CN110829023B - Antenna module and terminal - Google Patents
Antenna module and terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN110829023B CN110829023B CN201911116866.8A CN201911116866A CN110829023B CN 110829023 B CN110829023 B CN 110829023B CN 201911116866 A CN201911116866 A CN 201911116866A CN 110829023 B CN110829023 B CN 110829023B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses an antenna module and a terminal, and belongs to the technical field of antennas, wherein the antenna module comprises a first feed part, a second feed part, a 180-degree hybrid network, a first antenna and a second antenna, the 180-degree hybrid network comprises a first port to a fourth port, and the 180-degree hybrid network is used for improving the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna; the first feed part is connected with the first port, and the second feed part is connected with the fourth port; the first antenna comprises a first free end, the second port is connected with the first free end, and the first antenna feeds power at the first free end; the second antenna comprises a second free end, the second free end is arranged opposite to the first free end to form a target gap, the third port is connected with the second free end, and the second antenna feeds power at the second free end. The isolation between the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion is improved, the ECC between the first antenna and the second antenna is reduced, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna module is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna module and a terminal.
Background
With the rapid development of antenna technology of mobile terminals, users have higher and higher requirements for the quality of communication provided by antennas in the communication process.
In the related art, an antenna module composed of Multiple transmitting antennas and Multiple receiving antennas can be used to improve the utilization rate of a frequency band and reduce channel fading on the premise of keeping the bandwidth and the transmitting power unchanged by using an MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology. Therefore, the antenna module designed based on the MIMO technology is widely used.
However, since each antenna in the MIMO antenna module occupies a limited space in the terminal, interference exists between each antenna, which affects the efficiency of transmitting and receiving signals.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an antenna module and a terminal, which can improve the isolation between each antenna in an MIMO antenna module and improve the efficiency of transmitting and receiving signals of the antenna module. The technical scheme is as follows:
according to an aspect of the present application, there is provided an antenna module, including: the antenna comprises a first feed part, a second feed part, a 180-degree hybrid network, a first antenna and a second antenna;
the 180-degree hybrid network comprises a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, the first port and the fourth port are isolated ports, and the 180-degree hybrid network is used for improving the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna;
the first feed part is connected with the first port, and the second feed part is connected with the fourth port;
the first antenna comprises a first free end, the second port is connected with the first free end, and the first antenna is fed at the first free end;
the second antenna comprises a second free end, the second free end and the first free end are arranged oppositely to form a target gap, the third port is connected with the second free end, the second antenna feeds power at the second free end, and the first free end and the second free end are arranged oppositely in space.
According to another aspect of the present application, a terminal is provided, where the terminal includes at least one antenna module provided in the embodiments of the present application.
The beneficial effect that the antenna module that this application embodiment provided brought can include:
the antenna module comprises a first feed part, a second feed part, a 180-degree hybrid network, a first antenna and a second antenna, wherein the 180-degree hybrid network comprises a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, and the 180-degree hybrid network is used for improving the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna; the first feed part is connected with the first port, and the second feed part is connected with the fourth port; the first antenna comprises a first free end, the second port is connected with the first free end, and the first antenna feeds power at the first free end; the second antenna comprises a second free end, the second free end and the first free end are oppositely arranged to form a target gap, the third port is connected with the second free end, and the second antenna feeds power at the second free end. In the antenna module with the structure, when the first feeding portion or the second feeding portion sends out a target radio frequency signal, the antenna module can isolate signals sent by the two feeding portions through the 180-degree hybrid network, so that the isolation between the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion is improved, an ECC (Envelope Correlation Coefficient) between the first antenna and the second antenna is reduced, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna module is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a middle-high schematic view of an antenna module disposed in a terminal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a circuit schematic of a matching circuit to which an exemplary embodiment of the present application relates;
fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of an antenna module according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid ring network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a gradual-change matchline network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid waveguide junction network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of current distribution when an exemplary embodiment of the present application relates to excitation of a first antenna and a second antenna of FIG. 9 in phase;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of current distribution when an exemplary embodiment of the present application relates to differential phase excitation of a first antenna and a second antenna of FIG. 9;
FIG. 12 is a graph of reflection parameter changes for the first antenna and the second antenna of FIG. 9 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 13 is a graph of reflection parameter changes for the first antenna and the second antenna included in the antenna module of fig. 9 with the 180 ° hybrid network removed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 14 is a graph of system efficiency change for an exemplary embodiment of the present application relating to the first antenna and the second antenna of FIG. 9;
fig. 15 is a graph of the change in system efficiency of an exemplary embodiment of the present application involving the first antenna and the second antenna included in the antenna module of fig. 9 with the 180 ° hybrid network removed;
fig. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a variation curve of an ECC according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present application, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art. Further, in the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
The application provides an antenna module. Aiming at the industrial production of the antenna module, the antenna module can be used as a part to be produced and sold independently, and also can be integrated in a terminal to be produced and sold as a part of the terminal.
The antenna module can be applied to a terminal using the MIMO antenna module, and when the MIMO antenna module provides wireless signal transmission for the terminal, the ECC between each antenna in the MIMO antenna module can be effectively reduced, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna module is effectively improved.
In order to make the solution shown in the embodiments of the present application easy to understand, several terms appearing in the embodiments of the present application will be described below.
MIMO technology: the technique is that a plurality of transmitting antennas are adopted at a signal transmitting end, and a plurality of receiving antennas are adopted at a signal receiving end. MIMO technology may employ discrete multiple antennas, which can divide a communication link into multiple parallel subchannels. Because signals can be simultaneously and parallelly transmitted in the sub-channels, the MIMO technology can improve the capacity of the channels, thereby improving the uplink data transmission rate and the downlink data transmission rate.
Isolation degree: for indicating the degree of mutual interference between the two antennas in transmitting and receiving signals. Taking the first antenna and the second antenna as an example, when the first antenna transmits the test signal of the a-band, the signal strength b1 of the test signal transmitted by the first antenna is, at this time, the signal strength b2 of the test signal received by the second antenna is b1/b2, and the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna is b1/b 2.
Correlation of MIMO antennas: including both signal correlation and envelope correlation. In one aspect, signal correlation is used to indicate the relationship between the reception of signals from other antennas by the MIMO antenna. On the other hand, the envelope correlation is used to indicate the degree of similarity between signals. Good antenna diversity in MIMO systems can guarantee high communication capacity, with the diversity effect depending on the antenna correlation. In one possible implementation, the magnitude of the correlation between antenna elements is calculated using envelope correlation coefficients (i.e., ECC). In one way of calculating the ECC, the following equation (1) may be used:
in equation (1), S11、S22Representing the impedance matching of the antenna elements, S21、S12Indicating the degree of isolation, S, between the antenna elementsT 11Denotes S11Transposed result of (1), ST 21Denotes S21The transposed result of (eta)radRepresenting the radiation efficiency of the antenna.
According to the ECC calculation method shown in equation (1), the following can be obtained: the magnitude of the ECC depends mainly on the impedance matching of the antenna elements, the radiation efficiency of the antenna, and the isolation between the antenna elements. For a MIMO antenna, the influence of impedance matching and radiation efficiency on ECC is small, while the influence of isolation on the value of ECC is large. Therefore, the embodiment of the application reduces the coupling of the antenna unit by improving the isolation of the antenna.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic view of a scenario in which an antenna module is disposed in a terminal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the terminal 100 may be in the form of a handheld mobile terminal 110, such as a cell phone, wearable device, or other portable electronic device that may be carried around. Alternatively, the terminal 100 may be an electronic device such as a tablet computer, an electronic book reader, or a notebook computer. It should be noted that the antenna module used by the terminal 100 may be a MIMO antenna module.
In the embodiment of the present application, the MIMO antenna technology refers to a technology in which a transmitting end and a receiving end of the terminal 100 perform spatial diversity through a plurality of transmitting antennas and a plurality of receiving antennas, respectively. The form of the antenna module may also take different forms as the various components within the terminal 100 are upgraded. In one possible implementation, the form of the antenna module in the terminal 100 may include a monopole (monopole) antenna form, a planar inverted-F antenna form, an inverted-F antenna form, and the like. Based on the application of the inverted-F antenna, optionally, the first antenna and the second antenna included in the antenna module 110 in this application are inverted-F antennas, and both the first antenna and the second antenna are antennas with coupled feed at their ends. In an embodiment of the present application, the first antenna includes a first free end and a first grounded end. The second antenna includes a second free end and a second ground end.
In one possible approach, as the terminal 100 increases in design space requirements, the space occupied by the antenna module built into the terminal 100 is increasingly tight. In a design, because the space occupied by the camera module in the terminal 100 increases, the distance between the antennas in the antenna module is also closer and closer, and each antenna can generate a higher coupling degree under the condition of closer distance, thereby reducing the radiation efficiency of the antenna module. Optionally, when the antenna module 110 in the terminal 100 operates in the Sub-6GHz band, the coupling degree of each antenna in the antenna module is higher.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna module. The antenna module can reduce the coupling degree between the corresponding feed ports of each antenna when the terminal adopts the MIMO antenna to transmit signals, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The antenna module can be applied to the terminal 100 in the application scenario shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 2, the antenna module 200 includes a first feeding portion 210, a second feeding portion 220, a 180 ° hybrid network 230, a first antenna 240, and a second antenna 250. Wherein the 180 hybrid network 230 is used to improve the isolation between the first antenna 240 and the second antenna 250.
The first antenna 240 includes a first free terminal 241 and a first ground terminal 242. The first antenna 240 is fed through the first free end 241.
The second antenna 250 includes a second free end 251 and a second ground end 252. Wherein the second free end 251 and the first free end 241 are oppositely disposed to form a target gap. The second antenna 250 is fed through the second free end 251.
In the 180 ° hybrid network 230, the hybrid network includes a first port 231, a second port 232, a third port 233, and a fourth port 234. The first feeding portion 210 is connected to the first port 231, the second feeding portion 220 is connected to the fourth port 234, the first free end 241 is connected to the second port 232, and the second free end 251 is connected to the third port 233. The first port and the fourth port are isolated ports.
In the 180 ° hybrid network 230, the first port 231 and the fourth port 234 are isolated ports from each other. When the first port 231 is in the active state, the fourth port 234 is in the inactive state. When the fourth port 234 is in the active state, the first port 231 is in the inactive state.
Optionally, in this embodiment of the present application, the 180 ° hybrid network may be a distributed device or a lumped element, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
For the transmission process of the radio frequency signal, the radio frequency signal may enter the 180 ° hybrid network 230 through the first feeding portion 210 or the second feeding portion 220, be processed by the 180 ° hybrid network, and then be transmitted through the first antenna 240 and/or the second antenna 250.
For the receiving process of the rf signal, the rf signal may be received by the first antenna 240 and/or the second antenna 250, processed by the 180 ° hybrid network, and then enter the first feeding portion 210 or enter the second feeding portion 220.
In the present embodiment, the first antenna 240 and the second antenna 250 are both coupled antennas. Optionally, the feed point location of the coupled antenna is located at the antenna end. Therefore, the coupled antenna is also called an end-fed inverted F antenna or 1/8 wavelength antenna, which is not limited by the embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that the antenna end may be a quarter position region from the antenna head to the antenna tail.
Alternatively, the first antenna or the second antenna may transmit signals of any one frequency band. The 180 ° hybrid network 230 may provide a suppression function for the signal from the first feed, suppressing the signal from flowing into the second feed, thereby causing coupling between the two feed ports and increasing the isolation between the antennas.
To sum up, the antenna module that this application embodiment provided includes: the antenna comprises a first feeding part, a second feeding part, a 180-degree hybrid network, a first antenna and a second antenna. The first antenna and the second antenna are both coupled antennas. The 180-degree hybrid network comprises a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port; the first port of the 180-degree hybrid network is connected with the first feed portion, the second port of the 180-degree hybrid network is connected with the first free end, the third port of the 180-degree hybrid network is connected with the second free end, and the fourth port of the 180-degree hybrid network is connected with the second feed portion. When the first feed portion or the second feed portion sends the first radio-frequency signal, the ports connected with the first feed portion or the second feed portion are isolated through the 180-degree hybrid network, so that signals sent by the two feed portions cannot influence each other, the isolation between antennas in the antenna module is improved, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna module is improved.
In a possible implementation manner provided by the embodiment of the present application, the antenna module further includes a matching circuit, and the matching circuit may be connected to the 180 ° hybrid network according to actual requirements. As a possible implementation manner, the antenna module shown in fig. 2 is described by taking four matching circuits connected to four ports of a 180 ° hybrid network, respectively.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In fig. 3, the antenna module can be applied to the terminal shown in fig. 1, and the antenna module 300 includes a first feeding portion 310, a second feeding portion 320, a 180 ° hybrid network 330, a first antenna 340, a second antenna 350, a first matching circuit 360, a second matching circuit 370, a third matching circuit 380, and a fourth matching circuit 390. The first antenna 340 includes a first free end 341 and the second antenna 350 includes a second free end 351.
For the connection of the 180 ° hybrid network 330, the 180 ° hybrid network 330 includes a first port 331, a second port 332, a third port 333, and a fourth port 334. The first feeding portion 310 is connected with an input end of the first matching circuit 360, and an output end of the first matching circuit 360 is connected with the first port 331; the second feeding portion 320 is connected to the input end of the fourth matching circuit 390, and the output end of the fourth matching circuit 390 is connected to the fourth port 334; the second port 332 is connected to an input of a second matching circuit 370, and an output of the second matching circuit 370 is connected to the first free end 341; the third port 333 is connected to an input of a third matching circuit 380, and an output of the third matching circuit 380 is connected to the second free end 351.
Optionally, respective matching circuits are used to achieve matched impedance between the two devices connected. For example, for the first matching circuit 360, the matching circuit may function to achieve impedance matching between the output of the first feed 310 and the first port 331. For the fourth matching circuit 390, the fourth matching circuit 390 may function to achieve impedance matching between the output of the second feeding portion 320 and the fourth port 334. For the second matching circuit 370, the second matching circuit 370 may function to achieve impedance matching between the second port 332 and the first antenna 340. For the third matching circuit 380, the third matching circuit 380 may function to achieve impedance matching between the third port 333 and the second antenna 350.
Optionally, the matching circuit in the embodiment of the present application includes at least one capacitive device and/or inductive device. The matching circuit may be any one of a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit, a third matching circuit, or a fourth matching circuit. In other words, any one of the matching circuits can include at least one capacitor device or one inductor device.
In one possible embodiment, the first matching circuit 360 comprises the same electrical components as the fourth matching circuit 390, and the second matching circuit 370 comprises the same components as the third matching circuit 380.
Optionally, in this embodiment of the application, the matching circuit may further include at least one switch, where the switch is configured to change impedance in the matching circuit to implement impedance transformation, so as to change a frequency of the connected antenna when transmitting a signal. Referring to fig. 4, the matching circuit 400 includes a first branch 410 and a second branch 420. The first branch 410 includes a first capacitor 411, a first inductor 412, a first switch 413, and a second switch 414. The second branch 420 includes a second capacitor 421, a second inductor 422, and a third switch 423. In the embodiment of the present application, the matching circuit 400 changes the impedance of itself by changing the on/off state of each switch.
In a possible implementation manner, the capacitor device or the inductor device in the matching circuit may also be a tunable capacitor device or a tunable inductor device, and the matching circuit may also change its impedance by adjusting the tunable capacitor device or the tunable inductor device. This is not limited by the examples of the present application.
Alternatively, the form of the matching circuit shown in fig. 4 is only one possible way, and in practical applications, a person skilled in the art may adjust the capacitive device, the inductive device and the switch according to the actual requirements of the antenna assembly, so as to form a corresponding matching circuit.
Please refer to fig. 5, which is a circuit diagram of an antenna module according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, a first feed 510, a second feed 520, a 180 ° hybrid network 530, a first antenna 540, a second antenna 550, a first matching circuit 560, a second matching circuit 570, a third matching circuit 580, and a fourth matching circuit 590 are included.
Therein, the 180 ° hybrid network 530 includes a first port 531, a second port 532, a third port 533, and a fourth port 534.
In fig. 5, the first matching circuit 560 includes a first capacitor 561 and a first inductor 562. A first end of the first capacitor 561 is connected to the first feeding portion 510, and a second end of the first capacitor 561 is connected to a first end of the first inductor 562 and connected to the first port 531. Wherein the second terminal of the first inductor 562 is connected to ground.
The second matching circuit 570 includes a second inductor 571 and a second capacitor 572, and a first end of the second inductor 571 is connected to the second port 532. A second terminal of the second inductor 571 is connected to a first terminal of the second capacitor 572 and to the first antenna 540. Wherein a second terminal of the second capacitor 572 is grounded.
The third matching circuit 580 comprises a third inductor 581 and a third capacitor 582, and a first terminal of the third inductor 581 is connected to the third port 533. A second terminal of the third inductance 581 is connected to a first terminal of a third capacitance 582 and to the second antenna 550. Wherein the second terminal of the third capacitor 582 is connected to ground.
The fourth matching circuit 590 comprises a fourth capacitor 591 and a fifth capacitor 592, and a first end of the fourth capacitor 591 is connected with the second feeding portion 520. A second terminal of the fourth capacitor 592 is coupled to a first terminal of the fifth capacitor 592 and to the fourth port 534. Wherein the second terminal of the fifth capacitor 592 is connected to ground.
The first matching circuit realizes impedance matching between the first power feeding unit and the 180 ° hybrid network by matching the inductance device and the capacitance device. The fourth matching circuit realizes impedance matching between the second feeding part and the 180-degree hybrid network through a capacitor device. And the second matching circuit realizes impedance matching between the 180-degree hybrid network and the first antenna through the matching of the inductance device and the capacitance device. And the third matching circuit realizes impedance matching between the 180-degree hybrid network and the second antenna through the matching of the inductance device and the capacitance device.
The structure of the matching circuit described above in the embodiments of the present application is merely an example, and does not limit the circuit composition required for the design capable of achieving impedance matching. The designer can increase or decrease the number of the capacitive devices and/or the number of the inductive devices according to actual requirements, and change the connection mode of the matching circuit, so that the design requirement of impedance matching in the antenna assembly in the embodiment of the application is met.
Alternatively, taking the self-coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network in fig. 5 as an example of 3dB, the values of the capacitive device and the inductive device in fig. 5 may be as follows: the first capacitor 561 is 0.35pF (pico farad), the first inductor 562 is 2.3nH (nano henry), the second inductor 571 is 3nH, the second capacitor 572 is 0.3pF, the third inductor 581 is 3nH, the third capacitor 582 is 0.3pF, the fourth capacitor 591 is 1pF, and the fifth capacitor 592 is 0.55 pF.
Optionally, the 180 ° hybrid network provided in the embodiment of the present application may operate at an out-of-phase output and also operate at an in-phase output. When a signal is input through the first port of the 180-degree hybrid network, the signal is uniformly divided into two in-phase components at the second port and the third port, and then the two in-phase components are transmitted through the antennas respectively connected with the second port and the third port, and at the moment, the fourth port is isolated. When a blocking signal is input through the fourth port of the 180-degree hybrid network, the signal is uniformly divided into two out-of-phase components (namely, the phase difference between the two out-of-phase components is 180 degrees) at the second port and the third port, and then the two out-of-phase components are transmitted through the antennas respectively connected with the second port and the third port, and at the moment, the first port is isolated. According to the working process, the 180-degree hybrid network can restrain the signals of the first feeding part and the second feeding part and improve the isolation between the first feeding part and the second feeding part. Alternatively, the scattering matrix S of a 180 ° hybrid network with a coupling degree of 3dB referred to in the present application can be expressed in the form:
where, -j is an imaginary number.
In the circuit configuration shown in fig. 5, the rf signal may enter the 180 ° hybrid network 530 through the first feed 510 or the second feed 520, and then be transmitted through the first antenna 540 and the second antenna 550. When the radio frequency signal is emitted from the first feeding portion 510, the first port 531 is a signal input port, the second port 532 and the third port 533 are signal output ports, and the fourth port 534 is an isolation port. At this time, the phase difference between the output signals from the second port 532 and the third port 533 is 0 °, that is, the scene is an in-phase output scene. In other words, when a radio frequency signal is emitted by the first feeding portion, and inputted into the 180 ° hybrid network from the first pants 531, the phase difference between the respective output signals from the second port 532 and the third port 533 is 0 °.
In another possible embodiment, when the rf signal is emitted from the second feeding portion 520, the fourth port 534 is a signal input port, the second port 532 and the third port 533 are signal output ports, and the first port 531 is an isolation port. At this time, the phase difference between the output signals from the second port 532 and the third port 533 is 180 °. In other words, when a radio frequency signal is emitted from the output terminal of the second feeding section 520 and inputted into the 180 ° hybrid network from the fourth port 534, the phase difference between the output signals from the second port 532 and the third port 533 is 180 °. Optionally, the 180 ° hybrid network shown in fig. 2 in the embodiment of the present application can also operate in a similar operation manner, and details are not described here again.
As a possible implementation manner, the 180 ° hybrid network may be any one of a wake-up hybrid network, a gradual-change matchline network, a gradual-change coupling line network, a hybrid waveguide junction network, or a magic T network. Please refer to fig. 6, which is a schematic structural diagram of a ring hybrid network according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, the ring hybrid network 600 includes a first port 610, a second port 620, a third port 630 and a fourth port 340. after a signal is inputted into the ring hybrid network 600 from the first port 610, the ring hybrid network 600 can uniformly divide the signal into two in-phase components, which are outputted from the second port 620 and the third port 630 with equal amplitude and in-phase, and at this time, the fourth port 640 is isolated, i.e., there is no output nor input. When the rf signal is input into the ring hybrid network 600 from the fourth port 640, the ring hybrid network 600 can uniformly divide the rf signal into two opposite-phase components, which are output from the second port 620 and the third port 630 in equal-amplitude and opposite-phase, and at this time, the first port 610 is isolated, i.e., there is no output nor input.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a gradual-change matchline network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 7, the tapered match line network 700 includes a first port 710, a second port 720, a third port 730, and a fourth port 740. The working manner of the gradual change matchline network 700 may refer to the working manner described in fig. 6, and is not described herein again. Alternatively, the tapered matchline network may also be referred to as a tapered coupled-line network.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a hybrid waveguide junction network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 8, the hybrid waveguide junction network 800 includes a first port 810, a second port 820, a third port 830, and a fourth port 840. The operation of the hybrid waveguide junction network 800 may also refer to the operation shown in fig. 6, and will not be described herein again. Alternatively, the hybrid waveguide junction network may also be referred to as a magic-T network.
In a possible implementation manner, the first antenna and the second antenna included in the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application are both coupled antennas. Optionally, when the antenna module is integrated in a terminal, the first antenna and the second antenna have opposite emission tons, and the first antenna and the second antenna may be designed on the same ground plane and input radio frequency signals to be transmitted through respective feed ports.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 9, the antenna module 900 includes a first feeding portion 910, a second feeding portion 920, a 180 ° hybrid network 930, a first antenna 940, a second antenna 950, a matching Circuit 960, and a PCB (Printed Circuit board) 970.
In a specific connection manner inside the antenna module shown in fig. 9, the first feeding portion 910 may be connected to the fourth port of the 180 ° hybrid network 930 through the matching circuit 960, the third port of the 180 ° hybrid network 930 may be connected to the first antenna 940 through the matching circuit 960, and the fourth port of the 180 ° hybrid network 930 may be connected to the second antenna 950 through the matching circuit 960. Optionally, the first antenna 940 includes a first antenna feed point, and the second antenna 950 may include a second antenna feed point. The fourth port of the 180 hybrid network may be connected to a second antenna feed point of the second antenna 950 via a matching circuit 960. Wherein the first antenna includes a first free end 941 and the second antenna includes a second free end 951. Wherein the gap between the first and second free ends 941 and 951 may be a target gap.
A Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit (RFIC) on the PCB may input a Radio Frequency signal into the 180 ° hybrid network 930 through the first feeding portion 910 or the second feeding portion 920, and radiate the Radio Frequency signal out through the transmitting ends of the first antenna 940 and the second antenna 950, and the working principle of the 180 ° hybrid network 930 may refer to the above description, which is not repeated herein.
Alternatively, the antenna module shown in fig. 9 may operate in an FR1(Frequency range 1) Frequency band and an FR2(Frequency range 2) Frequency band in a 5G Frequency band. Among these, the FR2 band is also referred to as the sub-6GHz band. Namely, the antenna module can transmit radio frequency signals of Sub-6GHz frequency band. Referring to fig. 10, a schematic diagram of current distribution when a first antenna and a second antenna of fig. 9 are excited in phase according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 10, the antenna module includes a first antenna 1010, a second antenna 1020, a first antenna feed point 1011, and a second antenna feed point 1021, wherein when the antenna module shown in fig. 9 sends out a radio frequency signal with a frequency of 3.6GHz through the first feeding portion, a current distribution as shown in fig. 10 can be excited in the antenna module.
Referring to fig. 11, a schematic diagram of a current distribution when an exemplary embodiment of the present application relates to a first antenna and a second antenna of fig. 9 under differential excitation is shown. As shown in fig. 11, the antenna module includes a first antenna 1110, a second antenna 1120, a first antenna feed point 1111, and a second antenna feed point 1121, wherein when the antenna module shown in fig. 9 sends out a radio frequency signal of 3.6GHz through the second feed portion, a current distribution as shown in fig. 11 can be excited in the antenna module.
Referring to fig. 12, a graph illustrating a variation of a reflection parameter of the first antenna and the second antenna of fig. 9 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 12, a reflection parameter curve 1210 between the first antenna and the second antenna, a reflection parameter curve 1230 between the first antenna and the second antenna, a reflection parameter curve 1220 between the second antenna and the second antenna, and a first sampling point 1250 are included. Wherein due to the reflection parameter curve 1240 between the second antenna and the first antenna. As can be seen from the first sampling point 1250 in fig. 12, when the first antenna transmits a signal at a frequency of 3.6GHz, the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna is-23.965 dB. In fig. 12, the horizontal axis represents GHz, and the vertical axis represents dB.
Referring to fig. 13, fig. 13 is a graph illustrating a variation of reflection parameters of a first antenna and a second antenna included in an antenna module of the hybrid network with 180 ° removed in fig. 9 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 13, a reflection parameter curve 1330 between the first antenna and the first antenna, a reflection parameter curve 1310 between the first antenna and the second antenna, a reflection parameter curve 1320 between the second antenna and the second antenna, and a first sampling point 1340 are included. Since the reflection parameter curve between the second antenna and the first antenna coincides with the reflection parameter curve 1310, it is not marked in fig. 13. Fig. 13 is a graph of the results of detecting the reflection parameters of the first antenna and the second antenna after the 180 ° hybrid network in fig. 8 is removed, and it can be known from the first sampling point 1340 in fig. 13 that the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna is-2.6515 dB when the first antenna transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6 GHz. It is apparent from a comparison between fig. 12 and 13 that the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna can be improved by adding a 180 ° hybrid network. In fig. 13, the horizontal axis represents GHz, and the vertical axis represents dB.
Referring to fig. 14, fig. 14 is a graph illustrating a change in system efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna of fig. 9 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 14, a system efficiency curve 1420 for the first antenna, a system efficiency curve 1410 for the second antenna, and a first sampling point 1430 are included. As can be seen from the first sampling point 1430 in fig. 14, when the first antenna transmits a signal at a frequency of 3.6GHz, the system efficiency of the first antenna is-0.028843 dB. Meanwhile, when the second antenna transmits signals with the frequency of 3.6GHz, the system efficiency of the second antenna is-0.028843 dB. In fig. 14, the horizontal axis represents GHz, and the vertical axis represents dB.
Referring to fig. 15, fig. 15 is a graph illustrating a change in system efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna included in the antenna module of fig. 9 with the 180 ° hybrid network removed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 15, a system efficiency curve 1510 of the first antenna, a system efficiency curve 1520 of the second antenna, a first sampling point 1511 and a second sampling point 1521 are included. Fig. 15 is a graph of the system efficiency detection results of the first antenna and the second antenna after the 180 ° hybrid network in fig. 9 is removed, and it can be known from the first sampling point 1511 in fig. 15 that the system efficiency of the first antenna is-3.4707 dB when the first antenna transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6 GHz. As can be seen from the second sampling point 1521 in fig. 15, when the second antenna transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6GHz, the system efficiency of the second antenna is-3.5385 dB. It is clear from the comparison between fig. 14 and fig. 15 that the system efficiency of each of the first antenna and the second antenna can also be improved by adding the 180 ° hybrid network. In fig. 15, the horizontal axis represents GHz, and the vertical axis represents dB.
Referring to fig. 16, fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a variation curve of an ECC according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 16, which includes a first curve 1610, a second curve 1620, a first sampling point 1611, and a second sampling point 1621. The first curve 1610 is a curve of the ECC between the first antenna and the second antenna in fig. 9, and the second curve 1620 is a curve of the ECC between the first antenna and the second antenna included in the antenna module after the 180 ° hybrid network is removed in fig. 9. As can be seen from the first sampling point 1610 in fig. 16, when the antenna module transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6GHz, the ECC between the first antenna and the second antenna is 0.0020521, and as can be seen from the second sampling point 1604 in fig. 16, when the antenna module without the 180 ° directional coupler transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6GHz, the ECC between the first antenna and the second antenna is 3.9889 xe-05As can be seen from the first sample point 1611 and the second sample point 1621, 1The use of an 80 hybrid network may reduce the ECC between the first and second antennas, thereby reducing the isolation between the antennas. In addition, as can also be seen from the first curve 1601 and the second curve 1602 in fig. 16, the ECC of the first antenna and the second antenna in the antenna module using the 180 ° hybrid network is lower than that before use in each frequency band.
In summary, the antenna module includes a first feeding portion, a second feeding portion, a 180 ° hybrid network, a first antenna, and a second antenna, where the 180 ° hybrid network includes a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port, and the 180 ° hybrid network is used to improve the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna; the first feed part is connected with the first port, and the second feed part is connected with the fourth port; the first antenna comprises a first free end, the second port is connected with the first free end, and the first antenna feeds power at the first free end; the second antenna comprises a second free end, the second free end and the first free end are oppositely arranged to form a target gap, the third port is connected with the second free end, and the second antenna feeds power at the second free end. In the antenna module with the structure, when the first feeding portion or the second feeding portion sends out a target radio frequency signal, the antenna module can isolate signals sent by the two feeding portions through the 180-degree hybrid network, so that the isolation between the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion is improved, an ECC (Envelope Correlation Coefficient) between the first antenna and the second antenna is reduced, and the radiation efficiency of the antenna module is improved.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The above description is only exemplary of the implementation of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna module, characterized in that, the antenna module includes: the antenna module is an MIMO antenna module, the first antenna and the second antenna are 1/8-wavelength antennas, the feeding points of the first antenna and the second antenna are located at the tail ends of the antennas, and the tail ends of the antennas are in a quarter-position area from the head to the tail of the antennas;
the 180-degree hybrid network comprises a first port, a second port, a third port and a fourth port, wherein the first port and the fourth port are isolated ports, when the first port is in a working state, the fourth port is in a non-working state, when the fourth port is in a working state, the first port is in a non-working state, the 180-degree hybrid network is used for improving the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna, and the 180-degree hybrid network is used for uniformly dividing a signal into two in-phase components or two out-of-phase components;
the first feed part is connected with the first port, and the second feed part is connected with the fourth port;
the first antenna comprises a first free end, the second port is connected with the first free end, and the first antenna is fed at the first free end;
the second antenna comprises a second free end, the second free end and the first free end are oppositely arranged to form a target gap, the third port is connected with the second free end, and the second antenna feeds power at the second free end.
2. The antenna module according to claim 1, wherein when the target rf signal from the second feed is input into the 180 ° hybrid network from the fourth port, the phase difference between the output signal of the second port and the output signal of the third port is 180 °.
3. The antenna module of claim 2, wherein the antenna module comprises a matching circuit comprising a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit, a third matching circuit, and a fourth matching circuit, and wherein:
the output end of the first feed part is connected with the input end of the first matching circuit, and the output end of the first matching circuit is connected with the first port;
the output end of the second feed part is connected with the input end of the fourth matching circuit, and the output end of the fourth matching circuit is connected with the fourth port;
the second port is connected with the input end of the second matching circuit, and the output end of the second matching circuit is connected with the first free end;
the third port is connected with the input end of the third matching circuit, and the output end of the third matching circuit is connected with the second free end.
4. The antenna module of claim 3, wherein in the antenna module:
the first matching circuit is used for realizing impedance matching between the output end of the first feeding part and the first port;
the fourth matching circuit is used for realizing impedance matching between the output end of the second feeding part and the fourth port;
the second matching circuit is used for realizing impedance matching between the second port and the first antenna;
the third matching circuit is used for realizing impedance matching between the third port and the second antenna.
5. The antenna module of claim 4, wherein the matching circuit comprises a capacitive device and/or an inductive device.
6. The antenna module according to claim 1, wherein when a target radio frequency signal emitted by the first feeding portion is input into the 180 ° hybrid network from the first port, a phase difference between an output signal of the second port and an output signal of the third port is 0 °.
7. The antenna module of claim 1,
when the 180 ° hybrid network receives a target radio frequency signal sent by the first feeding portion through the first port, the second port and the third port are signal output ports, and the fourth port is an isolation port;
when the 180 ° hybrid network receives the target radio frequency signal sent by the second feeding portion through the fourth port, the second port and the third port are the signal output ports, and the first port is the isolation port.
8. The antenna module of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the 180 ° hybrid network is any one of a ring hybrid network, a tapered matchline network, a tapered coupler line network, a hybrid waveguide junction network, or a magic-T network.
9. The antenna module of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the operating frequency band of the first antenna is a Sub-6G frequency band, and the operating frequency band of the second antenna is the Sub-6G frequency band.
10. A terminal, characterized in that it comprises an antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN201911116866.8A CN110829023B (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Antenna module and terminal |
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