CN110867899A - Method and system for measuring inertia of power system with high-proportion fan - Google Patents
Method and system for measuring inertia of power system with high-proportion fan Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for measuring the inertia of a power system with a high-proportion fan, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the rated mechanical angular speed of a rotor when a power system normally operates; establishing a kinetic energy mathematical model according to the rated mechanical angular velocity; establishing an inertia time constant-system inertia relation model according to the kinetic energy mathematical model; acquiring the rated rotating speed of the rotor at the moment 0 and the rotating speeds of the rotors at different moments; establishing an energy relation model of kinetic energy change according to the rated rotating speed of the rotor at the moment 0 and the rotating speeds of the rotors at different moments; determining the relation between the electromagnetic power output at any moment and the inertia of the power system according to an energy relation model of kinetic energy change and an inertia time constant-system inertia relation model; and determining the inertia of the power system with the high-proportion fan according to the relation between the electromagnetic power output at any moment and the inertia of the power system. By adopting the measuring method and the system provided by the invention, the inertia of the power system containing the high-proportion fan can be measured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of new energy grid-connected stability analysis research, in particular to a method and a system for measuring the inertia of a power system with a high-proportion fan.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the permeability of new energy and the direct current power receiving proportion, the inertia of a synchronous power grid and the capacity of primary frequency modulation are continuously reduced, so that risks are brought to the frequency stability and the recovery capacity of the system under the high-power shortage impact, and the frequency problem is particularly obvious in a receiving-end power grid.
The micro-grid or local power grid containing the high-proportion fan is widely researched, the control strategy and the response characteristic of the micro-grid or local power grid are mainly used, and when the high-proportion fan is connected to a large power grid, the primary frequency modulation capability of the traditional power grid is influenced.
As for the fan itself, the fan only has primary frequency modulation capability under the working condition of energy storage configuration or standby running output, and the hardware cost is increased by the energy storage configuration; the method comprises the steps that a fan normally runs in a Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) mode, namely, no standby is reserved, when the fan runs at a high wind speed, in order to prevent the fan from exceeding a rated rotating speed, the fan is collected and abandoned wind enters a constant Power mode, at the moment, sufficient wind energy can be considered to reserve natural output standby for the fan, but under most conditions, the fan runs at a medium and low wind speed, the intermittent wind speed cannot provide reliable and stable standby for the fan, and when the inertia of a Power system is evaluated, evaluation is usually carried out based on the fact that the fan runs at the medium and low wind speed. When a large number of fans in the power system replace a traditional thermal power unit, the system faces the current situations of reduced inertia, weakened primary frequency modulation capability and the like, and how to evaluate and measure the power system inertia containing high-proportion fans has positive significance on fan configuration and traditional synchronous machine output scheduling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for measuring the inertia of a power system with a high-proportion fan, which are used for solving the problem that the inertia of the power system with the high-proportion fan cannot be measured.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a method for measuring the inertia of a power system with a high-proportion fan comprises the following steps:
acquiring the rated mechanical angular speed of a rotor of the synchronous machine when the power system normally operates at the rated frequency;
establishing a kinetic energy mathematical model according to the rated mechanical angular velocity;
establishing an inertia time constant-system inertia relation model according to the kinetic energy mathematical model;
acquiring the rated rotating speed of the rotor at the moment 0 and the rotating speeds of the rotors at different moments;
establishing an energy relation model of kinetic energy change according to the rated rotating speed of the rotor at the time 0 and the rotating speeds of the rotors at different times;
determining the relation between the electromagnetic power output at any moment and the inertia of the power system according to the energy relation model of the kinetic energy change and the inertia time constant-system inertia relation model;
determining the inertia of the power system containing the high-proportion fan according to the relation between the electromagnetic power output at any moment and the inertia of the power system; the power system inertia containing the high-proportion fan comprises power grid rotor rotational inertia and a rotor inertia time constant; the proportion of the fans in the high-proportion fan in the power system exceeds a proportion threshold.
Optionally, the establishing a kinetic energy mathematical model according to the rated mechanical angular velocity specifically includes:
according to the formula
Establishing a kinetic energy mathematical model; wherein WkIs a kinetic energy mathematical model; j is the rotor moment of inertia; omegaNIs the rated mechanical angular velocity of the rotor of the synchronous machine.
Optionally, the establishing an inertia time constant-system inertia relation model according to the kinetic energy mathematical model specifically includes:
according to the formula
And formulas
Establishing an inertia time constant-system inertia relation model; wherein, TJIs the rotor inertia time constant; t ismIn order to exert a rated torque on the rotor; omega is mechanical angular velocity; t is the time; pNIs the rated power of the synchronous machine.
Optionally, the establishing an energy relationship model of kinetic energy change according to the rated rotation speed of the rotor at the time 0 and the rotation speeds of the rotors at different times specifically includes:
according to the formula
Energy of establishing kinetic energy changeA quantitative relationship model; wherein, w0The rated rotating speed of the rotor at the moment of 0; w (t) is the rotor speed at different times; Δ e (t) is an energy relation model of kinetic energy change.
Optionally, the determining, according to the energy relationship model of the kinetic energy change and the inertia time constant-system inertia relationship model, a relationship between the electromagnetic power output at any time and the inertia of the power system specifically includes:
according to the formula
Determining a relation between electromagnetic power output at any moment and inertia of a power system; wherein, Pe (t) is the electromagnetic power output at any moment; f. of0Is the rated frequency of the power system; f (t) is the instantaneous frequency of the power system.
Optionally, determining the inertia of the power system including the high-proportion wind turbine according to the relationship between the electromagnetic power output at any time and the inertia of the power system specifically includes:
according to the formula
Determining the rotor moment of inertia of the power system under the high-proportion fan;
according to the formula
And determining the inertia time constant of the rotor of the power system under the high-proportion fan.
A power system inertia measurement system with a high-proportion fan comprises:
the system comprises a rated mechanical angular speed acquisition module, a frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion module, wherein the rated mechanical angular speed acquisition module is used for acquiring the rated mechanical angular speed of a rotor of the synchronous machine when the power system normally operates at a rated frequency;
the kinetic energy mathematical model establishing module is used for establishing a kinetic energy mathematical model according to the rated mechanical angular velocity;
the inertia time constant-system inertia relation model building module is used for building an inertia time constant-system inertia relation model according to the kinetic energy mathematical model;
the rotating speed obtaining module is used for obtaining the rated rotating speed of the rotor at the moment 0 and the rotating speeds of the rotors at different moments;
the kinetic energy change energy relation model establishing module is used for establishing a kinetic energy change energy relation model according to the rated rotating speed of the rotor at the time 0 and the rotating speeds of the rotors at different times;
the relation determination module is used for determining the relation between the electromagnetic power output at any moment and the inertia of the power system according to the kinetic energy change energy relation model and the inertia time constant-system inertia relation model;
the power system inertia determination module is used for determining the inertia of the power system comprising the high-proportion fan according to the relation between the electromagnetic power output at any moment and the inertia of the power system; the power system inertia containing the high-proportion fan comprises power grid rotor rotational inertia and a rotor inertia time constant; the proportion of the fans in the high-proportion fan in the power system exceeds a proportion threshold.
Optionally, the kinetic energy mathematical model building module specifically includes:
a kinetic energy mathematical model building unit for building a mathematical model based on the formula
Establishing a kinetic energy mathematical model; wherein WkIs a kinetic energy mathematical model; j is the rotor moment of inertia; omegaNIs the rated mechanical angular velocity of the rotor of the synchronous machine.
Optionally, the inertial time constant-system inertia relationship model establishing module specifically includes:
an inertia time constant-system inertia relation model establishing unit for establishing a relation model according to a formula
And formulas
Establishing an inertia time constant-system inertia relation model; wherein, TJIs the rotor inertia time constant; t ismIn order to exert a rated torque on the rotor; omega is mechanical angular velocity; t is the time; pNIs the rated power of the synchronous machine.
Optionally, the kinetic energy change energy relationship model establishing module specifically includes:
an energy relation model building unit for kinetic energy change, for establishing an energy relation model according to a formula
Establishing an energy relation model of kinetic energy change; wherein, w0The rated rotating speed w (t) of the rotor at the time 0 is the rotating speed of the rotor at different times; Δ e (t) is an energy relation model of kinetic energy change.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: the invention discloses a method and a system for measuring the inertia of an electric power system with a high-proportion fan, which are implemented by establishing the kinetic energy W of a rotor of a synchronous machine at a rated rotating speedkThe mathematical model of (2); according to the inertia time constant T of the generator rotorJThe time domain expression of the rotational speed and the kinetic energy of the synchronous machine is established, namely T is utilizedJRepresents WkAnd then T is obtainedJAnd J; then, considering the initial state and the final state, simulating the working conditions of power shortage and different rotating speeds, and establishing an energy relational expression of kinetic energy change; finally, by electromagnetic power PeObtaining P by the differential relation of the energy changes of the initial state and the final stateeJ, f, the rotor inertia J of the power system can be obtained according to the frequency and frequency change rate of the measurement system, and the inertia time constant T can be obtainedJ. In the specific implementation process, the frequency change curve of the synchronous machine cutting machine and the synchronous machine under the condition that the synchronous machine is replaced by the fan with the same output is measured only by the grid-connected point or other nodes of the system, and then scattered points of the frequency are fitted into a function of the frequency (or the frequency change rate) to the time, and the function is substituted into the method, so that the inertia of the power system containing the fan with the high proportion can be effectively measured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for measuring inertia of a power system including a high-ratio wind turbine according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a simulation circuit model diagram of the power grid system including the high-ratio wind turbine provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for measuring the inertia of a power system with a high-proportion fan, which can measure the inertia of the power system with the high-proportion fan.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for measuring inertia of an electrical power system including a high-ratio wind turbine according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, a method for measuring inertia of an electrical power system including a high-ratio wind turbine includes:
step 101: and acquiring the rated mechanical angular speed of the rotor of the synchronous machine when the power system normally operates at the rated frequency.
Step 102: and establishing a kinetic energy mathematical model according to the rated mechanical angular velocity.
Step 103: and establishing an inertia time constant-system inertia relation model according to the kinetic energy mathematical model.
Step 104: and acquiring the rated rotating speed of the rotor at the moment 0 and the rotating speeds of the rotors at different moments.
Step 105: and establishing an energy relation model of kinetic energy change according to the rated rotating speed of the rotor at the time 0 and the rotating speeds of the rotors at different times.
Step 106: and determining the relation between the electromagnetic power output at any moment and the inertia of the power system according to the energy relation model of the kinetic energy change and the inertia time constant-system inertia relation model.
Step 107: determining the inertia of the power system containing the high-proportion fan according to the relation between the electromagnetic power output at any moment and the inertia of the power system; the power system inertia containing the high-proportion fan comprises power grid rotor rotational inertia and a rotor inertia time constant; the proportion of the fans in the high-proportion fan in the power system exceeds a proportion threshold.
According to the measurement method provided by the invention, a simulation circuit model of a multi-machine system is established based on PSASP software, FIG. 2 is a simulation circuit model diagram of a power grid system containing a high-proportion fan, and in practical application, FIG. 2 can be regarded as a three-machine system (7 nodes), wherein the capacities of synchronous machines are A, B, C respectively, and the measurement point is S1; according to the method, when the synchronous machine tripping operation is performed, the fan with the same capacity is used for replacing the corresponding fan, fan/photovoltaic tripping operation, variable load and other transient working conditions in the power grid, the fan capacity ratio in the same power grid represents the ratio of the fan in the power system, the method is suitable for measuring the inertia of the power system with the high-ratio fan, the method can be suitable for measuring the equivalent inertia of the system in the traditional power system when the capacity of the synchronous machine is lacked by using the same idea, and the equivalent rotational inertia or the inertia time constant of the system can be measured if the frequency of a certain point of the system and the function of the change rate of the frequency of the certain point of the system changing along with time are measured.
When the power system normally operates at the rated frequency, the rotor of the synchronous machine rotates at the rated speed omegaNKinetic energy W of (i.e. synchronous speed) rotationkComprises the following steps:
in the formula: j is the rotor moment of inertia, in kg m2；ΩNIs the rated mechanical angular velocity of the rotor of the synchronous machine.
According to the inertia time constant T of the generator rotorJPhysical significance of, TJFor applying a rated torque T to the rotormThereafter, the rotor is accelerated from the standstill state (mechanical angular velocity Ω ═ 0) to the rated state (mechanical angular velocity Ω ═ 0)N) The time elapsed includes:
in the formula: pNIs the rated power of the synchronous machine.
From the equation (2), the rotor inertia time constant TJThe values of (A) are:
for example: turbo generator, when the pole pair number of generator is 1, rotor mechanical angular velocity omega equals rotor electric angular velocity w, has again:
for a synchronous machine, when the rotating speed changes, the kinetic energy of a rotor changes, and the released or absorbed energy is externally expressed as increase and decrease of output electromagnetic power.
Setting the zero moment rotor speed as the rated speed w0At time t, the variation of the kinetic energy of the rotor, i.e. the energy variation accumulated by the output electromagnetic power at times 0 to t, is:
and the electromagnetic power output at the time t is the differential of the energy:
in the formula: f (t) is the instantaneous frequency of the system.
And is obtained by the formula (4):
in the formula: f. of0Is the nominal frequency of the system.
Substituting formula (7) for formula (6) to obtain the expression of the instantaneous electromagnetic power output by the change of the kinetic energy of the rotor as follows:
since the relative value of the frequency variation of the system is not too large (the absolute value exceeds 0.8Hz, which may cause low-frequency load shedding, and the relative value is only 1.6%), f (t) can be set to be approximately equal to f0Then equation (8) can be simplified as:
equations (8) and (9) are electromagnetic power expressions released or absorbed by the synchronous machine due to the change of the kinetic energy of the rotor in the system frequency change process, namely inertia support power expressions;
as can be seen from equation (9), the inertia supporting power of the synchronous machine is proportional to the inverse of the differential value (i.e. frequency change rate) of the system frequency, and thus can be regarded as differential feedback control of the system frequency;
to sum up, the power grid inertia measurement expression including the high-proportion fan access is as follows:
to sum up, the measurement expression of the inertia time constant of the power grid with the high-proportion fan access is as follows:
in addition, the method can be popularized to other similar working conditions, such as a type fan/photovoltaic generator, a variable load and the like, and the equivalent rotational inertia or the inertia time constant of the system can be measured by the same method.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring the inertia of a power system with a high-proportion fan is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the rated mechanical angular speed of a rotor of the synchronous machine when the power system normally operates at the rated frequency;
establishing a kinetic energy mathematical model according to the rated mechanical angular velocity;
establishing an inertia time constant-system inertia relation model according to the kinetic energy mathematical model;
acquiring the rated rotating speed of the rotor at the moment 0 and the rotating speeds of the rotors at different moments;
establishing an energy relation model of kinetic energy change according to the rated rotating speed of the rotor at the time 0 and the rotating speeds of the rotors at different times;
determining the relation between the electromagnetic power output at any moment and the inertia of the power system according to the energy relation model of the kinetic energy change and the inertia time constant-system inertia relation model;
determining the inertia of the power system containing the high-proportion fan according to the relation between the electromagnetic power output at any moment and the inertia of the power system; the power system inertia containing the high-proportion fan comprises power grid rotor rotational inertia and a rotor inertia time constant; the proportion of the fans in the high-proportion fan in the power system exceeds a proportion threshold.
2. The method for measuring the inertia of an electric power system including a high-ratio wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the establishing a kinetic energy mathematical model according to the rated mechanical angular velocity specifically includes:
according to the formula
Establishing a kinetic energy mathematical model; wherein WkIs a kinetic energy mathematical model; j is the rotor moment of inertia; omegaNIs the rated mechanical angular velocity of the rotor of the synchronous machine.
3. The method for measuring the inertia of the power system including the high-proportion wind turbine according to claim 2, wherein the establishing of the inertia time constant-system inertia relation model according to the kinetic energy mathematical model specifically includes:
according to the formula
And formulas
Establishing an inertia time constant-system inertia relation model; wherein, TJIs the rotor inertia time constant; t ismIn order to exert a rated torque on the rotor; omega is mechanical angular velocity; t is the time; pNRated work for synchronous machinesAnd (4) rate.
4. The method for measuring the inertia of the power system including the high-proportion wind turbine according to claim 3, wherein the establishing of the energy relation model of the kinetic energy change according to the rated rotation speed of the rotor at the time 0 and the rotation speeds of the rotors at different times specifically comprises:
according to the formula
Establishing an energy relation model of kinetic energy change; wherein, w0The rated rotating speed of the rotor at the moment of 0; w (t) is the rotor speed at different times; Δ e (t) is an energy relation model of kinetic energy change.
5. The method for measuring the inertia of the power system including the high-proportion wind turbine according to claim 4, wherein the determining the relationship between the electromagnetic power output at any moment and the inertia of the power system according to the energy relationship model of the kinetic energy change and the inertia time constant-system inertia relationship model specifically includes:
according to the formula
Determining a relation between electromagnetic power output at any moment and inertia of a power system; wherein, Pe (t) is the electromagnetic power output at any moment; f. of0Is the rated frequency of the power system; f (t) is the instantaneous frequency of the power system.
6. The method for measuring the inertia of the power system including the high-proportion wind turbine according to claim 5, wherein the determining the inertia of the power system including the high-proportion wind turbine according to the relationship between the electromagnetic power output at any one time and the inertia of the power system includes:
according to the formula
Determining the height ratioThe rotor moment of inertia of the power system under the fan is illustrated;
according to the formula
And determining the inertia time constant of the rotor of the power system under the high-proportion fan.
7. The utility model provides a power system inertia measurement system who contains high proportion fan which characterized in that includes:
the system comprises a rated mechanical angular speed acquisition module, a frequency conversion module and a frequency conversion module, wherein the rated mechanical angular speed acquisition module is used for acquiring the rated mechanical angular speed of a rotor of the synchronous machine when the power system normally operates at a rated frequency;
the kinetic energy mathematical model establishing module is used for establishing a kinetic energy mathematical model according to the rated mechanical angular velocity;
the inertia time constant-system inertia relation model building module is used for building an inertia time constant-system inertia relation model according to the kinetic energy mathematical model;
the rotating speed obtaining module is used for obtaining the rated rotating speed of the rotor at the moment 0 and the rotating speeds of the rotors at different moments;
the kinetic energy change energy relation model establishing module is used for establishing a kinetic energy change energy relation model according to the rated rotating speed of the rotor at the time 0 and the rotating speeds of the rotors at different times;
the relation determination module is used for determining the relation between the electromagnetic power output at any moment and the inertia of the power system according to the energy relation model of the kinetic energy change and the inertia time constant-system inertia relation model;
the power system inertia determination module is used for determining the inertia of the power system comprising the high-proportion fan according to the relation between the electromagnetic power output at any moment and the inertia of the power system; the power system inertia containing the high-proportion fan comprises power grid rotor rotational inertia and a rotor inertia time constant; the proportion of the fans in the high-proportion fan in the power system exceeds a proportion threshold.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the kinetic energy mathematical model building module specifically comprises:
a kinetic energy mathematical model building unit for building a mathematical model based on the formula
Establishing a kinetic energy mathematical model; wherein WkIs a kinetic energy mathematical model; j is the rotor moment of inertia; omegaNIs the rated mechanical angular velocity of the rotor of the synchronous machine.
9. The system for measuring the inertia of an electric power system including a high-ratio wind turbine according to claim 8, wherein the module for establishing the relationship between the inertia time constant and the system inertia includes:
an inertia time constant-system inertia relation model establishing unit for establishing a relation model according to a formula
And formulas
Establishing an inertia time constant-system inertia relation model; wherein, TJIs the rotor inertia time constant; t ismIn order to exert a rated torque on the rotor; omega is mechanical angular velocity; t is the time; pNIs the rated power of the synchronous machine.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein the module for establishing an energy relationship model of kinetic energy change comprises:
an energy relation model building unit for kinetic energy change, for establishing an energy relation model according to a formula
Establishing an energy relation model of kinetic energy change;wherein, w0The rated rotating speed of the rotor at the moment of 0; w (t) is the rotor speed at different times; Δ e (t) is an energy relation model of kinetic energy change.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112600199A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-02 | 北京四方继保工程技术有限公司 | Wind turbine generator equivalent rotational inertia online evaluation method based on rotor kinetic energy |
| CN114611402A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-06-10 | 四川大学 | Direct-drive fan dynamic fitting method based on block interconnection model and data driving |
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| CN107991576A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2018-05-04 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Virtual the inertia test method and its measuring device of a kind of virtual synchronous generator |
| CN109066746A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of electric system inertia time constant preparation method containing energy-storage system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107991576A (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2018-05-04 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Virtual the inertia test method and its measuring device of a kind of virtual synchronous generator |
| CN109066746A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2018-12-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of electric system inertia time constant preparation method containing energy-storage system |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112600199A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-02 | 北京四方继保工程技术有限公司 | Wind turbine generator equivalent rotational inertia online evaluation method based on rotor kinetic energy |
| CN112600199B (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2023-08-15 | 北京四方继保工程技术有限公司 | Online evaluation method for equivalent moment of inertia of wind turbine generator based on rotor kinetic energy |
| CN114611402A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-06-10 | 四川大学 | Direct-drive fan dynamic fitting method based on block interconnection model and data driving |
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