CN110829025B - Antenna module, terminal and method for adjusting antenna isolation - Google Patents
Antenna module, terminal and method for adjusting antenna isolation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110829025B CN110829025B CN201911116870.4A CN201911116870A CN110829025B CN 110829025 B CN110829025 B CN 110829025B CN 201911116870 A CN201911116870 A CN 201911116870A CN 110829025 B CN110829025 B CN 110829025B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/2258—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles used with computer equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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Abstract
The application discloses an antenna module, a terminal and an antenna isolation adjusting method, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The antenna module includes: the antenna comprises a first feed part, a second feed part, a 180-degree hybrid network, a first antenna and a second antenna; the 180 ° hybrid network comprises a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port; the 180 DEG hybrid network comprises at least one regulating circuit which is used for changing the coupling degree of the 180 DEG hybrid network; the output end of the first feeding part is connected with the first port, and the output end of the second feeding part is connected with the fourth port; the second port is connected to the first antenna and the third port is connected to the second antenna. In the antenna module that this application provided, can change 180 hybrid network's coupling degree through the regulating circuit who adjusts in 180 hybrid network, and then change antenna module's antenna isolation, flexibility when increasing antenna module transmission signal has improved signal transmission's reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to an antenna module, a terminal, and a method for adjusting an antenna isolation.
Background
With the rapid development of the antenna technology field, the quality requirements of people for communication by adopting an antenna in a terminal in a communication process are higher and higher.
In the related art, MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology has the advantages of reducing channel fading by using a transceiver system composed of Multiple transmitting antennas and Multiple receiving antennas and improving the utilization rate of frequency bands without increasing transmission power and bandwidth, and correspondingly employs MIMO antennas in various terminals for communication.
For each antenna in the MIMO antenna, the limitation of space is limited when the terminal is designed, so that interference exists between the antennas, and the reliability of signal transmission is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an antenna module, a terminal and an antenna isolation adjusting method, which can change the isolation among antennas of MIMO and improve the reliability of signal transmission. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna module, where the antenna module includes: the antenna comprises a first feed part, a second feed part, a 180-degree hybrid network, a first antenna and a second antenna;
the 180 ° hybrid network comprises a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port;
the 180 DEG hybrid network comprises at least one adjusting circuit which is used for changing the coupling degree of the 180 DEG hybrid network;
the output end of the first feeding part is connected with the first port, and the output end of the second feeding part is connected with the fourth port;
the second port is connected with the first antenna, and the third port is connected with the second antenna.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, where the terminal includes at least one antenna module according to the above aspect.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna isolation adjustment method, where the method is performed by a terminal according to the above aspect, and the method includes:
acquiring the isolation requirement of a first radio frequency signal;
acquiring a target coupling degree according to the isolation degree requirement;
and adjusting the coupling degree of the 180-degree hybrid network to the target coupling degree, so as to change the isolation degree of the antenna module for transmitting the first radio-frequency signal by the terminal.
The beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application at least comprise:
the first feed part in the antenna module is connected with a first port of the 180-degree hybrid network, the second feed part is connected with a fourth port of the 180-degree hybrid network, a second port is connected with the first antenna, a third port is connected with the second antenna, the 180-degree hybrid network comprises at least one adjusting circuit, and the adjusting circuit is used for changing the coupling degree of the 180-degree hybrid network. In the antenna module that this application provided, can change 180 hybrid network's coupling degree through changing at least one regulating circuit who contains in the 180 hybrid network, and then change antenna module's isolation, flexibility when having increased antenna module transmission signal has improved signal transmission's reliability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a terminal for transmitting data according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid ring network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a tapered matchline network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid waveguide junction network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a 180 hybrid network in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a circuit schematic of yet another 180 hybrid network to which an exemplary embodiment of the present application relates;
FIG. 10 is a circuit schematic of a 180 hybrid network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating scattering parameter changes for a first antenna and a second antenna of FIG. 11 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a graph of scattering parameter changes for another first antenna and second antenna of FIG. 11 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 14 is a graph illustrating the overall system efficiency variation of an exemplary embodiment of the present application with respect to a first antenna and a second antenna of FIG. 11;
FIG. 15 is a graph illustrating the overall system efficiency change of another first antenna and second antenna of FIG. 11 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIGS. 16-19 are graphs illustrating scattering parameters for several of the first and second antennas of FIG. 11 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 21 is a flowchart of a method for adjusting antenna isolation according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.
The scheme provided by the application can be used in a real scene of transmitting signals through the MIMO antenna when people use the terminal adopting the MIMO antenna in daily life, and for convenience of understanding, some terms and application scenes related to the embodiment of the application are firstly and simply introduced below.
MIMO technology: the method is a technology for performing space diversity by using a plurality of transmitting antennas and receiving antennas at a transmitting end and a receiving end respectively, adopts a discrete multi-antenna, and can decompose a communication link into a plurality of parallel sub-channels, thereby improving the capacity of transmitting or receiving signals.
Isolation degree: among the antennas included in the MIMO antenna, when the first antenna transmits a signal of a certain frequency band, the second antenna receives the signal strength of the first antenna, and the magnitude of the signal strength of the frequency band transmitted by the first antenna received by the second antenna may be referred to as an isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna in the frequency band.
The correlation of the MIMO antenna includes both signal correlation and envelope correlation, the former refers to the relationship between signals received from other antennas, and the latter refers to the degree of similarity between signals. Good antenna diversity in MIMO systems ensures high communication capacity, the diversity effect depending on the antenna correlation. Generally, for convenience of research, an Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) is used to calculate the Correlation between antenna elements. The most common calculation methods at present are mainly two, one of which is:
wherein S is11、S22Representing the impedance matching of the antenna elements, S21、S12Indicating the degree of isolation, S, between the antenna elementsT 11Denotes S11Transposed result of (1), ST 21Denotes S21The transposed result of (eta)radRepresenting the radiation efficiency of the antenna.
As can be seen from equation (1), the size of the ECC is mainly related to the impedance matching of the antenna elements, the radiation efficiency of the antenna, and the isolation between the antenna elements. For MIMO antennas, impedance matching and radiation efficiency do not have much impact on ECC, and isolation is a key factor in determining ECC. Therefore, it is important to reduce the coupling of the antenna elements and improve the isolation of the antenna.
In daily life, people can use the terminal to work, study, entertain and the like. The user may transmit various data through an antenna in the terminal, for example, the user may send information such as a picture and a video taken by the user to another terminal, or the user may perform a voice call, a video call, and the like with another user through the terminal to transmit voice data or video data.
Please refer to fig. 1, which shows a schematic view of an application scenario of a terminal transmitting data according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, a number of terminals 110 are included.
Alternatively, the terminal 110 may be a terminal in which a MIMO antenna is installed. For example, the terminal may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an e-book reader, smart glasses, a smart watch, an MP3 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III, motion Picture Experts compression standard Audio Layer 3), an MP4 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV, motion Picture Experts compression standard Audio Layer 4), a notebook computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, and the like.
Optionally, different users may use different terminals to transmit signals to other terminals through MIMO antennas in the terminals themselves, for example, the terminal MIMO antennas may work in a Sub-6GHz band, which may also be referred to as Sub-6GHz antennas, under this condition, there is a strong mutual coupling problem between the antennas of the terminals, for the corresponding terminals, the isolation between the antennas is generally fixed and unchanged, when the terminals send signals, and the requirement for the isolation of the antennas is higher, the terminals cannot meet higher requirements, resulting in poor flexibility when the terminal antennas transmit signals, and reducing reliability in the data transmission process.
In order to improve the flexibility of the terminal antenna when transmitting signals and increase the reliability of signal transmission, the application provides a solution, which can reduce the mutual influence between the respective corresponding feed ports of the antennas for transmitting signals and improve the efficiency of antenna signal transmission when the terminal adopts the MIMO antenna to transmit signals. Please refer to fig. 2, which illustrates a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The antenna module provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the terminal in the application scenario shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 2, the antenna module 200 includes a first feeding portion 201, a second feeding portion 202, a 180 ° hybrid network 203, a first antenna 204, and a second antenna 205;
wherein the 180 ° hybrid network 203 comprises a first port 203a, a second port 203b, a third port 203c and a fourth port 203 d; the output end of the first feeding part is connected with the first port 203a, and the output end of the second feeding part is connected with the fourth port 203 d; the second port 203b is connected to the first antenna 204 and the third port 203c is connected to the second antenna 205.
The 180 ° hybrid network 203 includes at least one regulating circuit that can be used to vary the degree of coupling of the 180 ° hybrid network.
When the first radio-frequency signal is emitted from the output end of the first feeding portion or the output end of the second feeding portion, the isolation of the antenna module is adjusted by changing the coupling degree of the 180-degree hybrid network 203. That is, the rf signal may enter the 180 ° hybrid network 203 from the first feeding portion 201 or the second feeding portion 202, and then be transmitted through the first antenna 204 and the second antenna 205. The antenna module can adjust at least one adjusting circuit contained in the 180-degree hybrid network 203, and the isolation of the antenna module is changed, so that the antenna module can successfully transmit a first radio-frequency signal, and the flexibility of the antenna module in signal transmission is improved. Optionally, the first radio frequency signal may be a signal of any frequency band transmitted by the terminal.
In summary, the first feeding portion of the antenna module is connected to the first port of the 180 ° hybrid network, the second feeding portion is connected to the fourth port of the 180 ° hybrid network, the second port is connected to the first antenna, the third port is connected to the second antenna, and the 180 ° hybrid network includes at least one adjusting circuit for changing the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network. In the antenna module that this application provided, can change 180 hybrid network's coupling degree through changing at least one regulating circuit who contains in the 180 hybrid network, and then change antenna module's isolation, flexibility when having increased antenna module transmission signal has improved signal transmission's reliability.
In a possible implementation manner, the antenna module further includes at least one matching circuit, each matching circuit may be connected to the 180 ° hybrid network according to actual requirements, and the scheme shown in fig. 2 is described by taking an example that four matching circuits are respectively connected to four ports of the 180 ° hybrid network.
Please refer to fig. 3, which illustrates a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to the terminal in the application scenario shown in fig. 1, that is, may be used in an MIMO system. As shown in fig. 3, the antenna module 400 includes a first feeding portion 301, a second feeding portion 302, a 180 ° hybrid network 303, a first antenna 304, a second antenna 305, a first matching circuit 306, a second matching circuit 307, a third matching circuit 308, and a fourth matching circuit 309;
the 180 ° hybrid network 303 includes a first port 303a, a second port 303b, a third port 303c, and a fourth port 303 d. The output end of the first feeding part 301 is connected with the input end of the first matching circuit 306, and the output end of the first matching circuit 306 is connected with the first port 303 a; the output end of the second feeding part 302 is connected with the input end of the fourth matching circuit 309, and the output end of the fourth matching circuit 309 is connected with the fourth port 303 d; the second port 303b is connected to an input terminal of a second matching circuit 307, and an output terminal of the second matching circuit 307 is connected to the first antenna 304; the third port 303c is connected to an input of a third matching circuit 308, and an output of the third matching circuit 308 is connected to the second antenna 305.
Optionally, each matching circuit is used to implement impedance matching between two connected devices. For example, for the first matching circuit 306, the first matching circuit 306 may function to achieve impedance matching between the output terminal of the first feeding section 301 and the first port 303 a; for the fourth matching circuit 309, the fourth matching circuit 309 may function to achieve impedance matching between the output end of the second feeding section 302 and the fourth port 303 d; for the second matching circuit 307, the second matching circuit 307 may function to achieve impedance matching between the second port 303b and the first antenna 304; for the third matching circuit 308, the third matching circuit 308 may function to achieve impedance matching between the third port 303c and the second antenna 305.
Optionally, any one of the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit, the third matching circuit and the fourth matching circuit may each include at least one capacitive device and/or at least one inductive device. That is, for the respective matching circuits described above, each may include at least one capacitive device and/or at least one inductive device. In one possible implementation, the first matching circuit 306 is identical to the fourth matching circuit 309 in component elements, and the second matching circuit 307 is identical to the third matching circuit 308 in component elements.
Referring to fig. 4, a circuit diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 4, a first feeding section 401, a second feeding section 402, a 180 ° hybrid network 403, a first antenna 404, a second antenna 405, a first matching circuit 406, a second matching circuit 407, a third matching circuit 408, and a fourth matching circuit 409 are included. In fig. 4, the first matching circuit 406 includes a first inductor 410 and a first capacitor 411, wherein the 180 ° hybrid network 403 further includes a first port 403a, a second port 403b, a third port 403c and a fourth port 403 d. A first terminal of the first inductor 410 is connected to the first feeding section 401, a first terminal of the first capacitor 411 is connected to ground, and a second terminal of the first inductor 410 is connected to a second terminal of the first capacitor 411 and to the first port 403a of the 180 ° hybrid network 403.
The second matching circuit 407 comprises a second capacitor 412, wherein a first terminal of the second capacitor 412 is connected to the second port 403b of the 180 ° hybrid network 403, and a second terminal of the second capacitor 412 is connected to the first antenna 404.
The third matching circuit 408 comprises a third capacitor 413, wherein a first terminal of the third capacitor 413 is connected to the third port 403c of the 180 ° hybrid network 403, and a second terminal of the third capacitor 413 is connected to the second antenna 405.
The fourth matching circuit 409 comprises a second inductor 414 and a fourth capacitor 415, wherein a second terminal of the second inductor 414 is connected to the fourth port 403d of the 180 ° hybrid network 403, a first terminal of the fourth capacitor 415 is connected to ground, and a first terminal of the fourth capacitor 415 is connected to the first terminal of the second inductor 414 and to the second feeding portion 402.
That is, the first matching circuit and the fourth matching circuit realize impedance matching between the first feeding unit and the 180 ° hybrid network by matching of an inductor and a capacitor, and the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit realize impedance matching between the 180 ° hybrid network and the first antenna and between the 180 ° hybrid network and the second antenna, respectively, by the function of a capacitor device. It should be noted that the configuration of the matching circuit shown in fig. 4 is only illustrated by way of example, and the specific configuration structure of the matching circuit is not limited, that is, the number of the capacitive devices and the inductive devices may be increased or decreased according to actual requirements, and the connection mode of the matching circuit may be changed, so as to implement impedance matching for the connection ports between the first feeding portion, the second feeding portion, the 180 ° hybrid network, the first antenna, and the second antenna.
Alternatively, taking the self-coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network in fig. 4 as 3dB (decibel), the values of the capacitance devices and the inductance devices in fig. 4 may be as follows: the first inductance is 5nH (millihenry), the first electric capacity is 0.3pF (picofarad), the second electric capacity is 1.2pF, the third electric capacity is 1.2pF, the second inductance is 0.6nH, the fourth electric capacity is 2 pF.
Optionally, the 180 ° hybrid network provided in the embodiment of the present application may operate at an out-of-phase output or an in-phase output. When a signal is input through the first port of the 180-degree hybrid network, the signal is uniformly divided into two in-phase components at the second port and the third port, and then the two in-phase components are transmitted through the antennas respectively connected with the second port and the third port, at the moment, the fourth port is isolated, namely, the fourth port is an isolation port. When a signal is input through the fourth port of the 180 ° hybrid network, the signal is uniformly divided into two out-of-phase components (with a phase difference of 180 °) at the second port and the third port, and then the two out-of-phase components are transmitted through the antennas respectively connected to the second port and the third port, at this time, the first port is isolated, that is, the first port is an isolated port. Therefore, the signals of the first feeding part and the second feeding part are inhibited through the 180-degree hybrid network, and the coupling degree between the output ends of the first feeding part and the second feeding part is improved. Alternatively, the scattering matrix S of a 180 ° hybrid network with a coupling degree of 3dB involved in the present application can be expressed as follows:
where, -j is an imaginary number.
In fig. 4, the rf signal may enter the 180 ° hybrid network 403 from the first feeding portion 401 or the second feeding portion 402, and then be transmitted through the first antenna 404 and the second antenna 405. When a first radio-frequency signal is emitted from the output end of the first feeding portion 401, the first port 403a is a signal input port, the second port 403b and the third port 403c are signal output ports, and the fourth port 403d is an isolation port; at this time, the phase difference between the output signals from the second port 403b and the third port 403c is 0 °, i.e., in-phase output. That is, when a first radio frequency signal is emitted from the output terminal of the first feeding section 401, and is input into the 180 ° hybrid network 403 from the first port 403a, the phase difference between the output signals from the second port 403b and the third port 403c is 0 °.
When the first rf signal is transmitted from the output end of the second feeding portion 402, the fourth port 403d is a signal input port, the second port 403b and the third port 403c are signal output ports, and the first port 403a is an isolation port; at this time, the phase difference between the output signals from the second port 403b and the third port 403c is 180 °. That is, when the first radio frequency signal is emitted from the output terminal of the second feeding section 402 and is input into the 180 ° hybrid network 403 from the fourth port 403d, the phase difference between the output signals from the second port 403b and the third port 403c is 180 °. Optionally, the 180 ° hybrid network in fig. 3 may also operate according to the operation method herein, which is not described herein again.
Optionally, the 180 ° hybrid network may be any one of a ring hybrid network, a gradual change match line network, a gradual change coupling line network, a hybrid waveguide junction network, or a magic T network. Referring to fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of a ring hybrid network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 5, the ring hybrid network 500 includes a first port 501, a second port 502, a third port 503, and a fourth port 504, and after a signal is input into the ring hybrid network 500 from the first port 501, the ring hybrid network 500 can uniformly divide the signal into two in-phase components, which are output by the second port 502 and the third port 503 with equal amplitude and in-phase, and at this time, the fourth port 504 is isolated, i.e., there is no output nor input. After the signal is input into the ring hybrid network 500 from the fourth port 504, the ring hybrid network 500 can uniformly divide the signal into two opposite-phase components, and the two opposite-phase components are output by the second port 502 and the third port 503 in a constant-amplitude and opposite-phase manner, and at this time, the first port 501 is isolated, i.e., there is no output nor input.
Referring to fig. 6, a schematic diagram of a graded match line network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 6, the gradual-change matchline network 600 includes a first port 601, a second port 602, a third port 603, and a fourth port 604, wherein the operation of the gradual-change matchline network 600 may refer to the description of fig. 5, and is not described herein again. Alternatively, the tapered matchline network may also be referred to as a tapered coupled-line network. Reference is made to fig. 7, which is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a hybrid waveguide junction network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, the hybrid waveguide junction network 700 includes a first port 701, a second port 702, a third port 703, and a fourth port 704, wherein the operation of the hybrid waveguide junction network 700 may also refer to the description of fig. 5, and will not be described herein again. Alternatively, the hybrid waveguide junction network may also be referred to as a magic-T network.
The 180 ° hybrid network 303 includes at least one adjusting circuit, and the adjusting circuit is used to change the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network. Optionally, the adjusting circuit includes at least one adjusting device, and the adjusting device is any one of a variable capacitor, a variable inductor, or a switching device. When the first radio-frequency signal is sent out from the output end of the first feeding portion or the output end of the second feeding portion, the antenna module can change the coupling degree of the 180-degree hybrid network through the adjusting circuit, and the isolation degree of the antenna module is adjusted. In a possible implementation manner, when the adjusting device in the adjusting circuit is a variable inductor, and the first radio frequency signal is emitted from the output end of the first feeding portion or the output end of the second feeding portion, the variable inductor is used for changing the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network, that is, by changing the variable inductor of at least one adjusting circuit in the 180 ° hybrid network, the isolation degree of the antenna module is adjusted. Referring to fig. 8, a partial circuit schematic of a 180 ° hybrid network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 8, at least one regulating circuit 801 is included in a 180 ° hybrid network 800, each of which includes at least one variable inductor 802. The antenna module can adjust the variable inductance 802 on the adjusting circuit 801 in the 180 ° hybrid network 800, thereby changing the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network 800.
In a possible implementation manner, when the adjusting device in the adjusting circuit is a variable capacitor, and the first radio frequency signal is emitted from the output end of the first feeding portion or the output end of the second feeding portion, the variable capacitor is used for changing the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network, that is, the isolation degree of the antenna module is adjusted by changing the variable capacitor of at least one adjusting circuit in the 180 ° hybrid network. Referring to fig. 9, a partial circuit schematic of yet another 180 ° hybrid network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 9, at least one adjusting circuit 901 is included in a 180 ° hybrid network 900, and each adjusting circuit includes at least one variable capacitor 902. The antenna module can adjust the variable capacitor 902 on the adjusting circuit 901 in the 180 ° hybrid network 900, thereby changing the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network 900.
In a possible implementation manner, when the adjusting device in the adjusting circuit is a switching device, and the first radio frequency signal is emitted from the output end of the first feeding portion or the output end of the second feeding portion, the switching device is configured to change the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network, that is, adjust the isolation degree of the antenna module by changing the operating state of the switching device of at least one adjusting circuit in the 180 ° hybrid network, where the operating state of the switching device includes a closed state and an open state. Referring to fig. 10, a partial circuit schematic of a 180 ° hybrid network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 10, at least one regulating circuit 1001 is included in a 180 ° hybrid network 1000, and each regulating circuit includes at least one switching device 1002. The antenna module can adjust the operating state of the switching device 1002 on the adjusting circuit 1001 in the 180 ° hybrid network 1000, thereby changing the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network 1000.
Alternatively, the schemes shown in fig. 8 to 10 may be combined in any form, that is, multiple adjusting devices may exist in one adjusting circuit, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. Optionally, when the adjusting device includes at least two of a variable inductor, a variable capacitor, and a switching device, and the first radio frequency signal is transmitted from the output end of the first feeding portion or the output end of the second feeding portion, the isolation of the antenna module may be adjusted by changing various variable devices included in the 180 ° hybrid network.
In a possible implementation manner, the first antenna and the second antenna included in the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application are inverted-F antennas. That is, in the terminal, the transmitting ends of the first antenna and the second antenna are opposite, and the first antenna and the second antenna may be designed on the same ground plane, and input the antenna signal to be transmitted through the respective feeding ports. Referring to fig. 11, which shows a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 11, an antenna module 1100 includes a first feeding unit 1101, a second feeding unit 1102, a 180 ° hybrid network 1103, a first antenna 1104, a second antenna 1105, a matching Circuit 1106, and a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) 1107.
The first feeding portion 1101 may be connected to the first port of the 180 ° hybrid network 1103 through the matching circuit 1106, the second feeding portion 1102 may be connected to the fourth port of the 180 ° hybrid network 1103 through the matching circuit 1106, the third port of the 180 ° hybrid network 1103 may be connected to the first antenna 1104 through the matching circuit 1106, and the fourth port of the 180 ° hybrid network 1103 may be connected to the second antenna 1105 through the matching circuit 1106. Optionally, the first antenna 1104 includes a first antenna feed point 1104a, the second antenna 1105 includes a second antenna feed point 1105a, a third port of the 180 ° hybrid network 1103 may be connected to the first antenna feed point 1104a of the first antenna 1104 through a matching circuit 1106, and a fourth port of the 180 ° hybrid network 1103 may be connected to the second antenna feed point 1105a of the second antenna 1105 through the matching circuit 1106.
A Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit (RFIC) on the PCB may input a Radio Frequency signal into the 180 ° hybrid network 1103 through the first feeding unit 1101 or the second feeding unit 1102, and then radiate the Radio Frequency signal out through the transmitting terminals of the first antenna 1104 and the second antenna 1105, and the working principle of the 180 ° hybrid network 1103 may refer to the above description, which is not repeated herein.
Referring to fig. 12, a graph illustrating scattering parameter variation of a first antenna and a second antenna according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown, referring to fig. 11. As shown in fig. 12, a scattering parameter curve 1201 between the first antenna and the second antenna, a scattering parameter curve 1202 between the first antenna and the second antenna, and a first sampling point 1203 are included. Here, since the scattering parameter curve between the second antenna and the second antenna coincides with the scattering parameter curve 1201, and the scattering parameter curve between the second antenna and the first antenna coincides with the scattering parameter curve 1202, it is not shown in fig. 12. As can be seen from the first sampling point 1203 in fig. 12, when the first antenna transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6GHz, the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna is-24.755 dB.
Referring to fig. 13, a graph of variation of scattering parameters of another first antenna and second antenna related to fig. 11 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 13, a scattering parameter curve 1301 between the first antenna and the second antenna, a scattering parameter curve 1302 between the first antenna and the second antenna, and a first sampling point 1303 are included. Since the scattering parameter curve between the second antenna and the second antenna coincides with the scattering parameter curve 1301 and the scattering parameter curve between the second antenna and the first antenna coincides with the scattering parameter curve 1302, they are not shown in fig. 13. Fig. 13 is a graph of the results of detecting scattering parameters of the first antenna and the second antenna after the 180 ° hybrid network in fig. 11 is removed, and it can be known from the first sampling point 1303 in fig. 13 that when the first antenna transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6GHz, the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna is-4.0094 dB. It is apparent from a comparison between fig. 12 and 13 that the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna can be improved by adding a 180 ° hybrid network.
Referring to fig. 14, a graph illustrating the total system efficiency variation of an exemplary embodiment of the present application with respect to a first antenna and a second antenna of fig. 11 is shown. As shown in fig. 14, the total system efficiency curve 1401 of the first antenna, the total system efficiency curve 1402 of the second antenna, the first sampling point 1403 and the second sampling point 1404 are included. As can be seen from the first sampling point 1403 in fig. 14, when the first antenna transmits a signal at a frequency of 3.6GHz, the total system efficiency of the first antenna is-0.068147 dB. From the second sampling point 1404 in fig. 14, it can be seen that the total system efficiency of the second antenna is-0.23822 dB when the second antenna transmits a signal at a frequency of 3.6 GHz.
Referring to fig. 15, a graph illustrating a change in overall system efficiency of another first antenna and second antenna related to fig. 11 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 15, a total system efficiency curve 1501 for a first antenna, a total system efficiency curve 1502 for a second antenna, first sampling points 1503 and second sampling points 1504 are included. Fig. 15 is a graph of the result of detecting the total system efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna after the 180 ° hybrid network in fig. 11 is removed, and it can be known from the first sampling point 1503 in fig. 15 that the total system efficiency of the first antenna is-4.25 dB when the first antenna transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6 GHz. As can be seen from the second sampling point 1504 in fig. 15, the total system efficiency of the second antenna is-3.9 dB when the second antenna transmits a signal at a frequency of 3.6 GHz. It is clear from a comparison between fig. 14 and 15 that the overall system efficiency of each of the first and second antennas can also be improved by adding a 180 ° hybrid network.
Referring to fig. 16-19, graphs illustrating scattering parameters of several first and second antennas of fig. 11 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application are shown. Wherein fig. 16 is a graph showing variation in scattering parameters of the first and second antennas when the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network shown in fig. 11 is 2 dB. As shown in fig. 16, a scattering parameter curve 1601 of the first antenna and the second antenna and sampling points 1602 are included therein. Fig. 17 is a graph showing changes in scattering parameters of the first and second antennas when the coupling degree of the 180 hybrid network shown in fig. 11 is 2.5 dB. As shown in fig. 17, a scattering parameter curve 1701 of the first antenna and the second antenna and a sampling point 1702 are included. Fig. 18 is a graph showing changes in scattering parameters of the first and second antennas when the coupling degree of the 180 hybrid network shown in fig. 11 is 3.5 dB. As shown in fig. 18, a scattering parameter curve 1801 of the first antenna and the second antenna and a sampling point 1802 are included. Fig. 19 is a graph showing changes in scattering parameters of the first and second antennas when the coupling degree of the 180 hybrid network shown in fig. 11 is 4.5 dB. As shown in fig. 19, a scattering parameter curve 1901 of the first antenna and the second antenna and a sampling point 1902 are included therein. As can be seen from the sampling points 1602 in fig. 16, when the antenna module transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6GHz, the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna is-8.2259 dB; as can be seen from the sampling points 1702 in fig. 17, when the antenna module transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6GHz, the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna is-12.667 dB; as can be seen by sampling points 1802 in fig. 18, the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna is-17.358 dB when the antenna module transmits a signal having a frequency of 3.6GHz, and as can be seen by sampling points 1902 in fig. 19, the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna is-11.371 dB when the antenna module transmits a signal having a frequency of 3.6 GHz.
From the above analysis, the antenna module provided by the present application can change the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna by changing the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network. It should be noted that the design forms of the first antenna and the second antenna included in the antenna module provided in the foregoing embodiment are also exemplary, and for a radiation scheme of multiple antennas in a MIMO system, the 180 ° hybrid network provided in this application may be also used to achieve improvement of the antenna isolation, and the arrangement form of the specific antenna in this embodiment is not limited in this application.
In summary, the first feeding portion of the antenna module is connected to the first port of the 180 ° hybrid network, the second feeding portion is connected to the fourth port of the 180 ° hybrid network, the second port is connected to the first antenna, the third port is connected to the second antenna, and the 180 ° hybrid network includes at least one adjusting circuit for changing the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network. In the antenna module that this application provided, can change 180 hybrid network's coupling degree through changing at least one regulating circuit who contains in the 180 hybrid network, and then change antenna module's isolation, flexibility when having increased antenna module transmission signal has improved signal transmission's reliability.
In addition, the 180-degree hybrid network adopted by the application can also provide a suppression function for the signal sent out by the output end of the first feeding part, and the signal is suppressed from flowing into the second feeding part, so that the coupling between the ports of the two feeding parts is caused, and the isolation between the antenna ports is improved.
Referring to fig. 20, a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 20, the terminal 2000 includes a first antenna module 2001, a second antenna module 2002, a third antenna module 2003 and a fourth antenna module 2004, and a plurality of antenna modules may share a same ground plane 2005. The first antenna module 2001, the second antenna module 2002, the third antenna module 2003 and the fourth antenna module 2004 may all adopt the antenna module provided in fig. 2 or fig. 3. Optionally, when the terminal uses one or two antenna modules to transmit data such as messages and videos, the terminal may suppress the coupling degree between the ports through a 180 ° hybrid network in each antenna module according to the frequency transmitted in the actual antenna module, thereby improving the isolation between the multiple antennas included in the antenna module and achieving a better transmission effect.
For example, when the terminal needs to transmit a sub-6GHz band signal to the outside by using the first feeding portion in the first antenna module, the 180 ° hybrid network in the first antenna module can adjust the fourth port in an isolated state, reduce coupling between the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion, and improve isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna.
In summary, the first feeding portion of the antenna module is connected to the first port of the 180 ° hybrid network, the second feeding portion is connected to the fourth port of the 180 ° hybrid network, the second port is connected to the first antenna, the third port is connected to the second antenna, and the 180 ° hybrid network includes at least one adjusting circuit for changing the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network. In the antenna module that this application provided, can change 180 hybrid network's coupling degree through changing at least one regulating circuit who contains in the 180 hybrid network, and then change antenna module's isolation, flexibility when having increased antenna module transmission signal has improved signal transmission's reliability.
Referring to fig. 21, a flowchart of a method for adjusting antenna isolation according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 21, the method is applied to the terminal shown in fig. 20 and executed by the terminal. The method for adjusting the isolation of the antenna can comprise the following steps:
Optionally, when the terminal transmits the first radio frequency signal, the terminal may obtain an isolation requirement of the first radio frequency signal according to the first radio frequency signal. In a possible implementation manner, the terminal may obtain a program source that transmits the first radio frequency signal, obtain a type of the program source, and obtain an isolation requirement corresponding to the program source according to the type of the program source. For example, each application program is installed in the terminal, and each application program needs to call an antenna module in the terminal to send information in the running process, and at this time, each application program may be a program source.
A table corresponding to the type of the application program and the isolation requirement may be stored in the terminal in advance, please refer to table 1, which shows a table corresponding to the type of the application program and the isolation requirement according to an embodiment of the present application.
TABLE 1
When an application program in the terminal needs to send a first radio frequency signal through the antenna module, the terminal may obtain a program type of the application program one, for example, if the application program is the type one, the terminal may query the table 1 according to the type one, so that the isolation requirement when the first radio frequency signal is sent this time is obtained as the isolation one.
Optionally, after obtaining the isolation requirement of the signal sent this time, the terminal may obtain the target coupling degree according to the isolation requirement. Optionally, a correspondence table between the isolation degree and the coupling degree may also be stored in the terminal. Please refer to table 2, which shows a table of correspondence between isolation and coupling according to an embodiment of the present application.
| Isolation requirement | Degree of |
| Isolation degree | |
| 1 | Degree of coupling of one |
| Isolation degree two | Degree of coupling two |
| Isolation degree three | Degree of coupling three |
| …… | …… |
TABLE 2
When the terminal acquires the current isolation requirement, the terminal can acquire the corresponding coupling degree through the lookup table 2, and the coupling degree is the target coupling degree. For example, if the isolation requirement obtained by the terminal through the above steps is isolation one, the terminal may query the table 2 according to the isolation one, so as to obtain that the target coupling degree is coupling one. Optionally, in practical application, the isolation requirement and the coupling degree in tables 1 and 2 may be an interval, and the terminal may randomly use any value in the interval as the acquired isolation or coupling degree, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
Because the antenna module of the terminal related in the embodiment of the application comprises the 180-degree hybrid network, the terminal can adjust the coupling degree of the 180-degree hybrid network, so that the isolation degree of the antenna module is changed. As in the embodiments shown in fig. 2 or fig. 3, the terminal may adjust the adjusting device included in the 180 ° hybrid network to adjust the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network to the target coupling degree. Optionally, if the target coupling degree is an interval, the terminal may adjust the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network to an interval corresponding to the target coupling degree.
In a possible implementation manner, when the 180 ° hybrid network shown in fig. 2 or fig. 3 includes at least one adjusting circuit, and the adjusting circuit may further include at least one adjusting device, for example, the adjusting device is a variable inductor, a variable capacitor, or a switching device, and the terminal may also adjust the coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network to the target coupling degree by adjusting the adjusting device included in the 180 ° hybrid network.
In summary, the terminal obtains the isolation requirement of the first radio frequency signal; acquiring a target coupling degree according to the isolation degree requirement; and adjusting the coupling degree of the 180-degree hybrid network to a target coupling degree, and adjusting the isolation degree of the antenna module for transmitting the first radio-frequency signal by the terminal. Therefore, the function of changing the isolation of the antenna module in the terminal is realized, the flexibility of the antenna module in signal transmission is improved, and the reliability of signal transmission is improved.
It should be understood that reference herein to "and/or" describing an association of case objects means that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna module is characterized in that the antenna module comprises a first feed part, a second feed part, a 180-degree hybrid network, a first antenna and a second antenna, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are inverted-F antennas with opposite transmitting ends;
the 180 ° hybrid network comprises a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, the first port and the fourth port are isolated ports, when the first port is isolated, the first port has neither input nor output, and when the fourth port is isolated, the fourth port has neither input nor output;
the 180-degree hybrid network comprises at least one regulating circuit, the regulating circuit is used for changing the coupling degree of the 180-degree hybrid network when a first radio-frequency signal is sent out from the output end of the first feeding part or the output end of the second feeding part, the changed coupling degree corresponds to an isolation degree requirement, the isolation degree requirement is determined according to the program source type of the first radio-frequency signal, and the 180-degree hybrid network is used for uniformly dividing the signal into two in-phase components or out-of-phase components;
the output end of the first feeding part is connected with the first port, and the output end of the second feeding part is connected with the fourth port;
the second port is connected with the first antenna, and the third port is connected with the second antenna.
2. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein the adjusting circuit comprises at least one adjusting device, and the adjusting device is any one of a variable capacitor, a variable inductor, or a switching device.
3. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein when the first rf signal is emitted from the output of the first feed, the first port is a signal input port, the second port and the third port are signal output ports, and the fourth port is an isolated port;
when the first radio-frequency signal is emitted from the output end of the second feeding portion, the fourth port is the signal input port, the second port and the third port are the signal output ports, and the first port is the isolation port.
4. The antenna module according to claim 3, wherein when the first radio frequency signal is emitted by the output of the first feed and is input into the 180 ° hybrid network from the first port, the phase difference between the respective output signals from the second port and the third port is 0 °.
5. The antenna module according to claim 3, wherein when the first radio frequency signal is emitted by the output of the second feed and is input into the 180 ° hybrid network from the fourth port, the phase difference between the respective output signals from the second port and the third port is 180 °.
6. The antenna module of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the 180 ° hybrid network is any one of a ring hybrid network, a tapered matchline network, a tapered coupler line network, a hybrid waveguide junction network, or a magic-T network.
7. The antenna module of claim 6, wherein the antenna module further comprises a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit, a third matching circuit, and a fourth matching circuit;
the output end of the first feed part is connected with the input end of the first matching circuit, and the output end of the first matching circuit is connected with the first port;
the output end of the second feed part is connected with the input end of the fourth matching circuit, and the output end of the fourth matching circuit is connected with the fourth port;
the second port is connected with the input end of the second matching circuit, and the output end of the second matching circuit is connected with the first antenna;
the third port is connected with the input end of the third matching circuit, and the output end of the third matching circuit is connected with the second antenna.
8. The antenna module of claim 7,
the first matching circuit is used for realizing impedance matching between the output end of the first feeding part and the first port;
the fourth matching circuit is used for realizing impedance matching between the output end of the second feed part and the fourth port;
the second matching circuit is used for realizing impedance matching between the second port and the first antenna;
the third matching circuit is used for realizing impedance matching between the third port and the second antenna.
9. A terminal, characterized in that it comprises at least one antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A method for adjusting antenna isolation, the method being performed by the terminal according to claim 9, the method comprising:
acquiring an isolation requirement of a first radio frequency signal, wherein the isolation requirement is determined according to a program source type of the first radio frequency signal;
acquiring a target coupling degree according to the isolation degree requirement;
and adjusting the coupling degree of the 180-degree hybrid network to the target coupling degree, so as to change the isolation degree of the antenna module for transmitting the first radio-frequency signal by the terminal.
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| CN201911116870.4A CN110829025B (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Antenna module, terminal and method for adjusting antenna isolation |
| PCT/CN2020/128670 WO2021093850A1 (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2020-11-13 | Antenna module, terminal, and antenna isolation adjusting method |
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| CN201911116870.4A CN110829025B (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Antenna module, terminal and method for adjusting antenna isolation |
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| CN110829025B (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-11-12 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Antenna module, terminal and method for adjusting antenna isolation |
| CN113556138B (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2023-02-28 | 加特兰微电子科技(上海)有限公司 | Sensor feed system, sensor, radio signal transmitting device, and electronic apparatus |
| CN117374593B (en) * | 2023-12-07 | 2024-04-12 | 四川九洲电器集团有限责任公司 | Same-frequency high-isolation receiving-transmitting reciprocal feed network |
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