CN110848234A - 一种锁紧机构 - Google Patents

一种锁紧机构 Download PDF

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CN110848234A
CN110848234A CN201911108405.6A CN201911108405A CN110848234A CN 110848234 A CN110848234 A CN 110848234A CN 201911108405 A CN201911108405 A CN 201911108405A CN 110848234 A CN110848234 A CN 110848234A
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gasket
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screw rod
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CN110848234B (zh
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张志军
林上民
王�锋
翟波
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XiAn Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of CAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
    • F16B39/24—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by means of washers, spring washers, or resilient plates that lock against the object
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B2/00—Friction-grip releasable fastenings
    • F16B2/005—Means to increase the friction-coefficient
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
    • F16B39/28—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by special members on, or shape of, the nut or bolt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/02—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread
    • F16B5/0258—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of fastening members using screw-thread using resiliently deformable sleeves, grommets or inserts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/06—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips
    • F16B5/0607—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips joining sheets or plates to each other
    • F16B5/0621—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips joining sheets or plates to each other in parallel relationship
    • F16B5/0642—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips joining sheets or plates to each other in parallel relationship the plates being arranged one on top of the other and in full close contact with each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/06—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips
    • F16B5/0607—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips joining sheets or plates to each other
    • F16B5/0621—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips joining sheets or plates to each other in parallel relationship
    • F16B5/0664—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of clamps or clips joining sheets or plates to each other in parallel relationship at least one of the sheets or plates having integrally formed or integrally connected snap-in-features

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)
  • Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)

Abstract

为解决现有锁紧方式会对螺纹配合结构之间的配合螺纹造成损伤，以及可能导致配合螺纹永久固死而难以解锁的问题，本发明提供了一种锁紧机构，包括紧定螺钉和采用塑料、铜或铝制成的结构垫片；紧定螺钉包括依次连接的螺帽、第一螺杆、光杆和第二螺杆；第一螺杆与待锁紧结构体上的螺纹孔匹配；结构垫片整体呈圆柱状且下端封闭；结构垫片上自上至下设置有螺纹孔槽和可容纳第二螺杆的圆柱形内腔；螺纹孔槽的内螺纹与第二螺杆的外螺纹适配；解锁时，随着紧定螺钉的旋出，结构垫片逐渐与紧定螺钉的第二螺杆螺纹配合，使结构垫片易被紧定螺钉带出，利于结构垫片的脱出和更换，防止结构垫片因反复锁紧和解锁导致垫片屑末脱落致使解锁失效。

Description

一种锁紧机构
技术领域
本发明涉及一种锁紧机构，可用于螺纹配合结构的锁紧，也可用于两结构体之间无配合螺纹，但是其中一结构体表面具有较为尖锐的凸起结构的两结构体之间的锁紧。
背景技术
工程应用中常使用螺纹配合结构来进行固定，但随着热环境、振动环境的影响，仅靠螺纹配合时，配合精度往往会随着时间推移而降低甚至失效，因此需要为螺纹配合结构设计锁紧机构来保证其配合精度。
目前，通过螺纹配合的待锁紧结构体一与待锁紧结构体二之间的锁紧，常使用紧定螺钉实现；当需要锁紧时，将紧定螺钉尖端从待锁紧结构体一的螺纹孔插入并顶紧待锁紧结构体一与待锁紧结构体二的配合螺纹，从而实现待锁紧结构体一和待锁紧结构体二之间的配合螺纹锁紧；当需要解锁时，退出紧定螺钉即可。这种锁紧方式的缺点是：紧定螺钉的尖端会对待锁紧结构体一与待锁紧结构体二之间的配合螺纹造成损伤，特别是当待锁紧结构体一与待锁紧结构体二处于较大力矩传递时，可能导致二者的配合螺纹永久固死，难以实现解锁。
发明内容
为了解决现有锁紧方式会对螺纹配合结构之间的配合螺纹造成损伤，以及可能导致配合螺纹永久固死而难以解锁的技术问题，本发明提供了一种锁紧机构。
本发明的技术方案是：
一种锁紧机构，包括紧定螺钉；其特殊之处在于：
所述紧定螺钉包括依次连接的螺帽、第一螺杆、光杆和第二螺杆；第一螺杆与待锁紧结构体上的螺纹孔相匹配；光杆的直径小于第一螺杆的螺纹大径；第二螺杆的螺纹大径小于第一螺杆的螺纹大径；
还包括结构垫片；所述结构垫片整体呈圆柱状，且上端开口、下端封闭；结构垫片上沿轴向自上至下依次设置有螺纹孔槽和可容纳所述第二螺杆的圆柱形内腔；所述螺纹孔槽的内螺纹与所述第二螺杆的外螺纹相适配；所述圆柱形内腔的轴向长度大于第二螺杆的轴向长度；
所述结构垫片套设在所述紧定螺钉外，且位于所述光杆与所述第二螺杆处；
所述结构垫片采用塑料、铜或铝制成。
进一步地，所述结构垫片的底部厚度大于待压入螺纹深度。
进一步地，所述结构垫片由聚四氟乙烯制成。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、本发明在解锁时，随着紧定螺钉的旋出，结构垫片逐渐与紧定螺钉的第二螺杆螺纹配合，使得结构垫片容易被紧定螺钉带出，有利于结构垫片的脱出和更换，防止结构垫片因反复锁紧和解锁而导致垫片屑末脱落致使解锁失效，提高了提高锁紧和解锁的可靠性。
2、本发明中结构垫片被紧定螺钉压入待锁紧结构体一的螺纹孔中，由于结构垫片材质较软，能够被紧定螺钉压紧并嵌于待锁紧结构体一与待锁紧结构体二的配合螺纹中，并且对该配合螺纹不会造成损伤，有利于配合螺纹的解锁和反复使用。
3、当紧定螺钉受热环境、振动环境等影响发生微量松动时，结构垫片因嵌入螺纹中不受影响，仍可有效实现锁紧功能。
4、本发明中结构垫片嵌入面较现有技术的紧定螺钉尖端大得多，能够更有效的实现锁紧。
5、本发明仅有两个零件，结构形式简单，操作简单。
附图说明
图1是本发明中紧定螺钉的剖面示意图。
图2是本发明中结构垫片的剖面示意图。
图3是本发明应用示例示意图一。
图4是本发明应用示例示意图二。
图5是待锁紧结构体外表面凹槽内尖锐凸起的示意图一。
图6是待锁紧结构体外表面凹槽内尖锐凸起的示意图二。
图7是待锁紧结构体外表面凹槽内尖锐凸起的示意图三。
附图标记说明：1-紧定螺钉，11-螺帽，12-第一螺杆，13-光杆段，14-第二螺杆；2-结构垫片，21-螺纹孔槽，22-圆柱形内腔；3-待锁紧结构体一，4-待锁紧结构体二。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
本发明的锁紧机构包括配合使用的紧定螺钉1和结构垫片2。
如图1所示，紧定螺钉1包括依次连接的螺帽11、第一螺杆12、光杆13和第二螺杆14；螺帽11用于外部操作接口；螺杆12上设置有与待锁紧结构的螺纹孔配合的外螺纹，用于约束紧定螺钉的位置；第二螺杆14上设置有外螺纹。光杆13的直径小于第一螺杆12的螺纹大径；第二螺杆14的螺纹大径小于第一螺杆12的螺纹大径。
如图2所示，结构垫片2为圆柱状结构，沿柱状结构轴向设置有螺纹孔槽21，螺纹孔槽21的内螺纹与紧定螺钉1的第二螺杆14的外螺纹相适配，螺纹孔槽21的下方设置可容纳第二螺杆14的圆柱形内腔22，圆柱形内腔22的直径大于螺纹孔槽21的直径，圆柱形内腔22的轴向长度大于第二螺杆14的轴向长度；结构垫片2的材料可选用较软的金属，比如铜片、铝片；结构垫片2的材料也可使用塑料片，比如聚四氟乙烯材料。
使用前，先将结构垫片2可拆卸地套设在紧定螺钉1的第二螺杆14和光杆13处，装配成本发明的锁紧机构；如图3所示，当需要锁紧时，将本发明锁紧机构旋入待锁紧结构体一3的螺纹孔中，紧定螺钉1的位置可通过其第一螺杆12与待锁紧结构体一3的螺纹孔配合进行调节，从而使结构垫片2被紧定螺钉1压紧并嵌于待锁紧结构体一3与待锁紧结构体二4的配合螺纹中，实现锁定；当需要解锁时，旋出紧定螺钉1使紧定螺钉1脱出，在紧定螺钉1脱出的同时可带出结构垫片2，实现解锁。
如图4，待锁紧结构体一3、待锁紧结构体二4两者之间无配合螺纹，仅待锁紧结构体二4具有部分较为尖锐的凸起结构，如图5、6、7所示(凸起结构可为尖锐的圆弧状，可为尖锐的条纹状，可为离散的尖锐点等)；凸起结构整体可低于待锁紧结构体二4的外表面，也可高于待锁紧结构体二4的外表面；使用紧定螺钉1将结构垫片2压至尖锐凸起结构实现锁紧以及相应的解锁，可大幅提高待锁紧结构体一3与待锁紧结构体二4的配合精度(无螺纹配合结构)，进一步扩展了本发明的应用范围，这里不再赘述。

Claims (3)

1.一种锁紧机构，包括紧定螺钉；其特征在于：
所述紧定螺钉(1)包括依次连接的螺帽(11)、第一螺杆(12)、光杆(13)和第二螺杆(14)；第一螺杆(12)与待锁紧结构体上的螺纹孔相匹配；光杆(13)的直径小于第一螺杆(12)的螺纹大径；第二螺杆(14)的螺纹大径小于第一螺杆(12)的螺纹大径；
还包括结构垫片(2)；所述结构垫片(2)整体呈圆柱状，且上端开口、下端封闭；结构垫片(2)上沿轴向自上至下依次设置有螺纹孔槽(21)和可容纳所述第二螺杆(14)的圆柱形内腔(22)；所述螺纹孔槽(21)的内螺纹与所述第二螺杆(14)的外螺纹相适配；所述圆柱形内腔(22)的轴向长度大于第二螺杆(14)的轴向长度；
所述结构垫片(2)套设在所述紧定螺钉(1)外，且位于所述光杆(13)与所述第二螺杆(14)处；
所述结构垫片(2)采用塑料、铜或铝制成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的锁紧机构，其特征在于：所述结构垫片(2)的底部厚度大于待压入螺纹深度。
3.根据权利要求1所述的锁紧机构，其特征在于：所述结构垫片(2)由聚四氟乙烯制成。
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CN115823089A (zh) * 2022-11-25 2023-03-21 昆明理工大学 一种防止螺钉压紧的件转动结构以及方法

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CN205533672U (zh) * 2016-01-22 2016-08-31 阳光电源股份有限公司 一种紧固螺钉安装结构及具有该紧固螺钉安装结构的机箱
CN208321737U (zh) * 2018-04-09 2019-01-04 济南大学 一种电磁压边拉深试验装置
CN109185320A (zh) * 2018-11-06 2019-01-11 合肥惠科金扬科技有限公司 螺钉组件
CN110131279A (zh) * 2019-06-19 2019-08-16 嘉兴光明五金制品有限公司 一种家用电器组合式螺母
CN211398222U (zh) * 2019-11-13 2020-09-01 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 一种锁紧机构

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CN112059382A (zh) * 2020-10-19 2020-12-11 南京奥源科技实业有限公司 一种用于拉弧式手持螺柱焊枪的灭弧罩安装结构
CN115823089A (zh) * 2022-11-25 2023-03-21 昆明理工大学 一种防止螺钉压紧的件转动结构以及方法

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