wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first protective layer (3), the second protective layer (4), the acoustic damping layer (5) and/or the second thermoplastic interlayer (6) comprise at least polyvinyl butyral (PVB), Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), Polyurethane (PU) or mixtures or copolymers or derivatives thereof, preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB), particularly preferably polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and a plasticizer.
6. The wedge-shaped multilayer intermediate layer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first protective layer (3), the second protective layer (4), the acoustic damping layer (5) and/or the second thermoplastic intermediate layer (6) are colored, hazy or tinted.
7. The wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising at least one functional interlayer (7), in particular an IR-reflecting layer, a UV-reflecting layer, a coloring or coloring layer, a barrier layer or a combination thereof.
8. The wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the distance of adjacent bulges (8) and the distance of adjacent depressions (9) of the outer side (3b) of the first protective layer (3) of the first thermoplastic layer (2) and/or the distance of adjacent bulges (11) and the distance of adjacent depressions (12) of the inner side (6a) of the second thermoplastic layer (6) is greater than or equal to 50 mm.
9. Method for manufacturing a wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising at least the following steps:
(a) providing a first thermoplastic layer (2) comprising at least a first protective layer (3) having an inner side (3a), an outer side (3b) and a first thickness, a second protective layer (4) having an inner side (4a), an outer side (4b) and a second thickness, and an acoustic damping layer (5) arranged between the first protective layer (3) and the second protective layer (4) and having a third thickness, wherein the thickness of the first protective layer (3), the second protective layer (4), the acoustic damping layer (5) and the total thickness of the first thermoplastic layer (2) are each substantially constant over the length and width, and at least the outer side (3b) of the first protective layer (3) of the first thermoplastic layer (2) has a plurality of elongated protrusions (8) and elongated depressions (9) extending along a first direction (R1) and alternately arranged in a second direction (R2) perpendicular to the first direction (R1);
(b) providing a second thermoplastic layer (6) having an inner side (6a) and an outer side (6b), wherein the second thermoplastic layer (6) has a wedge-shaped cross-section with a thicker first end and a thinner second end, and at least the inner side (6a) of the second thermoplastic layer (6) has a plurality of elongated protrusions (11) and elongated depressions (12) extending along a third direction (R3) and being alternately arranged in a fourth direction (R4) perpendicular to the third direction (R3);
(c) the first thermoplastic layer (2) and the second thermoplastic layer (6) are arranged one above the other in a surface-like manner such that the second thermoplastic layer (6) is directly or indirectly adjacent to the outer side (3b) of the first protective layer (3) via the inner side (6a) and the elongate elevations (8) of the first thermoplastic layer (2) are arranged at an angle of 45 DEG to 90 DEG relative to the elongate elevations (11) of the second thermoplastic layer (6).
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein in step (c) the first thermoplastic layer (2) and the second thermoplastic layer (6) are arranged on top of each other in a surface-like manner such that the second thermoplastic layer (6) is directly or indirectly adjacent to the outer side (3b) of the first protective layer (3) via an inner side (6a) and the micro-protrusions (8) of the first thermoplastic layer (2) are arranged at an angle of 60 ° to 90 °, preferably 75 ° to 90 °, very particularly preferably 90 °, relative to the micro-protrusions (11) of the second thermoplastic layer (6).
11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, additionally comprising the step of providing at least one functional intermediate layer (7), in particular an IR-reflective layer, a UV-reflective layer, a coloring or coloring layer, a barrier layer or a combination thereof and arranging said at least one functional intermediate layer (7) between the first thermoplastic layer (2) and the second thermoplastic layer (6).
12. Composite glass pane (13) comprising at least a first glass pane (14), a second glass pane (15) and a wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 arranged between the first glass pane (14) and the second glass pane (15).
13. The composite glass pane (13) according to claim 12, wherein the composite glass pane (13) is a vehicle glass pane, in particular a windscreen pane of a motor vehicle.
14. Use of a wedge shaped multilayer interlayer (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in a water and air vehicle, in particular a vehicle glazing in a motor vehicle, and in particular a windscreen panel in a motor vehicle.
CN201980002227.0A 2018-07-02 2019-06-19 Wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer with acoustic damping properties Pending CN110876263A (en)

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EP18181128.2 2018-07-02
EP18181128 2018-07-02
PCT/EP2019/066209 WO2020007610A1 (en) 2018-07-02 2019-06-19 Wedge-shaped multi-ply intermediate layer with acoustically damping properties

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CN114126853A (en) 2020-06-16 2022-03-01 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 Wedge-shaped multilayer interlayer with acoustic damping properties
CN117460619A (en) 2022-05-24 2024-01-26 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 Heatable composite glass pane with acoustic damping properties

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