CN110863602A - 一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板 - Google Patents
一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,包括发泡混凝土层,在所述发泡混凝土层外侧设置有保温隔热层,在所述保温隔热层外侧设置有吸音减震层,在所述吸音减震层外侧设置有找平层,在所述找平层外侧设置有饰面层。其中,轻钢龙骨铺设于所述发泡混凝土层中,所述发泡混凝土层利用了固体废弃物、农作物秸秆为原材料,实现了资源化利用,具有较高的经济和环保效益。本发明工艺简单,保温效果良好,兼具节能、隔音、防震等特点,实用性强。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于建筑材料领域,具体涉及一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板。
背景技术
近年来,建筑产业现代化步伐不断加快,现代建筑功能向多元化不断发展,开始以具有经济、适用、抗震、环保、节能和建造简单为原则加快发展,特别是在水泥直塑建筑中,轻钢网架结构体系和预制装配技术在世界范围内得到不断关注。但现阶段轻钢网架直塑建筑在使用时存在着诸如能耗高、隔声性能有待改进且保温、隔热性能不足等问题。。
发明内容
本发明解决了现有技术存在的问题,提供了一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,大大提高了保温、隔热、隔声、耐撞击的性能,达到或超过了装配式建筑要求的各项性能指标,该墙体可作为各类建筑(尤其是装配式建筑)的外围护墙体、内隔墙或分户墙。
本发明通过下述技术方案实现:一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,所述保温墙板从内到外依次设置有发泡混凝土层、保温隔热层、吸音减震层、找平层、饰面层,各层之间采用干粉状保温胶粘剂固定;所述保温隔热层包括内层气凝胶保温层和外层棉板隔热层,所述吸音减震层通过找平层与饰面层相连。其中,轻钢龙骨铺设于发泡混凝土层中。
优选的,所述发泡混凝土层由20-60%发泡混凝土、5-25%固体废弃物、5-25%农作物秸秆、0.5-5%外加剂、10-35%水组成,各组分重量总和为100%。
优选的,所述固体废弃物由矿渣、炉渣、粉煤灰中的一种或几种组成,所述农作物秸秆由玉米、小麦、水稻、棉花秸秆中的一种或几种组成。
优选的,所述外加剂由减水剂、缓凝剂、增稠剂和防冻剂组成。
优选的,所述外加剂中的减水剂由木质素磺酸钙、木质素磺酸镁、磺化三聚氰胺树脂中的一种或几种组成;所述外加剂中的缓凝剂由柠檬酸、糖蜜、木钠中的一种或几种组成;所述外加剂中的增稠剂由纤维素醚、羧甲基羟乙基纤维素、聚丙烯酰胺中的一种或几种组成;所述外加剂中的防冻剂由氯化钙、亚硝酸钙、碳酸钾中的一种或几种组成。
优选的,所述气凝胶保温层由二氧化硅气凝胶、氧化铝气凝胶、氧化锆气凝胶、碳气凝胶、石墨烯气凝胶和纤维素气凝胶的一种或几种组成,所述棉板隔热层由玻璃棉、离心玻璃棉、岩棉中的一种或几种组成。
优选的,所述吸音减震层由吸音减震板或吸音减震毡中的一种或两种组成。
优选的,所述饰面层由拉毛灰或乳胶漆中的一种或两种组成。
优选的,所述轻钢龙骨为冷弯型钢龙骨,由热镀铝锌钢板或镀锌钢板中的一种或两种组成。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下的优点和有益效果:
(1)本发明利用农作物秸秆和固体废弃物为原材料,生产高强度的复合板材,其来源丰富,价格低廉,直接减少了对农作物秸秆的焚烧及固体废弃物的排放,降低了自然污染。
(2)本发明增设气凝胶保温层,其具有纳米级孔结构和超低导热系数,对温度波的延迟和隔热性能均明显优于传统隔热材料,如泡沫材料、聚苯乙烯板、聚氨酯板,大大降低了建筑物的能耗。
(3)本发明的各个层与基墙连接为一体,提高了墙板的完整性与功能性。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明实施例的进一步理解,构成本申请的一部分,并不构成对本发明实施例的限定。在附图中:
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
附图中标记及对应的零部件名称:
1-发泡混凝土层,2-保温隔热层,3-吸音减震层,4-找平层,5-饰面层,6-气凝胶保温层,7-棉板隔热层。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,从内到外依次设置有发泡混凝土层1、保温隔热层2、吸音减震层3、找平层4、饰面层5,各层之间采用干粉状保温胶粘剂固定。所述保温隔热层2包括内层气凝胶保温层6和外层棉板隔热层7,所述吸音减震层3通过找平层4与饰面层5相连。其中,轻钢龙骨铺设于发泡混凝土层1中。
发泡混凝土层由下列成分组成(重量百分比):发泡混凝土30%、固体废弃物20%、农作物秸秆20%、外加剂2.5%、水27.5%。
固体废弃物由下列成分组成(重量百分比):矿渣50%、炉渣25%、粉煤灰25%。
农作物秸秆由下列成分组成(重量百分比):玉米秸秆50%、小麦秸秆50%。
外加剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):减水剂25%、缓凝剂25%、增稠剂25%、防冻剂25%。
减水剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):木质素磺酸钙40%、木质素磺酸镁50%、磺化三聚氰胺树脂10%。
缓凝剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):柠檬酸40%、糖蜜60%。
增稠剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):纤维素醚20%、聚丙烯酰胺40%、羧甲基羟乙基纤维素40%。
防冻剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):氯化钙35%、亚硝酸钙65%。
气凝胶保温层由下列成分组成(重量百分比):二氧化硅气凝胶60%、碳气凝胶10%、30%氧化锆气凝胶。
棉板隔热层由玻璃棉组成。
吸音减震层由吸音减震毡组成。
饰面层由拉毛灰组成。
轻钢龙骨由热镀铝锌钢板组成。
实施例2
一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,从内到外依次设置有发泡混凝土层1、保温隔热层2、吸音减震层3、找平层4、饰面层5,各层之间采用干粉状保温胶粘剂固定。所述保温隔热层2包括内层气凝胶保温层6和外层棉板隔热层7,所述吸音减震层3通过找平层4与饰面层5相连。其中,轻钢龙骨铺设于发泡混凝土层1中。
发泡混凝土层由下列成分组成(重量百分比):发泡混凝土35%、固体废弃物10%、农作物秸秆23%、外加剂2%、水30%。
固体废弃物由下列成分组成(重量百分比):矿渣60%、炉渣20%、粉煤灰20%。
农作物秸秆由下列成分组成(重量百分比):玉米秸秆50%、小麦秸秆25%、水稻秸秆25%。
外加剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):减水剂20%、缓凝剂30%、增稠剂25%、防冻剂25%。
减水剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):木质素磺酸钙40%、木质素磺酸镁60%。
缓凝剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):柠檬酸20%、糖蜜40%、木钠40%。
增稠剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):纤维素醚20%、聚丙烯酰胺80%。
防冻剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):氯化钙30%、亚硝酸钙25%、碳酸钾45%。
气凝胶保温层由下列成分组成(重量百分比):纤维素气凝胶30%、氧化铝气凝胶50%、20%石墨烯气凝胶。
棉板隔热层由离心玻璃棉和岩棉组成。
吸音减震层由吸音减震板组成。
饰面层由乳胶漆组成。
轻钢龙骨由热镀铝锌钢板组成。
实施例3
一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,从内到外依次设置有发泡混凝土层1、保温隔热层2、吸音减震层3、找平层4、饰面层5,各层之间采用干粉状保温胶粘剂固定。所述保温隔热层2包括内层气凝胶保温层6和外层棉板隔热层7,所述吸音减震层3通过找平层4与饰面层5相连。其中,轻钢龙骨铺设于发泡混凝土层1中。
发泡混凝土层由下列成分组成(重量百分比):发泡混凝土40%、固体废弃物10%、农作物秸秆15%、外加剂3%、水32%。
固体废弃物由下列成分组成(重量百分比):矿渣60%、粉煤灰40%。
农作物秸秆由下列成分组成(重量百分比):小麦秸秆45%、水稻秸秆55%。
外加剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):减水剂20%、缓凝剂30%、增稠剂40%、防冻剂10%。
减水剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):木质素磺酸钙40%、磺化三聚氰胺树脂60%。
缓凝剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):柠檬酸30%、糖蜜30%、木钠40%。
增稠剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):纤维素醚60%、羧甲基羟乙基纤维素40%。
防冻剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):氯化钙50%、碳酸钾50%。
气凝胶保温层由下列成分组成(重量百分比):二氧化硅气凝胶70%、石墨烯气凝胶30%。
棉板隔热层由岩棉组成。
吸音减震层由吸音减震毡和减震板组成。
饰面层由乳胶漆组成。
轻钢龙骨由热镀锌钢板和热镀铝钢板组成。
实施例4
一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,从内到外依次设置有发泡混凝土层1、保温隔热层2、吸音减震层3、找平层4、饰面层5,各层之间采用干粉状保温胶粘剂固定。所述保温隔热层2包括内层气凝胶保温层6和外层棉板隔热层7,所述吸音减震层3通过找平层4与饰面层5相连。其中,轻钢龙骨铺设于发泡混凝土层1中。
发泡混凝土层由下列成分组成(重量百分比):发泡混凝土20%、固体废弃物25%、农作物秸秆25%、外加剂5%、水25%。
固体废弃物由下列成分组成(重量百分比):矿渣100%。
农作物秸秆由下列成分组成(重量百分比):棉花秸秆100%。
外加剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):减水剂25%、缓凝剂25%、增稠剂25%、防冻剂25%。
减水剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):木质素磺酸钙100%。
缓凝剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):木钠100%。
增稠剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):羧甲基羟乙基纤维素100%。
防冻剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):氯化钙100%。
气凝胶保温层由下列成分组成(重量百分比):二氧化硅气凝胶100%。
棉板隔热层由岩棉组成。
吸音减震层由吸音减震毡和减震板组成。
饰面层由拉毛灰和乳胶漆组成。
轻钢龙骨由热镀锌钢板和热镀铝钢板组成。
实施例5
一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,从内到外依次设置有发泡混凝土层1、保温隔热层2、吸音减震层3、找平层4、饰面层5,各层之间采用干粉状保温胶粘剂固定。所述保温隔热层2包括内层气凝胶保温层6和外层棉板隔热层7,所述吸音减震层3通过找平层4与饰面层5相连。其中,轻钢龙骨铺设于发泡混凝土层1中。
发泡混凝土层由下列成分组成(重量百分比):发泡混凝土60%、固体废弃物10%、农作物秸秆19.5%、外加剂0.5%、水10%。
固体废弃物由下列成分组成(重量百分比):粉煤灰100%。
农作物秸秆由下列成分组成(重量百分比):水稻秸秆50%、棉花秸秆50%。
外加剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):减水剂25%、缓凝剂25%、增稠剂25%、防冻剂25%。
减水剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):磺化三聚氰胺树脂100%。
缓凝剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):柠檬酸20%、糖蜜30%、木钠50%。
增稠剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):纤维素醚100%。
防冻剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):亚硝酸钙50%、碳酸钾50%。
气凝胶保温层由下列成分组成(重量百分比):氧化铝气凝胶50%、氧化锆气凝胶50%。
棉板隔热层由岩棉组成。
吸音减震层由吸音减震毡和减震板组成。
饰面层由拉毛灰和乳胶漆组成。
轻钢龙骨由热镀锌钢板和热镀铝钢板组成。
实施例6
一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,从内到外依次设置有发泡混凝土层1、保温隔热层2、吸音减震层3、找平层4、饰面层5,各层之间采用干粉状保温胶粘剂固定。所述保温隔热层2包括内层气凝胶保温层6和外层棉板隔热层7,所述吸音减震层3通过找平层4与饰面层5相连。其中,轻钢龙骨铺设于发泡混凝土层1中。
发泡混凝土层由下列成分组成(重量百分比):发泡混凝土50%、固体废弃物5%、农作物秸秆5%、外加剂5%、水35%。
固体废弃物由下列成分组成(重量百分比):粉煤灰100%。
农作物秸秆由下列成分组成(重量百分比):水稻秸秆50%、棉花秸秆50%。
外加剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):减水剂25%、缓凝剂25%、增稠剂25%、防冻剂25%。
减水剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):磺化三聚氰胺树脂100%。
缓凝剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):柠檬酸20%、糖蜜30%、木钠50%。
增稠剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):纤维素醚100%。
防冻剂由下列成分组成(重量百分比):亚硝酸钙50%、碳酸钾50%。
气凝胶保温层由下列成分组成(重量百分比):氧化铝气凝胶50%、氧化锆气凝胶50%。
棉板隔热层由岩棉组成。
吸音减震层由吸音减震毡和减震板组成。
饰面层由拉毛灰和乳胶漆组成。
轻钢龙骨由热镀锌钢板和热镀铝钢板组成。
性能测试
对上述实施例1-6制备得到的保温墙板进行性能测试:产品物理力学性能符合JC/T1057-2007《玻璃纤维增强水泥外墙板》的各项性能指标,产品保温性能符合GB/T 10294-2008《绝热材料稳态热阻及相关特性的测定 防护热板法》的相关性能指标;保温隔热层与上下层之间的拉伸粘结强度不小于0.1MPa;防火等级A1级;传热系数不大于0.9W/(m2·K);导热系数0.045-0.130W/(m·K);水蒸气透过湿流密度不小于0.90。
Claims (9)
1.一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,其特征在于,所述保温墙板从内到外依次设置有发泡混凝土层(1)、保温隔热层(2)、吸音减震层(3)、找平层(4)、饰面层(5),各层之间采用干粉状保温胶粘剂固定;所述保温隔热层(2)包括内层气凝胶保温层(6)和外层棉板隔热层(7);其中,轻钢龙骨铺设于发泡混凝土层(1)中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,其特征在于,所述发泡混凝土层由20-60%发泡混凝土、5-25%固体废弃物、5-25%农作物秸秆、0.5-5%外加剂和10-35%水组成,各组分重量总和为100%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,其特征在于,所述固体废弃物由矿渣、炉渣、粉煤灰中的一种或几种组成,所述农作物秸秆由玉米、小麦、水稻、棉花秸秆中的一种或几种组成。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,其特征在于,所述外加剂由减水剂、缓凝剂、增稠剂和防冻剂组成。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,其特征在于,所述外加剂中的减水剂由木质素磺酸钙、木质素磺酸镁、磺化三聚氰胺树脂中的一种或几种组成;所述外加剂中的缓凝剂由柠檬酸、糖蜜、木钠中的一种或几种组成;所述外加剂中的增稠剂由纤维素醚、羧甲基羟乙基纤维素、聚丙烯酰胺中的一种或几种组成;所述外加剂中的防冻剂由氯化钙、亚硝酸钙、碳酸钾中的一种或几种组成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,其特征在于,所述气凝胶保温层(6)由二氧化硅气凝胶、氧化铝气凝胶、氧化锆气凝胶、碳气凝胶、石墨烯气凝胶和纤维素气凝胶中的一种或几种组成,所述棉板隔热层(7)由玻璃棉、离心玻璃棉、岩棉中的一种或几种组成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,其特征在于,所述吸音减震层(3)由吸音减震板或吸音减震毡中的一种或两种组成。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,其特征在于,所述饰面层(5)由拉毛灰或乳胶漆中的一种或两种组成。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种轻钢网架表面具有组合多功能结构的保温墙板,其特征在于,所述轻钢龙骨为冷弯型钢龙骨,由热镀铝钢板或镀锌钢板中的一种或两种组成。
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