CN110835240A - Fly ash ceramsite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fly ash ceramsite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110835240A CN110835240A CN201810943052.0A CN201810943052A CN110835240A CN 110835240 A CN110835240 A CN 110835240A CN 201810943052 A CN201810943052 A CN 201810943052A CN 110835240 A CN110835240 A CN 110835240A
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- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fly ash ceramsite and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fly ash ceramsite has a cavity structure, uniform air holes are distributed in the region outside the cavity, and the inner wall of the cavity is obtained by high-temperature decomposition of low-melting-point solid waste containing crystal water, structural water or hydroxyl. Firstly, nucleating by using raw materials of a nucleating agent to obtain a spherical nucleating agent, then mixing fly ash and other auxiliary materials according to the formula amount, coating the nucleating agent by using a mixture, and granulating to obtain pellets; and drying the pellets, roasting, and cooling to obtain the fly ash ceramsite. The prepared ceramsite has the bulk density of 400-600kg/m3The fly ash ceramsite has the water absorption of 0.5-2.5% and the cylinder pressure strength of 3-6MPa, has the characteristics of small stacking density, light weight, low water absorption and the like under the condition of ensuring the strength of the ceramsite, meets the requirements of the market on the light high-strength fly ash ceramsite, and has good application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solid waste resource utilization, in particular to fly ash ceramsite and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ceramsite has excellent properties such as low density, high cylinder pressure strength, high porosity, high softening coefficient, good frost resistance, excellent alkali-resistant aggregate reaction performance and the like, and can be widely applied to the departments of building materials, gardening, food and beverage, fire-resistant heat-insulating materials, chemical industry, petroleum and the like. The fly ash ceramsite is an artificial lightweight aggregate prepared by mixing fly ash as a main raw material with a small amount of auxiliary raw materials (binder, fluxing agent, combustion improver and the like), pre-wetting and stirring, balling, preheating, baking and sintering. The composite material has the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance, frost resistance, earthquake resistance, good insulativity and the like, can be widely applied to concrete members, refractory casting members and building heat-insulating materials, and can also be used in the fields of garden flowers, sewage treatment and the like. Although the technology for preparing the ceramsite gradually matures and the application field is continuously expanded, the problems in industrial production still exist, such as high water absorption of the ceramsite product, high bulk density, low green pellet strength and the like.
CN107417150A discloses a light-weight high-strength high-doping-amount fly ash ceramsite and a preparation method thereof, the method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing fly ash, a plasticizer, a foaming agent, a fluxing agent and an enhancing agent in proportion, granulating, drying and calcining to obtain the light-weight high-strength fly ash ceramsite, and the method has the defects that the prepared ceramsite has high bulk density and cannot meet the requirements of low-density ceramsite on the market. CN106396634A discloses a preparation method of light high-strength fly ash ceramsite, which is characterized in that the prepared ceramsite has high water absorption rate and does not meet the standard of GB17431.1-2010 light aggregate and a test method thereof, and the light high-strength fly ash ceramsite is obtained by controlling the reasonable collocation of a pore-forming agent, a fluxing agent, a binding agent and a reinforcing agent and performing ball milling, granulation and calcination. CN203613113U discloses a high-strength light-weight fly ash ceramsite, in which holes with the same size are uniformly distributed, the distance between every two adjacent holes is equal, the diameter of each hole is 0.5mm, but the method does not disclose the properties of the ceramsite, such as cylinder pressure strength, stacking density and the like, and has little reference value for practical application.
In the prior art, although the mass of the fly ash ceramsite is reduced by optimizing the materials, so that the fly ash ceramsite has the characteristic of light weight, the cylinder pressure strength is low, the water absorption is high, and the application of the ceramsite is limited. Therefore, there is a need to develop a fly ash ceramsite with light weight, high strength, low water absorption and excellent comprehensive properties.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide the fly ash ceramsite and the preparation method thereof, which solve the problems of large bulk density, high water absorption and the like of the conventional fly ash ceramsite and obtain the fly ash ceramsite with light weight, high strength, low water absorption and excellent comprehensive performance.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a fly ash ceramsite, which has a cavity structure, wherein uniform air holes are distributed in the region outside the cavity, and the inner wall of the cavity is obtained by high-temperature decomposition of low-melting-point solid waste containing crystal water, structural water or hydroxyl.
The fly ash ceramsite prepared by the method has a cavity structure inside, so that the ceramsite has the characteristic of light weight, and the stacking density of the ceramsite is reduced; the inner wall of the cavity is formed by decomposing low-melting-point solid waste containing crystal water, structural water or hydroxyl at high temperature, the hydrophobicity of the inner wall is strong, moisture can be effectively prevented from entering the cavity, and the water absorption of the ceramsite is reduced; in addition, through the selection of raw materials and processes, the fly ash ceramsite has higher strength. The fly ash ceramsite prepared by the method has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, low water absorption and excellent comprehensive performance.
In the fly ash ceramsite prepared by the method, the areas outside the cavity are distributed with uniform air holes, so that the quality and the stacking density of the ceramsite are further reduced, and the diameter of the air holes is less than 1 mm.
According to the invention, the fly ash ceramsite has a cavity.
According to the invention, the surface of the fly ash ceramsite is wrapped by the glaze layer.
According to the invention, the low-melting-point solid waste is at least one of coal slime containing humic acid, sodium-silicon slag or red mud.
According to the invention, the cavities in the fly ash ceramsite are spherical, the diameter of the spherical cavities is 1-5mm, for example, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm or 5mm, and the specific values therebetween are not exhaustive for reasons of space and simplicity.
According to the invention, the fly ash ceramsite comprises the following components in parts by mass:
according to the invention, the fly ash ceramsite contains 70-90 parts of fly ash, for example, 70 parts, 73 parts, 75 parts, 78 parts, 80 parts, 83 parts, 85 parts, 88 parts or 90 parts by mass, and specific values between the above values are limited by space and for the sake of brevity, and the invention is not exhaustive.
According to the invention, the fly ash ceramsite contains 5-10 parts of nucleating agent by mass, for example 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts or 10 parts, and the specific values between the above values are limited by space and for the sake of brevity, and the invention is not exhaustive.
According to the invention, the fly ash ceramsite contains 5-20 parts of auxiliary materials 1 by mass, for example, 5 parts, 8 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 15 parts, 18 parts or 20 parts, and the specific values between the above values are limited by space and for the sake of brevity, and the invention is not exhaustive.
According to the invention, the fly ash ceramsite contains 0-10 parts of auxiliary material 2 by mass, for example, 0 part, 1 part, 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts or 10 parts, and the specific values between the above values are limited by space and for the sake of brevity and are not exhaustive.
According to the invention, the fly ash ceramsite contains 0.1-1.0 part of auxiliary material 3, for example, 0.1 part, 0.2 part, 0.3 part, 0.4 part, 0.5 part, 0.6 part, 0.7 part, 0.8 part, 0.9 part or 1.0 part by weight, and the specific values between the above values are limited to space and for the sake of brevity and are not exhaustive.
According to the invention, the nucleating agent is at least one of coal slime containing humic acid, sodium-silicon slag or red mud, for example, any one of the coal slime containing humic acid, sodium-silicon slag or red mud, and the typical but non-limiting combination is as follows: the coal slime and sodium-silicon slag containing humic acid, the sodium-silicon slag and the red mud, the coal slime and the red mud containing humic acid and the like are limited in space and in the interest of conciseness, and the invention is not exhaustive.
According to the invention, the auxiliary material 1 is feldspar, preferably any one or at least one of albite, potassium feldspar or anorthite, for example, any one of albite, potassium feldspar or anorthite, and the typical but non-limiting combination is as follows: albite and potassium feldspar, albite and anorthite, potassium feldspar and anorthite, albite, potassium feldspar and anorthite.
According to the invention, the adjuvant 2 is clay.
According to the invention, the auxiliary material 3 is silicon carbide.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the fly ash ceramsite according to the first aspect, comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out nucleation by using a raw material of a nucleating agent to obtain a spherical nucleating agent;
(2) mixing the fly ash and the auxiliary materials according to the formula amount, coating the nucleating agent obtained in the step (1) by using the mixture, and then granulating to obtain material balls;
(3) and (3) drying the pellets obtained in the step (2), roasting, and cooling to obtain the fly ash ceramsite.
According to the present invention, the diameter of the spherical nucleating agent in the step (1) is 1-5mm, for example, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm or 5mm, and the specific values therebetween are not exhaustive for the sake of brevity.
According to the present invention, the temperature of the drying in step (3) is 60-120 ℃, for example, 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 90 ℃, 100 ℃, 110 ℃ or 120 ℃, and the specific values therebetween are limited for brevity and conciseness, and the present invention is not exhaustive.
According to the present invention, the temperature of the calcination in step (3) is 1100-.
According to the invention, the roasting time in step (3) is 10-30min, for example 10min, 13min, 15min, 18min, 20min, 23min, 25min, 28min or 30min, and the specific values between the above values are limited by space and for the sake of brevity, and the invention is not exhaustive.
According to the invention, after the roasting in the step (3) is finished, the mixture is cooled to below 500 ℃ along with the furnace, and is naturally cooled to room temperature after being taken out.
As a preferred technical scheme, the preparation method of the fly ash ceramsite comprises the following steps:
(1) adding the raw materials of the nucleating agent into a granulator for granulation to obtain a spherical nucleating agent with the diameter of 1-5 mm;
(2) mixing the fly ash and the auxiliary materials according to the formula amount, coating the nucleating agent obtained in the step (1) by using the mixture, and then adding the mixture into a granulator for granulation to obtain material balls;
(3) and (3) drying the pellets obtained in the step (2) at 60-120 ℃, then placing the pellets in a sintering furnace, heating to 1100-1250 ℃, roasting for 10-30min, cooling to below 500 ℃ along with the furnace after roasting is finished, taking out and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the fly ash ceramsite.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) the prepared ceramsite has the bulk density of 400-600kg/m3The water absorption rate is 0.5-2.5%, the cylinder pressure strength is 3-6MPa, and the obtained fly ash ceramsite has the characteristics of small stacking density, light weight, low water absorption rate and the like under the condition of ensuring the strength of the ceramsite, meets the market requirements on the light high-strength fly ash ceramsite, and has good application prospects.
(2) In the process of preparing the ceramsite, the ceramsite is nucleated and then granulated, and a uniform circular cavity is formed in the obtained fly ash ceramsite, so that the uniformity of the fly ash ceramsite is improved, the production rate is increased, and the method is suitable for industrial application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fly ash ceramsite obtained in example 1 of the present invention.
The present invention is described in further detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the claims, which are defined by the claims.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
To better illustrate the invention and to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions thereof, typical but non-limiting examples of the invention are as follows:
example 1
(1) Adding coal slime containing humic acid into a granulator for granulation to obtain a spherical nucleating agent with the diameter of 3 mm;
(2) mixing 75 parts of fly ash, 14.7 parts of albite, 5 parts of clay and 0.3 part of silicon carbide, coating one nucleating agent (7 parts by mass) obtained in the step (1) by using the mixture, and then adding the mixture into a granulator for granulation to obtain material balls with the diameter of less than 20 mm;
(3) and (3) drying the pellets obtained in the step (2) at 80 ℃, then placing the pellets in a sintering furnace to be heated to 1180 ℃ for roasting for 10min, cooling the pellets to be below 500 ℃ along with the furnace after roasting is finished, taking out the pellets and naturally cooling the pellets to room temperature to obtain the fly ash ceramsite.
As shown in FIG. 1, the fly ash ceramsite prepared by the present embodiment has a cavity, and the areas outside the cavity are distributed with uniform pores,
example 2
(1) Adding coal slime containing humic acid into a granulator for granulation to obtain a spherical nucleating agent with the diameter of 4.2 mm;
(2) mixing 82 parts of fly ash, 8 parts of albite, 4.5 parts of clay and 0.5 part of silicon carbide, coating one nucleating agent (9 parts by mass) obtained in the step (1) by using the mixture, and then adding the mixture into a granulator for granulation to obtain material balls with the diameter of less than 20 mm;
(3) and (3) drying the pellets obtained in the step (2) at 100 ℃, then placing the pellets in a sintering furnace to be heated to 1210 ℃ for roasting for 20min, cooling the pellets to be below 500 ℃ along with the furnace after roasting is finished, taking out the pellets and naturally cooling the pellets to room temperature to obtain the fly ash ceramsite.
Example 3
(1) Adding the sodium-silicon slag into a granulator for granulation to obtain a spherical nucleating agent with the diameter of 1.3 mm;
(2) mixing 85 parts of fly ash, 9.2 parts of albite and 0.8 part of silicon carbide, coating one nucleating agent (5 parts by mass) obtained in the step (1) by using the mixture, and then adding the mixture into a granulator for granulation to obtain material balls with the diameter of less than 20 mm;
(3) and (3) drying the pellets obtained in the step (2) at 120 ℃, then placing the pellets in a sintering furnace to be heated to 1230 ℃, roasting for 20min, cooling the pellets to below 500 ℃ along with the furnace after roasting is finished, taking out the pellets, and naturally cooling the pellets to room temperature to obtain the fly ash ceramsite.
Example 4
(1) Adding the sodium-silicon slag into a granulator for granulation to obtain a spherical nucleating agent with the diameter of 2 mm;
(2) mixing 80 parts of fly ash, 9.2 parts of albite and 0.8 part of silicon carbide, coating one nucleating agent (6 parts by mass) obtained in the step (1) by using the mixture, and then adding the mixture into a granulator for granulation to obtain material balls with the diameter of less than 20 mm;
(3) and (3) drying the pellets obtained in the step (2) at 120 ℃, then placing the pellets in a sintering furnace, heating to 1220 ℃, roasting for 15min, cooling to below 500 ℃ along with the furnace after roasting is finished, taking out the pellets, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the fly ash ceramsite.
Example 5
(1) Adding the red mud into a granulator for granulation to obtain a spherical nucleating agent with the diameter of 5 mm;
(2) mixing 90 parts of fly ash, 4.7 parts of albite and 0.3 part of silicon carbide, coating 10 parts of nucleating agent (in parts by mass) obtained in the step (1) by using the mixture, and then adding the mixture into a granulator for granulation to obtain material balls with the diameter of less than 20 mm;
(3) and (3) drying the pellets obtained in the step (2) at 120 ℃, then placing the pellets in a sintering furnace to be heated to 1250 ℃, roasting for 30min, cooling the pellets to be below 500 ℃ along with the furnace after roasting is finished, taking out the pellets and naturally cooling the pellets to room temperature to obtain the fly ash ceramsite.
Example 6
(1) Adding the red mud into a granulator for granulation to obtain a spherical nucleating agent with the diameter of 3.5 mm;
(2) mixing 70 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of albite, 9.8 parts of clay and 0.2 part of silicon carbide, coating one nucleating agent (7 parts by mass) obtained in the step (1) by using the mixture, and then adding the mixture into a granulator for granulation to obtain material balls with the diameter of less than 20 mm;
(3) and (3) drying the pellets obtained in the step (2) at 100 ℃, then placing the pellets in a sintering furnace, heating to 1200 ℃, roasting for 30min, cooling to below 500 ℃ along with the furnace after roasting is finished, taking out the pellets, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the fly ash ceramsite.
The fly ash ceramsite prepared in examples 1-6 was tested for properties according to the conventional testing method in the art, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Bulk density kg/m3 | Barrel pressure strength MPa | Water absorption% | |
| Example 1 | 472 | 4.10 | 0.82 |
| Example 2 | 502 | 5.08 | 1.95 |
| Example 3 | 460 | 4.65 | 2.05 |
| Example 4 | 443 | 3.85 | 1.27 |
| Example 5 | 438 | 3.24 | 2.48 |
| Example 6 | 457 | 4.16 | 0.76 |
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The fly ash ceramsite is characterized by having a cavity structure, wherein uniform air holes are distributed in the region outside the cavity, and the inner wall of the cavity is obtained by high-temperature decomposition of low-melting-point solid waste containing crystal water, structural water or hydroxyl.
2. The fly ash ceramsite of claim 1, wherein the surface of the fly ash ceramsite is coated by a glaze layer;
preferably, the low-melting-point solid waste is at least one of coal slime containing humic acid, sodium-silicon slag or red mud.
3. The fly ash ceramsite of claim 1 or 2, wherein the cavity of the fly ash ceramsite is spherical, and the diameter of the spherical cavity is 1-5 mm;
preferably, the fly ash ceramsite has a cavity.
4. The fly ash ceramsite according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the fly ash ceramsite comprises the following components in parts by mass:
5. the fly ash ceramsite according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the nucleating agent is at least one of coal slime containing humic acid, sodium-silicon slag or red mud.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the adjuvant 1 is a feldspar, preferably at least one of albite, potassium feldspar or anorthite;
preferably, the auxiliary material 2 is clay;
preferably, the auxiliary material 3 is silicon carbide.
7. The method for preparing the fly ash ceramsite as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6, which comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out nucleation by using a raw material of a nucleating agent to obtain a spherical nucleating agent;
(2) mixing the fly ash and the auxiliary materials according to the formula amount, coating the nucleating agent obtained in the step (1) by using the mixture, and then granulating to obtain material balls;
(3) and (3) drying the pellets obtained in the step (2), roasting, and cooling to obtain the fly ash ceramsite.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the spherical nucleating agent of step (1) has a diameter of 1 to 5 mm;
preferably, the drying temperature in step (3) is 60-120 ℃.
9. The method as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein the roasting temperature in step (3) is 1100-1250 ℃;
preferably, the roasting time in the step (3) is 10-30 min;
preferably, after the roasting in the step (3) is finished, the mixture is cooled to below 500 ℃ along with the furnace, and is naturally cooled to room temperature after being taken out.
10. A method according to any of claims 7-9, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
(1) adding the raw materials of the nucleating agent into a granulator for granulation to obtain a spherical nucleating agent with the diameter of 1-5 mm;
(2) mixing the fly ash and the auxiliary materials according to the formula amount, coating the nucleating agent obtained in the step (1) by using the mixture, and then adding the mixture into a granulator for granulation to obtain material balls;
(3) and (3) drying the pellets obtained in the step (2) at 60-120 ℃, then placing the pellets in a sintering furnace, heating to 1100-1250 ℃, roasting for 10-30min, cooling to below 500 ℃ along with the furnace after roasting is finished, taking out and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the fly ash ceramsite.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112552021A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-26 | 河南强耐新材股份有限公司 | Fly ash ceramsite and preparation method thereof |
| CN112707663A (en) * | 2021-01-30 | 2021-04-27 | 北京工业大学 | Preparation method of red mud core-shell structure fine aggregate |
| CN113481013A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-08 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing soil conditioner by utilizing ceramsite in-situ hydrothermal combination with biochar |
| TWI742547B (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2021-10-11 | 明春窯業股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing of high strength structural lightweight aggregates by an energy-saving and nitrogen-reducing rotary kiln |
| CN115925390A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-04-07 | 郑州大学 | Multilayer high-strength thermal-insulation ceramsite and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102936127A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-20 | 马鞍山十七冶工程科技有限责任公司 | Light hollow ceramsite and production method thereof |
| CN203613113U (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-05-28 | 安徽国安三利新型建材有限公司 | Strong-strength lightweight fly ash ceramisite |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102936127A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-02-20 | 马鞍山十七冶工程科技有限责任公司 | Light hollow ceramsite and production method thereof |
| CN203613113U (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-05-28 | 安徽国安三利新型建材有限公司 | Strong-strength lightweight fly ash ceramisite |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI742547B (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2021-10-11 | 明春窯業股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing of high strength structural lightweight aggregates by an energy-saving and nitrogen-reducing rotary kiln |
| CN112552021A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-26 | 河南强耐新材股份有限公司 | Fly ash ceramsite and preparation method thereof |
| CN112552021B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2023-03-24 | 河南强耐新材股份有限公司 | Fly ash ceramsite and preparation method thereof |
| CN112707663A (en) * | 2021-01-30 | 2021-04-27 | 北京工业大学 | Preparation method of red mud core-shell structure fine aggregate |
| CN113481013A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-08 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing soil conditioner by utilizing ceramsite in-situ hydrothermal combination with biochar |
| CN115925390A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-04-07 | 郑州大学 | Multilayer high-strength thermal-insulation ceramsite and preparation method thereof |
| CN115925390B (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-07-07 | 郑州大学 | Multilayer high-strength heat-preservation ceramsite and preparation method thereof |
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