CN110797642B - Antenna module and terminal - Google Patents
Antenna module and terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN110797642B CN110797642B CN201911116868.7A CN201911116868A CN110797642B CN 110797642 B CN110797642 B CN 110797642B CN 201911116868 A CN201911116868 A CN 201911116868A CN 110797642 B CN110797642 B CN 110797642B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
Abstract
The application discloses antenna module and terminal belongs to antenna technical field. The antenna module includes: the antenna comprises a first feed part, a second feed part, a 180-degree hybrid network, a first antenna and a second antenna; the 180 ° hybrid network comprises a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port; the output end of the first feeding part is connected with the first port, and the output end of the second feeding part is connected with the fourth port; the second port is connected with the first antenna, and the third port is connected with the second antenna; when a first radio-frequency signal is sent out from the output end of the first feed part, the first port is a signal input port, and the fourth port is an isolation port; when the first radio-frequency signal is sent out from the output end of the second feed part, the fourth port is a signal input port, and the first port is an isolation port. According to the power amplifier, the isolation between the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion is improved through the 180-degree hybrid network, and the reliability of signal transmission is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna module and a terminal.
Background
With the rapid development of the antenna technology field, the quality requirements of people for communication by adopting an antenna in a terminal in a communication process are higher and higher.
In the related art, because the MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology has the advantages that a transceiving system composed of a plurality of transmitting antennas and receiving antennas can be used to reduce channel fading and improve the utilization rate of frequency bands without increasing the transmitting power and bandwidth, and various terminals all adopt the MIMO antennas for communication.
For each antenna in the MIMO antenna, the limitation of space is limited when the terminal is designed, so that interference exists between the antennas, and the reliability of signal transmission is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an antenna module and a terminal, which can improve the isolation among antennas contained in an MIMO antenna adopted in the terminal and improve the reliability of signal transmission. The technical scheme is as follows:
in one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna module, where the antenna module includes: the antenna comprises a first feed part, a second feed part, a 180-degree hybrid network, a first antenna and a second antenna;
the 180 ° hybrid network comprises a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port;
the output end of the first feeding part is connected with the first port, and the output end of the second feeding part is connected with the fourth port;
the second port is connected with the first antenna, and the third port is connected with the second antenna;
when a first radio-frequency signal is emitted from the output end of the first feeding part, the first port is a signal input port, the second port and the third port are signal output ports, and the fourth port is an isolation port;
when the first radio-frequency signal is emitted from the output end of the second feeding portion, the fourth port is the signal input port, the second port and the third port are the signal output ports, and the first port is the isolation port.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, where the terminal includes at least one antenna module according to the above aspect.
The beneficial effects brought by the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application at least comprise:
the first feed part in the antenna module is connected with a first port of the 180-degree hybrid network, the second feed part is connected with a fourth port of the 180-degree hybrid network, the second port is connected with the first antenna, and the third port is connected with the second antenna. When the first feed portion sends out a first radio-frequency signal, the first port is a signal input port, and the fourth port is an isolation port; when the second feed portion sends out a second radio-frequency signal, the fourth port is a signal input port, and the first port is an isolation port. In the antenna module provided by the application, because the first port and the fourth port work at the isolation port respectively, the signal sent by the first feeding portion can not pass through the second feeding portion, and the signal sent by the second feeding portion can not pass through the first feeding portion, so that the isolation between the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion is improved, the ECC between the first antenna and the second antenna is reduced, the isolation between the antennas in the antenna group is improved, and the reliability of signal transmission is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a terminal for transmitting data according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid ring network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a tapered matchline network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid waveguide junction network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of current distribution when an exemplary embodiment of the present application relates to excitation of a first antenna of FIG. 8 in phase with a second antenna;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of current distribution when an exemplary embodiment of the present application relates to differential phase excitation of a first antenna and a second antenna of FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is a graph of scattering parameter changes for the first antenna and the second antenna of FIG. 8 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a graph of scattering parameter changes for the first antenna and the second antenna included in the antenna module of fig. 8 with the 180 ° hybrid network removed according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a graph of overall system efficiency change for an exemplary embodiment of the present application involving the first and second antennas of FIG. 8;
fig. 14 is a graph of the total system efficiency change of the antenna module of fig. 8 with the first antenna and the second antenna included with the 180 ° hybrid network removed in an exemplary embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 15 is a graphical illustration of a variation of an ECC according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as related to FIG. 8;
fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present application, as detailed in the appended claims.
The scheme provided by the application can be used in a real scene of transmitting signals through the MIMO antenna when people use the terminal adopting the MIMO antenna in daily life, and for convenience of understanding, some terms and application scenes related to the embodiment of the application are firstly and simply introduced below.
MIMO technology: the method is a technology for performing space diversity by using a plurality of transmitting antennas and receiving antennas at a transmitting end and a receiving end respectively, adopts a discrete multi-antenna, and can decompose a communication link into a plurality of parallel sub-channels, thereby improving the capacity of transmitting or receiving signals.
Isolation degree: among the antennas included in the MIMO antenna, when the first antenna transmits a signal of a certain frequency band, the second antenna receives the signal strength of the first antenna, and the magnitude of the signal strength of the frequency band transmitted by the first antenna received by the second antenna may be referred to as an isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna in the frequency band.
The correlation of the MIMO antenna includes both signal correlation and envelope correlation, the former refers to the relationship between signals received from other antennas, and the latter refers to the degree of similarity between signals. Good antenna diversity in MIMO systems ensures high communication capacity, the diversity effect depending on the antenna correlation. Generally, for convenience of research, an Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) is used to calculate the Correlation between antenna elements. The most common calculation methods at present are mainly two, one of which is:
wherein S is11、S22Representing the impedance matching of the antenna elements, S21、S12Indicating the degree of isolation, S, between the antenna elementsT 11Denotes S11Transposed result of (1), ST 21Denotes S21The transposed result of (eta)radRepresenting the radiation efficiency of the antenna.
As can be seen from equation (1), the size of the ECC is mainly related to the impedance matching of the antenna elements, the radiation efficiency of the antenna, and the isolation between the antenna elements. For MIMO antennas, impedance matching and radiation efficiency do not have much impact on ECC, and isolation is a key factor in determining ECC. Therefore, it is important to reduce the coupling of the antenna elements and improve the isolation of the antenna.
In daily life, people can use the terminal to work, study, entertain and the like. The user may transmit various data through an antenna in the terminal, for example, the user may send information such as a picture and a video taken by the user to another terminal, or the user may perform a voice call, a video call, and the like with another user through the terminal to transmit voice data or video data.
Please refer to fig. 1, which shows a schematic view of an application scenario of a terminal transmitting data according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, a number of terminals 110 are included.
Alternatively, the terminal 110 may be a terminal in which a MIMO antenna is installed. For example, the terminal may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an e-book reader, smart glasses, a smart watch, an MP3 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III, motion Picture Experts compression standard Audio Layer 3), an MP4 player (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV, motion Picture Experts compression standard Audio Layer 4), a notebook computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, and the like.
Optionally, different users may use different terminals to transmit signals to other terminals through MIMO antennas in the terminals themselves, for example, the terminal MIMO antennas may work in a Sub-6GHz frequency band, which may also be referred to as Sub-6GHz antennas, in this case, there is a strong mutual coupling problem between the antennas of the terminals, which causes a poor isolation of feed ports of the antennas, thereby affecting data transmission and reducing reliability in a data transmission process.
In order to avoid the influence of each antenna when transmitting signals, improve the isolation between the feed ports and improve the reliability of signal transmission, the application provides a solution, which can reduce the mutual influence between the feed ports corresponding to the antennas for transmitting signals and improve the efficiency of antenna signal transmission when the terminal adopts the MIMO antenna to transmit signals. Please refer to fig. 2, which illustrates a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The antenna module provided by the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the terminal in the application scenario shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 2, the antenna module 200 includes a first feeding portion 201, a second feeding portion 202, a 180 ° hybrid network 203, a first antenna 204, and a second antenna 205;
wherein the 180 ° hybrid network 203 comprises a first port 203a, a second port 203b, a third port 203c and a fourth port 203 d; the output end of the first feeding part is connected with the first port 203a, and the output end of the second feeding part is connected with the fourth port 203 d; the second port 203b is connected to the first antenna 204 and the third port 203c is connected to the second antenna 205.
The rf signal may enter the 180 ° hybrid network 203 from the first feed 201 or the second feed 202, and then be transmitted through the first antenna 204 and the second antenna 205. When the first radio-frequency signal is emitted from the output end of the first feeding portion, the first port 203a is a signal input port, the second port 203b and the third port 203c are signal output ports, and the fourth port 203d is an isolation port; when the first rf signal is emitted from the output end of the second feeding portion, the fourth port 203d is a signal input port, the second port 203b and the third port 203c are signal output ports, and the first port 203a is an isolation port.
Optionally, the first radio frequency signal may be a signal of any frequency band transmitted by the terminal. The 180 ° hybrid network 203 may provide a suppression function for the signal emitted from the output of the first feed, suppressing the signal from flowing into the second feed, thereby causing coupling between the two feed ports and thereby increasing the isolation between the antenna ports.
To sum up, this application links to each other with the first port of 180 hybrid network through the first feed portion in the antenna module, and the second feed portion links to each other with the fourth port of 180 hybrid network, and the second port links to each other with first antenna, and the third port links to each other with the second antenna. When the first feed portion sends out a first radio-frequency signal, the first port is a signal input port, and the fourth port is an isolation port; when the second feed portion sends out a second radio-frequency signal, the fourth port is a signal input port, and the first port is an isolation port. In the antenna module provided by the application, because the first port and the fourth port work at the isolation port respectively, the signal sent by the first feeding portion can not pass through the second feeding portion, and the signal sent by the second feeding portion can not pass through the first feeding portion, so that the isolation between the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion is improved, the ECC between the first antenna and the second antenna is reduced, the isolation between the antennas in the antenna group is improved, and the reliability of signal transmission is improved.
In a possible implementation manner, the antenna module further includes at least one matching circuit, each matching circuit may be connected to the 180 ° hybrid network according to actual requirements, and the scheme shown in fig. 2 is described by taking an example that four matching circuits are respectively connected to four ports of the 180 ° hybrid network.
Please refer to fig. 3, which illustrates a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. The antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to the terminal in the application scenario shown in fig. 1, that is, may be used in an MIMO system. As shown in fig. 3, the antenna module 400 includes a first feeding portion 301, a second feeding portion 302, a 180 ° hybrid network 303, a first antenna 304, a second antenna 305, a first matching circuit 306, a second matching circuit 307, a third matching circuit 308, and a fourth matching circuit 309;
the 180 ° hybrid network 303 includes a first port 303a, a second port 303b, a third port 303c, and a fourth port 303 d. The output end of the first feeding part 301 is connected with the input end of the first matching circuit 306, and the output end of the first matching circuit 306 is connected with the first port 303 a; the output end of the second feeding part 302 is connected with the input end of the fourth matching circuit 309, and the output end of the fourth matching circuit 309 is connected with the fourth port 303 d; the second port 303b is connected to an input terminal of a second matching circuit 307, and an output terminal of the second matching circuit 307 is connected to the first antenna 304; the third port 303c is connected to an input of a third matching circuit 308, and an output of the third matching circuit 308 is connected to the second antenna 305.
Optionally, each matching circuit is used to implement impedance matching between two connected devices. For example, for the first matching circuit 306, the first matching circuit 306 may function to achieve impedance matching between the output terminal of the first feeding section 301 and the first port 303 a; for the fourth matching circuit 309, the fourth matching circuit 309 may function to achieve impedance matching between the output end of the second feeding section 302 and the fourth port 303 d; for the second matching circuit 307, the second matching circuit 307 may function to achieve impedance matching between the second port 303b and the first antenna 304; for the third matching circuit 308, the third matching circuit 308 may function to achieve impedance matching between the third port 303c and the second antenna 305.
Optionally, the fifth matching circuit includes at least one capacitive device and/or at least one inductive device, and the fifth matching circuit is any one of the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit, the third matching circuit, and the fourth matching circuit. That is, for each of the above-described matching circuits, each includes at least one capacitive device and/or at least one inductive device. In one possible implementation, the first matching circuit 306 is identical to the fourth matching circuit 309 in component elements, and the second matching circuit 307 is identical to the third matching circuit 308 in component elements.
Referring to fig. 4, a circuit diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 4, a first feeding section 401, a second feeding section 402, a 180 ° hybrid network 403, a first antenna 404, a second antenna 405, a first matching circuit 406, a second matching circuit 407, a third matching circuit 408, and a fourth matching circuit 409 are included. In fig. 4, the 180 ° hybrid network 403 includes a first port 403a, a second port 403b, a third port 403c, and a fourth port 403d, and the first matching circuit 406 includes a first inductor 410 and a first capacitor 411, wherein a first end of the first inductor 410 is connected to the first feeding portion 401, a first end of the first capacitor 411 is grounded, and a second end of the first inductor 410 is connected to a second end of the first capacitor 411 and to the first port 403a of the 180 ° hybrid network 403.
The second matching circuit 407 comprises a second capacitor 412, wherein a first terminal of the second capacitor 412 is connected to the second port 403b of the 180 ° hybrid network 403, and a second terminal of the second capacitor 412 is connected to the first antenna 404.
The third matching circuit 408 comprises a third capacitor 413, wherein a first terminal of the third capacitor 413 is connected to the third port 403c of the 180 ° hybrid network 404, and a second terminal of the third capacitor 413 is connected to the second antenna 405.
The fourth matching circuit 409 comprises a second inductor 414 and a fourth capacitor 415, wherein a second terminal of the second inductor 414 is connected to the fourth port 403d of the 180 ° hybrid network 403, a first terminal of the fourth capacitor 415 is connected to ground, and a first terminal of the fourth capacitor 415 is connected to the first terminal of the second inductor 414 and to the second feeding portion 402.
That is, the first matching circuit and the fourth matching circuit realize impedance matching between the first feeding unit and the 180 ° hybrid network by matching of an inductor and a capacitor, and the second matching circuit and the third matching circuit realize impedance matching between the 180 ° hybrid network and the first antenna and between the 180 ° hybrid network and the second antenna, respectively, by the function of a capacitor device. It should be noted that the configuration of the matching circuit shown in fig. 4 is only illustrated by way of example, and the specific configuration structure of the matching circuit is not limited, that is, the number of the capacitive devices and the inductive devices may be increased or decreased according to actual requirements, and the connection mode of the matching circuit may be changed, so as to implement impedance matching for the connection ports between the first feeding portion, the second feeding portion, the 180 ° hybrid network, the first antenna, and the second antenna.
Alternatively, taking the self-coupling degree of the 180 ° hybrid network in fig. 4 as 3dB (decibel), the values of the capacitance devices and the inductance devices in fig. 4 may be as follows: the first inductance is 5nH (millihenry), the first electric capacity is 0.3pF (picofarad), the second electric capacity is 1.2pF, the third electric capacity is 1.2pF, the second inductance is 0.6nH, the fourth electric capacity is 2 pF.
Optionally, the 180 ° hybrid network provided in the embodiment of the present application may operate at an out-of-phase output or an in-phase output. When a signal is input through the first port of the 180-degree hybrid network, the signal is uniformly divided into two in-phase components at the second port and the third port, and then the two in-phase components are transmitted through the antennas respectively connected with the second port and the third port, and at the moment, the fourth port is isolated. When a signal is input through the fourth port of the 180 ° hybrid network, the signal is uniformly divided into two out-of-phase components (with a phase difference of 180 °) at the second port and the third port, and then the two out-of-phase components are transmitted through the antennas respectively connected to the second port and the third port, and at this time, the first port is isolated. Therefore, the signals of the first feeding part and the second feeding part are inhibited through the 180-degree hybrid network, and the coupling degree between the output ends of the first feeding part and the second feeding part is improved. Alternatively, the scattering matrix S of a 180 ° hybrid network with a coupling degree of 3dB involved in the present application can be expressed as follows:
where, -j is an imaginary number.
In fig. 4, the rf signal may enter the 180 ° hybrid network 403 from the first feeding portion 401 or the second feeding portion 402, and then be transmitted through the first antenna 404 and the second antenna 405. When a first radio-frequency signal is emitted from the output end of the first feeding portion 401, the first port 403a is a signal input port, the second port 403b and the third port 403c are signal output ports, and the fourth port 403d is an isolation port; at this time, the phase difference between the output signals from the second port 403b and the third port 403c is 0 °, i.e., in-phase output. That is, when a first radio frequency signal is emitted from the output terminal of the first feeding section 401, and is input into the 180 ° hybrid network 403 from the first port 403a, the phase difference between the output signals from the second port 403b and the third port 403c is 0 °.
When the first rf signal is transmitted from the output end of the second feeding portion 402, the fourth port 403d is a signal input port, the second port 403b and the third port 403c are signal output ports, and the first port 403a is an isolation port; at this time, the phase difference between the output signals from the second port 403b and the third port 403c is 180 °. That is, when the first radio frequency signal is emitted from the output terminal of the second feeding section 402 and is input into the 180 ° hybrid network 403 from the fourth port 403d, the phase difference between the output signals from the second port 403b and the third port 403c is 180 °. Optionally, the 180 ° hybrid network in fig. 3 may also operate according to the operation method herein, which is not described herein again.
Optionally, the 180 ° hybrid network may be any one of a ring hybrid network, a gradual change match line network, a gradual change coupling line network, a hybrid waveguide junction network, or a magic T network. Referring to fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of a ring hybrid network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 5, the ring hybrid network 500 includes a first port 501, a second port 502, a third port 503, and a fourth port 504, and after a signal is input into the ring hybrid network 500 from the first port 501, the ring hybrid network 500 can uniformly divide the signal into two in-phase components, which are output by the second port 502 and the third port 503 with equal amplitude and in-phase, and at this time, the fourth port 504 is isolated, i.e., there is no output nor input. After the signal is input into the ring hybrid network 500 from the fourth port 504, the ring hybrid network 500 can uniformly divide the signal into two opposite-phase components, and the two opposite-phase components are output by the second port 502 and the third port 503 in a constant-amplitude and opposite-phase manner, and at this time, the first port 501 is isolated, i.e., there is no output nor input.
Referring to fig. 6, a schematic diagram of a graded match line network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 6, the gradual-change matchline network 600 includes a first port 601, a second port 602, a third port 603, and a fourth port 604, wherein the operation of the gradual-change matchline network 600 may refer to the description of fig. 5, and is not described herein again. Alternatively, the tapered matchline network may also be referred to as a tapered coupled-line network. Reference is made to fig. 7, which is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a hybrid waveguide junction network according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, the hybrid waveguide junction network 700 includes a first port 701, a second port 702, a third port 703, and a fourth port 704, wherein the operation of the hybrid waveguide junction network 700 may also refer to the description of fig. 5, and will not be described herein again. Alternatively, the hybrid waveguide junction network may also be referred to as a magic-T network.
In a possible implementation manner, the first antenna and the second antenna included in the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application are inverted-F antennas. That is, in the terminal, the transmitting ends of the first antenna and the second antenna are opposite, and the first antenna and the second antenna may be designed on the same ground plane, and input the antenna signal to be transmitted through the respective feeding ports. Referring to fig. 8, which shows a schematic structural diagram of an antenna module according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 8, an antenna module 800 includes a first feeding portion 801, a second feeding portion 802, a 180 ° hybrid network 803, a first antenna 804, a second antenna 805, a matching Circuit 806, and a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) 807.
The first feeding portion 801 may be connected to a first port of the 180 ° hybrid network 803 through a matching circuit 806, the second feeding portion 802 may be connected to a fourth port of the 180 ° hybrid network 803 through a matching circuit 806, a third port of the 180 ° hybrid network 803 may be connected to the first antenna 804 through the matching circuit 806, and a fourth port of the 180 ° hybrid network 803 may be connected to the second antenna 805 through the matching circuit 806. Optionally, the first antenna 804 includes a first antenna feed point 804a, the second antenna 805 includes a second antenna feed point 805a, a third port of the 180 ° hybrid network 803 may be connected to the first antenna feed point 804a of the first antenna 804 through a matching circuit 806, and a fourth port of the 180 ° hybrid network 803 may be connected to the second antenna feed point 805a of the second antenna 805 through the matching circuit 806.
A Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit (RFIC) on the PCB may input a Radio Frequency signal into the 180 ° hybrid network 803 through the first feeding portion 801 or the second feeding portion 802, and radiate the Radio Frequency signal out through the transmitting ends of the first antenna 804 and the second antenna 805, and the working principle of the 180 ° hybrid network 803 may refer to the above description, which is not described herein again.
Alternatively, the antenna module shown in fig. 8 may operate in an FR1(Frequency range 1) Frequency band and an FR2(Frequency range 2) Frequency band in a 5G Frequency band. Among these, the FR2 band is also referred to as the sub-6GHz band. Namely, the antenna module can transmit radio frequency signals of Sub-6GHz frequency band. Referring to fig. 9, a schematic diagram of current distribution when a first antenna and a second antenna of fig. 8 are excited in phase according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 9, the antenna module includes a first antenna 901, a second antenna 902, a first antenna feed point 903, and a second antenna feed point 904, wherein when the antenna module shown in fig. 8 sends out a radio frequency signal through the first feeding portion, a current distribution as shown in fig. 9 may be excited in the antenna module. As can be seen from the arrows shown in fig. 9, the first antenna 901 and the second antenna 902 are excited in a common mode, that is, signals transmitted by the first antenna and the second antenna are in-phase signals.
Referring to fig. 10, a schematic diagram of a current distribution when an exemplary embodiment of the present application relates to differential excitation of a first antenna and a second antenna of fig. 8 is shown. As shown in fig. 10, the antenna module includes a first antenna 1001, a second antenna 1002, a first antenna feed point 1003, and a second antenna feed point 1004, wherein when the antenna module shown in fig. 8 sends out a radio frequency signal through the second feed portion, a current distribution as shown in fig. 10 can be excited in the antenna module. As can be seen from the arrows shown in fig. 10, the first antenna 1001 and the second antenna 1002 are excited in a differential mode, that is, signals transmitted from the first antenna and the second antenna are out of phase (180 ° out of phase).
Referring to fig. 11, a graph illustrating a variation of a scattering parameter of the first antenna and the second antenna of fig. 8 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 11, a scattering parameter curve 1101 between the first antenna and the first antenna, a scattering parameter curve 1102 between the first antenna and the second antenna, and a first sampling point 1103 are included. Here, since the scattering parameter curve between the second antenna and the second antenna coincides with the scattering parameter curve 1101, and the scattering parameter curve between the second antenna and the first antenna coincides with the scattering parameter curve 1102, it is not shown in fig. 11. As can be seen from the first sampling point 1103 in fig. 11, when the first antenna transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6GHz, the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna is-24.755 dB.
Referring to fig. 12, a graph of variation of scattering parameters of the first antenna and the second antenna included in the antenna module of fig. 8 with the 180 ° hybrid network removed is shown according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 12, a scattering parameter curve 1201 between the first antenna and the second antenna, a scattering parameter curve 1202 between the first antenna and the second antenna, and a first sampling point 1203 are included. Here, since the scattering parameter curve between the second antenna and the second antenna coincides with the scattering parameter curve 1201, and the scattering parameter curve between the second antenna and the first antenna coincides with the scattering parameter curve 1202, it is not shown in fig. 12. Fig. 12 is a graph of the results of detecting scattering parameters of the first antenna and the second antenna after the 180 ° hybrid network in fig. 8 is removed, and it can be known from the first sampling point 1203 in fig. 12 that the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna is-4.0094 dB when the first antenna transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6 GHz. It is apparent from a comparison between fig. 11 and 12 that the isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna can be improved by adding a 180 ° hybrid network.
Referring to fig. 13, a graph illustrating a change in overall system efficiency of an exemplary embodiment of the present application with respect to the first antenna and the second antenna of fig. 8 is shown. As shown in fig. 13, a total system efficiency curve 1301 of the first antenna, a total system efficiency curve 1302 of the second antenna, a first sampling point 1303 and a second sampling point 1304 are included. As can be seen from the first sampling point 1303 in fig. 13, when the first antenna transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6GHz, the total system efficiency of the first antenna is-0.068147 dB. From the second sampling point 1304 in FIG. 13, it can be seen that the total system efficiency of the second antenna is-0.23822 dB when the second antenna transmits a signal at a frequency of 3.6 GHz.
Referring to fig. 14, a graph illustrating a change in overall system efficiency of the antenna module of fig. 8 with the first antenna and the second antenna included therein is shown according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 14, the total system efficiency curve 1401 of the first antenna, the total system efficiency curve 1402 of the second antenna, the first sampling point 1403 and the second sampling point 1404 are included. Fig. 14 is a graph of the result of detecting the total system efficiency of the first antenna and the second antenna after the 180 ° hybrid network in fig. 8 is removed, and it can be known from the first sampling point 1403 in fig. 14 that the total system efficiency of the first antenna is-4.25 dB when the first antenna transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6 GHz. As can be seen from the second sampling point 1404 in fig. 14, the total system efficiency of the second antenna is-3.9 dB when the second antenna transmits a signal at a frequency of 3.6 GHz. It is clear from a comparison between fig. 13 and 14 that the overall system efficiency of each of the first and second antennas can also be improved by adding a 180 ° hybrid network.
Referring to fig. 15, a graph illustrating a variation of an ECC according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application with respect to fig. 8 is shown in fig. 15, which includes a curve 1501 of the ECC between the first antenna and the second antenna and a first sampling point 1502. As can be seen from the first sampling point 1502 in fig. 15, when the antenna module transmits a signal with a frequency of 3.6GHz, the ECC between the first antenna and the second antenna is almost close to 0(1.2796e-05), and the ECC of the first antenna and the second antenna is also lower in each frequency band of the antenna module.
It should be noted that the design forms of the first antenna and the second antenna included in the antenna module provided in the foregoing embodiment are also exemplary, and for a radiation scheme of multiple antennas in a MIMO system, the 180 ° hybrid network provided in this application may be also used to achieve improvement of the antenna isolation, and the arrangement form of the specific antenna in this embodiment is not limited in this application.
To sum up, this application links to each other with the first port of 180 hybrid network through the first feed portion in the antenna module, and the second feed portion links to each other with the fourth port of 180 hybrid network, and the second port links to each other with first antenna, and the third port links to each other with the second antenna. When the first feed portion sends out a first radio-frequency signal, the first port is a signal input port, and the fourth port is an isolation port; when the second feed portion sends out a second radio-frequency signal, the fourth port is a signal input port, and the first port is an isolation port. In the antenna module provided by the application, because the first port and the fourth port work at the isolation port respectively, the signal sent by the first feeding portion can not pass through the second feeding portion, and the signal sent by the second feeding portion can not pass through the first feeding portion, so that the isolation between the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion is improved, the ECC between the first antenna and the second antenna is reduced, the isolation between the antennas in the antenna group is improved, and the reliability of signal transmission is improved.
Referring to fig. 16, a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in fig. 16, the terminal 1600 includes a first antenna module 1601, a second antenna module 1602, a third antenna module 1603, and a fourth antenna module 1604, and a plurality of antenna modules may share a ground plane 1605. The first antenna module 1601, the second antenna module 1602, the third antenna module 1603 and the fourth antenna module 1604 may all adopt the antenna modules provided in fig. 2 or fig. 3. Optionally, when the terminal uses one or two antenna modules to transmit data such as messages and videos, the terminal may suppress the coupling degree between the ports through a 180 ° hybrid network in each antenna module according to the frequency transmitted in the actual antenna module, thereby improving the isolation between the multiple antennas included in the antenna module and achieving a better transmission effect.
For example, when the terminal needs to transmit a sub-6GHz band signal to the outside by using the first feeding portion in the first antenna module, the 180 ° hybrid network in the first antenna module can adjust the fourth port in an isolated state, reduce coupling between the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion, and improve isolation between the first antenna and the second antenna.
To sum up, this application links to each other with the first port of 180 hybrid network through the first feed portion in the antenna module, and the second feed portion links to each other with the fourth port of 180 hybrid network, and the second port links to each other with first antenna, and the third port links to each other with the second antenna. When the first feed portion sends out a first radio-frequency signal, the first port is a signal input port, and the fourth port is an isolation port; when the second feed portion sends out a second radio-frequency signal, the fourth port is a signal input port, and the first port is an isolation port. In the antenna module provided by the application, because the first port and the fourth port work at the isolation port respectively, the signal sent by the first feeding portion can not pass through the second feeding portion, and the signal sent by the second feeding portion can not pass through the first feeding portion, so that the isolation between the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion is improved, the ECC between the first antenna and the second antenna is reduced, the isolation between the antennas in the antenna group is improved, and the reliability of signal transmission is improved.
It should be understood that reference herein to "and/or" describing an association of case objects means that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. An antenna module, characterized in that, the antenna module includes: the antenna module comprises a first feed part, a second feed part, a 180-degree hybrid network, a first antenna and a second antenna, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are inverted-F antennas, transmitting ends of the first antenna and the second antenna are arranged oppositely, and the antenna module is an MIMO antenna module;
the 180 ° hybrid network comprises a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port;
the output end of the first feeding part is connected with the first port, and the output end of the second feeding part is connected with the fourth port;
the second port is connected with the first antenna, and the third port is connected with the second antenna;
when a first radio-frequency signal is transmitted from the output end of the first feeding portion, the first port is a signal input port, the second port and the third port are signal output ports, two uniform signals with same-phase components are output, the fourth port is an isolation port, and the fourth port has neither input nor output;
when the first radio-frequency signal is emitted from the output end of the second feeding portion, the fourth port is the signal input port, the second port and the third port are the signal output ports, two uniform signals with out-of-phase components are output, the first port is the isolation port, the first port has no input or output, and the 180-degree hybrid network is used for improving the isolation degree between the first feeding portion and the second feeding portion.
2. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein when the first radio frequency signal is emitted by the output of the second feed and is input into the 180 ° hybrid network from the fourth port, the phase difference between the respective output signals from the second port and the third port is 180 °.
3. The antenna module of claim 1, further comprising a first matching circuit, a second matching circuit, a third matching circuit, and a fourth matching circuit;
the output end of the first feed part is connected with the input end of the first matching circuit, and the output end of the first matching circuit is connected with the first port;
the output end of the second feed part is connected with the input end of the fourth matching circuit, and the output end of the fourth matching circuit is connected with the fourth port;
the second port is connected with the input end of the second matching circuit, and the output end of the second matching circuit is connected with the first antenna;
the third port is connected with the input end of the third matching circuit, and the output end of the third matching circuit is connected with the second antenna.
4. The antenna module of claim 3,
the first matching circuit is used for realizing impedance matching between the output end of the first feeding part and the first port;
the fourth matching circuit is used for realizing impedance matching between the output end of the second feed part and the fourth port;
the second matching circuit is used for realizing impedance matching between the second port and the first antenna;
the third matching circuit is used for realizing impedance matching between the third port and the second antenna.
5. The antenna module according to claim 3, wherein a fifth matching circuit comprises at least one capacitive device and/or at least one inductive device, and the fifth matching circuit is any one of the first matching circuit, the second matching circuit, the third matching circuit and the fourth matching circuit.
6. The antenna module of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the 180 ° hybrid network is any one of a ring hybrid network, a tapered matchline network, a tapered coupler line network, a hybrid waveguide junction network, or a magic-T network.
7. The antenna module of claim 6, wherein the operating frequency band of the first antenna and the second antenna is Sub-6G frequency band in 5G frequency band.
8. A terminal, characterized in that it comprises an antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN201911116868.7A CN110797642B (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Antenna module and terminal |
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| CN111193110B (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2022-01-07 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Antenna device and electronic apparatus |
| CN113745804B (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2022-12-06 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Antenna device and electronic apparatus |
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