CN110842043A - Longitudinal-torsion composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic auxiliary extrusion method and a device, comprising an energy converter, an amplitude transformer, an extrusion shaft and an extrusion die, wherein the energy converter and the amplitude transformer are fixedly connected together; the amplitude transformer is fixed in the hollow extrusion shaft, one end of the extrusion container is provided with the extrusion die, and the extrusion gasket can extend into the other end of the extrusion container; the extrusion shaft extrudes the heated blank into the extrusion barrel, then the product is extruded through the extrusion die, the ultrasonic generator is connected with the transducer to generate longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, ultrasonic assistance is realized, and the plasticity of metal is increased.

Description

Longitudinal-torsion composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion method and device

Technical field:

The invention relates to an extrusion device, in particular to a longitudinal-torsion composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion method and device.

Background technique:

With the rapid development of science and technology, metal extrusion plays an increasingly important role in society, but in the conventional extrusion process, due to the uneven fluidity of the metal during extrusion, the extruded products exist on the surface and center. , The tissue properties of the head and tail are not uniform. The working conditions of the extrusion die are poor, the consumption of the die is large, the ingredients are in a closed state during extrusion, and the three-way pressure is high, so the die produces a high pressure effect. At the same time, the tool die is usually subjected to high temperature and high friction during hot extrusion, which greatly affects the strength and service life of the die. The metal deformation on the surface of the workpiece is not ideal, and in many cases the expected effect cannot be achieved.

Invention content:

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion with reasonable design, increased metal plasticity, reduced friction between blanks and molds, improved product quality and extended mold service life. Pressing method and device.

The technical scheme of the present invention is:

A longitudinal-torsion composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion method, comprising the following steps:

a. The transducer and the horn are fixedly connected together. The small end of the horn is evenly spaced with strip-shaped helical grooves along the circumference, and the small end of the horn passes through the stud bolt and the squeeze pad. slice connection;

b. Set a hollow extrusion shaft, fix the horn in the inner cavity of the extrusion shaft, set up an extrusion cylinder, set an extrusion die at one end of the extrusion cylinder, and the extrusion gasket can extend into the extrusion cylinder the other end of the barrel;

c. The extrusion shaft extrudes the heated billet into the extrusion cylinder, and then extrudes the product through the extrusion die. The ultrasonic generator is connected with the transducer to generate longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, and the vibration of the horn is transmitted to the double The head stud and the stud bolt are transmitted to the extrusion gasket to achieve the effect of ultrasonic assistance, increase the plasticity of the metal, reduce the deformation resistance, the metal has good fluidity, the workpiece is uniformly stressed, and the friction between the blank and the die wall is reduced. The friction increases the service life of the mold, and at the same time obtains better surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the molded part.

The extrusion die includes a die base, a rear ring, a front ring, a die sleeve, a die pad, an upper die, a lower die, a positioning pin and a connecting bolt. There is a welding chamber and a die hole cavity; the extrusion gasket extrudes the billet, and the billet flows into the welding room of the lower die through the shunt hole of the upper die, and the welding room collects the metal flowing out of the shunt hole and re-assembles it. Welding, due to the continuous accumulation of metal, the extrusion force continues to increase until the die hole is extruded, so as to achieve ultrasonic-assisted extrusion.

The extrusion cylinder is composed of an inner lining and an outer casing, which are connected by interference fit and assembled together by hot-fitting; the extrusion cylinder and the extrusion die are connected by a plane fit, and the die core is fixed at the center of the upper die by bolts. At the same time, there are threads on the circumferential surface.

The extrusion shaft is a stepped hollow shaft, and the large end of the horn is provided with a connecting flange, which is fixed on the stepped end face of the extrusion shaft through a pin, and the small end of the horn is at the end of the extrusion shaft. on a vertical plane.

There are round holes on the cylindrical surface of the extrusion gasket, which is conducive to the rotation of the extrusion gasket and is convenient for loading and unloading; the transducer includes piezoelectric ceramics and electrode sheets, and the piezoelectric ceramics and electrode sheets are arranged alternately, and are fixed on the on the horn.

A longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic auxiliary extrusion device includes a transducer, a horn, an extrusion shaft and an extrusion die, the transducer and the horn are fixedly connected together, and the small end of the horn is Strip-shaped helical grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the small end of the horn is connected with the extrusion gasket through a stud bolt; the horn is fixed in a hollow extrusion shaft, One end of the extrusion cylinder is provided with the extrusion die, and the extrusion gasket can extend into the other end of the extrusion cylinder; the extrusion shaft extrudes the heated blank into the extrusion cylinder Then, the product is extruded through the extrusion die, and the ultrasonic generator is connected with the transducer to generate longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, realize ultrasonic assistance, and increase the plasticity of the metal.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention introduces ultrasonic waves into conventional extrusion, and utilizes ultrasonic standing wave characteristics to increase metal plasticity, decrease deformation resistance, reduce friction coefficient between blank and die wall, and increase lubricating effect, so that equipment potential can be fully utilized. Improve part quality and mold life, simplify surface preparation, improve labor conditions, and reduce costs.

2. Compared with the conventional extrusion, the ultrasonic vibration extrusion process is stable, the force is small, the workpiece is uniformly stressed, the metal fluidity is good, the surface quality is greatly improved, and a relatively good surface of the molded part is obtained. quality and high dimensional accuracy.

3. The outer sleeve of the extrusion cylinder and the inner lining of the present invention are connected by interference fit. When the extrusion cylinder is worn, it is beneficial to replace the inner lining. In addition, the extrusion cylinder and the extrusion die are connected by a plane fit, so that the end face of the die and the inner lining is connected. The unit pressure is relatively small, and it is not easy to deform.

4. The cylindrical surface of the extrusion gasket of the present invention is provided with a circular hole, which is beneficial to the rotation of the extrusion gasket, facilitates the loading and unloading of the extrusion gasket, and improves the use efficiency.

5. The present invention has reasonable design, increases metal plasticity, reduces friction between blank and mold, improves product quality and prolongs the service life of mold, and has good economic benefits.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the overall three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an exploded view of the extrusion cylinder of the present invention;

3 is an exploded view of the extrusion shaft of the present invention;

4 is an exploded view of the extrusion die of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the extrusion shaft structure diagram of the present invention;

6 is an exploded view of the upper die and lower die of the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of the connection gasket of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the front view of the upper die of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the top view of the upper die of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the lower mold of the present invention.

Detailed ways:

Example: see Figure 1--Figure 10, in the figure, 1-extrusion shaft, 2-transducer, 3-amplifier, 4-pin, 5-stud stud, 6-extrusion washer, 7-Inner lining, 8-Outer lining, 9-Rear ring, 10-Front ring, 11-Die pad, 12-Connecting bolt, 13-Locating pin, 14-Split hole, 15-Mold core, 16-Welding chamber , 17-die sleeve, 18-die frame, 19-bolt, 20-spiral groove, 21-upper die, 22-lower die, 23-extrusion cylinder, 24-extrusion die.

The present invention includes an extrusion shaft 1 , a transducer 2 , a horn 3 , an extrusion gasket 6 , an extrusion cylinder 23 , an extrusion die 24 , a pin 4 , a connecting bolt 12 , and a stud 5 . The transducer is connected to the upper end of the horn by bolts, and there is a spiral groove on the horn. The ultrasonic generator and the transducer are connected to form an ultrasonic system. The ultrasonic device is installed inside the extrusion shaft. The flange on the upper end of the rod is fixed to the extrusion shaft, thus completing the fixation of the ultrasonic auxiliary system. There are round holes on the cylindrical surface of the extrusion gasket, which is conducive to the rotation of the extrusion gasket, facilitates the loading and unloading of the extrusion gasket, and improves the use efficiency. There are threaded holes in the axial direction, and the small end of the horn also has threaded holes. The extrusion gasket and the horn are connected together by double-ended studs, which is beneficial to replace the extrusion gasket and improve the surface quality of the workpiece. The extrusion cylinder 23 is composed of an inner lining 7 and an outer lining 8. The extrusion outer lining and the inner lining are connected by interference fit. When the extrusion cylinder is worn, it is beneficial to replace the extrusion inner lining. The extrusion cylinder and the extrusion die are connected by a plane fit, so that the unit pressure on the end face of the die and the inner lining is relatively small, and it is not easy to deform.

First, the ultrasonic auxiliary mechanism is completed with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The transducer 2 is connected to the upper end of the horn by bolts, and the horn 3 is provided with a spiral groove, which can realize longitudinal-torsional compound vibration, which is beneficial to reduce the extrusion gasket. friction. The ultrasonic device is installed in the extruding shaft, and the flange at the upper end of the horn is fixed to the extruding shaft through four pins. The horn 3 is connected with the squeeze washer 6 through the double-ended stud 5 . The vibration of the horn is transmitted to the double-ended stud, and the screw is transmitted to the extrusion gasket to achieve the effect of ultrasonic assistance. , flows into the welding chamber on the surface of the lower die 22, and the welding chamber 16 gathers the metal flowing out of the shunt hole 14 together for re-welding. Ultrasonic-assisted extrusion is realized.

The extrusion die includes a die base 18, a rear ring 9, a front ring 10, a die sleeve 17, a die pad 11, an upper die 21, a lower die 22, a positioning pin 13 and a connecting bolt 12. The positioning pin 13 is used for the upper and lower molds. and the connecting bolts 12 are used to firmly connect the upper and lower molds together, so that the plane splitting combined molds form a whole, which is easy to operate and can increase the strength. After the upper mold 21 and the lower mold 22 are fixed, they are connected to the mold pad 11, and then installed into the mold sleeve 17. Finally, the mold sleeve 17, the rear ring 9, and the front ring 10 are installed into the mold base 18.

The upper mold is provided with a shunt hole 14, a shunt bridge and a mold core 15, and the lower mold has a welding chamber 16 and a mold hole cavity. The welding chamber collects the metals flowing out of the shunt holes and re-welds them together to form an integral blank with the core as the center. Due to the continuous accumulation of metals, the static pressure continues to increase until the die hole is extruded.

The positioning pin is used to locate the upper and lower dies, and the connecting bolts are used to firmly connect the upper and lower dies together, so that the plane splitting combined die forms a whole, which is easy to operate and can increase the strength.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A longitudinal-torsion composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion method, comprising the following steps: a. The transducer and the horn are fixedly connected together. The small end of the horn is evenly spaced with strip-shaped helical grooves along the circumference, and the small end of the horn passes through the stud bolt and the squeeze pad. slice connection; b. Set a hollow extrusion shaft, fix the horn in the inner cavity of the extrusion shaft, set up an extrusion cylinder, set an extrusion die at one end of the extrusion cylinder, and the extrusion gasket can extend into the extrusion cylinder the other end of the barrel; c. The extrusion shaft extrudes the heated billet into the extrusion cylinder, and then extrudes the product through the extrusion die. The ultrasonic generator is connected with the transducer to generate longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, and the vibration of the horn is transmitted to the double The head stud and the stud bolt are transmitted to the extrusion gasket to achieve the effect of ultrasonic assistance, increase the plasticity of the metal, reduce the deformation resistance, the metal has good fluidity, the workpiece is uniformly stressed, and the friction between the blank and the die wall is reduced. The friction increases the service life of the mold, and at the same time obtains better surface quality and dimensional accuracy of the molded part. 2. The longitudinal-torsion composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion method according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion die comprises a die frame, a rear ring, a front ring, a die sleeve, a die pad, an upper die, a lower die, a positioning pin and a connection Bolts are provided with shunt holes, shunt bridges and die cores on the upper die, and welding chambers and die cavity cavities on the lower die; extruded gaskets squeeze the blanks, and the blanks pass through the shunt holes of the upper die and flow into the In the welding chamber of the lower die, the welding chamber collects the metals flowing out of the shunt holes and re-welds them together. Due to the continuous accumulation of metals, the extrusion force continues to increase until the die holes are extruded, thereby realizing ultrasonic-assisted extrusion. 3. The longitudinal-torsion composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the extrusion cylinder is composed of an inner lining and an outer casing, the two are connected by interference fit, and are formed by combining them by hot charging; It is connected with the extrusion die by plane fit, the die core is fixed at the center of the upper die by bolts, and the circumferential surface is threaded. 4. The longitudinal-torsion composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion method according to claim 1, wherein the extrusion shaft is a stepped hollow shaft, and the large end of the horn is provided with a connecting flange, which is fixed on the On the stepped end face of the extrusion shaft, the small end of the horn and the end of the extrusion shaft are on a vertical plane. 5. The longitudinal-torsion composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion method according to claim 1, characterized in that: a circular hole is opened on the cylindrical surface of the extrusion gasket, which is conducive to rotating the extrusion gasket and facilitates loading and unloading; the transducer includes a pressure Electric ceramics and electrode sheets, and piezoelectric ceramics and electrode sheets are arranged alternately, and are fixed on the horn by connecting bolts. 6. A longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic auxiliary extrusion device, comprising a transducer, a horn, an extrusion shaft and an extrusion die, characterized in that: the transducer and the horn are fixedly connected together, and the The small end of the horn is evenly spaced with strip-shaped helical grooves along the circumference, and the small end of the horn is connected with the extrusion gasket through stud bolts; the horn is fixed in a hollow In the extrusion shaft, one end of the extrusion cylinder is provided with the extrusion die, and the extrusion gasket can extend into the other end of the extrusion cylinder; the extrusion shaft extrudes the heated blank into the extrusion cylinder, and then extrude the product through the extrusion die, and the ultrasonic generator is connected with the transducer to generate longitudinal-torsional composite vibration, realize ultrasonic assistance, and increase the plasticity of the metal. 7. The longitudinal-torsion composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion device according to claim 6, wherein the extrusion die comprises an upper die, a lower die, a positioning pin and a connecting bolt, and the upper die is provided with a shunt hole and a shunt. Bridge and die core, the lower die is provided with a welding chamber and a die hole cavity; the extrusion gasket extrudes the blank, and the blank flows through the shunt hole of the upper die and flows into all parts of the lower die. The welding chamber collects the metals flowing out of the shunt holes and re-welds them together. Due to the continuous accumulation of metals, the extrusion force continues to increase until the die holes are extruded, thereby forming a product. 8 . The longitudinal-torsion composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion method according to claim 7 , wherein the extrusion cylinder is composed of an inner lining and an outer jacket, and the two are connected by interference fit, and are formed by combining them together by hot charging; 9 . The extrusion cylinder and the extrusion die are connected in a plane fit manner, the die core is fixed at the center of the upper die by bolts, and threads are formed on the circumferential surface. 9 . The longitudinal-torsion composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion device according to claim 6 , wherein the extrusion shaft is a stepped hollow shaft, and the large end of the horn is provided with a connecting flange, the connecting flange 9 . The pin is fixed on the stepped end face of the extruding shaft, and the small end of the horn and the end of the extruding shaft are on a vertical plane. 10. The longitudinal-torsion composite ultrasonic-assisted extrusion device according to claim 6, characterized in that: the cylindrical surface of the extrusion gasket is provided with a circular hole, which is conducive to rotating the extrusion gasket and facilitates loading and unloading; The device includes piezoelectric ceramics and electrode sheets, and the piezoelectric ceramics and electrode sheets are alternately arranged and fixed on the horn by connecting bolts.

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