CN110831454A - 鞋类中具有腔囊的层 - Google Patents

鞋类中具有腔囊的层 Download PDF

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CN110831454A
CN110831454A CN201780091876.3A CN201780091876A CN110831454A CN 110831454 A CN110831454 A CN 110831454A CN 201780091876 A CN201780091876 A CN 201780091876A CN 110831454 A CN110831454 A CN 110831454A
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solid support
inlet
cell
sole
footwear
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CN110831454B (zh
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M.G.洛佩斯
R.S.阿哈温
E.波诺马雷夫
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Hewlett Packard Development Co LP
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Hewlett Packard Development Co LP
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Abstract

在一些示例中，一种用于鞋类的鞋底层包括：壳体结构；处于所述壳体结构中的腔囊；固体支撑物，其处于所述腔囊内，以维持所述腔囊的形状；以及所述腔囊的入口，所述入口接收注入的材料，以溶解所述固体支撑物。

Description

鞋类中具有腔囊的层
背景技术
各种鞋类可穿在使用者的脚上。鞋类可用于各种用途，包括步行、慢跑、进行运动等。当使用者从事各种活动时，使用者希望鞋类是舒适的并且提供足够的支撑。
附图说明
参照下面的附图来描述本公开的一些实施方式。
图1是根据一些示例的鞋类的一部分的透视图。
图2是根据另外的示例的具有格子形状的固体支撑物的示意图。
图3是根据一些示例的鞋类的鞋底层的底视图。
图4是根据一些示例的鞋类的鞋底层的透视底视图。
图5是根据一些示例的鞋类的鞋底的各个层的透视分解图。
图6是根据一些示例的鞋类的鞋底的各个层的透视组装图。
图7是根据一些示例的组件的底部透视图，该组件包括鞋底的各个层，以及将材料注入到鞋底层的腔囊中的注入元件。
图8是根据一些示例的鞋类定制过程的流程图。
图9是根据另外的示例的形成鞋类的鞋底的流程图。
贯穿附图，相同的附图标记标示相似但不一定相同的元件。附图不一定按比例绘制，并且可放大某些部分的尺寸以更清楚地图示所示的示例。此外，附图还提供了与描述一致的示例和/或实施方式；然而，描述并不限于附图中所提供的示例和/或实施方式。
具体实施方式
在本公开中，除非上下文另有明确说明，否则术语“一”、“一个”、“一种”或者“该”、“所述”的使用也意在包括复数形式。此外，当在本公开中使用时，术语“包括”、“包含”、“具有”或“具备”列举所记载的要素的存在，但并不排除存在或添加其他要素。
鞋类的示例包括鞋、凉鞋、靴子、袜子或者将穿在使用者的脚（或双脚）上的任何其他物品。鞋类的鞋底被设计成支撑使用者的脚。鞋底通常可指鞋类的底部结构，使用者的脚放置在该底部结构上，并且该底部结构为使用者的脚提供支撑。不同使用者的脚可具有不同的形状和其他特性。因此，可令人满意地支撑一个使用者的脚的鞋类可能没有充分地支撑另一使用者的脚。此外，鞋类可用于不同的活动中，包括步行、慢跑、进行运动、站立等，这些活动可与不同的支撑和使用者舒适性问题相关。对使用者脚部的支撑不足可导致使用者的不适或疼痛，并且在某些情况下可导致对使用者脚部的损伤。
在使用者购买鞋类并发现其没有提供足够的支撑或舒适性（或者因为鞋类未适当地符合使用者脚部的形状，或者鞋类没有为使用者的预期活动提供足够的支撑）之后，使用者可将该鞋类退还给零售商（这导致零售商的成本增加），或者使用者可购买额外的鞋垫（insert）来放置在该鞋类中，以增加支撑或改善舒适性（这导致使用者的成本增加）。
根据本公开的一些实施方式，提供了解决方案以允许鞋类针对各个使用者个别定制。在一些示例中，鞋类可包括可根据需要定制的腔囊（cell）。如本文所使用的，“腔囊”可以指容纳结构，例如囊、袋或其中设置有内腔的任何其他容器。该腔囊被设置为鞋类的鞋底层的一部分。
鞋底可由多层（称为“鞋底层”）形成，其中，该多个鞋底层中的一个鞋底层可包括根据本公开的一些实施方式的腔囊。在其他示例中，多于一个鞋底层可包括根据一些实施方式的腔囊。
鞋底层中的腔囊可被注入相应的材料，以为使用者定制鞋类。鞋底层中的不同腔囊可被注入相同类型的材料或不同类型的材料。不同类型的材料可被注入到鞋底层的腔囊中，以实现鞋底层的不同动态行为，例如用于形成鞋底（或鞋底的一部分）的弹性体材料（或其他材料）的不同动态性能。注入到鞋底层的每个腔囊中的材料的选择可取决于以下因素中的任何一个或某种组合：使用者脚部的形状、使用者脚部的尺寸、使用者的足弓的特性（例如，高足弓或低足弓）、鞋类的目标用途（例如，步行、慢跑、跑步、篮球、足球、橄榄球、站立等）或其他因素。
通过选择不同类型的材料或不同数量的材料来注入到腔囊中，可为使用者个别定制鞋类。在一些示例中，该定制可在零售环境中（例如，在鞋类商店中）或者在已购买鞋类的使用者的家或其他设施中进行。在其他示例中，该定制可由制造商在制造商的工厂处进行。在另外的示例中，该定制可在另一环境中或由另一实体来进行。
尽管在一些示例中参考了具有多个腔囊的鞋底层，但要注意的是，在其他示例中，鞋底层可仅包括单个腔囊，材料可被注入到该腔囊中以用于定制。
图1是根据一些示例的作为鞋类的一部分的鞋底层102的一部分的透视图。该鞋底层具有壳体结构103，该壳体结构103是鞋底层102的主要外部结构。
鞋底层102包括腔囊104，其具有内腔106。设置入口108，以允许将材料注入到腔囊104的内腔106中。
入口108包括膜110，注入元件可穿过该膜110并延伸到入口108的内部通道112中。例如，该注入元件可包括注射器的针，其可穿透膜110，以允许将注射器中的材料注入到腔囊104的内腔106中。当从入口108移除注射器针时，膜110自密封，使得在移除注射器针之后，处于腔囊104的内腔106中的任何材料都保留在腔囊104中。
在其他示例中，代替使用自密封膜110，可设置不同的封盖层，以在材料被注入到腔囊104中之后封盖入口108的开口。例如，该封盖层可包括可从入口108移除的盖，以允许材料通过入口108输送到内腔106中。在将材料输送到腔囊104中之后，该盖可被重新附接到入口。在其他示例中，可使用其他类型的封盖层。
根据本公开的一些实施方式，为了确保鞋类中的腔囊在鞋类的运输和/或其他处理期间维持其形状，可在每个腔囊中设置固体支撑物。图1示出了最初设置在腔囊104的内腔106中的固体支撑物114。固体支撑物114将在鞋类（或鞋底层102）制造之后提供腔囊104的初始支撑，使得腔囊104可维持其展开的形状，如图1中所示。在没有固体支撑物114的情况下，例如在处理、运输或存储期间，当力被施加于腔囊104上时，腔囊104可能会塌陷，这可使将材料注入到腔囊104中更加困难。
如图1中所示，固体支撑物114具有大约为腔囊104的内腔106的高度的高度（即，在内腔106的高度的±5%或±10%或±20%之内）。
在一些示例中，固体支撑物114由可溶解材料形成，该可溶解材料当流体通过入口108注入到腔囊104的内腔106中时可被溶解。溶解固体可指如下转化过程，即：其中，固体被转化为溶质（溶解的组分），以形成流体和溶质的溶液。在一些示例中，固体支撑物114可由包括聚乙烯醇（PVA）的材料形成，该聚乙烯醇是水溶性合成聚合物。PVA固体支撑物114在不存在溶剂的情况下保持为固体。然而，一旦溶剂被引入到腔囊104的内腔106中，PVA固体支撑物114就溶解。在一些示例中，该溶剂可包括水。在其他示例中，该溶剂可包括温热的高碱性水基液体加上增稠剂，例如聚乙二醇。
注入到腔囊104的内腔106中以溶解PVA固体支撑物114的溶剂的量可以是不会充满腔囊104的整个内腔106的相对少的量。因此，一旦固体支撑物114在存在溶剂的情况下溶解，腔囊104的内腔106就仅被部分地填充，以允许在需要时将更多的材料注入到腔囊104的内腔106中。
固体支撑物114的其他示例性材料可包括非水合硅胶晶体、氯化钠或者可在存在例如水或其他流体之类的溶剂或任何其他类型的溶剂的情况下溶解的任何其他固体材料。
更一般而言，固体支撑物114的化学特性可被用于确定哪种溶剂将在溶解固体支撑物114方面有效。例如，该化学特性可以是固体支撑物114的pH，其中该pH确定哪种溶剂将有效地溶解固体支撑物114。
在固体支撑物114溶解之后，选定的材料可被注入到腔囊104的内腔106中。注入的材料可包括流体，例如液体或气体。在其他示例中，注入到腔囊104中的材料可包括泡沫、固体（例如，蜡、塑料等）或另一种材料。
在一些示例中，不同类型的材料可包括牛顿流体和非牛顿流体。牛顿流体的粘度独立于该流体的剪切速率。牛顿流体的示例包括水或空气。相比之下，非牛顿流体的粘度取决于剪切速率。大多数流体是非牛顿流体。一种类型的非牛顿流体是胀流型流体（或剪切增稠流体），其具有随剪切应变而增加的粘度。另一种类型的非牛顿流体是假塑性流体（或剪切稀化流体），其具有随剪切应变而降低的粘度。
在其他实施方式中，代替使用溶剂来溶解固体支撑物114，可对固体支撑物114施加机械力，以使固体支撑物114破碎成较小的碎片。例如，在选定的材料被注入到腔囊104的内腔106中以为使用者的脚定制支撑之后，施加机械力以使固体支撑物114破碎。可通过弯曲鞋类的包括鞋底层102的鞋底来施加该机械力。
图2是根据一些示例的固体支撑物114的俯视图。在图2中，固体支撑物114具有格子形状，其包括布置成行和列的材料条。在其他示例中，固体支撑物114可具有不同的形状或布置结构，只要固体支撑物114能够提供结构支撑来维持腔囊104的总体形状。
图3是具有多个腔囊304的鞋底层302的底视图。图4是鞋底层302的透视底视图。在图3和图4的示例中，五个腔囊被示出为鞋底层302的一部分。在不同的示例中，不同数量的腔囊可以是鞋底层302的一部分。每个腔囊304具有相应的入口306，其允许将材料注入到相应的腔囊304中。每个腔囊304和入口306可具有相应地类似于图1中所示的腔囊104和入口108的布置结构。
在一些示例中，鞋底层302的壳体结构可由两个聚乙烯膜形成，这两个聚乙烯膜可被密封在一起以形成腔囊304。在一些示例中，可使用超声密封工艺来密封这些膜。超声密封涉及将超声振动施加于聚乙烯膜，以将这些膜密封在一起。在其他示例中，可采用其他类型的膜或层来形成鞋底层302。
在一些示例中，在超声密封期间使用真空工艺来形成腔囊304。该真空工艺可用于排空鞋底层302内的腔室。
作为示例，图3和图4中所示的多个腔囊304可对应于使用者脚部的不同部分，包括脚跟、足弓、外足弓、跖骨和趾头套（toe box）。
当为单个使用者定制包括鞋底层302的鞋类时，可将选定的材料注入到腔囊304中。在一些示例中，可将相同类型的材料注入到每个腔囊304中。在其他示例中，第一类型的材料可被注入到腔囊304中的第一腔囊中，而不同的第二类型的材料可被注入到腔囊304中的第二腔囊中。
在另外的示例中，不必将材料注入到所有腔囊304中。腔囊304的子集可被留下不注入任何材料，而将固体支撑物114留在每个这样的腔囊304中。
针对个体使用者的对包括鞋底层302的鞋类的定制可在各种不同环境中的任何环境中发生。在零售商店环境中，可使用压力垫或其他类型的测量机构来测量使用者脚部的每个区域的轮廓。该压力垫可测量每只脚的不同部分所施加的压力。基于测得的压力，可确定将由鞋类的不同部分提供的支撑，这可导致决定将哪种材料注入到每个腔囊304中（或者是否不将任何材料注入到特定腔囊304中）。
在其他示例中，成像系统可用于捕捉使用者脚部的三维（3D）图像，并基于该3D图像，可决定要注入（或不注入）到相应腔囊304中的材料。
基于从对具有不同形状的脚且为不同的目的而使用鞋类的使用者进行的测试中收集的经验数据，可由人或计算机来决定哪些腔囊应注入材料，以及针对每个腔囊要使用哪种材料。
在其他示例中，使用鞋底层302的腔囊（或鞋底层102的腔囊104）的鞋类的定制可在鞋类制造商的工厂处或购买鞋类的使用者的家中发生。在使用者进行定制的示例中，用于注入到鞋底层302的腔囊中的材料可与鞋类、连同有关如何注入材料的说明一起被运送给使用者。例如，可为鞋类提供注入套件，其中，该注入套件可包括注射器或多个注射器（或其他类型的注入元件），该注射器可用于将材料注入到鞋底层302的相应腔囊304中。
如果使用者对已注入材料的特定腔囊（或多个腔囊）所提供的支撑表示不满意，零售商或制造商可将替换材料（可能与另一注入套件一起）发送给使用者，以替换先前注入到腔囊中的材料。
替换腔囊304中的材料可涉及从腔囊304中取出材料，并且用不同的材料来替换该材料。例如，可使用注射器从腔囊中取出材料，并且可使用不同的注射器将新的材料注入到腔囊中。
根据一些示例，鞋底层302可被制造为鞋类的鞋底的其他层的一部分。在这样的示例中，鞋底层302被附接到鞋类的鞋底的其他层。例如，图5示出了例如鞋或其他类型的鞋类的鞋类的鞋底500的各层的分解图。鞋底500的各层包括外鞋底层502、鞋底夹层504以及具有腔囊304的鞋底层302。
具有腔囊304的鞋底层302可被接收在鞋底夹层504的容器506中。因此，鞋底层302可驻留在鞋底夹层504的侧壁510内。在一些示例中，具有腔囊304的鞋底层302可完全地驻留在由鞋底夹层504的侧壁510限定的容器506内。
具有腔囊304的鞋底层302可被附连到鞋底夹层504的表面508（例如，上表面）。可通过使用粘合剂或其他类型的紧固件来执行鞋底层302到鞋底夹层504的表面508的附连。鞋底夹层504又通过粘合剂或不同的紧固件来附连到外鞋底层502。尽管仅示出了作为图5的鞋底500的一部分的几个鞋底层，但要注意的是，在其他示例中，可将不同数量的鞋底层设置为鞋底500的一部分。
外鞋底层502具有开口512，其与鞋底层302的入口306（图3）对准。如图5中进一步示出的，在鞋底夹层504中形成相应的开口514，这些开口514与外鞋底层502中的开口512以及外鞋底层502中的开口512对准。对准的开口512和514允许注入元件穿过相应的开口512、514，以通过鞋底层302的相应腔囊304的入口306来注入相应的材料。
在一些示例中，鞋底层302在鞋类的鞋帮安装之前被放置在鞋底夹层504上，其中，所述鞋帮是指鞋类的覆盖使用者的脚的上部部分的上部结构。鞋帮可由织物、皮革或任何其他类型的材料形成。
图6是示出了鞋底500的组装图，该鞋底500具有全部在组件中附接在一起的外鞋底层502、鞋底夹层504以及具有腔囊的鞋底层302。
图7是图6的鞋底500的底部透视图，其示出了在外鞋底层502的底表面704中形成的开口702。在图7的示例中，注入元件706被用于通过相应的开口512将材料注入到鞋底层302的腔囊中。在图7的示例中，注入元件706是具有针708的注射器，该针708可穿透相应入口（例如，图3中所示的306）的膜。
尽管图7仅示出了一个注入元件706，但要注意的是，在其他示例中，可使用多个注入元件将相应的材料输送到鞋底层302的相应腔囊304。
图8是包括为使用者定制（在802处）鞋类的鞋底层的过程的流程图。定制包括通过入口将材料注入（在804处）到鞋底层中的腔囊的内腔中，以为使用者的脚定制支撑，其中固体支撑物定位在腔囊的内腔中。该定制还包括在固体支撑物上施加（在806处）力，以使腔囊的内腔内部的固体支撑物破碎。
图9是形成用于鞋类的鞋底的过程的流程图。图9的过程包括提供（在902处）鞋底的鞋底层，该鞋底层包括具有内腔的腔囊，来接收通过入口注入的材料，以为使用者的脚定制支撑。图9的过程还包括在腔囊的内腔中布置（在904处）固体支撑物，该固体支撑物响应于施加的力而在腔囊的内腔内破碎。
在前面的描述中，阐述了许多细节，以提供对本文所公开的主题的理解。然而，可以在没有这些细节中的一些的情况下实践实施方式。其他实施方式可包括来自上面论述的细节的修改和变型。意在通过所附权利要求来覆盖这样的修改和变型。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于鞋类的鞋底层，包括：
壳体结构；
处于所述壳体结构中的腔囊；
固体支撑物，其处于所述腔囊内，以维持所述腔囊的形状；以及
所述腔囊的入口，所述入口接收注入的材料，以溶解所述固体支撑物。
2.如权利要求1所述的鞋底层，其特征在于，所述固体支撑物具有格子形状。
3.如权利要求1所述的鞋底层，其特征在于，所述腔囊是第一腔囊，所述固体支撑物是第一固体支撑物，并且所述入口是第一入口，所述鞋底层还包括：
处于所述壳体结构中的第二腔囊；
第二固体支撑物，其处于所述第二腔囊内，以维持所述第二腔囊的形状；以及
所述第二腔囊的第二入口，所述第二入口接收注入的材料，以溶解所述第二固体支撑物。
4.如权利要求3所述的鞋底层，其特征在于，所述第一腔囊和所述第二腔囊在所述第一固体支撑物和所述第二固体支撑物溶解之后通过所述第一入口和所述第二入口接收相应的材料。
5.如权利要求1所述的鞋底层，其特征在于，所述鞋底层在所述鞋类的制造期间作为所述鞋类的鞋底中的多个层的一部分附接。
6.一种组件，包括：
鞋类，其包括包含多个层的鞋底，所述多个层中的第一层包括：
多个腔囊；
处于所述多个腔囊中的相应腔囊内的固体支撑物；以及
所述相应腔囊的入口，所述入口接收注入的材料，以溶解所述固体支撑物。
7.如权利要求6所述的组件，其特征在于，在所述固体支撑物溶解时，所述入口接收附加的材料以填充所述相应腔囊。
8.如权利要求7所述的组件，其特征在于，另外的材料选自流体、泡沫、塑料和蜡之中。
9.如权利要求7所述的组件，其特征在于，所述相应腔囊中的至少两个腔囊中的另外的材料具有不同的类型。
10.如权利要求6所述的组件，其特征在于，所述入口包括自密封膜。
11.如权利要求6所述的组件，其特征在于，用于溶解所述固体支撑物的注入的材料包括液体。
12.如权利要求6所述的组件，还包括注入套件，所述注入套件包括注入元件，以在所述多个腔囊中的第一腔囊中的所述固体支撑物溶解之后将第一材料注入到所述第一腔囊中。
13.如权利要求12所述的组件，其特征在于，所述注入套件还包括第二注入元件，以在所述多个腔囊中的第二腔囊中的所述固体支撑物溶解之后将第二材料注入到所述第二腔囊中，其中，所述第一材料不同于所述第二材料。
14. 一种形成用于鞋类的鞋底的方法，包括：
提供所述鞋底的鞋底层，所述鞋底层包括腔囊，所述腔囊包括内腔，来接收通过入口注入的材料，以为使用者的脚定制支撑；以及
在所述腔囊的所述内腔中布置固体支撑物，所述固体支撑物响应于施加的力而在所述腔囊的所述内腔内破碎。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述固体支撑物在破碎之前提供支撑以防止所述腔囊塌陷。
CN201780091876.3A 2017-04-10 2017-04-10 鞋类中具有腔囊的层 Expired - Fee Related CN110831454B (zh)

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