CN110873824A - Massive MIMO antenna test system and method - Google Patents
Massive MIMO antenna test system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Massive MIMO antenna test system and a test method, wherein the test system comprises: the system comprises an information source, a power amplifier system, a beam control system, M probes, a switch system and a frequency spectrograph which are arranged in a darkroom, wherein radio frequency ports among the information source, the power amplifier system, the beam control system and a Massive MIMO antenna are all connected through radio frequency cables, air interface radiation is adopted between the Massive MIMO antenna and the probes, and radio frequency ports of a receiving probe, the switch system and the frequency spectrograph are all connected through radio frequency cables. The invention can directly test the performance of the Massive MIMO antenna under different beam angles, and has obviously improved test efficiency and good stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a radio frequency automatic test technology, in particular to a Massive MIMO antenna test system and a method.
Background
The large-scale MIMO (multiple input multiple output) is derived from a phased array radar technology and evolves into a cellular network multi-antenna communication system on the basis, and the large-scale MIMO (multiple input multiple output) can greatly improve the cell capacity and the throughput rate by utilizing a spatial multiplexing technology under the condition that new spectrum resources are not increased; the large-scale MIMO has the characteristics of flexible networking (multi-point cooperation), interference resistance (space diversity), coverage enhancement (beam forming) and the like; currently, massive MIMO has been viewed by the industry as a crucial method for improving spectrum utilization efficiency in LTE, LTE +, especially in the 5G era.
The existing Massive MIMO antenna test technology has the defects of low test efficiency, poor stability and the like due to the fact that the beam angle cannot be freely changed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Massive MIMO antenna test system, which solves the problems that the existing test system cannot freely change the beam angle, and has low test efficiency and poor stability.
The technical solution for realizing the invention is as follows: a Massive MIMO antenna test system, comprising: set up information source, power amplifier system, beam control system, M probe, switching system and the frequency spectrograph in the darkroom, wherein:
the signal source is used for transmitting a test signal;
the power amplification system is used for amplifying the test signal and transmitting the signal to the beam control system;
the beam control system is used for dividing 1 path of test signals into M paths, wherein M is a multiple of 2 and is more than or equal to 4, and respectively controlling the attenuation degree and the phase of each path of test signals to output test signals of phase differences corresponding to target beam angles to the Massive MIMO antenna to be tested;
the M probes are used for receiving M paths of signals released by the Massive MIMO antenna;
the switch system is used for switching the probes one by one, so that the switched probes transmit signals to the frequency spectrograph.
The invention also provides a Massive MIMO antenna test method, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, constructing a test environment;
step 2, transmitting a test signal and amplifying the test signal;
and 4, receiving the M paths of signals released by the Massive MIMO antenna to be tested one by one and transmitting the signals to a frequency spectrograph for analysis.
Preferably, the test environment constructed in step 1 specifically includes an information source, a power amplifier system, a beam control system, M probes, a switch system and a spectrometer, which are arranged in a darkroom, the information source, the power amplifier system, the beam control system and the MassiveMIMO antenna are sequentially connected, and the probes, the switch system and the spectrometer are sequentially connected.
Preferably, the test environment constructed in step 1 specifically includes an information source, a power amplifier system, a beam control system, M probes, a switch system and a spectrometer, which are arranged in a darkroom, the spectrometer, the power amplifier system, the beam control system and the Massive MIMO antenna are sequentially connected, and the probes, the switch system and the signal source are sequentially connected.
Preferably, the specific determination formula of the phase difference of the test signal corresponding to the target beam angle in step 2 is as follows:
△φ＝KCdxu
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
u＝sinθ，dxis the spacing of the antenna elements, theta is the angle of the target beam, and lambda is the wavelength.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1) the invention adopts wave beam calculation weighting to match with adjustable amplitude and phase, and is more flexible in test; 2) the invention adopts the amplitude-phase matrix to simulate the RU part of the AAS, and after the RU part is connected with the antenna, indexes under various wave beams can be compared with real AAS indexes, so that the actual performance of the antenna can be represented; 3) the invention can directly test the performance of the Massive MIMO antenna under different beam angles, and has obviously improved test efficiency and good stability.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Massive MIMO antenna testing system.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a Massive MIMO antenna testing system includes: set up information source, power amplifier system, beam control system, M probe, switching system and the frequency spectrograph in the darkroom, wherein:
the signal source is used for transmitting a test signal;
the power amplification system is used for amplifying the test signal and transmitting the signal to the beam control system, so that the dynamic range of the system is improved;
the beam control system is used for dividing 1 path of test signals into M paths, and respectively controlling the attenuation degree and the phase of each path of test signals to output test signals of phase differences corresponding to target beam angles to the Massive MIMO antenna to be tested;
the M probes are used for receiving M paths of signals released by the Massive MIMO antenna;
the switch system is used for switching the probes one by one, so that the switched probes transmit signals to the frequency spectrograph. The darkroom is a closed space made of wave-absorbing materials, a pure electromagnetic environment is manufactured, and the testing of wireless communication products and electronic products such as antennas, radars and the like can be performed in the darkroom, so that the interference of noise waves can be avoided, and the testing precision and the efficiency of the tested equipment are improved. Radio frequency ports among the information source, the power amplification system, the beam control system and the Massive MIMO antenna are all connected through radio frequency cables, air interface radiation is adopted between the Massive MIMO antenna and the probe, and radio frequency ports of the receiving probe, the switching system and the frequency spectrograph are all connected through radio frequency cables. The traditional power distribution network adopts a passive design, the weighting is fixed and is not adjustable, only one wave beam is realized, if more wave beam forming is realized, hardware needs to be replaced, and the testing efficiency is low.
Preferably, the beam control system is a 1xM matrix, the 1xM matrix includes 1 input port and M output ports, the input port converts 1 path of signals into M paths of output signals through the radio frequency power division module or the radio frequency switch module, each output signal link is provided with an adjustable attenuation video module and an adjustable phase radio frequency module, and the adjustable attenuation video module and the adjustable phase radio frequency module are respectively used for adjusting the attenuation degree and the phase of the test signal in the link.
The method comprises the steps that a signal source sends out radio frequency signals, the radio frequency signals are amplified through a power amplification system and enter a beam control system, the beam control system is a 1xM matrix and comprises 1 input port and M output ports, the input port converts 1 path of signals into M paths of output signals through a radio frequency power division module or a radio frequency switch module, each output link is provided with an adjustable attenuation video module and an adjustable phase radio frequency module, the numerical value of a target beam angle is input through a software platform, the software platform calculates and forms a corresponding phase difference △ phi between links of the target wave speed angle according to an algorithm, and then the adjustable attenuation module and the adjustable phase radio frequency module are controlled to output test signals of the phase difference △ phi, wherein the specific calculation formula of the phase difference 35 △ phi is as follows:
△φ＝KCdxu
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
u＝sinθ，dxis the spacing of the antenna elements, theta is the angle of the target beam, and lambda is the wavelength.
In some embodiments, if a beam angle of 0 ° horizontally and 0 ° vertically is desired, then θ is 0, which can be calculated according to the formula, and △ Φ is 0, that is, when the phase difference between all channels is 0 °, the Massive MIMO antenna can hit a beam angle of 0 ° horizontally and 0 ° vertically.
If a beam angle of 45 ° horizontally and 0 ° vertically is targeted, θ is 45, dx is 42.86mm, λ is 85.71mm, and it can be calculated according to the formula, △ Φ ≈ 127 °, that is, when the phase difference between all channels is 127 °, the Massive MIMO antenna can emit a beam angle of 45 ° horizontally and 0 ° vertically.
The beam control system outputs M paths of test signals with phase difference to the Massive MIMO antenna, the Massive MIMO antenna releases energy corresponding to the beam angle, and the probe receives the energy in the air and transmits the energy to the frequency spectrograph. After the data acquisition of one beam angle is completed, the software platform continues to change the beam angle to realize the next beam forming. And analyzing and calculating the acquired data to obtain a directional pattern and a performance report of the Massive MIMO antenna.
A Massive MIMO antenna test method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, constructing a test environment;
step 2, transmitting a test signal and amplifying the test signal;
and 4, receiving the M paths of signals released by the Massive MIMO antenna to be tested one by one and transmitting the signals to a frequency spectrograph for analysis.
In a further embodiment, the test environment constructed in step 1 specifically includes an information source, a power amplifier system, a beam control system, M probes, a switch system and a spectrometer, which are arranged in a darkroom, the information source, the power amplifier system, the beam control system and the Massive MIMO antenna are sequentially connected, and the probes, the switch system and the spectrometer are sequentially connected.
In a further embodiment, the test environment constructed in step 1 specifically includes an information source, a power amplifier system, a beam control system, M probes, a switch system and a spectrometer, which are arranged in a darkroom, the spectrometer, the power amplifier system, the beam control system and the Massive MIMO antenna are sequentially connected, and the probes, the switch system and the signal source are sequentially connected.
In a further embodiment, the specific determination formula of the phase difference of the test signal corresponding to the target beam angle in step 2 is as follows:
△φ＝KCdxu
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
u＝sinθ，dxis the spacing of the antenna elements, theta is the angle of the target beam, and lambda is the wavelength.
Claims (6)
1. A Massive MIMO antenna test system is characterized by comprising: set up information source, power amplifier system, beam control system, M probe, switching system and the frequency spectrograph in the darkroom, wherein:
the signal source is used for transmitting a test signal;
the power amplification system is used for amplifying the test signal and transmitting the signal to the beam control system;
the beam control system is used for dividing 1 path of test signals into M paths, wherein M is a multiple of 2 and is more than or equal to 4, and respectively controlling the attenuation degree and the phase of each path of test signals to output test signals of phase differences corresponding to target beam angles to a MassiveMIMO antenna to be tested;
the M probes are used for receiving M paths of signals released by the Massive MIMO antenna;
the switch system is used for switching the probes one by one, so that the switched probes transmit signals to the frequency spectrograph.
2. The Massive MIMO antenna test system according to claim 1, wherein the beam control system is a 1xM matrix, the 1xM matrix comprises 1 input port and M output ports, the input port converts 1 path of signals into M paths of output signals through a radio frequency power division module or a radio frequency switch module, each output signal link is provided with an adjustable attenuation radio frequency module and an adjustable phase radio frequency module, and the adjustable attenuation radio frequency module and the adjustable phase radio frequency module are respectively used for adjusting the attenuation degree and the phase of the test signals in the link.
3. A test method of a Massive MIMO antenna test system based on claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1, constructing a test environment;
step 2, transmitting a test signal and amplifying the test signal;
step 3, dividing the amplified test signals into M paths, and respectively controlling the attenuation and the phase of each path of test signal to output the test signals of the phase difference corresponding to the target beam angle to the Massive MIMO antenna to be tested;
and 4, receiving the M paths of signals released by the Massive MIMO antenna to be tested one by one and transmitting the signals to a frequency spectrograph for analysis.
4. The Massive MIMO antenna testing method according to claim 3, wherein the testing environment constructed in step 1 specifically comprises a signal source, a power amplification system, a beam control system, M probes, a switching system and a spectrometer which are arranged in a darkroom, wherein the signal source, the power amplification system, the beam control system and the Massive MIMO antenna are sequentially connected, and the probes, the switching system and the spectrometer are sequentially connected.
5. The Massive MIMO antenna testing method according to claim 3, wherein the testing environment constructed in the step 1 specifically comprises an information source, a power amplification system, a beam control system, M probes, a switch system and a frequency spectrograph which are arranged in a darkroom, wherein the frequency spectrograph, the power amplification system, the beam control system and the Massive MIMO antenna are sequentially connected, and the probes, the switch system and the signal source are sequentially connected.
6. The Massive MIMO antenna test method according to claim 3, wherein the specific determination formula of the test signal phase difference corresponding to the target beam angle in step 2 is as follows:
△φ＝KCdxu
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
u＝sinθ，dxis the spacing of the antenna elements, theta is the angle of the target beam, and lambda is the wavelength.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111413553A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-14 | 南京捷希科技有限公司 | Antenna test system and test method |
| CN112996033A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-18 | 讯喆微电子(合肥)有限公司 | Automatic test system of 5G radio frequency PA |
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