CN110846074A - Continuous production equipment and production method based on biomass gasification furnace - Google Patents
Continuous production equipment and production method based on biomass gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 73
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 65
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0906—Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
- C10J2300/0909—Drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
- C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses continuous production equipment and a production method based on a biomass gasification furnace, which comprises a slicing machine, wherein the output end of the slicing machine is communicated with the feed end of a buffer bin through a first conveying device, the output end of the buffer bin is communicated with the feed end of a dryer through a second conveying device, the dryer is externally connected with a combustion furnace, and the discharge end of the dryer is communicated with the feed end of the biomass gasification furnace through a third conveying device; the method changes the traditional utilization mode of direct combustion of biomass, and the raw materials such as logs or waste wood are sent into the biomass gasifier for gasification after being treated, so that the raw materials such as logs or waste wood are converted into biomass gas and biomass carbon, the generated biomass gas can reduce the dependence on fossil energy such as coal, petroleum and natural gas, protect national energy resources, improve the utilization efficiency of the biomass energy and reduce the pollution to the environment; meanwhile, the tail gas in the whole process meets the emission requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomass gasification equipment, in particular to continuous production equipment and a production method based on a biomass gasification furnace.
Background
The biomass energy is the earliest, the most and the most direct energy utilized by human beings, and before coal fuel is utilized on a large scale in the 18 th century, the human beings mainly depend on wood as fuel. The energy contained in biomass is quite remarkable, and according to the estimation of biologists, the total amount of biomass energy grown annually on the earth is about 1400-1800 million tons (dry weight), which is equivalent to 10 times of the total energy consumption in the world at present. The biomass energy of China is very rich, for example, the quantity of straws is about 8 hundred million tons every year at present, which is equivalent to about 5 hundred million tons of standard coal. Firewood and forestry waste are also large in quantity, and forestry waste (not including charcoal firewood) reaches about 3700m for each year, which is equivalent to 2000 ten thousand tons of standard coal.
The biomass combustion is a traditional utilization mode, but the heat efficiency is low, the labor intensity is high, and the pollution is serious. Biomass energy can be efficiently utilized through a biomass energy conversion technology to produce various clean fuels, so that the fuels such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like are replaced; the method can also be used for producing electric power, reducing the dependence on mineral energy, protecting national energy resources and reducing the pollution of energy consumption to the environment. The biomass gasification technology is a process for converting solid biomass into gas fuel through thermochemical reaction, and the biomass gasification utilization technology in China begins around 80 years in the 20 th century. The biomass gasification furnace can be divided into two types of a fixed bed and a fluidized bed according to different operation modes. The fixed bed gasification furnace is divided into an updraft type, a transverse draft type and a downdraft type. The biomass gasification technology changes the traditional mode of directly burning biomass to obtain energy, and the biomass is converted into clean combustible gas through the gasification technology, so that the application range of biomass energy is greatly enlarged.
The traditional biomass direct combustion technology has the defects of low energy utilization efficiency of ①, environment pollution of ② and high ③ labor intensity, and is different from the traditional biomass direct combustion technology, when a fixed bed downdraft biomass gasification furnace works, biomass raw materials need to be processed into required furnace charges, and the furnace charges are converted into combustible biomass gas through thermochemical reaction in the gasification furnace.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and adopts the technical scheme that:
a continuous production device based on a biomass gasification furnace comprises a slicing machine, a buffer storage bin, a dryer, a combustion furnace and the biomass gasification furnace, wherein the output end of the slicing machine is communicated with the feed end of the buffer storage bin through a first conveying device, the output end of the buffer storage bin is communicated with the feed end of the dryer through a second conveying device, the dryer is externally connected with the combustion furnace, and the discharge end of the dryer is communicated with the feed end of the biomass gasification furnace through a third conveying device.
Further, the first conveying device and the second conveying device are both belt conveyors.
Further, the third conveying device comprises a belt conveyor communicated with the output end of the dryer, and the output end of the belt conveyor is communicated with a bucket elevator.
Furthermore, a tail gas outlet of the dryer is communicated with a tail gas treatment device.
Further, the tail gas treatment device comprises a cyclone dust collector communicated with a tail gas outlet of the dryer, and an output end of the cyclone dust collector is communicated with an induced draft fan.
Furthermore, an electric discharge valve is arranged at the output end of the buffer bin.
And the slicing machine, the first conveying device, the electric discharge valve of the buffer bin, the dryer and the second conveying device are all in control connection with the control cabinet.
The biomass gasification furnace comprises a furnace body, wherein an air inlet and a furnace charge feed inlet are formed in the furnace body, a connecting cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body, a fire grate is rotatably arranged in the connecting cylinder close to the furnace body end, the fire grate enables the space of the furnace body to be separated from the space of the connecting cylinder, a carbon outlet is formed in the fire grate, and the fire grate is connected with a transmission mechanism for driving the fire grate to rotate; the wall of the connecting cylinder is provided with a gas outlet which is connected with a negative pressure fan, the lower end of the connecting cylinder is connected with a carbon deposition chamber, and the lower end of the carbon deposition chamber is connected with a carbon discharging mechanism.
Furthermore, go out carbon mechanism and include out the carbon passageway, go out and install spiral output shaft along its axial in the carbon passageway, spiral output shaft is last to install output blade, spiral output shaft one end is installed power unit.
A continuous production method based on a biomass gasification furnace comprises the following steps:
a. throwing raw materials such as log waste wood with qualified sizes into a feeding end of a slicing machine, driving a blade to cut the raw materials into wood chips by a cutter head rotating at a high speed in the slicing machine, and throwing the cut wood chips out of an output end of the slicing machine onto a belt conveyor;
b. the belt conveyor conveys the cut wood chips to the feeding end of the buffer bin, when the wood chips in the buffer bin are stored to a set amount, the control cabinet controls the electric discharge valve at the bottom of the buffer bin to open, and the stored wood chips are conveyed to the dryer by the belt conveyor;
c. the combustion furnace is controlled by the control cabinet to start working, the combustion furnace conveys hot air heated in the furnace into the dryer, the wood chips continuously roll and move towards the discharge end of the dryer along with the slow rotation of the dryer under the action of a guide vane in the dryer, and the wood chips are dried to the specified requirement under the action of hot air drying;
d. the dryer discharges dust-containing tail gas generated by drying wood chips, the dust-containing tail gas enters the cyclone dust collector under the action of the induced draft fan, particle dust is collected at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector under the action of the centrifugal force of the cyclone dust collector, the tail gas after dust removal is discharged through the induced draft fan, a worker controls the opening of a discharge valve of the dryer at a control cabinet, and the dried wood chips are discharged from the discharge end of the dryer and fall into a belt conveyor;
e. the belt conveyor conveys the dried wood chips to the bucket elevator, and the control cabinet controls the bucket elevator to convey the dried wood chips to the fixed bed downdraft biomass gasification furnace for gasification.
f. The wood chips enter the furnace body from the charging opening, air is sucked into the furnace body from the air inlet, the wood chips respectively pass through four different temperature reaction stages of a drying layer, a pyrolysis layer, an oxidation layer and a reduction layer in the furnace body, in the wood chip reaction process, the fire grate rotates, the wood chips can form biomass gas and biomass carbon after reacting in the furnace body, the biomass gas can be sucked out from a gas outlet, and the biomass carbon enters the carbon deposition chamber through the carbon outlet and is output by the carbon outlet mechanism.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention relates to continuous production equipment based on a biomass gasification furnace, which changes the utilization mode of the traditional direct combustion of biomass, and is characterized in that raw materials such as logs or waste wood are sent into the biomass gasification furnace for gasification after being processed, so that the conversion of the raw materials such as logs or waste wood into biomass gas and biomass carbon is realized, the generated biomass gas can reduce the dependence of fossil energy such as coal, petroleum and natural gas, protect national energy resources, improve the utilization efficiency of the biomass energy and reduce the pollution to the environment; meanwhile, no waste water or waste residue is generated in the whole process, and the tail gas meets the emission requirement.
2. According to the biomass energy source processing device, the slicing machine, the buffer bin and the dryer are matched, the biomass raw material is processed into the furnace burden meeting the requirements of the fixed bed downdraft biomass gasification furnace, the traditional biomass direct combustion technology is changed, the biomass energy source processing device is suitable for processing the biomass raw material of the fixed bed downdraft biomass gasification furnace, the process is simple, the operation is easy, the equipment cost is low, and the utilization efficiency of biomass energy sources is improved; meanwhile, tail gas generated in the process of generating wood burden is treated by a tail gas treatment device, so that particle impurities in the discharged waste gas are removed, and the discharge requirement is met.
3. According to the biomass gas furnace, the biomass raw material is converted into the biomass gas by the biomass gasification furnace, the contact area of the material and the grate is larger by the biomass gasification furnace, the gasification furnace smoothly discharges carbon under the action of rotation of the grate, the carbon discharging speed is high, and the carbon discharging mechanism is matched and installed at the bottom of the gasification furnace, so that biomass carbon can fall into the carbon deposition chamber and is automatically output by the carbon discharging mechanism, the labor input can be reduced, the separation of the biomass gas and the biomass carbon is realized, and the working efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a continuous production apparatus of a biomass gasification furnace according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a biomass gasifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of the internal structure of the biomass gasifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the internal structure A of the biomass gasifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of a continuous production apparatus of a biomass gasification furnace according to embodiment 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a biomass gasifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of the internal structure of the biomass gasifier according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment mode 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a continuous production apparatus based on a biomass gasifier uses wood as a raw material, and includes a slicer 1, the slicer 1 cuts round wood or waste wood put therein into wood chips meeting the requirements of the gasifier, an output end of the slicer 1 is communicated with a feed end of a buffer bin 3 through a first conveying device, an output end of the buffer bin 3 is communicated with a feed end of a dryer 6 through the first conveying device, preferably, an electric discharge valve is installed at the output end of the buffer bin 3 in this embodiment, the dryer 6 is a rotary dryer 6, a combustion furnace 5 is externally connected to the dryer 6, the combustion furnace 5 provides hot air into the rotary dryer 6 to dry the wood chips, and a discharge end of the dryer 6 is communicated with the feed end of the biomass gasifier through a second conveying device. Preferably, in this embodiment, the first conveying device and the second conveying device are belt conveyors 2; preferably, in this embodiment, the third conveying device includes a belt conveyor 2 communicated with an output end of the dryer 6, the output end of the belt conveyor 2 is communicated with a bucket elevator 10, the adoption of the bucket elevator 10 can reduce conveying difficulty, save space, and convey dried wood chips into the fixed bed downdraft biomass gasification furnace 4 in a vertical conveying manner.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to reduce air pollution during processing of the biomass gasifier burden, it is necessary to process the tail gas generated during processing of the burden, and a tail gas discharge port of the dryer 6 is communicated with a tail gas processing device; preferably, in this embodiment the tail gas processing apparatus includes cyclone 8 with the tail gas discharge port intercommunication of drying-machine 6, and cyclone 8's output intercommunication has draught fan 7, and draught fan 7 is used for inhaling the exhaust tail gas of drying-machine 6's tail gas discharge port to cyclone 8 to handle the back through cyclone 8 and discharge by draught fan 7, reduce the pollution of the tail gas that produces when processing biomass gasification stove furnace charge to the air through tail gas processing apparatus.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to control the processing equipment of the biomass gasifier burden conveniently, the processing equipment of the biomass gasifier burden further includes a control cabinet, the slicer 1, the first conveying device, the electric discharge valve of the buffer storage bin 3, the dryer 6, and the second conveying device are all in control connection with the control cabinet, and the start and stop of each equipment are controlled by the control cabinet.
As shown in fig. 2, a biomass gasification furnace 4 of a continuous production facility based on a biomass gasification furnace comprises a furnace body 414, an upper end cover is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body 414, an air inlet 41 and a charging material inlet 42 are arranged on the upper end cover, a connecting cylinder 411 is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body 414, and preferably, the lower end of the furnace body 414 is coaxially arranged with the connecting cylinder 411 in the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 2-4, a fire grate 43 is rotatably installed inside the connecting cylinder 411 near the furnace body 414, the fire grate 43 realizes the spatial separation of the furnace body 414 from the connecting cylinder 411, a carbon outlet is formed in the fire grate 43, the fire grate 43 is connected with a transmission mechanism 44 for driving the fire grate 43 to rotate, air is sucked into the furnace body 414 from the air inlet 41 and passes through the reaction layer from top to bottom, and the reaction layer is divided into: the biomass fuel gas comprises a drying layer, a pyrolysis layer, an oxidation layer and a reduction layer, wherein the reduction layer is mainly biomass wood chip carbon and is in contact with a grate 43, the reaction temperature of the drying layer is set to be below 300 ℃, the reaction temperature of the pyrolysis layer is set to be 800 ℃ plus one material, the reaction temperature of the oxidation layer is set to be 800 ℃ plus one material, wood chips react in different reaction layers in a furnace body 414 to finally form wood chip biomass carbon of the reduction layer, and the wood chips are changed into the biomass fuel gas and the wood chip biomass carbon.
As shown in fig. 2-4, a gas outlet 45 is formed in the wall of the connecting cylinder 411, the gas outlet 45 is connected with a negative pressure fan, so that a negative pressure environment is formed in the furnace body 414, biomass gas is led out and air is sucked, the lower end of the connecting cylinder 411 is connected with a carbon deposition chamber 412, preferably, in this embodiment, a tapered space is arranged inside the carbon deposition chamber 412, the large tapered end of the tapered space faces one side of the connecting cylinder 411, and the tapered space can prevent biomass carbon from being deposited in the carbon deposition chamber 412, so that the biomass carbon can be smoothly output; the lower end of the carbon deposition chamber 412 is connected with a carbon discharging mechanism 46 of the biomass carbon.
As shown in fig. 2-4, in order to realize larger contact area between wood chips and the grate 43 and smooth carbon discharge of the gasification furnace and high carbon discharge speed under the action of rotation of the grate 43, a conical surface is convexly arranged at one end of the grate 43 facing the furnace body 414, and carbon discharge holes are distributed on the conical surface; the conical surface can increase the contact area between wood chips and the grate 43, and the grate 43 rotates rapidly to realize that wood chip biomass carbon enters the carbon deposition chamber 412 from the carbon outlet.
As shown in fig. 2-4, in order to realize the rotation of the grate 43, the transmission mechanism 44 includes a large gear ring 47 installed on the periphery of the grate 43 and a small gear 49 engaged with the large gear ring 47, preferably, the grate 43 is fixedly connected with the large gear ring 47, the small gear 49 is connected with a sprocket 410 through a key shaft, in this embodiment, the sprocket 410 is driven by a motor to move, the motor realizes the rotation of the grate 43 through the transmission mechanism 44, so that wood chips can be uniformly distributed under the rotation of the grate 43, the wood chips are not easy to bridge and accumulate, the gasification reaction is uniform, the gasification efficiency is high, and the generation of wood tar and nitrogen is effectively reduced.
As shown in fig. 2-4, in order to realize the positioning of the fire grate 43 and ensure that the fire grate 43 does not move axially along the furnace body 414 during the rotation process, the upper end of the large gear ring 47 is provided with an upper limit portion 413 installed inside the furnace body 414, the lower end of the large gear ring 47 is provided with a lower limit portion 48 installed inside the connecting cylinder 411, and balls are installed between the lower limit portion 48 and the large gear ring 47, and the balls facilitate the rotation of the large gear ring 47, so that the rotation of the fire grate 43 can be realized.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in order to output the biomass carbon in the carbon deposition chamber 412 to the gasification furnace, so as to conveniently and quickly produce the biomass carbon with a considerable additional value, so as to realize co-production of carbon gas and improve the utilization efficiency of biomass energy, the carbon output mechanism 46 includes a carbon output channel 461 communicated with the carbon deposition chamber 412, a spiral output shaft 462 is installed in the carbon output channel 461 along the axial direction thereof, an output blade 463 is spirally installed on the spiral output shaft 462, the output blade 463, the spiral output shaft 462 and the carbon output channel 461 form a spiral conveying channel of the biomass carbon, and a power mechanism is installed at one end of the spiral output shaft 462, and in a preferred embodiment, the power mechanism is a motor.
As shown in fig. 2-3, in order to support and fix the gasification furnace, the outer wall of the connecting cylinder 411 is connected with a plurality of support legs arranged along the axial circumference of the furnace body 414.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
a. the method comprises the following steps that a worker puts raw materials such as waste log wood with qualified sizes into a feeding end of a slicing machine 1, a cutter disc rotating at a high speed in the slicing machine 1 drives a blade to cut the raw materials into wood chips, and the cut wood chips are thrown out of an output end of the slicing machine 1 onto a belt conveyor 2;
b. the belt conveyor 2 conveys the cut wood chips to the feeding end of the buffer bin 3, when the wood chips in the buffer bin 3 are stored to a set amount, the control cabinet controls the electric discharge valve at the bottom of the buffer bin 3 to open, and the stored wood chips are conveyed to the dryer 6 by the belt conveyor 2;
c. the worker controls the combustion furnace 5 to start working in the control cabinet, the combustion furnace 5 conveys hot air heated in the furnace into the dryer 6, the wood chips continuously roll and move towards the discharge end of the dryer 6 along with the slow rotation of the dryer 6 under the action of a guide vane in the dryer 6, and the wood chips are dried to the specified requirement under the action of hot air drying;
d. the dryer 6 discharges dust-containing tail gas generated by drying wood chips, the dust-containing tail gas enters the cyclone dust collector 8 under the action of the induced draft fan 7, particle dust is collected at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 8 under the centrifugal force action of the cyclone dust collector 8, the tail gas after dust removal is discharged through the induced draft fan 7, a worker controls a discharge valve of the dryer 6 to be opened in a control cabinet, and the dried wood chips are discharged from the discharge end of the dryer 6 and fall into the belt conveyor 2;
e. the belt conveyor 2 conveys the dried wood chips to the bucket elevator 10, and the worker controls the bucket elevator 10 to convey the dried wood chips to the fixed bed downdraft biomass gasification furnace 4 for gasification in the control cabinet.
f. Wood chips are placed into a furnace body 414 from a charging material inlet 42, the furnace body 414 is in a negative pressure environment, air is sucked into the furnace body 414 from an air inlet 41, the wood chips are subjected to different temperature reactions in the furnace body 414 and respectively undergo four reaction stages of a drying layer, a pyrolysis layer, an oxidation layer and a reduction layer, in the wood chip reaction process, a motor can drive a pinion 49 to rotate through a chain wheel 410, the pinion 49 rotates to drive a large gear ring 7 to rotate, so that the rotary motion of a grate 43 is realized, the wood chips are uniformly distributed in the furnace body 414 under the rotation action of the grate 43, the wood chips are not easy to bridge and accumulate, the gasification reaction is uniform, the wood chips can form biomass gas and biomass wood chip carbon after the reaction in the furnace body 414, and the biomass gas can be sucked out from a gas outlet; because the grate 43 is designed to be conical, the conical surface can increase the contact area between wood chips and the grate 43, biomass wood chip carbon can enter the carbon deposition chamber 412 from a carbon outlet hole on the grate 43 by virtue of the quick rotation of the grate 43, a conical space is arranged inside the carbon deposition chamber 412, the conical space can prevent the biomass carbon from being accumulated and remained in the carbon deposition chamber 412, so that the biomass carbon can smoothly enter the carbon outlet passage 461, the biomass carbon is output through a spiral conveying passage, the biomass carbon is conveniently and quickly collected, and the carbon-gas co-production is completed.
The invention relates to continuous production equipment based on a biomass gasifier, which adopts a physical mode for treatment, does not generate waste water and waste residues in the whole process, meets the emission requirement, is suitable for processing biomass raw materials of a downdraft biomass gasifier 4 of a fixed bed, has simple process, easy operation and low equipment cost, changes the traditional biomass direct combustion technology, processes the biomass raw materials into furnace charges meeting the requirement of the downdraft biomass gasifier 4 of the fixed bed, improves the utilization efficiency of biomass energy, protects national energy resources and reduces the pollution of energy consumption to the environment.
Embodiment mode 2:
in order to realize that the generated biomass gas is connected with different using equipment, the biomass gas can be directly connected with the air inlet burner of the boiler equipment when the boiler equipment is connected, and when the biomass gas is required to be used for generating power by a generator set, the biomass gas generated by the biomass gasification furnace 4 needs to be purified.
The difference from embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, a physical tar remover is connected to the fuel gas outlet of the biomass gasification furnace 4; as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the physical tar remover 9 includes an outer cylinder 93, and preferably, in this embodiment, the outer cylinder 93 includes a middle cylinder and an upper cylinder cover and a lower cylinder cover connected to the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder respectively; an inner cylinder 95 is arranged inside the outer cylinder 93, the upper end and the lower end of the inner cylinder 95 are respectively connected with the inside of the outer cylinder 93 to divide the inside of the outer cylinder 93 into an inner cavity and an outer cavity, the upper end of the outer cylinder 93 is connected with an air inlet 91 communicated with the inner cavity, a filter 98 is arranged in the inner cavity, a buffer space is reserved between the filter layer 98 and the top of the inner cavity, biomass gasified fuel gas entering from the air inlet 91 can be buffered conveniently and fully filtered through the filter layer 98, a space is reserved between the filter layer 98 and the bottom of the inner cavity, and the filtered biomass gasified fuel gas can; the upper side of the outer cylinder 93 is provided with a storage port 92 which is communicated with the inner cavity and is used for placing and taking out the filter layer, in the embodiment, the storage port 92 is arranged on the upper cylinder cover, and preferably, a plurality of storage ports 92 are arranged; an air outlet 94 communicated with the outer cavity is arranged on the side wall of the outer cylinder 93; the inner chamber and the outer chamber are communicated through a ventilation channel 96 below the filter layer 98 and positioned on the lower side of the inner cylinder 95, the equipment is provided with the inner chamber and the outer chamber, the inner chamber is used for filtering biomass gasification gas, the outer chamber is mainly used for buffering the filtered biomass gasification gas and then discharging the buffered biomass gasification gas, and the air inlet 91 and the air outlet 94 are separately arranged, so that the biomass gasification gas can fully remove tar through the filter layer 98, and the tar removal effect is improved.
As shown in fig. 6-7, for impurity such as tar moisture, dust in the better absorption biomass gasification gas, ensure to get into in generating set's the gas tar content meet the demands, the biomass gasification gas that produces need pass filter layer 98 and carry out physics and remove tar, filter layer 98 includes and piles up nanometer material package, kaolin material package, the active carbon material package of placing in proper order from top to bottom at the inner chamber, and each material package shape and inner tube 95 adaptation, filter layer 98 are provided with the multilayer, and filter layer 98 is provided with 2 layers in this embodiment. The technology combining processing materials such as activated carbon, kaolin, nano materials and the like is adopted, and the impurities such as tar, moisture, dust and the like in the biomass gas after the biomass gas is subjected to spray washing are further removed in a physical mode, so that the tar content in the gas meets the requirement of entering a generator set, the overhaul time interval of the generator set is prolonged, the service life of the generator set is prolonged, and the utilization value of the biomass gas is improved.
As shown in fig. 6-7, in order to discharge the filtered biomass gasification gas through the gas outlet 94, the inner chamber is communicated with the outer chamber through a ventilation channel 96 located below the filter layer 98 and on the lower side of the inner cylinder 95, the ventilation channel 96 comprises a porous partition plate 96b connected to the inner wall of the inner cylinder 95, the filter layer 98 is mounted on the porous partition plate 96b, preferably, in this embodiment, the porous partition plate 96b is arranged in a ring shape, the circumference of the lower side of the inner cylinder 95 wall is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 96a, and the biomass gasification gas passes through the filter layer 98 and is released into the outer chamber through the ventilation holes 96a via the porous partition plate 96 b.
As shown in fig. 6 to 7, in order to make the biomass gasified fuel gas entering the outer cavity properly buffered and ensure that the pressure of the gasified fuel gas in the outer cavity is kept stable, the gas outlet 94 is arranged on the upper side of the cylindrical portion, after the biomass gasified fuel gas enters the outer cavity through the ventilation channel 96, the biomass gasified fuel gas can be properly buffered from bottom to top, which is beneficial to keeping the pressure of the gasified fuel gas stable, and finally the biomass gasified fuel gas is discharged from the gas outlet 94 on the upper side of the cylindrical portion.
As shown in fig. 6 to 7, in order to inspect and maintain the biomass gasification gas physical tar removal device, especially the filter layer 98, the lower cylinder cover is provided with an access opening 97, and the filter layer 98 can be inspected and maintained through the access opening 97.
According to the invention, the physical tar remover is connected to the fuel gas outlet of the biomass gasification furnace, so that the removal of impurities such as tar, moisture, dust and the like in the biomass fuel gas is completed, the biomass fuel gas generated by the biomass gasification furnace is purified, the tar content in the fuel gas meets the requirements of related equipment such as a generator set, the overhaul time interval of the related equipment such as the generator set is prolonged, and the service life of the related equipment such as the generator set is prolonged.
The present embodiment is not intended to limit the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention.
If the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein to define parts, those skilled in the art will recognize that: the use of "first" and "second" is merely for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and unless otherwise stated the above words are not intended to have a special meaning.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention.
If the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein to define parts, those skilled in the art will recognize that: the use of "first" and "second" is merely for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and unless otherwise stated the above words are not intended to have a special meaning.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: it is to be understood that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof, but such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace is characterized by comprising a slicing machine, a buffer storage bin, a dryer, a combustion furnace and the biomass gasification furnace, wherein the output end of the slicing machine is communicated with the feed end of the buffer storage bin through a first conveying device, the output end of the buffer storage bin is communicated with the feed end of the dryer through a second conveying device, the dryer is externally connected with the combustion furnace, and the discharge end of the dryer is communicated with the feed end of the biomass gasification furnace through a third conveying device.
2. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein the first conveying device and the second conveying device are both belt conveyors.
3. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace as claimed in claim 2, wherein the third conveying device comprises a belt conveyor communicated with the output end of the dryer, and the output end of the belt conveyor is communicated with a bucket elevator.
4. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace as claimed in claim 3, wherein the tail gas discharge port of the dryer is communicated with a tail gas treatment device.
5. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace as claimed in claim 4, wherein the tail gas treatment device comprises a cyclone dust collector communicated with a tail gas discharge port of the dryer, and an output end of the cyclone dust collector is communicated with an induced draft fan.
6. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace according to claim 5, wherein the output end of the buffer bin is provided with an electric discharge valve.
7. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace, as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, is characterized in that the biomass gasification furnace comprises a furnace body, an air inlet and a furnace charge inlet are arranged on the furnace body, a connecting cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body, a grate is rotatably arranged in the connecting cylinder close to the furnace body end, the grate separates the space of the furnace body from the space of the connecting cylinder, a carbon outlet is arranged on the grate, and the grate is connected with a transmission mechanism for driving the grate to rotate; the wall of the connecting cylinder is provided with a gas outlet which is connected with a negative pressure fan, the lower end of the connecting cylinder is connected with a carbon deposition chamber, and the lower end of the carbon deposition chamber is connected with a carbon discharging mechanism.
8. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace according to claim 7, wherein the carbon discharging mechanism comprises a carbon discharging channel, a spiral output shaft is arranged in the carbon discharging channel along the axial direction of the carbon discharging channel, an output blade is spirally arranged on the spiral output shaft, and a power mechanism is arranged at one end of the spiral output shaft.
9. The continuous production equipment based on the biomass gasification furnace according to claim 8, further comprising a control cabinet, wherein the slicer, the first conveying device, the electric discharge valve of the buffer bin, the dryer and the second conveying device are all in control connection with the control cabinet.
10. A continuous production method based on a biomass gasification furnace based on the apparatus according to claim 9,
a. throwing raw materials such as log waste wood with qualified sizes into a feeding end of a slicing machine, driving a blade to cut the raw materials into wood chips by a cutter head rotating at a high speed in the slicing machine, and throwing the cut wood chips out of an output end of the slicing machine onto a belt conveyor;
b. the belt conveyor conveys the cut wood chips to the feeding end of the buffer bin, when the wood chips in the buffer bin are stored to a set amount, the control cabinet controls the electric discharge valve at the bottom of the buffer bin to open, and the stored wood chips are conveyed to the dryer by the belt conveyor;
c. the combustion furnace is controlled by the control cabinet to start working, the combustion furnace conveys hot air heated in the furnace into the dryer, the wood chips continuously roll and move towards the discharge end of the dryer along with the slow rotation of the dryer under the action of a guide vane in the dryer, and the wood chips are dried to the specified requirement under the action of hot air drying;
d. the dryer discharges dust-containing tail gas generated by drying wood chips, the dust-containing tail gas enters the cyclone dust collector under the action of the induced draft fan, particle dust is collected at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector under the action of the centrifugal force of the cyclone dust collector, the tail gas after dust removal is discharged through the induced draft fan, a worker controls the opening of a discharge valve of the dryer at a control cabinet, and the dried wood chips are discharged from the discharge end of the dryer and fall into a belt conveyor;
e. the belt conveyor conveys the dried wood chips to a bucket elevator, and the control cabinet controls the bucket elevator to convey the dried wood chips to a fixed bed downdraft biomass gasification furnace for gasification;
f. the wood chips enter the furnace body from the charging opening, air is sucked into the furnace body from the air inlet, the wood chips respectively pass through four different temperature reaction stages of a drying layer, a pyrolysis layer, an oxidation layer and a reduction layer in the furnace body, in the wood chip reaction process, the fire grate rotates, the wood chips can form biomass gas and biomass carbon after reacting in the furnace body, the biomass gas can be sucked out from a gas outlet, and the biomass carbon enters the carbon deposition chamber through the carbon outlet and is output by the carbon outlet mechanism.
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