CN110827628A - Supply and arrange integrative laminar flow experimental apparatus - Google Patents
Supply and arrange integrative laminar flow experimental apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN110827628A CN110827628A CN201911169088.9A CN201911169088A CN110827628A CN 110827628 A CN110827628 A CN 110827628A CN 201911169088 A CN201911169088 A CN 201911169088A CN 110827628 A CN110827628 A CN 110827628A
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- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
Abstract
The invention discloses a supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental device, which belongs to the technical field of teaching aids and comprises a tank body (1), a first water storage area (2), a second water storage area (3) and a third water storage area (4), wherein a first water delivery pipe (21) is arranged between the first water storage area (2) and the tank body (1), a second water delivery pipe (31) is arranged between the second water storage area (3) and the tank body (1), a water inlet device and a water discharge device are arranged at the bottom of the tank body (1), an overflow area (11) is arranged at the lower layer of the tank body (1), a porous medium area (12) containing a medium is arranged above the overflow area (11), and an experimental observation area (13) is arranged above the porous medium area (12).
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of teaching aids, relates to a demonstration experiment device, and particularly relates to a supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experiment device for demonstrating liquid stratified flow.
Background
The stratified flow mainly refers to the phenomenon that two liquids with different densities which can be mixed are mixed to generate stratification and generate relative motion at an interface. When two liquids move relatively at an interface, global mixing can not occur, and the water body stratification phenomenon often occurs in water flows of natural world and practical engineering, for example, the water bodies in large water areas such as oceans, lakes, reservoirs and the like are irradiated by sunlight to form temperature difference, so that the water body temperature of the upper water area is different from that of the lower water area, and the stratification phenomenon can be caused; some water bodies have different sand contents, for example, turbid river water containing a large amount of fine-grain silt enters the reservoir bottom of a reservoir storing clear water and moves downstream along the reservoir bottom under the clear water of the reservoir, and the clear water in the reservoir and a turbid river water layer flow in layers; some water bodies have different solute content, for example, the surface fresh water and the bottom salt water of the estuary have relative flow due to different salt content in the water bodies, so that stratified flow is formed.
Because the movement of the water body in the stratified flow is different from the movement of the general water body, if a rapid flow state occurs, the movement has great influence on the riverbed evolution of lakes, reservoirs, rivers and channels and the hydraulic engineering construction of water inlets, ports, ship locks, reservoirs and the like, the research on the stratified flow has very important effect on the aspects of national economic construction, people's life, environmental protection and the like,
in order to research the stratified flow phenomenon and facilitate experimental teaching, the Chinese patent with application number of 201610186359.1, which is filed on 28 th 2016 month 03 month, discloses a stratified flow simulation test tank system, which comprises a reservoir, a submersible pump, a guide pipe, a flowmeter, a valve switch, a tank body, an auxiliary water gauge, a fixed support, a hydraulic jack, a position regulator, a position-adjustable water inlet, a grid net, a lifting gate, a digital temperature chain, a plurality of sampling pipes and a backwater sand flushing pipe.
The Chinese patent application No. 01910177361.6, whose application date is 2019, 03, and 08, discloses a stratified flow physical simulation test tank system capable of simulating background flow rate, wherein an upper layer water inlet well, a lower layer water inlet well, and a head end steady flow wave-absorbing device positioned at the water outlet side of the upper layer water inlet well and the lower layer water inlet well are arranged at the head end in the stratified tank body, and the upper layer water inlet well and the lower layer water inlet well are connected with one end of a head end horizontal separation plate. The tail end in the layered tank body is provided with an upper layer water outlet well, a lower layer water outlet well, tail end steady flow wave-absorbing devices positioned on the water inlet sides of the upper layer water outlet well and the lower layer water outlet well, and the upper layer water outlet well and the lower layer water outlet well are connected with one end of a tail end horizontal partition plate. The upper layer water inlet well is connected with the upper layer water outlet well through an upper layer fluid circulation pipeline system, and the lower layer water inlet well is connected with the lower layer water outlet well through a lower layer fluid circulation pipeline system. The device can be used for physical simulation test researches such as temperature stratification of lakes and reservoirs, ocean density stratification, internal waves of two-layer fluid interfaces and the like, provides a multifunctional test platform for physical simulation of stratified flow, and better meets the research requirements of the stratified flow. However, the above-mentioned device, like other prior art, can provide the stratified flow phenomenon when two liquids flow relatively, and cannot demonstrate the stratified flow phenomenon between liquids with different temperatures or densities in a laboratory, such as a lake and a reservoir, when the water body is relatively stable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical problem that the stratified flow phenomenon among liquids with different temperatures or densities in a relatively stable water body such as lakes and reservoirs cannot be demonstrated in a laboratory in the prior art, and provides a supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental device which has a simple structure, obvious phenomenon and convenient operation and can be demonstrated in the laboratory.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a supply and discharge integrated layered flow experimental device, which comprises a tank body, a first water storage area for storing a first water body and a second water storage area for storing a second water body, wherein a first water delivery pipe is arranged between the first water storage area and the tank body, a first valve is arranged on the first water delivery pipe, a second water delivery pipe is arranged between the second water storage area and the tank body, a second valve is arranged on the second water delivery pipe, a water outlet of the first water delivery pipe is arranged above the tank body, a water inlet device is arranged at the bottom of the tank body, the lower end of the water inlet device penetrates through the bottom of the tank body and is connected with the second water delivery pipe, a water discharge device is arranged at the bottom of the tank body and comprises a water discharge pipe, the water discharge pipe is connected with the third water storage area, a third valve and a water pump are arranged on the water discharge pipe, a water overflow area is arranged at the lower layer of the tank, and the liquid laminar flow phenomenon is conveniently observed in an experimental observation area.
As a further improvement measure of the invention, the supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental device is characterized in that a grid bearing plate is arranged between the porous medium area and the overflow area, through holes which are uniformly distributed and run through in the longitudinal direction are arranged on the grid bearing plate, and the medium is arranged on the grid bearing plate.
As a further improvement measure of the invention, in the supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental device, the porous medium areas are arranged into 3-6 layers, the bottom of each layer of porous medium area is provided with a grid bearing plate, and the through holes of the grid bearing plate positioned at the lower layer are larger than the through holes of the grid bearing plate positioned at the upper layer.
As a further improvement measure of the invention, the supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental device is characterized in that the overflow area is set to be 3-10 areas, a support member is arranged between the grid bearing plate and the bottom of the overflow area, and a support member is arranged between the grid bearing plate and the grid bearing plate.
As a further improvement measure of the invention, in the supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental device, the diameter of the through hole of the grid bearing plate positioned at the bottom layer is set to be 2-3.5 cm, and the diameter of the through hole of the grid bearing plate positioned at the top layer is set to be 0.3-1 cm.
As a further improvement measure of the present invention, in the above supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental apparatus, a spraying mechanism is disposed at a water outlet of the first water pipe.
As a further improvement measure of the invention, the supply and discharge integrated laminar flow experimental device comprises a straight pipe, an annular flange is arranged at the pipe orifice of the straight pipe, a disc-shaped water baffle is arranged above the pipe orifice of the straight pipe, and a supporting strip is arranged between the water baffle and the flange.
As a further improvement measure of the invention, in the supply and discharge integrated laminar flow experimental device, a sealing element is arranged between the straight pipe and the bottom of the tank body, so that liquid in the tank body can be prevented from overflowing from the space between the tank body and the straight pipe.
As another improvement measure of the invention, in the supply and discharge integrated laminar flow experimental device, the straight pipe is fixedly connected with the bottom of the tank body, so that liquid in the tank body can be prevented from overflowing from the tank body to the straight pipe.
As a further improvement measure of the present invention, in the supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental apparatus, the side wall of the tank body is provided with a transparent observation area, and the transparent side wall is arranged, so that experimental observation is facilitated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. according to the invention, the water storage area I and the water storage area II are arranged, so that different water bodies with different temperatures or densities and the like can be conveniently placed, and natural phenomena can be simulated by arranging the spraying mechanism, so that the experimental effect is obvious; 2. by arranging the water inlet device, kinetic energy of a water body is dispersed through the liquid shunting effect, and lower water flow can stably flow into the tank body, so that a layered flow interface is clear and the observation effect is good; 3. by arranging the porous medium area, the water flow can be further stabilized, and a better layered flow interface is achieved; 4. the invention has simple structure, obvious phenomenon and convenient operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a grid support plate structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged structure schematic diagram of the water inlet device of the invention.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the water intake device of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate: 1-groove body, 2-water storage area I, 3-water storage area II, 4-water storage area III, 11-overflow area, 12-porous medium area, 13-experimental observation area, 14-grid bearing plate, 15-through hole, 16-supporting piece, 17-straight pipe, 18-flange, 19-water baffle, 110-supporting strip, 21-water pipe I, 22-valve I, 23-spraying mechanism, 31-water pipe II, 32-valve II, 41-water discharge pipe, 42-valve III and 43-water pump.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
It should be noted that when two elements are referred to as being "fixedly connected" or "fixedly secured", the two elements may be directly connected or intervening elements may also be present, and the terms "horizontal", "upper", "lower", and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the supply and discharge integrated laminar flow experimental apparatus includes a tank 1, a first water storage area 2 for storing a first water body and a second water storage area 3 for storing a second water body, wherein the first water storage area 2 is used for storing a liquid with a high temperature or a low density and entering from the upper part of the tank 1, and the second water storage area 3 is used for storing a liquid with a low temperature or a high density and entering from the lower part of the tank 1; the water storage tank comprises a water storage area I2, a water conveying pipe I21, a valve I22, a spray mechanism 23 and a spray head, wherein the water conveying pipe I21 is arranged between the water storage area I2 and the tank body 1, a water outlet of the water conveying pipe I21 is formed in the upper portion of the tank body 1, the valve I22 is arranged on the water conveying pipe I21 and used for controlling the flow and the flow speed of water on the water conveying pipe I21, the water outlet of the water conveying pipe I21 is provided with the spray mechanism 23, the spray head is arranged on the spray mechanism 23, water is sprayed through the spray head. In the case where the tank body 1 is long, a plurality of shower mechanisms 23 may be provided.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, a second water delivery pipe 31 is arranged between the second water storage area 3 and the tank body 1, a water inlet device is arranged at the bottom of the tank body 1, and the lower end of the water inlet device penetrates through the bottom of the tank body 1 and is fixedly connected with the second water delivery pipe 31; and a second valve 32 is arranged on the second water conveying pipe 31, and the second valve 32 can control the flow rate and the flow velocity of the water body in the second water conveying pipe 31. The water inlet device comprises a straight pipe 17, an annular flange 18 is arranged at the pipe orifice of the straight pipe 17, when the water pressure of water flow is small, water can flow out along the annular flange 18 after flowing out from the pipe orifice of the straight pipe 17, the water flow is stable, when the water pressure of the water flow is large, the water can be sprayed upwards from the pipe orifice of the straight pipe 17, a disc-shaped water baffle plate 19 needs to be arranged above the pipe orifice of the straight pipe 17, when the water flow touches the water baffle plate 19, the water flow can flow towards the peripheral lateral direction along the water baffle plate 19 and the flange 18, so that the water flow energy can be reduced, and the water flow or overflow mode of the nature can be simulated; a support bar 110 is provided between the splash plate 19 and the flange 18 for supporting the splash plate 19. A sealing element is arranged between the straight pipe 17 and the bottom of the tank body 1, so that water can be prevented from overflowing from the bottom of the tank body 1; the straight pipe 17 and the bottom of the tank body 1 can also be fixedly connected, such as sealing by welding directly, and the water body can be prevented from overflowing from the edge of the straight pipe 17 from the bottom of the tank body 1.
As shown in fig. 1, a drainage device is arranged at the bottom of the tank body 1, the drainage device comprises a drainage pipe 41, one end of the drainage pipe 41 is opened at the bottom of the tank body 1, the drainage pipe 41 is connected with the third 4 of the water storage area, a water pump 43 is arranged on the drainage pipe 41, and after an experiment is finished, the water pump 43 can pump water into the third 4 of the water storage area for recycling.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the tank 1 is provided with three regions, an overflow region 11, a porous medium region 12 and an experimental observation region 13.
The overflow area 11 is arranged at the lower layer of the tank body 1, and the water inlet device and the water discharge device are both arranged in the overflow area 11.
The water overflow device is characterized in that a porous medium area 12 containing media is arranged above the water overflow area 11, a grid bearing plate 14 is arranged between the porous medium area 12 and the water overflow area 11, through holes 15 which are uniformly distributed and run through in the longitudinal direction are formed in the grid bearing plate 14, the media are arranged on the grid bearing plate 14, the diameter of the media is larger than that of the through holes 15, the media can be prevented from falling below the grid bearing plate 14, and the media can be set into stones, rubber blocks and the like. The porous medium areas 12 are arranged into 4 layers, the bottom of each porous medium area 12 is provided with a grid bearing plate 14, the through holes 15 of the grid bearing plate 14 at the lower layer are larger than the through holes 15 of the grid bearing plate 14 at the upper layer, the diameter of the medium on the grid bearing plate 14 at the lower layer is also larger than the diameter of the medium on the grid bearing plate 14 at the upper layer, if the diameter of the through holes 15 of the grid bearing plate 14 at the bottom layer is set to be 3cm, the diameter of the medium on the grid bearing plate 14 at the bottom layer is larger than 3cm, the diameter of the through holes 15 of the grid bearing plate 14 at the top layer is set to be 0.3cm, the diameter of the medium on the grid bearing plate 14 at the top layer is larger than 0.3cm, and the diameter of the through holes 15 and the diameter of the medium have certain influence on the experimental effect, in the invention, through most experimental designs, the, the diameter of the through hole 15 of the grid bearing plate 14 on the top layer is set to be 0.3cm, and the experimental effect is good. The diameter of the grid bearing plate 14 between the bottom grid bearing plate 14 and the top grid bearing plate 14 is between 0.3cm and 3cm, so that on one hand, media cannot fall into the through holes 15 of the corresponding grid bearing plate 14 below the grid bearing plate, and meanwhile, as the diameter of the media on the grid bearing plate 14 of the next layer is large, the gap between the media is large, the flow speed of the water body is high, the diameter of the media on the grid bearing plate 14 of the previous layer is small, the gap between the media is small, the media of the previous layer can block and shunt the water flow of the lower part, when the media of the uppermost layer is small, the effect of simulating the overflow or seepage of the water body in a natural state can be achieved, and the experiment effect is good. The through holes of the grid support plate 14 may be square through holes, rectangular through holes, or oval through holes.
Set up experiment observation area 13 at the lateral wall of cell body 1, experiment observation area 13's lateral wall is provided with transparent observation area, and through setting up the lateral wall of transparent form, convenient experiment observation can clearly observe liquid layering and the phenomenon that flows each other between two kinds of liquid, and the experimental effect is obvious.
In the present invention, when a large-scale stratified flow experiment needs to be simulated, the overflow area 11 may be set to 3 to 10 areas, and a support 16 for supporting the upper grid support plate 14 and the medium is provided between the grid support plate 14 and the bottom of the overflow area 11. A support 16 is also provided between the grid support plate 14 and the grid support plate 14 for supporting the grid support plate 14 and the media.
During demonstration, clear water is placed in the water storage area I2, brine is placed in the water storage area II 3, the valve II 32 is opened firstly, the brine enters the overflow area 11 from the water inlet device through the water delivery pipe II 31, when the water body in the overflow area 11 is filled, the water body can seep upwards from the porous medium area 12, as the gaps among the media of the porous medium area 12 are gradually reduced from bottom to top, the brine gradually seeps out from bottom to top, when the brine overflows to half of the porous medium area 12, the valve I22 is opened, the clear water is sprayed out from the spray head arranged on the spray mechanism 23, the clear water seeps downwards from the upper part of the porous medium area 12, the clear water covers the upper part of the brine, when the clear water is gradually increased and the brine is gradually increased, the clear water is contacted with the brine, when the brine and the clear water are continuously increased, the clear water is integrally lifted upwards, when the level of the brine exceeds the surface of the porous medium area 12, clear interface can be formed between clear water and salt water, wave-shaped movement is formed on the interface, the clear water and the salt water cannot be mixed with each other, liquid layering can be observed clearly through the experimental observation area 13, and the experimental effect is obvious. Wave-like liquid motion is also formed at the interface between the fresh water and the brine. After the experiment is finished, the first valve 22 and the second valve 32 can be closed, the third valve 42 is opened, and the water in the tank body 1 is pumped into the third water storage area 4 by the water pump 43 for water recovery.
By utilizing the method, the liquid with different temperatures can be used for demonstration, and the experimental phenomenon is obvious.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several modifications and improvements may be made without departing from the present invention, and these should be construed as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a supply and arrange integrative laminar flow experimental apparatus, includes cell body (1), is used for storing water storage area one (2) of water body one and is used for storing water storage area two (3) of water body two, its characterized in that: a water pipe I (21) is arranged between the water storage area I (2) and the tank body (1), a valve I (22) is arranged on the water pipe I (21), a water pipe II (31) is arranged between the water storage area II (3) and the tank body (1), a valve II (32) is arranged on the water pipe II (31), a water outlet of the water pipe I (21) is arranged above the tank body (1), a water inlet device is arranged at the bottom of the tank body (1), the lower end of the water inlet device penetrates through the bottom of the tank body (1) and is connected with the water pipe II (31), a water discharge device is arranged at the bottom of the tank body (1) and comprises a water discharge pipe (41), the water discharge pipe (41) is connected with a water storage area III (4), a valve III (42) and a water pump (43) are arranged on the water discharge pipe (41), an overflow area (11) is arranged at the lower layer of the tank body (1), a porous medium area (12) containing a medium is arranged above the, an experimental observation zone (13) is disposed above the porous medium zone (12).
2. The supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a grid bearing plate (14) is arranged between the porous medium area (12) and the overflow area (11), through holes (15) which are uniformly distributed and run through in the longitudinal direction are arranged on the grid bearing plate (14), and the medium is arranged on the grid bearing plate (14).
3. The supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the porous medium areas (12) are arranged into 3-6 layers, the bottom of each layer of porous medium area (12) is provided with a grid bearing plate (14), and the through holes (15) of the grid bearing plate (14) positioned at the lower layer are larger than the through holes (15) of the grid bearing plate (14) positioned at the upper layer.
4. A supply and exhaust integrated stratified flow experimental apparatus according to claim 3, wherein: the overflow area (11) is set to 3 to 10 areas, a support member (16) is arranged between the grid support plate (14) and the bottom of the overflow area (11), and a support member (16) is arranged between the grid support plate (14) and the grid support plate (14).
5. The supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the diameter of the through holes (15) of the grid bearing plate (14) positioned at the bottom layer is set to be 2-3.5 cm, and the diameter of the through holes (15) of the grid bearing plate (14) positioned at the top layer is set to be 0.3-1 cm.
6. The supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a spraying mechanism (23) is arranged at the water outlet of the first water delivery pipe (21).
7. The supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water inlet device comprises a straight pipe (17), an annular flange (18) is arranged at the pipe orifice of the straight pipe (17), a disc-shaped water baffle plate (19) is arranged above the pipe orifice of the straight pipe (17), and a supporting strip (110) is arranged between the water baffle plate (19) and the flange (18).
8. The supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein: and a sealing element is arranged between the straight pipe (17) and the bottom of the tank body (1).
9. The supply and discharge integrated stratified flow experimental apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the straight pipe (17) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the tank body (1).
10. A supply and exhaust body stratified flow experimental apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the side wall of the tank body (1) is provided with a transparent observation area.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911169088.9A CN110827628A (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Supply and arrange integrative laminar flow experimental apparatus |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911169088.9A CN110827628A (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Supply and arrange integrative laminar flow experimental apparatus |
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| CN110827628A true CN110827628A (en) | 2020-02-21 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114495651A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-13 | 台州学院 | Internal wave experimental device |
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2019
- 2019-11-26 CN CN201911169088.9A patent/CN110827628A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114495651A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-13 | 台州学院 | Internal wave experimental device |
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