CN110865426A - Self-driven rain gauge based on friction nanometer generator - Google Patents
Self-driven rain gauge based on friction nanometer generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN110865426A CN110865426A CN201911314163.6A CN201911314163A CN110865426A CN 110865426 A CN110865426 A CN 110865426A CN 201911314163 A CN201911314163 A CN 201911314163A CN 110865426 A CN110865426 A CN 110865426A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/14—Rainfall or precipitation gauges
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N1/00—Electrostatic generators or motors using a solid moving electrostatic charge carrier
- H02N1/04—Friction generators
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-driven rain gauge based on a friction nano generator, which comprises a cylinder and a water diversion funnel, the bucket lip, tipping bucket and base, the diversion funnel is connected at the lower extreme of drum, the base is located the below of dripping the needle, the symmetry is provided with two water drainage tank on the base, separate through the ridge roof beam between two water drainage tank, the tipping bucket articulates between two articulated supports on the ridge roof beam through its middle part lower extreme pivot, separate into two bucket grooves of left and right sides through the triangle-shaped division board in the tipping bucket, the closed angle of triangle-shaped division board up, two bucket grooves are located the top of two water drainage tank respectively, it ends the position stand to be provided with the bucket groove by the one end of keeping away from the ridge roof beam to set up in two water drainage tank, the rainwater of dripping the needle firstly instils into the bucket groove that wherein one side upwards perk, root is provided with friction nano generator on the interior diapire or/and outer diapire or. The mechanical energy of rainwater falling is converted into an electric signal by combining a friction nano power generation technology, and the automatic counting function of a non-switch circuit can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a self-driven rain gauge based on a friction nano generator, and belongs to the field of metering equipment.
Background
The rainfall is a meteorological element, and the observation of the rainfall has important significance for the observation of weather, hydrology, oceans and environment, daily life and traffic. A rain gauge (or rain gauge, rain gauge) is an instrument used by meteorologists and hydrologists to measure the amount of precipitation in a certain area over a period of time. The types of the conventional rain gauges include a tipping bucket rain gauge, a siphon rain gauge and the like. The tipping bucket type rain gauge comprises a tipping bucket, wherein two tipping bucket grooves are separated from the tipping bucket through a partition plate, a tipping bucket with symmetrical balance can cause the gravity center to deviate from a supporting point under the general condition due to unstable balance, when rainwater flows into the tipping bucket through an upper hopper, the rainfall in the tipping bucket reaches a certain volume, the gravity center of the tipping bucket is caused to change, and the tipping bucket is caused to finish the dumping of rainwater once. Every time the tipping bucket topples over, the switch circuit is switched on, a pulse signal is transmitted to the recorder, and therefore rainfall can be recorded.
The generation of the overturning signal of the tipping bucket rain gauge needs an external switching circuit, and a reed switch is usually adopted to trigger a pulse signal. Although the structure is simple and the counting is accurate, the tipping bucket rain gauge based on the reed pipe design needs an external power supply to provide energy for assistance, and the tipping bucket rain gauge has the problems that batteries need to be replaced or the tipping bucket rain gauge needs to be charged and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a self-driven rain gauge based on a friction nano-generator, which combines a friction nano-generation technology to convert mechanical energy of rain falling into an electrical signal, so as to realize an automatic counting function without a switch circuit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a self-driven rain gauge based on friction nanometer generator, includes collection and rain device, tipping bucket and base, the base is located the below of collection and rain device, its characterized in that: the base is symmetrically provided with two water drainage grooves, the two water drainage grooves are separated by a ridge beam, the tipping bucket is hinged between two hinged supports on the ridge beam through a rotating shaft at the lower end of the middle part of the tipping bucket, the inside of the tipping bucket is separated into a left bucket groove and a right bucket groove through an isosceles triangle partition plate, the sharp corner of the isosceles triangle partition plate faces upwards, the two bucket grooves are respectively positioned above the two water drainage grooves, and a bucket groove stop stand column is arranged at one end, far away from the ridge beam, in the two water drainage grooves; collect and drip rain device and be located tipping bucket middle part top, collect and drip rain device's rainwater at first instil into the bucket inslot that one side upwards perk, according to lever principle, when this bucket in the rainfall reaches certain volume, the tipping bucket focus skew, the tipping bucket upset is fought the rainwater in the groove with this side and is poured out corresponding water drainage tank, and at this moment, the bucket groove of opposite side upwards perk, collect and drip rain device's rainwater and instil into the bucket groove of this opposite side the interior diapire of bucket groove or outer diapire or/and bucket groove end and are provided with friction nanometer generator on the stand.
By adopting the scheme, the friction nanometer generator can be arranged at the inner bottom of the tipping bucket, an electric signal can be generated between the conductive materials by utilizing the periodic intermittent contact of rainwater and the friction material in the tipping bucket, the friction nanometer generator can also be arranged at the bottom of the bucket stop upright post or the tipping bucket, and the periodic contact separation movement of the tipping bucket and the bucket stop upright post is utilized, so that the aim of measuring the rainfall can be achieved by measuring the dumping times of the tipping bucket. The invention can directly convert mechanical energy into electric energy under the condition of no external power supply by utilizing the characteristic of the friction nano generator, and the electric energy can be directly used as a metering electric signal to finish the measurement of rainfall capacity.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the rainwater collecting and dripping device comprises a cylinder, a water diversion funnel, a funnel mouth and a dripping needle, wherein the lower end of the funnel mouth at the lower end of the water diversion funnel is connected with the dripping needle, diversion holes communicated with the water diversion funnel and the dripping needle are distributed in the funnel mouth, rainwater flows into the water diversion funnel after entering the cylinder, and flows out through the funnel mouth and the dripping needle.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the side wall of the drainage groove close to the ridge beam is an inclined wall with the same inclination angle as the bottom wall of the bucket groove, and a drainage hole is formed in the bottom of the drainage groove. The bucket groove stop upright post is positioned in the middle of the inclined wall of the drainage groove close to the lower end. Is beneficial to discharging rainwater under the condition of heavy rainfall.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the top surface of the bucket stopping upright post is an inclined plane which has the same inclination angle with the bottom wall of the bucket.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: and a friction nano generator is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bucket or the bucket stopping upright post. The friction nanometer generator is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bucket groove of the tipping bucket, and by adopting the design of a single electrode and utilizing the polarity of rainwater and the electronegativity of the friction material, when the rainwater flows out of the bucket groove, the electrode of the conductive material can generate a corresponding electric signal. The friction nano generator is arranged on the tipping bucket stop stand column and generates signals by utilizing the periodic contact separation of the tipping bucket and the friction nano generator when the tipping bucket turns. Based on the principle of the friction nano generator, the metering function is realized.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the friction nano generator is composed of a friction material layer and a conductive material layer, wherein the friction material layer is positioned above the conductive material layer.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the friction material is at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer, aluminum, copper and nylon. When the friction material Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has good hydrophobic property, the residue of rainwater in the tipping bucket can be reduced, and the metering precision is improved.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the conductive material is one of metal, conductive rubber, conductive ink and a high-molecular conductive material.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the base is provided with an installation support lug, and the installation support lug is provided with an installation hole.
The rain gauge is used for fixing the rain gauge on the bracket.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the base is circular, the installation journal stirrup sets up on its periphery.
Has the advantages that: according to the invention, the mechanical energy of rainwater flow can be directly converted into electric energy by utilizing the characteristic of the friction nano generator, and a corresponding electric signal can be generated by each overturning of the tipping bucket under the condition of no need of an external switching circuit; the structure design is optimized, the metering function can be realized without setting a reed pipe and magnetic steel, the installation is simple, and the wiring maintenance is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a waveform of a test in which the triboelectric nanogenerator is disposed on the inner bottom wall of the hopper.
FIG. 4 is a test waveform diagram of the friction nano-generator disposed on the bucket stopping stand column.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
example 1
As shown in fig. 1-4, the self-driven rain gauge based on the friction nano generator of the invention is composed of a cylinder 1, a water-diversion funnel 2, a bucket mouth 3, a dripping needle 4, a tipping bucket 5, a base 6 and a bucket stopping upright post 7. The dump box 5 is not mounted in fig. 1.
The base 6 is located below the drip needle 4, and the base 6 is provided with a mounting lug 604 provided with a mounting hole. The base 6 is preferably circular with mounting lugs 604 disposed on its outer periphery.
Two drainage grooves 601 are symmetrically arranged on the base 6, the two drainage grooves 601 are separated by a ridge beam 602, the side wall of the drainage groove 601 close to the ridge beam 602 is an inclined wall consistent with the inclination angle of the bottom wall of the hopper groove 502, and a drainage hole is formed in the bottom of the drainage groove 601.
The tipping bucket 5 is hinged between two hinged supports 603 on the ridge beam 602 through a rotating shaft at the lower end of the middle part of the tipping bucket 5, the tipping bucket 5 is internally divided into a left bucket groove and a right bucket groove 502 through an isosceles triangle partition plate 501, the sharp angle of the isosceles triangle partition plate 501 faces upwards, the bucket grooves 502 are conical grooves, the two bucket grooves 502 are respectively positioned above the two water drainage grooves 601, and a bucket groove stop upright post 7 is arranged at one end, far away from the ridge beam 602, in the two water drainage grooves 601. Preferably, the bucket stop post 7 is located at the middle of the inclined wall of the drain 601 near the lower end. The top surface of the bucket stop upright 7 is an inclined surface with the same inclination angle with the bottom wall of the bucket 502. The bucket ends a stand 7 and is used for supporting and restricting the upset of tipping bucket 5, and the bucket ends a stand 7 and adopts the design on inclined plane, has enlarged area of contact, can provide stable support for tipping bucket 5 when the upset, and the shake phenomenon when avoiding quick upset takes place.
Drip needle 4 and be located 5 middle parts tops of tipping bucket, drip the rainwater of needle 4 and firstly drip into the hopper groove 502 of one of them one side perk, according to lever principle, owing to collect the rainwater in this hopper groove 502, weight increases, when rainfall reached the settlement volume, 5 focus offsets of tipping bucket, around the pivot upset, pour out the rainwater in the hopper groove 502 of this side in corresponding water drainage tank 601, at this moment, the hopper groove 502 of opposite side perk that makes progress, drip the rainwater of needle 4 and can drip into in the hopper groove 502 of this opposite side. The structure has the characteristic of mechanical bistable state, one bucket 502 receives water when the structure works, the other bucket 502 is in a waiting state, when the weight of received rainwater reaches the threshold value of the structural design, the bucket 502 is changed into the waiting state because the dump bucket 5 is overturned around the rotating shaft due to the transfer of the gravity center of the dump bucket 5, and the other bucket 502 is in a working state of receiving rainwater. The two states of the dump body 5 are circulated to each other, and the left and right buckets 502 are always in a steady state of one above and one below. In combination with the properties of the tribo nanogenerator, periodic contact separation can be converted into an electrical signal.
The friction nanometer generator is arranged on the inner bottom wall or/and the outer bottom wall or/and the bucket stopping upright post 7 of the bucket 502. Preferably, a friction nano generator is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bucket 502 or the bucket stop upright post 7. The friction nano generator consists of a friction material layer and a conductive material layer, wherein the friction material layer is positioned above the conductive material layer. The friction material is at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer, aluminum, copper and nylon. The conductive material is one of metal, conductive rubber, conductive ink and high-molecular conductive material.
In the present embodiment, the friction nanogenerator is preferably installed at two different positions, but is not limited to the two positions. Firstly, install friction nanogenerator in the bottom of hopper 502, when the hopper 502 of one side accepts the rainwater, because the difference of the electronegativity of rainwater and friction material exists, lead to friction material surface electrification, therefore, when the rainwater that tipping bucket 5 bore reaches the setting amount of unit, the transfer of tipping bucket 5 focus can impel its upset, the rainwater will flow out from hopper 502, because frictional charge can remain on friction material's surface for a long time, so make conducting material's electric potential change, impel the directional removal of electric charge, thereby produce an electric signal, the test data picture is as figure 3. Secondly, the friction nano generator is arranged on the upper surface of the bucket stopping upright post 7, the tipping bucket 5 is used as another friction material in the mode, when the rainwater receiving amount of the bucket 502 on one side of the tipping bucket 5 reaches the threshold value of the unit rainfall amount, the tipping bucket 5 turns over, the bottom of the tipping bucket 5 is in contact with the friction nano generator arranged on the bucket stopping upright post 7, and at the moment, one friction nano generator is triggered to generate an electric signal. So far, the two modes can realize the function of measuring rainfall through the friction nano generator, the tipping bucket 5 can promote the friction nano generator to generate an electric signal after being turned once, the measurement of the rainfall of one unit can be completed so far as a test data diagram is shown in figure 4, and thus the final rainfall measurement can be completed through the number of the signals generated by the friction nano generator.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A self-driven rain gauge based on a friction nanometer generator comprises a rain collecting and dripping device, a tipping bucket (5) and a base (6), wherein the base (6) is positioned below the rain collecting and dripping device, and is characterized in that: the bucket is characterized in that two drainage grooves (601) are symmetrically arranged on the base (6), the two drainage grooves (601) are separated by a ridge beam (602), the bucket (5) is hinged between two hinged supports (603) on the ridge beam (602) through a rotating shaft at the lower end of the middle of the bucket, the interior of the bucket (5) is separated into a left bucket groove and a right bucket groove (502) through an isosceles triangle partition plate (501), the sharp corner of the isosceles triangle partition plate (501) faces upwards, the two bucket grooves (502) are respectively positioned above the two drainage grooves (601), and a bucket groove stop upright post (7) is arranged at one end, far away from the ridge beam (602), in the two drainage grooves (601); collect and drip rain device and be located tipping bucket (5) middle part top, collect and drip rain device's rainwater at first drips into in wherein one side hopper groove (502) of perk that makes progress, according to lever principle, when rainfall reaches certain volume in this hopper groove (502), tipping bucket focus skew, the tipping bucket upset pours the rainwater in this side hopper groove (502) into corresponding water drainage tank (601), at this moment, the hopper groove (502) of opposite side perk that makes progress, collect and drip rain device's rainwater and drip into in this opposite side hopper groove (502) be provided with friction nanometer generator on the interior diapire of hopper groove (502) or outer diapire or/and hopper groove stop stand (7).
2. The self-driven rain gauge based on a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: collect and drip rain device and include drum (1), diversion funnel (2), fill mouth (3) and drip needle (4), the lower extreme of fill mouth (3) of the lower extreme of diversion funnel (2) is connected with and drips needle (4), it has UNICOM diversion funnel (2) and drips the water conservancy diversion hole of needle (4) to distribute on fill mouth (3), and the rainwater flows diversion funnel (2) after getting into drum (1), rethread fill mouth (3) and drip needle (4) and flow.
3. The self-driven rain gauge based on a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: the side wall of the drainage groove (601) close to the ridge beam (602) is an inclined wall with the same inclination angle as the bottom wall of the bucket groove (502), a drainage hole is formed in the bottom of the drainage groove (601), and the bucket groove stop upright post (7) is located in the middle of the inclined wall of the drainage groove (601) close to the lower end.
4. The self-driven rain gauge based on a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the top surface of the bucket stopping upright post (7) is an inclined surface with the same inclination angle with the bottom wall of the bucket (502).
5. The self-driven rain gauge based on a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a friction nanometer generator is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the bucket groove (502) or the top surface of the bucket groove stop upright post (7).
6. The self-driven rain gauge based on a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 5, wherein: the friction nano generator is composed of a friction material layer and a conductive material layer, wherein the friction material layer is positioned above the conductive material layer.
7. The self-driven rain gauge based on a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 6, wherein: the friction material is at least one of polytetrafluoroethylene, polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer, aluminum, copper and nylon.
8. The self-driven rain gauge based on a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 8, wherein: the conductive material is one of metal, conductive rubber, conductive ink and a high-molecular conductive material.
9. The self-driven rain gauge based on a friction nanogenerator according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, wherein: the base (6) is provided with an installation support lug (604), and the installation support lug is provided with an installation hole.
10. The self-driven rain gauge based on a triboelectric nanogenerator according to claim 9, characterized in that: the base (6) is circular, and the mounting lugs (604) are arranged on the periphery of the base.
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| CN201911314163.6A CN110865426B (en) | 2019-12-18 | 2019-12-18 | Self-driven rain gauge based on friction nanometer generator |
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Cited By (5)
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| CN112946786A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-11 | 山东仁科测控技术有限公司 | Tipping bucket structure for tipping bucket type rain gauge and rain gauge |
| CN112946787A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-11 | 山东塞恩电子科技有限公司 | Tipping bucket for tipping bucket type rain gauge and rain gauge |
| CN113204060A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-03 | 闽江学院 | Self-powered distributed weather forecasting device |
| CN113765431A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-07 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Compound electric machine that drips |
| CN113917569A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2022-01-11 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Rain gauge |
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