CN110834830A - General aviation fuel storage tank explosion protection and quality guarantee system and method - Google Patents
General aviation fuel storage tank explosion protection and quality guarantee system and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/22—Safety features
- B65D90/32—Arrangements for preventing, or minimising the effect of, excessive or insufficient pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
- B65D90/48—Arrangements of indicating or measuring devices
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a general aviation fuel storage tank blasting protection and quality guarantee system and a method; the system comprises a horizontal double-layer storage tank, an inert gas generation system, an air inlet valve, an air inlet distribution device, an exhaust collection device, an exhaust valve, an exhaust filtering separator, an exhaust elbow, a liquid level meter, a separator liquid discharge valve, a maintenance manhole, a fire-retardant breather valve, a sampling port, a closed sampling device, an explosion-proof sensor and a monitoring and alarming system; aiming at the problems of combustion explosion danger caused by mixed gas formed by fuel evaporation and air in the skid-mounted general aviation fuel storage tank and quality degradation caused by loss of light components of the fuel and oxidation of hydrocarbon substances, the invention adopts a micro-positive pressure technology to inhibit evaporation of the light components of the aviation fuel in the storage tank and reduce loss of the light components; meanwhile, inert gas is adopted to replace air in a gas phase space at the upper part of the storage tank, oxygen in the gas phase space is removed, aviation fuel oil is prevented from being oxidized, and the formation of a closed explosion environment is fundamentally eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aviation fuel safety and quality protection, in particular to a general aviation fuel storage tank explosion protection and quality guarantee system and method.
Background
The aviation fuel oil is one of basic guarantee conditions for the development of general aviation as indispensable 'blood' of general aviation. For general aviation fuel, because daily use amount and single filling volume are far less than commercial aviation, so its storage and transportation mostly adopt conventional horizontal cylindrical metal storage tank to go on, in order to guarantee the pressure-bearing safety of storage tank, be provided with back-fire relief breather valve at the storage tank top, when the pressure and the atmospheric pressure in the jar had the pressure differential, breather valve can open automatically and discharge oil gas or to jar interior suction air in to the atmosphere.
Aviation fuel oil is generally prepared by blending light components with strong volatility in petroleum products, has strong volatility, and can be continuously evaporated in the transportation and storage processes, and forms flammable and explosive mixed gas with air, so that various serious consequences can be caused: (1) in the closed environment inside the storage tank, the ignition and detonation source can cause combustion and explosion once encountering, causing personnel and property loss and threatening aviation safety. (2) The mixed gas enters the atmosphere along with the large breath of the receiving and sending operation or the small breath of the daily storage through a breather valve above the storage tank, so that the fuel quality is reduced and even the fuel is discarded, and serious economic loss is caused. (3) The volatile oil vapors enter the atmosphere and can also cause air pollution and health damage to personnel.
In order to reduce the evaporation loss of the hazardous chemical substances such as chemical intermediate products and other strong volatile liquids, the chemical industry currently adopts a large amount of inert gas sealing technology. The inert gas is injected into the upper gas phase space of the storage tank, and the positive pressure of the internal environment is maintained, so that the evaporation of liquid hazardous chemicals is inhibited, the combustion and explosion environment is eliminated, and the occurrence of combustion and explosion accidents is fundamentally prevented. However, in the field of aviation fuel protection, particularly skid-mounted general aviation fuel storage tanks, inert gas sealing protection technologies and applications of related equipment are not available, and the inert gas sealing protection technologies are generally applied to an inert gas protection system of a large-scale fixed storage tank of a chemical plant.
Based on the technical principle of inert gas sealing, the invention provides the explosion protection and quality guarantee system capable of reducing the evaporation loss of fuel stored in the tank, eliminating the environment of explosive mixed gas, capturing and recovering light components of the fuel and preventing the oxidation and quality degradation of the aviation fuel.
Through search and discovery, the invention of patent No. 201910318379.3 discloses an autonomous nitrogen protection device for a nitrogen storage tank, which comprises a hydraulic seal tank, a shell, a first nitrogen inlet and a second nitrogen inlet which are close to the upper end of the shell and communicated with the inner cavity of the shell, a non-volatile liquid inlet and a non-volatile liquid outlet which are communicated with the inner cavity of the shell, and an inner container which is arranged in the shell, wherein the lower end opening of the inner container is communicated with the inner cavity of the shell, and the upper end of the inner container is provided with a tail gas outlet which is communicated with the inner cavity of the inner container after penetrating through the shell in a.
Patent No. 201620202542.1's utility model discloses a raw materials storage tank nitrogen protection of novel structure device, including nitrogen gas source, pressure reducing valve group and nitrogen gas house steward, the nitrogen gas source is linked together through pressure reducing valve group and nitrogen gas house steward, along the direction interval that the nitrogen gas house steward extends is equipped with a plurality of storage tank, all is equipped with the nitrogen gas pipe between each storage tank and the nitrogen gas house steward, all is equipped with the blowing pipe that is used for the blowing on each storage tank.
The utility model discloses a patent number CN 201120095334.3's utility model relates to a normal pressure storage tank nitrogen protection device, including the normal pressure storage tank, still include nitrogen gas storage tank and nitrogen sealing cylinder, the nitrogen gas storage tank communicates with the normal pressure storage tank top through the first pipeline, installs the first solenoid valve on the first pipeline, stores nitrogen sealing liquid in the nitrogen sealing cylinder, the nitrogen sealing cylinder communicates with the normal pressure storage tank top through the second pipeline, the second solenoid valve is installed to one side of the top of nitrogen sealing cylinder; and a pressure sensor is arranged at the top of the normal pressure storage tank and is connected with the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve through a controller.
According to the analysis, the prior art has the following defects and shortcomings:
① No special general aviation fuel storage tank blasting protection and quality guarantee system is reported at present, the existing inert gas protection system is mainly designed for large vertical storage tanks such as chemical plant intermediate products and crude oil storage tanks, can not be directly transplanted, and can not meet the use requirements of general aviation fuel professional guarantee equipment such as general aviation fuel skid-mounted storage tanks;
② most of the existing general aviation fuel storage tanks are filled with HAN materials, although the obstructing explosion-proof technology can reduce the probability of explosion of the storage tanks to a certain extent, the materials need to fill the internal space of the storage tanks to achieve the protection purpose, and the problems of unchanged cleaning and maintenance, short service life of the materials, easy blockage of pipelines due to falling impurities and the like exist;
③ the existing barrier protection technology is still a passive protection measure essentially, the evaporation of fuel can not be inhibited significantly, the explosion mixed gas of oil vapor and air still exists in the upper gas phase space of the storage tank, the explosion environment can not be eliminated effectively, and the oxidation generated by the contact of fuel and air still exists;
④ the existing storage tank inert gas explosion suppression protection device based on the instant release of inert gas can release inert gas for explosion suppression only when the storage tank is burnt and the temperature is very high, and the release is disposable, only once explosion suppression can be carried out under emergency, the storage tank can not be continuously protected from explosion, and the function of isolating oxygen environment can not be played;
⑤ most of existing oil gas recovery devices for volatile fuel oil storage tanks are designed for large storage tanks, generally recover oil vapor generated by breathing of the storage tanks based on modes such as condensation, pressurization, adsorption and desorption, have the defects of complex system and high manufacturing cost, and are not suitable for use environments with small recovery quantity such as general aviation fuel oil storage tanks;
⑥ the conventional storage tank adopts the breather valve which is opened under lower pressure and the air inlet and exhaust set values of the inert gas protection system, which are not suitable for skid-mounted general aviation fuel storage tanks with better pressure bearing performance, and the frequent action of the valve or the breather valve of the nitrogen sealing system can be caused by the excessively low opening and exhaust pressure, thus causing the loss of fuel and inert gas.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to solve the defects, the invention provides a system and a method for protecting explosion protection and quality guarantee of a general aviation fuel storage tank; aiming at the problems of combustion explosion danger caused by mixed gas formed by fuel evaporation and air in the skid-mounted general aviation fuel storage tank and quality degradation caused by loss of light components of the fuel and oxidation of hydrocarbon substances, the invention adopts a micro-positive pressure technology to inhibit evaporation of the light components of the aviation fuel in the storage tank and reduce loss of the light components; meanwhile, inert gas is adopted to replace air in a gas phase space at the upper part of the storage tank, oxygen in the gas phase space is removed, aviation fuel oil is prevented from being oxidized, and the formation of a closed explosion environment is fundamentally eliminated; aiming at the problem of oil vapor emission caused by the breathing of the storage tank during operation, a precise filter is adopted to capture and recover trace oil vapor contained in the discharged gas, so that the emission of pollution gas in the long-term operation process of the aviation fuel oil storage tank is basically eliminated; the on-site/remote continuous monitoring and alarming of the internal parameters of the storage tank can be realized by the combined application of the explosion-proof sensor and the monitoring alarm system.
The invention is realized in such a way, constructs a general aviation fuel storage tank explosion protection and quality guarantee system, and is characterized in that: the general aviation fuel storage tank explosion protection and quality guarantee system comprises a horizontal double-layer storage tank, an inert gas generation system, an air inlet valve, an air inlet distribution device, an exhaust collection device, an exhaust valve, an exhaust filtering separator, an exhaust elbow, a liquid level meter, a separator liquid discharge valve, a maintenance manhole, a fire-retardant breather valve, a sampling port, a closed sampling device, an explosion-proof sensor and a monitoring and alarming system;
the device comprises an air inlet distribution device, an exhaust collection device, a closed sampling device and an explosion-proof sensor, wherein the air inlet distribution device, the exhaust collection device, the closed sampling device and the explosion-proof sensor are positioned inside a horizontal double-layer storage tank; the air inlet distribution device is externally connected with an air inlet valve, the air inlet valve is externally connected with an inert gas generation system, the top of the exhaust filtering separator is provided with an exhaust elbow, the bottom of the exhaust filtering separator is provided with a separator liquid discharge valve, and the side surface of the exhaust filtering separator is provided with a liquid level meter.
The invention discloses a general aviation fuel storage tank blasting protection and quality guarantee system, which is characterized in that: the horizontal double-layer storage tank is made of double-layer materials, the inner layer is made of stainless steel, the outer layer is made of carbon steel, or both the double layers are made of stainless steel, the inner layer is in direct contact with aviation fuel oil, and the manhole, a fire-retardant breather valve and an oil-measuring sampling port assembly are arranged at the upper part of the storage tank;
the inert gas generation system is used for generating inert gas required by the protection of the storage tank, and the inert gas is nitrogen;
the air inlet valve is positioned in the inert gas inlet pipeline and connected with the inert gas generating system and the air inlet distribution device in the horizontal double-layer storage tank, and when the gas phase pressure in the tank is lower than the atmospheric pressure and reaches a certain preset value, the air inlet valve is opened to supplement inert gas into the storage tank;
the gas inlet distribution device is positioned at the tail end of an inert gas inlet pipeline in the horizontal double-layer storage tank, is made of stainless steel, has a porous surface and is used for ensuring the uniform distribution of inert gas in the storage tank; meanwhile, air is fed through the plurality of openings, so that the impact of the air to the oil surface can be prevented;
the exhaust gas collection device is positioned at the tail end of an inert gas exhaust pipeline in the horizontal double-layer storage tank, is made of stainless steel, has upward pipe orifices at two ends, is positioned at the uppermost layer of a gas phase space of the storage tank, and is used for reducing the content of oil vapor in the exhaust gas and reducing evaporation loss;
the exhaust valve is positioned in the inert gas exhaust pipeline and connected with the exhaust gas collecting device and the exhaust gas filtering separator, and when the pressure in the tank is higher than the atmospheric pressure and reaches a certain limit value, the exhaust valve is opened to reduce the gas phase pressure in the storage tank through exhaust;
the exhaust filtering separator is positioned at the tail end of the exhaust pipeline, the interior of the exhaust filtering separator is mainly composed of a composite ultrafiltration filter core composed of low-resistance multilayer fine pore materials, and the composite ultrafiltration filter core is used for condensing and recovering a small amount of liquid drops and fuel steam carried in the gas discharged by the storage tank;
the exhaust bent pipe is positioned at the top end of the exhaust filtering separator, gas filtered and recovered by the composite filter element is exhausted to the atmosphere through the exhaust bent pipe, and the exhaust bent pipe is bent downwards, so that rain, snow and solid impurities in the atmosphere can be prevented from entering the filtering separator;
the liquid level meter is positioned at the middle lower part of the exhaust filtering separator and is used for marking the amount of liquid collected in the liquid collecting section in the exhaust filtering separator;
the separator drain valve is positioned at the bottom end of the exhaust filtering separator, and when the liquid collected in the exhaust filtering separator reaches a certain amount, the liquid can be discharged and collected through the drain valve;
the maintenance manhole is positioned at the upper part of the tank top, is connected to the tank body through a flange and is used for a channel for manual inspection and cleaning maintenance in the tank;
the fire-retardant breather valve is positioned above the manhole cover plate and connected to a flange welded above a manhole, and can be automatically opened to be communicated with the atmosphere when the pressure in the tank is too high or too low, so that structural damage caused by overpressure or too low vacuum degree of the tank body is avoided;
the sampling port is positioned above the manhole cover plate and connected to a flange welded above a manhole, the lower end of the sampling port is connected with a closed sampling device, and the upper end of the sampling port is provided with an openable cover cap which can provide a channel for periodically sampling fuel oil in a storage tank and measuring liquid level through a sampler;
the closed sampling device is connected to the upper end of the sampling port, the effective isolation of the gas phase space in the storage tank from the external atmosphere is realized through the cooperation of the floating device and the pipeline, and the pressurized sampling of the fuel oil in the tank is realized under the condition of ensuring the sealed operation of the inert gas in the tank;
the anti-explosion sensor is fixedly arranged in a gas phase space at the top of the storage tank, the sensor and a joint adopt an intrinsically safe anti-explosion design, and long-term stable measurement on parameters such as temperature, pressure, liquid level, oxygen content and the like in the tank can be realized under the condition of ensuring safety;
the monitoring and alarming system is connected with the explosion-proof sensor in the tank through a signal cable, receives the measurement data of various sensors, processes and displays the measurement data, and can alarm the abnormal conditions in the storage tank, such as rapid temperature rise, overhigh temperature, overhigh/overlow pressure, overproof oxygen content, abnormal liquid level and the like. By connecting the communication and transmission module, the monitoring and alarming system can further realize a series of functions such as remote monitoring and alarm disposal.
The invention discloses a general aviation fuel storage tank blasting protection and quality guarantee system, which is characterized in that: the inert gas generating system can supply gas by two modes of gas supply of a gas cylinder module system and gas supply of a maker module system; the gas cylinder module system consists of a gas storage cylinder, a gas cylinder fixing frame, a gas cylinder pressure regulating valve, a switch valve A, a gas collecting buffer tank A and a switch valve B; the gas cylinder is supported and fixed through a gas cylinder fixing frame, the gas cylinder is connected with a gas collection buffer tank A through a gas cylinder pressure regulating valve and a switch valve A, and the gas collection buffer tank A is externally output through a switch valve B;
the maker module system consists of an inert gas maker, a pressure regulating valve, a gas collecting buffer tank B and a switch valve C; the inert gas producer, the pressure regulating valve, the gas collecting buffer tank B and the switch valve B are communicated in sequence and output through the switch valve C.
The invention discloses a general aviation fuel storage tank blasting protection and quality guarantee system, which is characterized in that: the gas storage cylinder is a steel pressure container and is used for providing inert gas supply, a standard industrial nitrogen gas steel cylinder is generally adopted, and when the required gas quantity is large, a mode of connecting a plurality of gas cylinders in parallel can be adopted;
the gas cylinder fixing frame is a steel bracket and is used for fixing one or more used gas cylinder groups and can be quickly opened and closed through flexible hinge connection;
the gas cylinder pressure regulating valve is connected above the gas storage cylinder and can be used for reducing the pressure of high-pressure gas stored in the gas cylinder and then conveying the gas into the gas collecting buffer tank;
the switch valve A is positioned behind the gas cylinder pressure regulating valve, the switch valve B is positioned behind the gas collecting buffer tank A, and the switch valve C is positioned behind the gas collecting buffer tank B and can be used for opening and closing the gas supply pipeline of a single storage tank;
the gas collecting buffer tank A and the gas collecting buffer tank B are connected to a gas storage cylinder or an inert gas maker and are used for providing gas collection and buffering for the gas cylinder or the gas maker;
the inert gas producer is a device for directly producing inert gas, such as a nitrogen generator and a gas inert gas generator;
the pressure regulating valve is positioned between the inert gas producer and the gas collecting buffer tank B and is used for regulating the pressure of the inert gas generated at the front end.
A method for protecting explosion and quality of a general aviation fuel storage tank is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is implemented by the following operation;
the explosion protection and quality guarantee system of the general aviation fuel storage tank replaces the explosive mixed gas in the gas phase space in the storage tank through the inert gas, thereby fundamentally eliminating the risks of combustion and explosion, improving the long-term storage environment of the fuel in the tank, and eliminating the oxidative deterioration and the increase of the water content caused by air;
under the normal operation condition, the general aviation fuel storage tank explosion protection and quality guarantee system realizes the real-time control of the gas phase space pressure in the tank through the air inlet valve and the air outlet valve; when the storage tank is externally oiled or the temperature is reduced, the liquid level in the tank is reduced or the temperature is reduced, so that the pressure of a gas phase space in the tank is reduced, when the relative pressure in the tank is lower than +3kPa, the air inlet valve is automatically opened, inert gas is supplemented into the tank, and when the relative pressure is higher than +4kPa, the air inlet valve is automatically closed; meanwhile, when oil is fed into the storage tank or the external temperature is increased, the liquid level in the tank is increased or the gas temperature is increased, so that the pressure in the tank is increased, when the relative pressure in the tank reaches +5kPa, the exhaust valve is automatically opened, the gas is exhausted out of the tank through the exhaust filtering separator, and when the relative pressure is reduced to +4kPa, the exhaust valve is automatically closed; meanwhile, the opening pressure of the fire-retardant breather valve is-0.295 kPa to +9.8kPa, and is far lower than the limit pressure bearing of the storage tank, so that the storage tank can be protected when the inert gas sealing system fails, and the fire-retardant breather valve does not conflict with the storage tank because the opening pressure of the fire-retardant breather valve is higher than the working range of a fire-explosion protection and quality guarantee system.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects after improvement:
①, the design is carried out according to the operation environment, the operation characteristics and the operation requirements of general aviation, and all parameter values and auxiliary equipment adopt general aviation professional equipment, so that the high-standard quality requirements of fuel oil and the use requirements of regular sampling, liquid level measurement and the like of general aviation fuel oil professional guarantee equipment such as a general aviation fuel oil skid-mounted storage tank and the like can be met;
② the in-tank accessories of the system only have the intake air distribution and exhaust pipe collection device and the sampling pipe on the top of the storage tank, and the near air and exhaust device is positioned on the top of the tank, and does not occupy the effective volume in the tank, so the occupied space in the tank is very little, and meanwhile, the in-tank accessories are all made of stainless steel, so the risk of falling impurities to pollute fuel or block pipelines is avoided;
③ the explosion protection and quality guarantee of general aviation fuel oil based on the inert gas sealing principle is an active and intrinsically safe protection means, the explosive mixed gas is replaced by inert gas under the normal operation condition of the equipment, the explosion probability of the storage tank is completely eliminated but not partially reduced, and simultaneously, the purpose of eliminating the oxidation generated by the contact of the fuel oil and the air can be achieved.
④ the inert gas of the system is continuously present in the upper gas phase space of the storage tank in the running process of the device, and is not released instantly in critical conditions, thus achieving the long-term stable explosion protection and fuel quality guarantee of the storage tank;
⑤ aiming at the characteristics of frequent operation and small fuel oil turnover amount of general aviation, the evaporation fuel gas recovery device of the system is internally formed by a composite ultrafiltration filter element and is used for condensing and recovering a small amount of liquid drops and fuel oil steam carried in the gas discharged by the storage tank, and the system has the characteristics of simple process and low cost and is suitable for use environments with small recovery amount, such as general aviation fuel oil storage tanks and the like;
⑥ aiming at the skid-mounted general aviation fuel storage tank with better pressure bearing performance, the opening and exhaust pressure of the air inlet and exhaust valves are properly improved, the relatively higher micro-positive pressure in the tank is maintained, the frequent action of the valve or the breather valve is prevented, and the loss amount of fuel vapor and inert gas is reduced.
⑦ the monitoring and alarming unit of the system can realize real-time monitoring to each parameter of the fuel in the tank, and can alarm in place to abnormal conditions, and can realize remote real-time monitoring and alarming after being matched with the data communication module, thereby further improving the safety guarantee effect of the general aviation fuel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a general aviation fuel storage tank explosion protection and quality assurance system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an inert gas generation system using a gas cylinder for gas supply;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an inert gas generation system using the gas generator.
Wherein: the device comprises a horizontal double-layer storage tank 1, an inert gas generation system 2, an air inlet valve 3, an air inlet distribution device 4, an exhaust collection device 5, an exhaust valve 6, an exhaust filtering separator 7, an exhaust elbow 8, a liquid level meter 9, a separator liquid discharge valve 10, a maintenance manhole 11, a fire-retardant breather valve 12, a sampling port 13, a closed sampling device 14, an explosion-proof sensor 15, a monitoring and alarm system 16, a gas storage bottle 17, a gas bottle fixing frame 18, a gas bottle pressure regulating valve 19, a switch valve A20, a gas collection buffer tank A21, a switch valve B22, an inert gas maker 23, a pressure regulating valve 24, a gas collection buffer tank B25 and a switch valve C26.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a general aviation fuel storage tank explosion protection and quality guarantee system through improvement, which comprises a horizontal double-layer storage tank 1, an inert gas generation system 2, an air inlet valve 3, an air inlet distribution device 4, an exhaust collection device 5, an exhaust valve 6, an exhaust filtering separator 7, an exhaust elbow 8, a liquid level meter 9, a separator liquid discharge valve 10, a maintenance manhole 11, a fire-retardant breather valve 12, a sampling port 13, a closed sampling device 14, an explosion-proof sensor 15 and a monitoring and alarm system 16.
In addition, considering different installation and use scenes, the inert gas generation system 2 can supply gas by two modes of gas cylinder module system gas supply and gas producer module system gas supply; as shown in fig. 2, the gas cylinder module system is composed of a gas cylinder 17, a gas cylinder fixing frame 18, a gas cylinder pressure regulating valve 19, a switch valve a20, a gas collecting buffer tank a21 and a switch valve B22; the gas storage cylinder 17 is supported and fixed through a gas cylinder fixing frame 18, the gas storage cylinder 17 is connected with a gas collection buffer tank A21 through a gas cylinder pressure regulating valve 19 and a switch valve A20, and the gas collection buffer tank A21 is output through a switch valve B22.
As shown in fig. 3, the maker module system is composed of an inert gas maker 23, a pressure regulating valve 24, a gas collecting buffer tank B25, and an on-off valve C26; the inert gas generator 23, the pressure regulating valve 24, the gas collecting buffer tank B25, and the on-off valve B26 are connected in sequence and output through the on-off valve C26.
Wherein: the horizontal double-layer storage tank 1 is made of double-layer materials, the inner layer is made of stainless steel generally, the outer layer is made of carbon steel, or the double layers are made of stainless steel, the inner layer is in direct contact with aviation fuel oil, and accessories such as a manhole, a fire-retardant breather valve, an oil-measuring sampling port and the like are arranged at the upper part of the storage tank;
the inert gas generating system 2 is used for generating inert gas required by the protection of the storage tank, and the inert gas is generally nitrogen and can also be other inert gases;
the air inlet valve 3 is positioned in the inert gas inlet pipeline and is connected with the inert gas generating device and the air inlet distribution device in the storage tank, and when the gas phase pressure in the storage tank is lower than the atmospheric pressure and reaches a certain preset value, the air inlet valve is opened to supplement inert gas into the storage tank;
the gas inlet distribution device 4 is positioned at the tail end of an inert gas inlet pipeline in the storage tank, is made of stainless steel, has a porous surface and is used for ensuring the uniform distribution of inert gas in the storage tank; meanwhile, air is fed through the plurality of openings, so that the impact of the air to the oil surface can be prevented;
the exhaust collecting device 5 is positioned at the tail end of an inert gas exhaust pipeline in the storage tank, is made of stainless steel, has upward pipe orifices at two ends, is positioned at the uppermost layer of the gas phase space of the storage tank, and is used for reducing the oil vapor content in the exhaust gas and reducing the evaporation loss;
the exhaust valve 6 is positioned in the inert gas exhaust pipeline and is connected with the exhaust gas collection device and the exhaust gas filtering separator, when the pressure in the tank is higher than the atmospheric pressure and reaches a certain limit value, the exhaust valve is opened, and the gas phase pressure in the storage tank is reduced through exhaust;
the exhaust filtering separator 7 is positioned at the tail end of the exhaust pipeline, is mainly internally composed of a composite ultrafiltration filter core composed of low-resistance multilayer fine pore materials and is used for condensing and recovering a small amount of liquid drops and fuel steam carried in the gas discharged by the storage tank;
the exhaust bent pipe 8 is positioned at the top end of the exhaust filtering separator, the gas filtered and recovered by the composite filter element is discharged into the atmosphere through the exhaust bent pipe, and the exhaust bent pipe is bent downwards, so that rain, snow and solid impurities in the atmosphere can be prevented from entering the filtering separator;
the liquid level meter 9 is positioned at the middle lower part of the filtering separator and is used for indicating the amount of liquid collected in the liquid collecting section in the interior of the separator,
the separator drain valve 10 is positioned at the bottom end of the filtering separator, and when the liquid collected in the separator reaches a certain amount, the liquid can be discharged and collected through the drain valve;
the maintenance manhole 11 is positioned at the upper part of the tank top, is connected to the tank body through a flange and is used for a channel for manual inspection and cleaning maintenance in the tank;
the fire-retardant breather valve 12 is positioned above the manhole cover plate and connected to a flange welded above a manhole, and can be automatically opened to be communicated with the atmosphere when the pressure in the tank is too high or too low, so that structural damage caused by overpressure or too low vacuum degree of the tank body is avoided;
the sampling port 13 is positioned above the manhole cover plate and connected to a flange welded above a manhole, the lower end of the sampling port is connected with a closed sampling device, and the upper end of the sampling port is provided with an openable port cover which can provide a channel for periodically sampling fuel oil in a storage tank and measuring liquid level through a sampler;
the closed sampling device 14 is connected to the upper end of the sampling port, the effective isolation of the gas phase space in the storage tank from the outside atmosphere is realized through the matching of the floating device and the pipeline, and the pressurized sampling of the fuel oil in the tank is realized under the condition of ensuring the sealed operation of the inert gas in the tank;
the explosion-proof sensor 15 is fixedly arranged in a gas phase space at the top of the storage tank, the sensor and the joint adopt an intrinsically safe explosion-proof design, and long-term stable measurement on parameters such as temperature, pressure, liquid level, oxygen content and the like in the tank can be realized under the condition of ensuring safety;
the monitoring and alarming system 16 is connected with the explosion-proof sensor 15 in the tank through a signal cable, receives the measurement data of various sensors, processes and displays the measurement data, and can alarm the abnormal conditions in the storage tank, such as rapid temperature rise, overhigh temperature, overhigh/overlow pressure, overproof oxygen content, abnormal liquid level and the like. By connecting the communication and transmission module, the monitoring and alarming system can further realize a series of functions such as remote monitoring and alarming treatment;
the gas storage cylinder 17 is a steel pressure container for providing inert gas supply, a standard industrial nitrogen gas steel cylinder is generally adopted, and when the required gas quantity is large, a mode of connecting a plurality of gas cylinders in parallel can be adopted;
the gas cylinder fixing frame 18 is a steel bracket, is used for fixing single or multiple gas cylinder groups, and can be quickly opened and closed through flexible hinge connection;
the switch valve A20 is positioned behind the air bottle pressure regulating valve, the switch valve B22 is positioned behind the air collecting buffer tank A21, and the switch valve C26 is positioned behind the air collecting buffer tank B25 and can be used for opening and closing the air supply pipeline of a single storage tank;
the gas collecting buffer tank A21 and the gas collecting buffer tank B25 are connected to a gas storage cylinder or an inert gas maker and are used for providing gas collection and buffering for the gas storage cylinder or the gas maker;
the inert gas producer 23 is a device for directly producing inert gas, such as a nitrogen generator, a gas inert gas generator;
the pressure regulating valve 24 is located between the inert gas producer 22 and the gas collection buffer tank B25, and regulates the pressure of the inert gas generated at the front end.
The process of the invention operates as follows; according to the general aviation fuel storage tank explosion protection and quality guarantee system, the explosion mixed gas in the gas phase space inside the storage tank is replaced by the inert gas, so that the risks of combustion and explosion are fundamentally eliminated, meanwhile, the long-term storage environment of fuel in the tank is improved, and the oxidative deterioration and the increase of the water content caused by air are eliminated;
under the normal operation condition, the general aviation fuel storage tank explosion protection and quality guarantee system realizes the real-time control of the gas phase space pressure in the tank through the air inlet valve 3 and the air outlet valve 6; when the storage tank is externally oiled or the temperature is reduced, the liquid level in the tank is reduced or the temperature is reduced, so that the pressure of a gas phase space in the tank is reduced, when the relative pressure in the tank is lower than +3kPa, the air inlet valve is automatically opened, the inert gas is supplemented into the tank, and when the relative pressure is higher than +4kPa, the air inlet valve 3 is automatically closed; meanwhile, when oil enters the storage tank or the external temperature rises, the liquid level in the tank rises or the gas temperature rises, so that the pressure in the tank increases, when the relative pressure in the tank reaches +5kPa, the exhaust valve is automatically opened, the gas is exhausted out of the tank through the exhaust filtering separator 7, and when the relative pressure is reduced to +4kPa, the exhaust valve 6 is automatically closed; meanwhile, the opening pressure of the fire-retardant breather valve is-0.295 kPa to +9.8kPa, and is far lower than the limit pressure bearing of the storage tank, so that the storage tank can be protected when the inert gas sealing system 2 fails, and the opening pressure of the breather valve is higher than the working ranges of the explosion protection and quality guarantee system, so that the two systems do not conflict.
The first embodiment is as follows:
when the gas cylinder is applied to general aviation temporary or short-term operation guarantee in a certain place, a gas cylinder can be adopted to supply gas to a blasting protection and quality guarantee system, and the working flow of gas inlet and exhaust is shown in figures 1 and 2; air intake: the air cylinder 17 → the air cylinder holder 18 → the air cylinder pressure regulating valve 19 → the on-off valve a20 → the air collecting buffer tank a21 → the on-off valve B22 → the intake valve 3 → the intake air distributing device 4; exhausting: exhaust gas collecting device 5 → exhaust valve 6 → exhaust gas filter separator 7 → exhaust elbow 8.
Example two: when the gas producer is applied to general aviation long-term or fixed operation guarantee in a certain place, the gas producer can be used for supplying gas to an explosion protection and quality guarantee system so as to further reduce the use cost, as shown in figures 1 and 3; the working process comprises the following steps of air inlet: the inert gas producer 23 → the pressure regulating valve 24 → the gas collection buffer tank B25 → the on-off valve C26 → the intake valve 3 → the intake air distributing device 4; exhausting: exhaust gas collecting device 5 → exhaust valve 6 → exhaust gas filter separator 7 → exhaust elbow 8.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects after improvement:
①, the design is carried out according to the operation environment, the operation characteristics and the operation requirements of general aviation, and all parameter values and auxiliary equipment adopt general aviation professional equipment, so that the high-standard quality requirements of fuel oil and the use requirements of regular sampling, liquid level measurement and the like of general aviation fuel oil professional guarantee equipment such as a general aviation fuel oil skid-mounted storage tank and the like can be met;
② the in-tank accessories of the system only have the intake air distribution and exhaust pipe collection device and the sampling pipe on the top of the storage tank, and the near air and exhaust device is positioned on the top of the tank, and does not occupy the effective volume in the tank, so the occupied space in the tank is very little, and meanwhile, the in-tank accessories are all made of stainless steel, so the risk of falling impurities to pollute fuel or block pipelines is avoided;
③ the explosion protection and quality guarantee of general aviation fuel oil based on the inert gas sealing principle is an active and intrinsically safe protection means, the explosive mixed gas is replaced by inert gas under the normal operation condition of the equipment, the explosion probability of the storage tank is completely eliminated but not partially reduced, and simultaneously, the purpose of eliminating the oxidation generated by the contact of the fuel oil and the air can be achieved.
④ the inert gas of the system is continuously present in the upper gas phase space of the storage tank in the running process of the device, and is not released instantly in critical conditions, thus achieving the long-term stable explosion protection and fuel quality guarantee of the storage tank;
⑤ aiming at the characteristics of frequent operation and small fuel oil turnover amount of general aviation, the evaporation fuel gas recovery device of the system is internally formed by a composite ultrafiltration filter element and is used for condensing and recovering a small amount of liquid drops and fuel oil steam carried in the gas discharged by the storage tank, and the system has the characteristics of simple process and low cost and is suitable for use environments with small recovery amount, such as general aviation fuel oil storage tanks and the like;
⑥ aiming at the skid-mounted general aviation fuel storage tank with better pressure bearing performance, the opening and exhaust pressure of the air inlet and exhaust valves are properly improved, the relatively higher micro-positive pressure in the tank is maintained, the frequent action of the valve or the breather valve is prevented, and the loss amount of fuel vapor and inert gas is reduced.
⑦ the monitoring and alarming unit of the system can realize real-time monitoring to each parameter of the fuel in the tank, and can alarm in place to abnormal conditions, and can realize remote real-time monitoring and alarming after being matched with the data communication module, thereby further improving the safety guarantee effect of the general aviation fuel.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a general aviation fuel storage tank blasting protection and quality assurance system which characterized in that: the general aviation fuel storage tank burning explosion protection and quality guarantee system comprises a horizontal double-layer storage tank (1), an inert gas generation system (2), an air inlet valve (3), an air inlet distribution device (4), an exhaust collection device (5), an exhaust valve (6), an exhaust filtering separator (7), an exhaust bent pipe (8), a liquid level meter (9), a separator liquid discharge valve (10), a maintenance manhole (11), a fire-retardant breather valve (12), a sampling port (13), a closed sampling device (14), an explosion-proof sensor (15) and a monitoring and alarming system (16);
the device comprises an air inlet distribution device (4), an exhaust collection device (5), a closed sampling device (14) and an explosion-proof sensor (15), wherein the air inlet distribution device, the exhaust collection device (5), the closed sampling device (14) and the explosion-proof sensor (15) are positioned inside a horizontal double-layer storage tank (1), the exhaust collection device (5) is externally connected with an exhaust valve (6), the exhaust valve (6) is connected with an exhaust filtering separator (7), the explosion-proof sensor (15) is externally connected with a monitoring and alarming system (16), the closed sampling device (14) is arranged at the position of a maintenance manhole (11), the upper end of the closed sampling device (14) is a sampling port (; the air inlet distribution device (4) is externally connected with an air inlet valve (3), the air inlet valve (3) is externally connected with an inert gas generation system (2), the top of the exhaust filtering separator (7) is provided with an exhaust elbow (8), the bottom of the exhaust filtering separator is provided with a separator liquid discharge valve (10), and the side surface of the exhaust filtering separator is provided with a liquid level meter (9).
2. The general aviation fuel storage tank blasting protection and quality assurance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the horizontal double-layer storage tank (1) is made of double-layer materials, the inner layer is made of stainless steel, the outer layer is made of carbon steel, or both the double layers are made of stainless steel, the inner layer is in direct contact with aviation fuel oil, and the manhole, a fire-retardant breather valve and an oil-measuring sampling port assembly are arranged at the upper part of the storage tank;
the inert gas generation system (2) is used for generating inert gas required by storage tank protection, and the inert gas is nitrogen;
the air inlet valve (3) is positioned in an inert gas inlet pipeline and is connected with the inert gas generation system (2) and an air inlet distribution device (4) in the horizontal double-layer storage tank (1), and when the gas phase pressure in the tank is lower than the atmospheric pressure and reaches a certain preset value, the air inlet valve (3) is opened to supplement inert gas into the storage tank;
the gas inlet distribution device (4) is positioned at the tail end of an inert gas inlet pipeline in the horizontal double-layer storage tank (1), is made of stainless steel, has a porous surface and is used for ensuring the uniform distribution of inert gas in the storage tank; meanwhile, air is fed through the plurality of openings, so that the impact of the air to the oil surface can be prevented;
the exhaust collecting device (5) is positioned at the tail end of an inert gas exhaust pipeline in the horizontal double-layer storage tank (1), is made of stainless steel, has upward pipe orifices at two ends, is positioned at the uppermost layer of a gas phase space of the storage tank, and is used for reducing the content of oil vapor in the exhaust gas and reducing evaporation loss; the exhaust valve (6) is positioned in an inert gas exhaust pipeline and is connected with an exhaust gas collecting device (5) and an exhaust gas filtering separator (7), when the pressure in the tank is higher than the atmospheric pressure and reaches a certain limit value, the exhaust valve (6) is opened, and the gas phase pressure in the storage tank is reduced through exhaust;
the exhaust filtering separator (7) is positioned at the tail end of the exhaust pipeline, is mainly internally composed of a composite ultrafiltration filter core composed of low-resistance multilayer pore materials and is used for condensing and recovering a small amount of liquid drops and fuel steam carried in the gas discharged by the storage tank;
the exhaust bent pipe (8) is positioned at the top end of the exhaust filtering separator, gas filtered and recovered by the composite filter element is exhausted to the atmosphere through the exhaust bent pipe, and the exhaust bent pipe is bent downwards, so that rain, snow and solid impurities in the atmosphere can be prevented from entering the filtering separator;
the liquid level meter (9) is positioned at the middle lower part of the exhaust filtering separator (7) and is used for marking the amount of liquid collected in the liquid collecting section in the exhaust filtering separator (7);
the separator drain valve (10) is positioned at the bottom end of the exhaust filtering separator (7), and when the liquid collected in the exhaust filtering separator (7) reaches a certain amount, the liquid can be discharged and collected through the drain valve;
the maintenance manhole (11) is positioned at the upper part of the tank top, is connected to the tank body through a flange and is used for a channel for manual inspection and cleaning maintenance in the tank;
the fire-retardant breather valve (12) is positioned above the manhole cover plate and connected to a flange welded above a manhole, and can be automatically opened to be communicated with the atmosphere when the pressure in the tank is too high or too low, so that structural damage caused by overpressure or too low vacuum degree of the tank body is avoided;
the sampling port (13) is positioned above the manhole cover plate and connected to a flange welded above a manhole, the lower end of the sampling port is connected with a closed sampling device, the upper end of the sampling port is provided with an openable port cover, and a channel for periodically sampling the fuel oil in the storage tank and measuring the liquid level through the sampler can be provided;
the closed sampling device (14) is connected to the upper end of the sampling port, the effective isolation of the gas phase space in the storage tank and the outside atmosphere is realized through the matching of the floating device and the pipeline, and the pressurized sampling of the fuel oil in the tank is realized under the condition of ensuring the sealed operation of the inert gas in the tank;
the anti-explosion sensor (15) is fixedly arranged in a gas phase space at the top of the storage tank, the sensor and a joint adopt an intrinsically safe anti-explosion design, and long-term stable measurement on parameters such as temperature, pressure, liquid level and oxygen content in the tank can be realized under the condition of ensuring safety;
the monitoring and alarming system (16) is connected with the explosion-proof sensor (15) in the tank through a signal cable, receives the measurement data of various sensors, processes and displays the measurement data, and can alarm the abnormal conditions in the storage tank, such as rapid temperature rise, overhigh temperature, overhigh/overlow pressure, overproof oxygen content, abnormal liquid level and the like;
by connecting the communication and transmission module, the monitoring and alarming system can further realize a series of functions such as remote monitoring and alarm disposal.
3. The general aviation fuel storage tank blasting protection and quality assurance system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inert gas generating system (2) can supply gas by two modes of gas supply of a gas cylinder module system and gas supply of a maker module system; the gas cylinder module system consists of a gas storage cylinder (17), a gas cylinder fixing frame (18), a gas cylinder pressure regulating valve (19), a switch valve A (20), a gas collection buffer tank A (21) and a switch valve B (22); the gas storage cylinder (17) is supported and fixed through a gas cylinder fixing frame (18), the gas storage cylinder (17) is connected with a gas collection buffer tank A (21) through a gas cylinder pressure regulating valve (19) and a switch valve A (20), and the gas collection buffer tank A (21) is externally output through a switch valve B (22);
the maker module system consists of an inert gas maker (23), a pressure regulating valve (24), a gas collecting buffer tank B (25) and a switch valve C (26); the inert gas producer (23), the pressure regulating valve (24), the gas collecting buffer tank B (25) and the switch valve B (26) are communicated in sequence and output through the switch valve C (26).
4. The general aviation fuel storage tank blasting protection and quality assurance system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the gas storage cylinder (17) is a steel pressure container and is used for providing inert gas supply, a standard industrial nitrogen gas steel cylinder is generally adopted, and when the required gas quantity is large, a mode of connecting a plurality of gas cylinders in parallel can be adopted;
the gas cylinder fixing frame (18) is a steel bracket, is used for fixing a single or a plurality of gas cylinder groups, and can be quickly opened and closed through flexible hinge connection;
the gas cylinder pressure regulating valve (19) is connected above the gas storage cylinder and can be used for reducing the pressure of high-pressure gas stored in the gas cylinder and then conveying the gas into the gas collecting buffer tank;
the switch valve A (20) is positioned behind the gas cylinder pressure regulating valve, the switch valve B (22) is positioned behind the gas collecting buffer tank A (21), and the switch valve C (26) is positioned behind the gas collecting buffer tank B (25) and can be used for opening and closing a gas supply pipeline of a single storage tank;
the gas collecting buffer tank A (21) and the gas collecting buffer tank B (25) are connected to a gas storage cylinder or an inert gas maker and are used for providing gas collection and buffering for the gas storage cylinder or the gas maker;
the inert gas producer (23) is a device for directly producing inert gas, such as a nitrogen generator and a gas inert gas generator;
a pressure regulating valve (24) is provided between the inert gas generator (22) and the gas collecting buffer tank B (25) for regulating the pressure of the inert gas generated at the tip.
5. A method for protecting explosion and quality of a general aviation fuel storage tank is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is implemented by the following operation;
the explosion protection and quality guarantee system of the general aviation fuel storage tank replaces the explosive mixed gas in the gas phase space in the storage tank through the inert gas, thereby fundamentally eliminating the risks of combustion and explosion, improving the long-term storage environment of the fuel in the tank, and eliminating the oxidative deterioration and the increase of the water content caused by air;
under the normal operation condition, the general aviation fuel storage tank explosion protection and quality guarantee system realizes the real-time control of the gas phase space pressure in the tank through the air inlet valve (3) and the air outlet valve (6); when the storage tank is externally oiled or the temperature is reduced, the liquid level in the tank is reduced or the temperature is reduced, so that the pressure of a gas phase space in the tank is reduced, when the relative pressure in the tank is lower than +3kPa, the air inlet valve (3) is automatically opened, inert gas is supplemented into the tank, and when the relative pressure is higher than +4kPa, the air inlet valve (3) is automatically closed; meanwhile, when oil is fed into the storage tank or the external temperature rises, the liquid level in the tank rises or the gas temperature rises, so that the pressure in the tank increases, when the relative pressure in the tank reaches +5kPa, the exhaust valve (6) is automatically opened, gas is exhausted out of the tank through the exhaust filtering separator (7), and when the relative pressure is reduced to +4kPa, the exhaust valve (6) is automatically closed; meanwhile, the opening pressure of the fire-retardant breather valve (12) is-0.295 kPa to +9.8kPa, the pressure is far lower than the limit pressure bearing of the storage tank, the storage tank can be protected when the inert gas sealing system fails, and the fire-retardant breather valve (12) does not conflict with the explosion protection system and the quality guarantee system because the opening pressure is higher than the working range of the explosion protection system and the quality guarantee system.
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Application publication date: 20200225 |