CN110822942A

CN110822942A - Three-dimensional cobweb laminated tube type heat exchanger based on bionics

Info

Publication number: CN110822942A
Application number: CN201911202902.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高一可; 王俊伟
Original assignee: Shaanxi Yixin Weichuang Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shaanxi Yixin Weichuang Intelligent Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-29
Filing date: 2019-11-29
Publication date: 2020-02-21
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-29
Also published as: CN110822942B

Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic three-dimensional cobweb laminated tube type heat exchanger, which comprises a plurality of layers of regular polygon mesh type pipelines, wherein each mesh type pipeline comprises a plurality of bent tubes with the same structure, each bent tube gradually and inwards surrounds the center of a regular polygon from the outermost side of the regular polygon, and is bent towards the center on the radius of a circumscribed circle of the regular polygon to form a bent section, the bent sections of two adjacent bent tubes are fixed together through flexible buckles, the outer ends of all bent tubes are respectively communicated with an inlet through corresponding shunt pipelines, and one ends of all bent tubes close to the center are communicated with an outlet through a central collecting pipe. The heat exchanger has the advantages of high heat exchange capacity per unit mass, uniform distribution of medium fluid, stable structure, small pressure loss, difficult blockage and strong adaptability, and can adapt to conventional deformation.

Description

Three-dimensional cobweb laminated tube type heat exchanger based on bionics

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of heat exchange equipment, and relates to a bionic three-dimensional cobweb laminated tube type heat exchanger.

Background

The prior heat exchange of power electronic and chemical systems, and radiators and oil-way preheaters of automobile and aircraft engine systems mainly comprise heat pipe type, fin type, micro-channel type, plate type, tubular type and other structures. Wherein, heat pipe formula radiator is used for electronic chip heat dissipation more, and it adds "hot superconductive" effect of heat conduction through the phase transition and transmits the heat to the hot section by cold junction rapidly, high efficiency, is about to the heat from narrow and small space to the ability in big space rapidly. Generally, the main body of the heat pipe is composed of a brass pipe, the inside of the main body is a net-shaped adsorption structure composed of fine metal wires, one end of the main body is fixed in a high-temperature area and is an evaporation section of the heat pipe, and the other end of the main body is fixed in a lower-temperature area and is a condensation section of the heat pipe. In the electronic heat dissipation industry, the cold end of a heat pipe is usually welded on a finned radiator, and by the aid of the strong air convection heat dissipation effect of a fan and the compact large-area structure of the finned radiator, a large amount of heat sources such as chips can be instantly brought to the radiator end through evaporation condensation circulation inside the heat pipe, and then the heat in the cold end radiator is transferred to a large space through strong convection sources such as a fan; the micro-channel is a novel heat exchanger structure which is developed quickly and widely in recent years, and the principle is that a plurality of channels with small hydraulic diameter are obtained in a limited volume through processing technologies such as etching, so that the heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger is also increased. The straight micro-channel structure is usually applied and researched more, has the advantages of small flow resistance and strong heat exchange, and is widely applied to the industries of air conditioners and the like. Plate and tube heat exchangers, as the longest history and most widely used heat exchanger structural style, are still in the leading position in the current industrial heat exchange field. The plate heat exchanger is mainly used in a small and miniature distributed power generation system and in the food industry, concave-convex runner structures which are different in shape and can strengthen heat exchange and effectively control pressure loss are processed by using processes such as stamping and the like on a square metal plate (usually made of stainless steel and the like), and then the plate sheets are sequentially overlapped according to a layer of cold fluid and a layer of hot fluid by fastening processes such as high-temperature glue, bolts and the like to form a compact heat exchanger with high heat exchange efficiency, so that the plate heat exchanger becomes the most popular heat exchange structural form at present; the tubular heat exchanger is simple in structure and convenient to process, and the tubular heat exchanger can be large-sized generally, so that the tubular heat exchanger is often applied to occasions requiring high-power heat exchange, such as petrochemical engineering, large-scale power plants and the like, and the tubular heat exchanger can be bent into different shapes according to different installation requirements so as to meet different installation requirements.

The conventional heat exchanger is developed mainly by the following routes: firstly, in order to have a larger heat exchange amount in a smaller volume, i.e. a larger heat exchange power per unit volume, usually, as many flow channels as possible are obtained in a heat exchange core body with a certain volume through processes such as etching. The microchannel heat exchanger belongs to the structure, but when the hydraulic diameter of the flow channel is continuously reduced to a certain degree, the pressure loss of the flow channel is rapidly increased. At this time, the increase in heat exchange amount by reducing the hydraulic diameter of the flow passage has not made up for the loss of pumping power due to pressure loss during the flow. Therefore, the method for infinitely increasing the heat exchange area in the unit volume by the conventional method does not have operability; the other route is that through the research and development of new materials and new processing technology, the heat exchanger is continuously upgraded in the current traditional structure and develops towards lighter and smaller direction. However, in terms of the widely applied U-shaped tube type and traditional plate type structures in the industry at present, the process is mature, the U-shaped tube type and traditional plate type structures are generally used in high-power equipment, but the U-shaped tube type and traditional plate type structures are large in mass and inconvenient to install, local backflow is easily formed in the flowing process, and the whole heat exchange capacity is difficult to further improve. The research and development of new materials and new processes require a large amount of experimental investment, and the requirements on capital and the like are high. In addition, for parts such as a high-temperature regenerator, the pressure loss of a flow path is controlled on the premise that the flow path is uniformly distributed in multiple stages in order to meet certain heat exchange requirements in a small space. How to control pressure loss and reduce mass on the premise of meeting the requirement of heat exchange is a core problem needing to be researched in the aspects of removing processes, materials and the like and developing the heat exchange field at present. With regard to this problem, a novel three-dimensional cobweb-like tubular structure heat exchanger has been proposed, on the basis of keeping tubular heat exchanger advantage, has carried out optimal design to its structure, under the prerequisite that satisfies the heat transfer flow resistance, owing to used for reference the special construction of cobweb, its unique adaptive structure can be so that the heat exchanger has bigger flexibility in the installation. The structure is suitable for solving schemes such as a high-temperature air fuel oil regenerator and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a bionic three-dimensional cobweb laminated tube type heat exchanger which has the advantages of high heat exchange capacity per unit mass, uniform distribution of medium fluid, stable structure, small pressure loss, difficult blockage, strong adaptability, capability of adapting to conventional deformation and capability of solving the problems in the prior art.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the bionic three-dimensional cobweb laminated tube type heat exchanger comprises a plurality of layers of regular polygon mesh type pipelines, each mesh type pipeline comprises a plurality of bent tubes with the same structure, each bent tube gradually and inwards surrounds to the center of a regular polygon from the outermost side of the regular polygon, each bent tube is bent towards the center on the radius of a circumscribed circle of the regular polygon to form a bent section, the bent sections of two adjacent bent tubes are fixed together through flexible buckles, the outer ends of all bent tubes are respectively communicated with inlets through corresponding shunt pipelines, and one ends of all bent tubes close to the center are communicated with outlets through a central collecting tube.

Furthermore, the inlet is arranged right above the central axis of the net-shaped pipeline, and the lengths of the branch pipelines communicated with the bent pipes on the same layer are the same.

Furthermore, the junction of the shunt pipeline and the inlet is a flow channel structure with streamline characteristics and circumferential symmetry.

Furthermore, the central collecting pipe is arranged on a central axis of the net-shaped pipeline, and an outlet is arranged right below the central axis of the net-shaped pipeline.

Furthermore, the first bending section and the last bending section of each bending pipe are positioned on the same radius or different radii of a circumscribed circle of the regular polygon.

Furthermore, the flexible buckle is a U-shaped metal component with an opening on one side, the inner contour of the flexible buckle is matched with the shape of the bending section of the corresponding bending pipe, and the size of the opening is smaller than the pipe diameter of the bending section.

Furthermore, the bending part of the flexible buckle is in smooth transition connection.

Furthermore, the radial bending distance of each bending section of the bending pipe is 5-9 mm.

Furthermore, the interlayer spacing of the net-shaped pipeline is 2-5 times of the pipe diameter of the bent pipe.

Furthermore, the heat exchangers are combined and expanded along the circumferential array, and the flow dividing pipelines of each heat exchanger unit are communicated with each other and uniformly distributed; or the heat exchangers are combined and expanded along the axial array, and the outlet of the previous heat exchanger unit is communicated with the inlet of the next heat exchange unit.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the heat exchanger of the embodiment of the invention has high heat exchange capacity per unit mass; the net-shaped pipeline is similar to a spider net structure, a compact cross flow structure is formed, the path of each bent pipe is shortest under the conditions of the same volume and the same heat exchange amount, the occupied space is small, the heat exchange amount per unit mass is improved, the mass is small, and the net-shaped pipeline is suitable for strengthening heat transfer in a small space.

2. The heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the medium fluid is uniformly distributed, and the structure is stable; import and export along the axis setting of net type pipeline, the reposition of redundant personnel pipeline length that communicates every bent pipe is the same, and every bent pipe's structure is the same completely, and the mounted position symmetry has improved the fluid and has distributed the homogeneity in reposition of redundant personnel pipeline, net type pipeline, and every pipeline is the flexonics except for reposition of redundant personnel, confluence inlet outlet department for welded fastening, all the other positions, has guaranteed structural stability.

3. The heat exchanger greatly reduces the pressure drop on the premise of ensuring the heat exchange efficiency, and is not easy to block; on the premise of ensuring the heat exchange quantity, the path of each bent pipe is shortest, and the pressure drop of internal fluid is reduced to the maximum extent; because net type pipeline is dispersion, evenly arranged in the whole space, has great pipeline clearance, and the pipeline has good, abundant contact with outside fluid, has both guaranteed the low resistance of outside flow, is difficult for blockking, has guaranteed again that pipeline structure occupies whole space, improves heat exchange efficiency.

4. The heat exchanger has strong adaptability; the number of layers of the net-shaped pipelines along the axial direction is adjustable, the layer interval of the net-shaped pipelines is adjustable, the radial bending distance of the bending pipe at each bending section is adjustable, the overall structure can be correspondingly adjusted according to different use scenes, different structural forms are derived, and the net-shaped pipeline bending device has strong applicability. The bending times of each bent pipe are more, the heat exchanger has good adaptability to incoming flow hot gas and thermal stress strain, and the deformation under the conventional scale cannot damage the whole heat exchanger structure.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bionic three-dimensional cobweb-based laminated-structure tube heat exchanger in example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of a bionic three-dimensional cobweb-based laminated-structure tube heat exchanger in example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view a-a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged view at B in fig. 1.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection of the flexible snap with the buckle section.

Fig. 6a is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible buckle in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6b is another schematic structural diagram of the flexible buckle in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic circumferential expansion diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is an axial expansion schematic diagram of embodiment 2 of the invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the internal structure of an inlet branch line in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a mesh-type pipeline in embodiment 3 of the present invention, which is pentagonal.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a conventional shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

Fig. 12a is a schematic structural view of a prior art spiral coil heat exchanger.

Fig. 12b is a partial enlarged view of fig. 12 a.

In the figure, 1, an inlet, 2, a shunt pipeline, 3, a net-shaped pipeline, 4, a bending section, 5, an outlet, 6, a bending pipe, 61, a first bending pipe, 62, a second bending pipe, 63, a third bending pipe, 64, a fourth bending pipe, 65, a fifth bending pipe, 66, a sixth bending pipe, 12, a central collecting pipe, 13, a flexible buckle, 131, a first flexible buckle and 132, a second flexible buckle.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the case of the example 1, the following examples are given,

the embodiment of the invention is based on the structure of a bionic three-dimensional cobweb laminated tube type heat exchanger, as shown in fig. 1-5, the bionic three-dimensional cobweb laminated tube type heat exchanger comprises a plurality of layers of regular hexagonal net type pipelines 3, each net type pipeline 3 comprises 6 bent tubes 6 with the same structure, specifically, a first bent tube 61, a second bent tube 62, a third bent tube 63, a fourth bent tube 64, a fifth bent tube 65 and a sixth bent tube 66, each bent tube 6 gradually surrounds from the outermost side of a regular hexagon to the center of the regular hexagon, and is bent towards the center on the radius of a circumscribed circle of the regular hexagon to form a bent section 4, the bent sections 4 of two adjacent bent tubes 6 are fixed together through flexible buckles 13, the outer ends of all bent tubes 6 are respectively communicated with an inlet 1 through corresponding shunt tubes 2, and the center ends of all bent tubes 6 are communicated with an outlet 5 through a center collecting tube 12.

The inlet 1 is arranged right above the central axis of the mesh type pipeline 3, the length of the shunt pipelines 2 communicated with the bent pipes 6 on the same layer is the same, the central collecting pipe 12 is arranged on the central axis of the mesh type pipeline 3, and the outlet 5 is arranged right below the central axis of the mesh type pipeline 3; because of the structural characteristics that the whole inlet and outlet are straight in and out along the central axis, the pipeline can be directly installed in a pipeline.

Heat exchange medium enters the heat exchanger from a general inlet 1, the joint of the shunt pipeline 2 and the inlet 1 is a flow channel structure which has the streamline characteristic and is symmetrical in the circumferential direction, the uniform flow distribution is ensured as shown in figure 9, the joint of the shunt pipeline 2 and the inlet 1 can be obtained by adopting a casting mode or manufactured by using a 3D printing technology, and secondary welding is carried out on each interface.

The number of the bending sections 4 of the net-shaped pipeline 3 is large, the bending sections 4 of two adjacent bending pipes 6 are fixed together through the flexible buckles 13, the structure of the flexible buckles 13 is shown in fig. 6a-6b, the flexible buckles 13 are U-shaped metal components with one sides opened, the inner contour of each flexible buckle 13 is matched with the shape of the corresponding bending section 4 of the corresponding bending pipe 6 and is installed along with the shape, and the size of each opening is smaller than the pipe diameter of the corresponding bending section 4; flexible buckle 13 can select for use stainless steel or aluminum alloy material usually according to pipeline structure, and flexible buckle 13 is whole nonrigid, and self can offset partly energy when vibration is strong, can release the thermal stress because the local difference in temperature brings under the temperature variation environment, has good thermal stress adaptability and structural stability, is superior to conventional welded tubular heat exchanger, still has better change convenience. The flexible buckle 13 can be replaced by various structures, as shown in fig. 6a-6b, the structure is simple, the processing is convenient, the internal stress caused by metal bending is reduced in the dismounting process, and the reliability of clamping is improved; the bending part of the flexible buckle 13 is in smooth transition connection, that is, the second flexible buckle 132 in fig. 6b changes the right-angle bending design of the first flexible buckle 131 in fig. 6a into an arc-shaped smooth transition design, so that the local stress concentration generated during installation or system vibration is reduced, and the flexible buckle has higher deformation strength and installation reliability.

According to the pressure loss requirement and the processability of external fluid, the radial bending distance of each bending section 4 of the bent pipe 6 is 5-9mm, and if the distance is too small, the pipeline is easy to interfere in the strong vibration process; when the distance is too large, the structure of the bent part is easy to be too loose, which is not beneficial to the stability of the whole structure, and the bending at the position can cause more adverse effect on the pressure loss. The interlayer spacing of the net-shaped pipeline 3 is 2-5 times of the pipe diameter of the bent pipe 6, the numerical value is reasonable for the overall size (the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the regular polygon) of the heat exchange structure, and if the interlayer spacing is too small, the pipe bundles are arranged too densely, so that the heat exchange is insufficient during cross flow; if the layer spacing is large, space is wasted on the one hand, and the compactness and stability of the overall structure are reduced along with the space.

The 6 bent pipes 6 in the regular-hexagon net-shaped pipeline 3 have the same structure, are similar to a spider net structure, have a good self-similar structure, have good stability in the whole structure, and are beneficial to controlling pressure loss, and the angle of the bent section 4 is controlled within the range of not less than 60 degrees; the straight tube structure is arranged between the bending sections 4 of each bending tube 6, so that the system can be guaranteed to have lower flow resistance, the whole structure can have hexagonal self-similarity characteristics, and the empty space utilization rate and the stability of the whole structure can be better improved when the multi-stage heat exchange unit is combined.

Example 2

The embodiment of the invention is based on the combination and expansion of the bionic three-dimensional cobweb laminated tube type heat exchanger along the circumferential array, and the shunt pipelines 2 of each heat exchanger unit are communicated and uniformly distributed; or the heat exchangers are combined and expanded along the axial array, and the outlet 5 of the previous heat exchanger unit is communicated with the inlet 1 of the next heat exchange unit; or can be combined and expanded along the circumferential direction and the axial direction simultaneously, as shown in figures 7-8; on the premise of not increasing the installation difficulty, various overall structural forms can be obtained, the assembly, disassembly, combination and expansion are convenient, the combination characteristic and the installation flexibility are good, and the heat exchanger is suitable for different heat exchange requirements and different installation spaces; because the hexagon has from similarity structure, guaranteeing under the unchangeable prerequisite of whole processing degree of difficulty, arrange along axial or circumference array, realize bigger hexagon heat exchanger structure in great space, do not change the processing degree of difficulty, only need the total fuel pipeline of concrete design. If the low flow fuel needs higher heat exchange efficiency, then can increase heat transfer unit series connection figure along the axial, as shown in fig. 8, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing that the pressure loss does not take place obvious change, improve on-the-way length and reposition of redundant personnel figure, can obviously promote heat transfer effect. The arrangement has certain axial flexibility, the turning angle of the flange connection part of the inlet and the outlet of the two heat exchange units can be designed according to the shape of the high-temperature gas flow passage, or the inlet and the outlet of the two heat exchange units are connected by flexible pipelines, so that the environment matching performance of the whole heat exchange system is improved.

Example 3

The net-shaped pipeline 3 can be in regular polygon structures such as regular triangle, regular quadrangle and regular pentagon besides regular hexagon, the net-shaped pipelines 3 in multiple layers of regular polygons form a compact cross flow structure, the stability is high, the structures of the bent pipes 6 are completely the same, the installation positions are symmetrical, so that the uniform distribution of fluid in the diversion pipeline 2 and the net-shaped pipeline 3 is ensured, the path of each bent pipe 6 is shortest under the conditions of the same volume and the same heat exchange amount, and the pressure drop is greatly reduced; the device has small mass in a limited volume and can meet the installation requirement under the requirement of small load.

The first bending section 4 and the last bending section 4 of the bending pipe 6 are located on the same radius of the circumscribed circle of the regular polygon or on different radii, as shown in fig. 10, the first bending section 4 and the last bending section 4 of each bending pipe 6 can be not located on the same radius of the circumscribed circle of the regular pentagon, but if the first bending section 4 and the last bending section 4 of each bending pipe 6 are located on the same radius of the circumscribed circle of the regular polygon, the welding tool is simpler, the fixing method is simpler and more convenient, the efficiency can be improved, and the high-efficiency batch production of products is realized.

The working process of the invention is as follows: the heat exchange structure is arranged at the outlet end of high-temperature airflow or high-temperature airflow with a similar section in a circular pipeline, cold medium fluid enters from an inlet 1, is uniformly divided into 6 strands through a shunt pipeline 2, flows into the outer end of a bent pipe 6 corresponding to each layer of net-shaped pipeline 3, flows along a hexagonal spider-web radial bent spiral line from outside to inside in the medium fluid in each bent pipe 6, flows into a central collecting pipe 12, finally flows out from an outlet 5, and exchanges heat with incoming hot air from bottom to top.

Because the order that fluid got into the pipeline reposition of redundant personnel is import 1, reposition of redundant personnel pipeline 2, kinked tube 6 in proper order to the tube bank increases gradually, then the pipeline diameter reduces in proper order. In order to ensure a low pressure loss in the pipeline and require a low flow rate of the fluid, the diameter of the secondary pipeline is usually set to be not less than the square root of the ratio of the number of the primary pipeline to the number of the secondary pipeline, and multiplied by a fractal coefficient, which is usually 1.05-1.25, to realize the double optimization of the geometry and the flow. This ratio should be larger if it is considered that the internal fluid is heated, and even evaporation, etc. may occur.

With fuel preheating as a background, limiting the pipe inner diameter of an inlet 1 in example 1 to be 5mm, the inner diameter of a shunt pipeline 2 to be 3mm, the inner diameter of each bent pipe 6 of a mesh type pipeline 3 to be 1.6mm, the radial bending distance of each bent pipe 6 at each bending section 4 to be 7mm, and the interlayer spacing of the mesh type pipeline 3 to be 10mm, and performing full three-dimensional numerical simulation to obtain heat exchange results shown in table 1, wherein the fuel flow and the air flow of example 1 are respectively increased by 2 times, and the obtained heat exchange results are shown in tables 2-3;

table 1 heat exchange results of inventive example 1

TABLE 2 Heat exchange results for fuel flow increase of 2 fold in inventive example 1

TABLE 3 Heat exchange results for air flow increase of 2 fold for inventive example 1

As can be seen from Table 1, under the rated working condition, the heat exchange amount is 3.7kW, when the material is stainless steel, the mass is 0.114kg, and as can be seen from Table 3, the pressure loss is only 0.22kPa, the influence on the pressure loss of hot fluid is small, and the heat exchanger is suitable for parts sensitive to the pressure change of high-temperature gas at the hot side, such as a gas heat exchange part between a compressor and an engine or a preheating gas inlet of an electric power system.

As can be seen from tables 2-3, when the fuel flow and the air flow are respectively increased to 2 times, the pressure loss is increased to 4 times, the pressure loss at a small flow is controlled within 50kPa, and the vibration and the strength of the system are hardly influenced; the heat exchange amount is respectively increased by 21.6 percent and 29.7 percent, and the device has good variable working condition adaptability.

Compared with the traditional shell-and-tube heat exchanger (as shown in figure 11), the heat exchanger has a flexible modular structure form, and is beneficial to cleaning and installation; compared with the conventional spiral coil type heat exchanger (the structure is shown in figures 12a-12 b), the heat exchange structure has the advantages of small heat exchange temperature difference, small on-way resistance and light weight; considering that a single pipeline of the spiral coil type heat exchanger is long and has great flow resistance, the flow of the fuel oil in the single pipeline is the same as that of the bent pipe 6 in the cobweb-like structure, and the heat exchange result is shown in table 4;

TABLE 4 Heat exchange results for conventional spiral coil heat exchangers

As can be seen from Table 4, the conventional spiral coil type heat exchanger is mainly suitable for heat exchange under low flow and high temperature difference; this is mainly because the spiral coil flow is longer, and the heat transfer difference in temperature is big, and on-the-way resistance is big to the structure of spiral coil is usually along the axis compacter, and whole quality is great, and the flow requirement is big more, and the coil quantity is more, and whole quality is big more.

The advantages of the invention are as follows:

1. the heat exchanger of the embodiment of the invention has high heat exchange capacity per unit mass; the net-shaped pipeline 3 is similar to a spider net structure, a compact cross flow structure is formed, the path of each bent pipe 6 is shortest under the conditions of the same volume and the same heat exchange amount, the occupied space is small, the heat exchange amount per unit mass is improved, the mass is small, and the net-shaped pipeline is suitable for strengthening heat transfer in a small space. Import 1 has carried out two-stage evenly distributed through reposition of redundant personnel pipeline 2 and bent pipe 6, and the import is located net type pipeline 3 axis directly over, and the reposition of redundant personnel pipeline 2 length that communicates every bent pipe 6 is the same, and bent pipe 6 is net type pipeline 3's basic unit, has high repeatability, easily processing, and the mounted position is symmetrical, and stability is high.

2. The heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the medium fluid is uniformly distributed, and the structure is stable; the inlet and the outlet are arranged along the central axis of the net-shaped pipeline 3, the lengths of the branch pipelines 2 communicated with the bent pipes 6 are the same, the structures of the bent pipes 6 are completely the same, the installation positions are symmetrical, the distribution uniformity of fluid in the branch pipelines 2 and the net-shaped pipeline 3 is improved, the uniform distribution of the fluid ensures the reduction of the temperature difference heat transfer quantity of the whole system, the efficiency (for fire use) is higher, and particularly in a small power station, the device has obvious benefit advantages for improving the output power of the whole power system; besides, the fluid dynamic characteristic and the structural vibration characteristic of the whole system are greatly improved, all the pipelines are in flexible connection except for the positions of the shunting and converging inlets and outlets which are welded and fixed, and the bending sections 4 of two adjacent bending pipes 6 are fixed together through the flexible buckles 13, so that the thermal stress adaptability and the structural stability of the whole structure are improved; in addition, the bent pipe 6 has high repeatability and symmetrical installation position, so that the simulation calculation and the modular design are facilitated.

3. The heat exchanger disclosed by the embodiment of the invention greatly reduces the pressure drop on the premise of ensuring the heat exchange efficiency, and is not easy to block; on the premise of ensuring the heat exchange quantity, the path of each bent pipe 6 is shortest, and the pressure drop of the internal fluid is reduced to the maximum extent; the heat exchanger belongs to a hollow structure, and has good advantages in the aspect of external fluid pressure loss control; the net-shaped pipelines 3 are distributed and uniformly arranged in the whole space, so that larger pipeline gaps are formed, and the pipelines are in good and sufficient contact with external fluid, thereby ensuring low resistance of external flow, ensuring that the pipeline structure occupies the whole space, and reducing external thermal resistance of the pipelines; the pipeline layout combining counter-flow and cross-flow realizes the high-efficiency heat exchange between the external fluid and the fluid in the pipe in a certain volume, is not easy to block, has higher heat exchange efficiency, and is suitable for special application occasions such as an engine external outlet, an air cooler, liquid-liquid heat exchange and the like, chemical equipment, electric power equipment and the like. The heat exchanger of the invention has more bending sections 4, the flow at the inlet of the tube needs to be controlled to control the flow resistance in the tube, the Reynolds number is controlled within 1500,

wherein Re represents Reynolds number, rho represents fluid density, u represents fluid velocity, D represents characteristic length, mu represents viscosity coefficient, the flow form is controlled in the laminar range, thus ensuring that the flow in the pipe has small pressure loss and can also be ensured in the laminar range when the flow rate has small fluctuation.

4. The heat exchanger has strong adaptability; the number of layers of the net-shaped pipelines 3 along the axial direction is adjustable, the distance between the layers of the net-shaped pipelines 3 is adjustable, the radial bending distance of the bending pipe 6 at each bending section 4 is adjustable, the overall structure can be correspondingly adjusted according to different use scenes, different structural forms are derived, and the net-shaped pipeline bending device has high applicability. When the installation pipeline is a divergent pipe or a reducing pipe, the corresponding heat exchanger structure can be designed to be conical, namely the diameter of each layer of net-shaped pipeline 3 is sequentially increased or decreased, the length of the bent pipe 6 of each layer of net-shaped pipeline 3 is correspondingly increased, and a specific installation scene can be met; the structure can cause uneven heat exchange between the upper layer and the lower layer, but the flow of the fluid at each layer can be redistributed by increasing or decreasing the diameter of the pipeline at each layer, the heat exchange of the system can be optimized by the optimized mode, and the pressure loss can also be kept stable. The heat exchanger can enable external fluid to flow and exchange heat along a certain included angle in the axial vector and the radial vector of the heat exchanger, so that the use scene of the heat exchanger is expanded, and the adaptability is improved. The bending section 4 can ensure that when the external flow direction and the central axis of the pipeline form a fixed angle, the flow heat exchange along any circumferential direction can obtain the same effect; the included angle between the flowing direction of the external fluid and the central axis of the pipeline is within the range of 0-60 degrees, and the external flowing form of the heat exchanger can be changed by an overlarge included angle, so that the basic structure of the integral countercurrent is damaged, and the heat transfer effectiveness is reduced.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a range upon range of tubular heat exchanger based on bionical three-dimensional spider web, a serial communication port, including multilayer regular polygon's net type pipeline (3), net type pipeline (3) include many bend tube (6) that the structure is the same, every bend tube (6) inwards encircles to the regular polygon center gradually from regular polygon's the outside, and in the radius of regular polygon circumscribed circle to central bending type one-tenth bending segment (4), bending segment (4) of two adjacent bend tube (6) are together fixed through flexible buckle (13), all bend tube (6) outer ends are respectively through reposition of redundant personnel pipeline (2) intercommunication import (1) that correspond, all bend tube (6) are close to the one end at center and all communicate with export (5) through central collecting pipe (12).

2. The bionic three-dimensional cobweb laminated tube type heat exchanger is characterized in that the inlet (1) is arranged right above the central axis of the net type pipeline (3), and the lengths of the branch pipelines (2) communicated with the bent pipes (6) on the same layer are the same.

3. The bionic three-dimensional cobweb laminated tube type heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the joint of the shunt pipeline (2) and the inlet (1) is a flow channel structure with streamline characteristics and circumferential symmetry.

4. The bionic three-dimensional cobweb laminated tube type heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the central manifold (12) is arranged on a central axis of the net-shaped pipeline (3), and the outlet (5) is arranged right below the central axis of the net-shaped pipeline (3).

5. The bionic three-dimensional spider-web laminated tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the first bend section (4) and the last bend section (4) of each bent tube (6) are located on the same radius or different radii of a circumscribed circle of a regular polygon.

6. The bionic three-dimensional spider-web laminated tube type heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the flexible buckle (13) is a U-shaped metal component with one side open, the inner contour of the flexible buckle (13) is matched with the shape of the bending section (4) of the corresponding bending tube (6), and the size of the opening is smaller than the tube diameter of the bending section (4).

7. The bionic three-dimensional cobweb laminated tube type heat exchanger is characterized in that the bent parts of the flexible buckles (13) are in smooth transition connection.

8. The bionic three-dimensional spider-web laminated tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein each bending section (4) of the bending tube (6) is radially bent by a distance of 5-9 mm.

9. The bionic three-dimensional spider-web laminated tube type heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the interlayer spacing of the net-shaped pipeline (3) is 2-5 times of the pipe diameter of the bent pipe (6).

10. The bionic three-dimensional cobweb laminated tube type heat exchanger is characterized in that the heat exchanger is combined and expanded along a circumferential array, and the flow dividing pipelines (2) of each heat exchanger unit are communicated with each other and uniformly distributed; or the heat exchangers are combined and expanded along the axial array, and the outlet (5) of the previous heat exchanger unit is communicated with the inlet (1) of the next heat exchange unit.