CN110863809B - Method for compositely displacing oil by utilizing electric field and microorganisms - Google Patents
Method for compositely displacing oil by utilizing electric field and microorganisms Download PDFInfo
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- CN110863809B CN110863809B CN201911010990.6A CN201911010990A CN110863809B CN 110863809 B CN110863809 B CN 110863809B CN 201911010990 A CN201911010990 A CN 201911010990A CN 110863809 B CN110863809 B CN 110863809B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial oil recovery, and particularly relates to a method for compositely displacing oil by utilizing an electric field and microorganisms. The method specifically comprises the following steps: screening test blocks; arranging electrode points of the test block; determining the relation between the oil saturation and the resistivity of the test block; detecting the resistivity of the electrode points of the test block; determining the oil saturation of the electrode points of the test block; determining the electrode point voltage of the test block; regulating and controlling on site; and (5) carrying out effect evaluation on site. The method has the advantages of reasonable method, simple process, simple operation, safety, reliability, less investment and low cost; meanwhile, the method has the advantages of good field test effect, increased recovery ratio of more than 15 percent, input-output ratio of more than 1:10, and wide popularization and application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microbial oil recovery, and particularly relates to a method for compositely displacing oil by utilizing an electric field and microorganisms.
Background
The microbial oil displacement technology comprises endogenous microbial oil displacement and exogenous microbial oil displacement, wherein an activating agent is injected into an oil reservoir, the activated growth metabolic activity and metabolic products of endogenous microbial flora in the oil reservoir are utilized to improve the crude oil recovery rate, after secondary and tertiary oil recovery is carried out on the oil reservoir, the endogenous microbial community and residual oil in the oil reservoir are regularly distributed from the injection end to the production end, and aerobic endogenous microbes are mainly distributed near a water injection well due to low content of residual oil displaced for a long time, so that the growth metabolic rate of the microbes is high; the deep residual oil in the oil reservoir is large in quantity, facultative and anaerobic microorganisms are mainly distributed, the growth and metabolism rate of the microorganisms is slow, the traditional activation method of injecting an activator into an oil reservoir from a water injection well by an endogenous microorganism oil displacement technology cannot perform fixed-point activation on the endogenous microorganism in a region rich in residual oil in the oil reservoir, most of the activator is quickly consumed by aerobic microorganisms near the water injection well, a large amount of generated thalli and active metabolites are retained and adsorbed by stratum porous media, only a small amount of activator can be transported to the region rich in residual oil to interact with the region rich in residual oil, the small amount of activator transported to the deep part in the oil reservoir is slowly restricted by the metabolic rate of the endogenous microorganism in the region, enough thalli and metabolites cannot be generated to interact with a large amount of residual oil in the region, and the field implementation effect of the endogenous microorganism oil displacement technology is directly influenced by the problem that the high-efficiency activation region of the activator is not matched with the region rich in the residual oil in the oil reservoir, a method for realizing fixed-point activation regulation and control of oil reservoir oil displacement functional flora by assisting an activator is urgently needed to be established, the action efficiency of endogenous microorganisms and residual oil is improved, and the field implementation effect of an endogenous microorganism oil displacement technology is further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, combines the activation of endogenous microorganisms in an oil reservoir by an activator with the growth and metabolism of micro-current regulation microorganisms, provides a method for activating the endogenous microorganisms in the oil reservoir at a fixed point and improving the oil displacement effect of the endogenous microorganism in an oil displacement field, solves the problem that the activator cannot realize the fixed-point activation of the oil reservoir in the oil displacement process of the endogenous microorganism, improves the utilization efficiency of the activator, and ensures that the activated endogenous microorganism cells and metabolites thereof can fully act with residual oil, thereby further improving the oil displacement effect of the endogenous microorganism.
The invention discloses a method for compositely displacing oil by utilizing an electric field and microorganisms, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) test Block screening
The screening criteria for the blocks were: permeability of oil reservoir>100×10-3μm2Buried depth of oil reservoir<500m, thickness>5m, crude oil subsurface viscosity<50 mPas, and the water injection well has good correspondence and connectivity with an oil well.
(2) Arrangement of electrode points of test block
And electrode points are uniformly distributed from the water injection well of the test block to the oil well which has a corresponding relation with the water injection well.
The number of the electrode points is related to the well spacing L of the oil-water well, L is less than or equal to 100m, and the number of the electrode points is 3 groups; l is more than 100m and less than or equal to 200m, and the number of the electrode points is 4-5 groups; l & gt is 200m, the number of the electrode points is 6-9 groups, and the electrodes are numbered in sequence from the first point when the water injection well points to the direction of the oil well.
(3) Determination of relation between oil saturation and resistivity of test block
Taking crude oil and formation water in a test block, preparing oil-water mixtures with different oil saturation degrees, measuring the resistivity of the mixtures, drawing a curve of the oil saturation degree changing along with the resistivity, and obtaining a relational expression of the oil saturation degree and the resistivity through regression fitting.
(4) Detection of resistivity of electrode points of test block
And detecting the resistivity of each electrode point of the test block.
(5) Determination of oil saturation of electrode point in test block
And determining the oil saturation of the electrode point of the test block according to the relation between the oil saturation and the resistivity and the measured resistivity.
(6) Determination of the electrode point voltage of a test block
The voltage value of the electrode point with the oil saturation degree of more than or equal to 35 percent is 0.3V-1.0V, and the voltage value of the electrode point with the oil saturation degree of less than or equal to 25 percent is 1.5V-2.0V.
(7) On-site regulation
Injecting an activator solution from a water injection well of the test block, and applying voltage to the electrode points intermittently according to the voltage value determined in the step (6), wherein the time ratio of power application to disconnection is 1: 0.2-0.3, and the power application time is 1-2 h; detecting the resistivity of the electrode points once every 6-8 months, determining the oil saturation of the electrode points according to the step (5), and re-determining the voltage of different electrode points in the test block according to the step (6).
(8) Evaluation of effects in field
And after the field test is finished, evaluating the effect of the field test, wherein the evaluation indexes are the improvement of the recovery rate value and the input-output ratio.
The electric field has certain influence to the growth metabolism of microorganism, and under the suitable micro electric field condition, the electric current can improve the permeability of cell membrane to the ion, thereby promotes the uptake of microorganism to the nutrition to accelerate the growth metabolism rate of microorganism, and after electric field intensity increases to a certain degree, the electric current can cause the destruction to the permeability of cell membrane on the contrary, inhibits the growth metabolic activity of microorganism, kills the microorganism even. In the microbial oil displacement process, microorganisms in the stratum live in an oligotrophic environment for a long time and have low metabolic rate, and after the activator is injected, the growth metabolic rate of the microorganisms in the oil reservoir can be promoted through the micro electric field, so that the utilization efficiency of the microorganisms on the activator is obviously improved. In addition, with the propulsion of the microbial displacement process, the distribution of the residual oil is dynamically changed, the growth and metabolism of microbes in the low residual oil saturation region can be inhibited by regulating and controlling the electric field intensity of different sites, the consumption of an activator in the low residual oil saturation region is effectively avoided, the growth and metabolism activity of endogenous microbes in the high residual oil saturation region is promoted, and the directional activation of the endogenous substances in the oil reservoirs in different regions is realized. The invention not only improves the metabolism efficiency of the oil reservoir endogenous microorganism to the activator, but also realizes the dynamic regulation and control of the oil reservoir endogenous microorganism metabolism activity at different time and different spatial scales, thereby obviously improving the oil displacement effect of the endogenous microorganism.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and benefits:
(1) the method is reasonable, simple in process, easy to operate, safe, reliable, low in investment and low in cost;
(2) the invention has the advantages of good field test effect, enhanced recovery ratio of more than 15 percent and input-output ratio of more than 1:10, thereby having wide popularization and application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a block G12Well position and electrode point distribution diagram of the oil-water well;
FIG. 2 shows a block G12Resistivity versus oil saturation;
FIG. 3 shows a block H15Well position and electrode point distribution diagram of the oil-water well;
FIG. 4 shows a block H15Resistivity versus oil saturation.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
Victory oil field certain block G12The permeability of the reservoir in the block is 380 multiplied by 10-3μm2The buried depth of an oil layer is 420m, the thickness of the buried oil layer is 7.3m, the viscosity of underground crude oil is 36 mPa.s, a one-injection four-extraction well network is provided with a water well with the number of 1-0, four oil wells are respectively provided with the number of 1-1, 1-2, 1-3 and 1-4, and the tracer is used for detecting that the water injection well and the four oil wells have good correspondence and connectivity. Planning to implement the present invention in this block, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) test Block screening
Block G12Oil reservoir permeability of 380 x 10-3μm2The buried depth of an oil layer is 420m, the thickness is 7.3m, the viscosity of underground crude oil is 36 mPa.s, and the tracer is used for detecting that the water injection well and four oil wells have good correspondence and connectivity. Meets the screening standard of the invention.
(2) Arrangement of electrode points of test block
Electrode points are uniformly distributed from the water injection well of the test block to the oil well which has a corresponding relation with the water injection well in the radial direction, the well spacing between the oil well and the water injection well and the number of the designed electrode points are shown in the table 1 and the figure 1, and 25 groups of electrode points are distributed in the well group.
TABLE 1 Block G12Well spacing and electrode point number of oil-water well
| Number of oil well | Well spacing from water injection well, m | Number of electrode points |
| 1-1 | 267 | 6 |
| 1-2 | 183 | 4 |
| 1-3 | 369 | 7 |
| 1-4 | 524 | 9 |
(3) Determination of relation between oil saturation and resistivity of test block
Test block G is taken12The crude oil and the formation water are prepared into oil-water mixtures with oil saturation degrees of 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 35%, the resistivity of the mixtures under different oil saturation degrees is measured, and a curve of the oil saturation degree along with the change of the resistivity is drawn, and the curve is shown in figure 2.
Obtaining a relation between the oil saturation and the resistivity through regression fitting:
y＝0.059ln(x)+0.0201
(4) detection of resistivity of electrode points of test block
Test block G12The initial resistivity of each electrode point and the detection results are shown in table 2.
(5) Determination of oil saturation of electrode point in test block
And determining the oil saturation of the electrode point of the test block according to the relation between the oil saturation and the resistivity and the measured resistivity, and referring to table 2.
(6) Determination of the electrode point voltage of a test block
The voltage of each electrode point is shown in table 2, the voltage of 0.3V-1.0V is applied to 13 groups of electrode points with the oil saturation of more than or equal to 35 percent to promote the growth and metabolism of the microorganisms in the area, and the voltage of 1.5V-2.0V is applied to 3 groups of electrode points with the oil saturation of less than or equal to 25 percent to inhibit the growth and metabolism of the microorganisms in the area.
TABLE 2 resistivity, oil saturation and voltage values at different electrode points
(7) On-site regulation
Test block G of 5 months in 201812Injecting an activator solution into the water injection well 1-0, applying voltage to the electrode points discontinuously according to the voltage values determined in the step (6), wherein the time ratio of power application to disconnection is 1:0.2, the power-on time is 1h, the disconnection time is 12min, detecting the resistivity of the electrode points once every 6 months, determining the oil saturation of the electrode points according to the step (5), and re-determining the voltage of different electrode points in the test block according to the step (6).
Tables 3 and 4 show the resistivity test results and the calculated voltage values of the 2 nd and 3 rd times, respectively, wherein the test time of the 2 nd time is 11 months in 2018, and the test time of the 3 rd time is 5 months in 2019.
TABLE 3 resistivity of electrode points, oil saturation and Voltage values (2 nd time)
TABLE 4 resistivity of electrode points, oil saturation and Voltage values (3 rd time)
(8) Evaluation of effects in field
And after the field test is finished, the field test effect is evaluated, and the evaluation result shows that the yield rate is improved by 22.6%, the input-output ratio is 1:15.3, and the field test effect is good.
Example 2
Victory oil field certain block H15The block oil reservoir permeability is 1250 multiplied by 10-3μm2The buried depth of an oil layer is 347m, the thickness of the oil layer is 12.8m, the viscosity of underground crude oil is 49 mPa.s, a one-injection four-extraction well network is provided with a water well with the number of 2-0, four oil wells are respectively provided with the number of 2-1, 2-2, 2-3 and 2-4, and the tracer is used for detecting that the water injection well and the four oil wells have good correspondence and connectivity. Planning to implement the present invention in this block, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) test Block screening
Block H15Reservoir permeability of 1250 x 10-3μm2And the buried depth of an oil layer is 347m, the thickness is 12.8m, the viscosity of underground crude oil is 49mPa & s, and the tracer is used for detecting that the water injection well has good correspondence and connectivity with four oil wells. Meets the screening standard of the invention.
(2) Arrangement of electrode points of test block
And electrode points are uniformly distributed from the water injection well of the test block to the oil well which has a corresponding relation with the water injection well. The well spacing between the oil well and the water injection well and the designed number of electrode points are shown in the table 5 and the figure 3, and 21 groups of electrode points are distributed in the well group.
TABLE 5 Block H15Well spacing and electrode point number of oil-water well
| Number of oil well | Well spacing to water injection well (m) | Number of electrode points |
| 2-1 | 147 | 4 |
| 2-2 | 231 | 6 |
| 2-3 | 157 | 4 |
| 2-4 | 345 | 7 |
(3) Determination of relation between oil saturation and resistivity of test block
Taking crude oil and formation water in a test block, configuring an oil-water mixture with oil saturation of 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 35%, measuring the resistivity of the mixture under different oil saturation, drawing a curve of the oil saturation changing along with the resistivity, and obtaining a relational expression of the oil saturation and the resistivity through regression fitting:
y＝0.0641ln(x)-0.0323
(4) detection of resistivity of electrode points of test block
Detecting block H15The resistivity of the electrode points and the results are shown in Table 6.
(5) Determination of oil saturation of electrode point in test block
And determining the oil saturation of the electrode point of the test block according to the relation between the oil saturation and the resistivity and the measured resistivity, and referring to table 6.
(6) Determination of the electrode point voltage of a test block
The voltage of each electrode point is shown in table 6, the growth and metabolism of the microorganisms in the area are promoted by applying 0.3V-1.0V to 7 groups of electrode points with the oil saturation of more than or equal to 35%, and the growth and metabolism of the microorganisms in the area are inhibited by applying 1.5V-2.0V to 5 groups of electrode points with the oil saturation of less than or equal to 25%.
TABLE 6 resistivity, oil saturation and voltage values at different electrode points
(7) On-site regulation
And (3) injecting an activator solution from a water injection well of the test block in 2017 for 12 months, intermittently applying voltage to the electrode points according to the voltage values determined in the step (6), wherein the time ratio of power application to power off is 1:0.3, the power-on time is 2h, the power-off time is 36min, detecting the resistivity of the electrode points every 8 months, determining the oil saturation of the electrode points according to the step (5), and re-determining the voltages of different electrode points of the test block according to the step (6).
Tables 7 and 8 show the resistivity test results and the calculated voltage values of the 2 nd and 3 rd times, respectively, wherein the test time of the 2 nd time is 8 months in 2018, and the test time of the 3 rd time is 4 months in 2019.
TABLE 7 resistivity of electrode points, oil saturation and Voltage values (2 nd time)
TABLE 8 resistivity of electrode points, oil saturation and Voltage values (3 rd time)
(8) Evaluation of effects in field
And after the field test is finished, the field test effect is evaluated, and the evaluation result shows that the yield rate is improved by 25.6%, the input-output ratio is 1:16.5, and the field test effect is good.
Claims (5)
1. A method for compositely displacing oil by utilizing an electric field and microorganisms is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) screening test blocks;
(2) arranging electrode points of the test block;
(3) determining the relation between the oil saturation and the resistivity of the test block;
(4) detecting the resistivity of the electrode points of the test block;
(5) determining the oil saturation of the electrode points of the test block;
(6) determining the electrode point voltage of the test block;
(7) regulating and controlling on site;
(8) carrying out effect evaluation on site;
the method for determining the relation between the oil saturation and the resistivity of the test block comprises the following specific steps: taking crude oil and formation water in a test block, preparing oil-water mixtures with different oil saturation degrees, measuring the resistivity of the mixtures, drawing a curve of the oil saturation degree changing along with the resistivity, and obtaining a relational expression of the oil saturation degree and the resistivity through regression fitting;
the method for determining the oil saturation of the electrode point of the test block comprises the following specific steps: determining the oil saturation of the electrode point of the test block according to the relation between the oil saturation and the resistivity and the measured resistivity;
the specific method for determining the electrode point voltage of the test block is as follows: the voltage value of the electrode point with the oil saturation degree of more than or equal to 35 percent is 0.3V-1.0V, and the voltage value of the electrode point with the oil saturation degree of less than or equal to 25 percent is 1.5V-2.0V;
the field regulation comprises the following specific steps: injecting an activator solution from a water injection well of the test block, and applying voltage to the electrode points intermittently according to the voltage value determined in the step (6), wherein the time ratio of power application to disconnection is 1: 0.2-0.3, and the power application time is 1-2 h; detecting the resistivity of the electrode points once every 6-8 months, determining the oil saturation of the electrode points according to the step (5), and re-determining the voltage of different electrode points in the test block according to the step (6).
2. The method for oil displacement by electric field and microorganism combination according to claim 1Characterized in that the block screening criteria are: permeability of oil reservoir>100×10-3μm2Buried depth of oil reservoir<500m, thickness>5m, crude oil subsurface viscosity<50 mPas, and the water injection well has good correspondence and connectivity with an oil well.
3. The method for oil displacement by using electric field and microorganism in a combined mode according to claim 1, wherein the arrangement of the electrode points refers to that the electrode points are uniformly arranged from a water injection well of a test block to an oil well which has a corresponding relationship with the water injection well.
4. The method for oil displacement by combining an electric field and microorganisms according to claim 3, wherein the number of the electrode points is related to the well spacing L of the oil-water well, L is less than or equal to 100m, and the number of the electrode points is 3 groups; l is more than 100m and less than or equal to 200m, and the number of the electrode points is 4-5 groups; l & gt is 200m, the number of the electrode points is 6-9 groups, and the electrodes are numbered in sequence from the first point when the water injection well points to the direction of the oil well.
5. The method for oil displacement by combining electric field and microorganism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the evaluation of the effect is performed after the completion of the field test, and the indexes of the evaluation of the effect of the field test are the recovery rate improvement value and the input-output ratio.
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