CN110822675B - Air conditioner refrigerant leakage detection method - Google Patents

Air conditioner refrigerant leakage detection method Download PDF

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CN110822675B
CN110822675B CN201810924083.1A CN201810924083A CN110822675B CN 110822675 B CN110822675 B CN 110822675B CN 201810924083 A CN201810924083 A CN 201810924083A CN 110822675 B CN110822675 B CN 110822675B
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refrigerant
temperature
compressor
detection
air conditioner
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CN110822675A (en
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白韡
许真鑫
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Aux Air Conditioning Co Ltd
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Aux Air Conditioning Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/86—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/36—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to leakage of heat-exchange fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F24F2110/12—Temperature of the outside air

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a detection method for air conditioner refrigerant leakage, which comprises the following steps: s1: judging whether the compressor normally operates or not; if yes, go to step S2; if not, judging that the compressor does not normally operate, and quitting the refrigerant detection program; s2: judging whether a preset detection trigger condition is met; if yes, go to step S3; if not, re-executing the step S2; s3: executing a detection program under a corresponding trigger condition, and judging whether leakage occurs or not; if yes, go to step S4; if not, go to step S2; s4: executing the set refrigerant leakage protection operation; the detection method can improve the effectiveness of refrigerant detection and enhance the safety of the whole air conditioning system; the comprehensive benefits of accurate judgment, energy conservation and safety can be achieved.

Description

Air conditioner refrigerant leakage detection method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to a method for detecting refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner.
Background
With the rapid development of air conditioning technology, air conditioners play an increasingly important role in people's daily life.
For an air conditioning system, the amount of refrigerant should be kept sufficient, and the air conditioning system can normally perform cooling operation without leakage of the refrigerant. The air conditioner often can be because of multiple reasons, and lead to its system to appear the phenomenon of refrigerant slow leakage, if the air conditioner installation is not standard or install the back because reasons such as long-time operation production vibration, for example, during the air conditioner installation, the connecting pipe is with interior outdoor unit takeover position sealing relatively poor, or the connecting pipe appears bending when wearing the wall and splits and leaks, lead to the air conditioning system pipeline to appear the condition that the refrigerant slowly leaked for a long time easily, the refrigerant in case the refrigeration effect that leaks air conditioning system then can worsen, the phenomenon that the compressor burns out appears even. In addition, if the system pipeline is in a severe environment, the pipeline is easy to leak after being corroded for a long time, so that the amount of the refrigerant in the system is gradually reduced.
The existing air conditioning technology meets the defects that an environment-friendly refrigerant meeting the requirements of environmental protection, energy conservation and low cost is inflammable and explosive, and the characteristic is still the bottleneck restricting the large-scale industrialization of the combustible refrigerant air conditioner at present. The greatest risk is that the leaking refrigerant gas reaches a certain concentration and may cause combustion or even explosion. However, since there are many household appliances in a room, there is a risk of igniting flammable refrigerant gas. At present, refrigerant detection methods are various, but most of the refrigerant detection methods are repeated detection, and the detection method is influenced by other factors, so that the problem of poor accuracy exists, and the detection effectiveness is poor; on the other hand, in the conventional refrigerant detection, the refrigerant leakage condition is determined through the refrigerant detection method main part, and in the above condition, even if the refrigerant leakage does not exist, the refrigerant leakage condition can be determined only through the refrigerant detection method main part detection, and at the moment, the detection effectiveness is poor through the multi-step refrigerant detection method main part detection.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a method for detecting refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner to solve the above-mentioned problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a detection method for air conditioner refrigerant leakage comprises the following steps:
s1: judging whether the compressor normally operates or not; if yes, go to step S2; if not, judging that the compressor does not normally operate, and quitting the refrigerant detection program;
s2: judging whether a preset detection trigger condition is met; if yes, go to step S3; if not, re-executing the step S2;
s3: executing a detection program under a corresponding trigger condition, and judging whether leakage occurs or not; if yes, go to step S4; if not, go to step S2;
s4: and executing the set refrigerant leakage protection operation.
Further, the S1 includes the following steps:
s11: the air conditioner runs, after the compressor runs for the first time stably, the frequency of the compressor is recorded, and the power P of the compressor at the moment is calculated1。
S12: according to compressor power P1Standard power P corresponding to the same working condition and the same frequency0Calculating the power deviation lambda1=|P1-P0|/P0(ii) a And deviates the power by λ1With a deviation threshold lambda0Comparing to determine if λ is present1＜λ0(ii) a If yes, judging that the compressor normally operates, and executing step S2; if not, the compressor is indicated to be abnormally operated, and the refrigerant detection program is quitted.
Further, the detecting of the trigger condition in S2 includes a first trigger condition and a second trigger condition, and the first trigger condition and the second trigger condition are executed relatively independently and in parallel.
Further, the first trigger condition is: ambient temperature TRing (C)With a temperature threshold T0Equal; the second trigger condition is as follows: the sensor detects a marker component in the air.
Further, the triggering condition is as follows: ambient temperature TRing (C)With a temperature threshold T0And the sensor detects the marker component in air.
Further, the S3 includes the following steps:
s312: detecting actual temperature T of indoor heat exchanger with minimum frequency node of air conditioner1Maximum frequency node indoor heat exchanger actual measurement temperature T2And calculating the temperature difference amplitude Delta T between the two1；
S313: will be the temperature difference amplitude Delta T1And a temperature difference threshold value delta T0Comparing to determine whether Δ T1＞ΔT0(ii) a If yes, go to step S4; if not, go to step S2.
Further, the S3 includes the following steps:
s311: the counter reading function is started and the reading is zeroed. And starting a timer timing function and carrying out time zeroing.
S312：Detecting actual temperature T of indoor heat exchanger with minimum frequency node of air conditioner1Maximum frequency node indoor heat exchanger actual measurement temperature T2And calculating the temperature difference amplitude Delta T between the two1；
S313: will be the temperature difference amplitude Delta T1And a temperature difference threshold value delta T0Comparing to determine whether Δ T1＞ΔT0(ii) a If yes, executing steps S314-S317; if not, go to step S2;
s314: the reading value of the counter is added with '1';
s315: judging whether the counting value reaches a counting threshold value m; if yes, go to step S316; if not, go to step S312;
s316: the timer stops timing and obtains the timer reading t1；
S317: read the timer t1With a preset time threshold t0Comparing to determine whether t is present1<t0(ii) a If yes, go to step S4; if not, go to step S2.
Further, the S3 includes the following steps:
s321: reading the refrigerant mass flow Q under the current statemAnd calculating the refrigerant leakage phi1＝|Qm-Q|×100％/Q；
S322: leakage rate phi of refrigerant1With leakage threshold phi0Comparing to determine whether phi1＞φ0(ii) a If yes, go to step S4; if not, re-executing the step S2;
steps S321 to S322 are independent from steps S311 to S317 and are executed in parallel.
Further, the S4 includes the following steps:
s41: the power supply of the air conditioner is cut off.
Further, after S41, the following steps are performed:
s42: after a preset time interval, acquiring the concentration W of the refrigerant outside the refrigerant system1(ii) a Step S43 is executed;
s43: the concentration W of refrigerant outside the refrigerant system1And a refrigerant concentration threshold value W0Comparing to determine whether W is present1>W0(ii) a If so, disconnecting the power supply of the room where the air conditioner is located; if not, step S42 is executed.
Compared with the prior art, the refrigerant detection method has the following advantages:
(1) the refrigerant detection method provided by the invention forms a whole, and the detection initial condition, the refrigerant triggering condition, the refrigerant detection method and the final refrigerant leakage protection operation ring are linked to form a complete, accurate and effective refrigerant detection method. The method can improve the effectiveness of refrigerant detection and enhance the safety of the whole air conditioning system; namely, the method can achieve the comprehensive benefits of accurate judgment, energy conservation and safety.
(2) In the invention, step S1 is used for judging whether the compressor works normally or not, and setting the triggering condition of refrigerant detection, so that the effectiveness of refrigerant leakage detection can be ensured.
(3) In the step S2, a plurality of refrigerant detection trigger conditions are set, so that the refrigerant detection effectiveness is improved; the environment temperature triggering condition can improve the accuracy of refrigerant detection; the trigger condition is detected by the marking component, and the safety, the necessity and the effectiveness of refrigerant detection can be improved by matching with other trigger conditions; the environmental temperature and the marking component are relatively independent and are arranged in parallel under the triggering condition, so that the condition of missing detection caused by a single triggering condition can be avoided; the triggering condition of the simultaneous existence of the environmental temperature and the marking component can accurately and effectively detect the refrigerant.
(4) In the step S3, the timer and the counter are used, so that the probability of misjudgment is reduced, and the accuracy of refrigerant detection is improved.
(5) In step S4, the method continues to detect the concentration outside the refrigerant system after the power supply of the air conditioner is turned off, so as to ensure the safety of the space electrical appliance where the air conditioner is located.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic overall flow chart of a method for detecting refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a specific process of step S1 of the method for detecting refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a specific process of step S2 of the method for detecting refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is another detailed flowchart illustrating the step S2 of the method for detecting refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic specific flowchart of step S3 of the method for detecting refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is another detailed flowchart illustrating the step S3 of the method for detecting refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a specific process of step S4 of the method for detecting refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic specific flowchart of a method for detecting refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic specific flowchart of a method for detecting refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
A method for detecting refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprises the following steps:
s1: judging whether the compressor normally operates or not; if yes, go to step S2; if not, judging that the compressor does not normally operate, and quitting the refrigerant detection program;
s2: judging whether a preset trigger condition is met; if yes, go to step S3; if not, re-executing the step S2;
s3: executing a detection program under a corresponding trigger condition, and judging whether leakage occurs or not; if yes, go to step S4; if not, go to step S2;
s4: and executing the set refrigerant leakage protection operation.
In the above method, in order to ensure the effectiveness of the refrigerant leakage detection, step S1 is first performed to confirm whether the compressor is normal; when the compressor works normally, it is necessary to detect the refrigerant to avoid accidents caused by refrigerant leakage; when the compressor is abnormally operated, the abnormal state of the air conditioner is indicated, and the abnormal state needs to be solved, but the refrigerant leakage detection is not carried out.
If the real-time refrigerant program detection is set in step S1 when the compressor is normally operated, the air conditioner may perform refrigerant detection under an unnecessary condition (e.g., when refrigerant leakage does not occur or detection accuracy is significantly poor). The unnecessary refrigerant detection not only wastes resources, but also increases the complexity of the program. In order to avoid the problems of the refrigerant detection under the above unnecessary conditions, in this embodiment, a trigger condition for starting a refrigerant detection program is preset under the normal operation condition of the compressor; the necessity of refrigerant detection is ensured through a preset trigger condition, so that the effectiveness of refrigerant detection is improved. During the operation process of the air conditioner, firstly detecting whether the air conditioner meets the triggering condition in real time, if not, continuously judging whether the air conditioner meets the triggering condition without entering a refrigerant detection program; if yes, the process enters the refrigerant detection procedure under the corresponding trigger condition, i.e., step S3 is executed. Therefore, when the preset trigger condition is not met, the air conditioner only needs to judge whether the trigger condition is met or not through real-time detection, and excessive operation is not needed, so that the detection program is simplified. The preset trigger condition can be set according to the precursor of refrigerant leakage and/or according to experience, so as to avoid resource waste or improve the accuracy of detection.
In step S2, when the refrigerant detection result determines that the preset trigger condition is satisfied, a detection procedure under the corresponding trigger condition is executed, that is, step S3, to further determine whether there is refrigerant leakage. If no leakage exists, returning to the step S2, and judging whether the air conditioner refrigerant detection triggering condition is met again; if the refrigerant leakage is judged, the set refrigerant leakage protection operation is executed.
The operation state of the compressor is judged firstly, then whether the preset refrigerant triggering condition is met is judged, finally whether the refrigerant leakage is judged, and then whether the corresponding preset operation is executed is determined. The method can improve the effectiveness of refrigerant detection. On one hand, the method can effectively detect the refrigerant leakage and improve the safety; on the other hand, the method can timely detect, effectively reduce energy consumption, simplify detection procedures and improve the effectiveness of refrigerant detection.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the method for determining whether the compressor is normal in step S1 specifically includes:
the air conditioner is preset with a compressor power standard curve under each working condition, which records each frequency and the compressor standard power P under each standard working condition when the compressor works normally0The relationship of (1).
S11: the air conditioner runs, after the compressor runs stably for the first time, the frequency of the compressor is recorded, and the voltage and current parameters of the compressor are measured; calculating the compressor power P according to the compressor voltage and current parameters1。
S12: according to compressor power P1Standard power P corresponding to the same working condition and the same frequency0Calculating the power deviation lambda1=|P1-P0|/P0(ii) a And deviates the power by λ1With a deviation threshold lambda0Comparing to determine if λ is present1＜λ0(ii) a If yes, judging that the compressor normally operates, and executing step S2; if not, the compressor is indicated to be abnormally operated, and the refrigerant detection program is quitted.
The principle of the above methods S11 and S12 is that during the operation of the air conditioner, no matter which condition causes the output capacity of the air conditioning system to decrease, the input power of the compressor will increase with the increase of the operating frequency, and further, as long as the system operates normally, in any condition, the input power of the compressor at each frequency node will increaseThe error range of the power and the preset power does not exceed the deviation threshold lambda0。
Preferably, the air conditioner is preset with a temperature threshold T0And the air conditioner is provided with a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature of the external environment. As shown in fig. 3, the step S2 specifically includes:
s21: monitoring the outside ambient temperature TRing (C)And the outside environment temperature T is adjustedRing (C)With a temperature threshold T0Comparing to determine whether T is presentRing (C)=T0(ii) a If yes, go to step S3; if not, re-executing the step S21;
in the above, it is considered that the actual installation condition affects the unit parameters, for example, the lengths of the connecting pipes used in the actual installation may vary greatly, and the different lengths of the connecting pipes affect the unit parameters, so that the default value of the air conditioner leaving the factory is different from the actual condition, and the detection result is inaccurate. Similarly, if the ambient temperature of the air conditioner is not guaranteed to be consistent with the corresponding ambient temperature when the preset value is determined during actual detection, the accuracy of the detection result is also affected. In order to avoid the above-mentioned unnecessary detection caused by the refrigerant detection error condition and the unnecessary detection caused by the influence of the actual installation condition on the unit parameters when the air-conditioning environment temperature is uncertain in the actual detection, the preset temperature threshold T is set in this embodiment0Said temperature threshold T0And setting the environmental temperature at each preset value during the detection of the refrigerant. Thus, T is setRing (C)=T0As a refrigerant trigger condition, when T is satisfiedRing (C)=T0And meanwhile, refrigerant detection is carried out to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of refrigerant detection.
Preferably, said temperature threshold T0The setting method specifically comprises the following steps: the air conditioner presets preset values required in refrigerant detection under various unit working conditions, and the preset values are mapped with reference data after the air conditioner is started for the first time and operates stably.
Before step S21, for example, after the installation is completed or after the refrigerant is replenished for maintenance or moving, the reference data of the air conditioner operation can be obtained after the next first startup and operation is stable, and the reference number is selectedAccordingly, the required predetermined value for detecting the refrigerant leakage (e.g., the predetermined temperature difference Δ T in the subsequent step S3)0) And corresponding temperature threshold T0. The temperature triggering condition of the air conditioning system for judging whether to trigger the refrigerant detection is independently obtained, and is not influenced by factors such as the length of a connecting pipe adopted during installation.
During the subsequent data acquisition process, T is usedRing (C)=T0The method is a refrigerant triggering condition, and can ensure that the environmental condition of the air-conditioning system is at a preset temperature threshold T when data is acquired every time in the refrigerant detection process0The following steps of (1); and can ensure the subsequent temperature T at the external environmentRing (C)=T0Actual acquired data obtained at lower level and temperature threshold T under existing installation condition0The following preset values were compared.
In the prior art, a certain value actually measured at present is compared with a preset value, and the preset value is generally matched and confirmed before delivery. In none of these detection methods, the actual installation situation and the ambient temperature situation are taken into account. For example, the lengths of the connecting pipes used in actual installation may vary greatly, and the different lengths of the connecting pipes affect the unit parameters, so that the preset value is deviated from the actual condition, resulting in inaccurate detection results. Similarly, if the ambient temperature of the air conditioner is not guaranteed to be consistent with the corresponding ambient temperature when the preset value is determined during actual detection, the accuracy of the detection result is also affected. Through the step, the environment temperature of the air conditioner during actual detection can be ensured to be consistent with the environment temperature corresponding to the preset value, and therefore the accuracy of the detection result is improved.
Preferably, in step S21, a plurality of different data collection points may be set, each corresponding to a different external environment temperature Ti，i＝1，2，3……。
Since the external environment temperature of any area where the air conditioning system is located has a relatively wide range, a plurality of different temperature points can be selected within the range, so that a plurality of mutually independent data acquisition points are determined, and the step S21 is executed as long as the external environment temperature reaches a certain data acquisition point. In step S3, when comparing, only the current measured data of the same data collection point (i.e. the same outside temperature) is compared with the preset value corresponding to the data collection point (the same outside temperature).
Through setting up a plurality of data acquisition points, can effectively avoid only when a data acquisition point the selected external environment temperature too extreme, lead to the problem that hardly reaches once more in the future. In addition, the judgment is carried out according to a plurality of groups of data of a plurality of data acquisition points, so that the detection result is more comprehensive and objective.
Preferably, the settings of the plurality of data acquisition points are specifically set as follows:
the ambient temperature range at the location of the air conditioning system, e.g. the annual minimum temperature T, is first collectedminAnnual maximum temperature TmaxIn the ambient temperature range, designating a data acquisition point every k deg.c, k being a predetermined temperature interval. I.e. the data acquisition point is Tmin+ nk, wherein n is not less than 0 and is an integer.
That is, in order to more fully reflect the condition of the state parameters of the air conditioning system under various temperature conditions, a plurality of data acquisition points can be selected within the annual average temperature range of the location. The data collection point can be set according to the actual situation, the smaller the k value is set, the more temperature points triggering refrigerant detection are, and the more the refrigerant detection is performed.
Preferably, the internet can be accessed through the communication module of the air conditioning system to collect the ambient temperature range of the location where the air conditioning system is located. For an air conditioning system provided with a communication module, required temperature data can be conveniently obtained after installation.
Preferably, the ambient temperature range of the location where the air conditioning system is located can also be collected by means of manual input. For example, at installation, the installation personnel may manually enter the local annual minimum temperature T during commissioningminAnnual maximum temperature TmaxAnd so on.
Preferably, one or more air-conditioning systems may be stored in advance before the air-conditioning system leaves the factoryThe ambient temperature range of the region. For example, before leaving the factory, the relevant personnel may collect weather data such as the annual minimum temperature T in each region (especially the target sales region of the air conditioner)minAnnual maximum temperature TmaxEtc. and stored in the unit.
Preferably, the air conditioner is provided with a sensor, the air conditioning refrigerant is added with a marker component, the marker component can be propagated in the air when the refrigerant leaks, and the sensor can detect the marker component when the refrigerant leaks from a sealed refrigerant circuit with leakage. As shown in fig. 3, the step S2 of determining whether the preset trigger condition is satisfied specifically includes:
s22: detecting a marker component in the ambient environment and determining whether the sensor detects the marker component; if yes, go to step S3; if not, re-executing the step S22;
the leakage of the air conditioner refrigerant is very slight and is not easy to be found when the air conditioner refrigerant leaks slowly or leaks in the initial stage. For the purpose of preventing the leakage, it is necessary to detect the leakage of the air conditioning refrigerant in time and confirm the leakage to prevent the leakage from deteriorating. Specific "marker" components or indicator substances or analytes present in very small concentrations are added to the refrigerant in this method to improve the detectability of refrigerant leaks. Such a leak detection system can enhance security.
A "marker component" in this embodiment is an indicator substance or analyte that is highly detectable by a particular sensor. A tag component is added to the refrigerant, wherein the sensor has a higher sensitivity to the tag component than to the refrigerant. The selective marker component is not only highly compatible with the cooling medium, but is also a highly detectable reduced analyte for a particular type of sensor, and under atmospheric leakage conditions, the marker gas component evaporates and becomes airborne. That is, the sensor is highly sensitive to the selection marker component. In various embodiments, the marker component is selected from the group consisting of butane, isobutane, propane, hydrogen, methane, decane, butylamine, acetone, dimethylsulfide, dimethylamine, ethanol, ethyl acetate, heptane, hexane, isopropanol, methanol, methyl mercaptan, and combinations thereof. Preferably, the marker component is at least one of butane, isobutane, propane, which is particularly suitable for use in the sensors described below. In actual selection, the marking components are butane, isobutane or propane, or a combination of two or three of the marking components according to application, selection of sensor model, types of refrigerant, lubricant and the like.
Metal oxide semiconductor (also referred to as "solid state") sensors are employed in this embodiment, with Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) sensors being particularly well suited for sensing and detecting the marker components described in this embodiment. The MOS sensor provides a higher level of sensitivity to the marker component substance and greatly improved selectivity relative to the sensitivity of sensors currently used to detect refrigerant leaks. The MOS sensor is less dependent on the sensed coolant than some other sensing techniques and has a relatively low cost compared to current detectors commonly used in the art.
The sensor (e.g., MOS sensor) is disposed outside or near the refrigerant circuit. In various embodiments, the sensor is positioned proximate to the refrigerant circuit at a distance of less than or equal to about 30 meters, 15 meters, 1.5 meters, etc., and in certain variations less than or equal to about 30 centimeters. Preferably, the sensor associated with the refrigerant circuit may be placed in the closed location or chamber where the concentration of any leaked refrigerant and marker component will be greatest.
And when the MOS sensor detects the marker component and indicates that the preset refrigerant triggering condition is met, executing a refrigerant detection program under the corresponding condition.
By dissolving the marker component in the refrigerant in step S22, the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor will be improved over detecting the refrigerant itself. On the other hand, a single sensor may be useful for multiple refrigerants due to the presence of the marker component. Nevertheless, the tag component is provided in a concentration measured in minute amounts, i.e., parts per million (ppm), so as not to affect the ASHRAE standard 34 refrigerant classification (flammability rating, toxicity rating, or specified chemical composition) and also not to adversely affect the cooling or heating performance of the refrigerant. That is, these low concentrations of the marker component do not increase the ignition potential of the refrigerant. Even if the refrigerant can be detected by a particular sensor (even in a less sensitive manner), the marker component will increase or increase the sensitivity of the leaking refrigerant, thereby enhancing early detection of the leak and triggering the refrigerant detection procedure to give further confirmation, thus improving safety.
As shown in FIG. 3, steps S21 and S22 are relatively independent and exist in parallel as a trigger condition. Namely, the trigger conditions include a first trigger condition and a second trigger condition, and the first trigger condition is TRing (C)=T0The second trigger condition is whether the sensor detects the marker component in the environment, and the first trigger condition and the second trigger condition are relatively independent and executed in parallel.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the step S2 of determining whether the preset trigger condition is met specifically includes:
s20: monitoring the outside ambient temperature TRing (C)A marker component in the surrounding environment, and the temperature T of the external environmentRing (C)With a temperature threshold T0Comparing and judging whether the sensor detects the marker component; determining whether a marker component is detected, and determining whether TRing (C)=T0(ii) a If yes, go to step S3; if not, step S20 is executed again.
This step sets the first trigger condition in the above-described steps S21 and S22 to TRing (C)=T0The second trigger condition is that whether the sensor detects the marker component in the environment is judged as a judgment condition existing at the same time, and the trigger condition for detecting the refrigerant is further limited so as to further ensure the accuracy of refrigerant detection.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the detection procedure under the trigger condition in step S3 is specifically:
s312: detecting actual temperature T of indoor heat exchanger with minimum frequency node of air conditioner1Maximum frequency node indoor heat exchanger actual measurement temperature T2And calculating the temperature difference amplitude Delta T between the two1；
S313: will be the temperature difference amplitude Delta T1And a temperature difference threshold value delta T0Comparing to determine whether Δ T1＞ΔT0(ii) a If yes, go to step S4; if not, go to step S2;
preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the detection procedure under the trigger condition in step S3 is specifically:
s311: the counter reading function is started and the reading is zeroed. And starting a timer timing function and carrying out time zeroing.
S312: detecting actual temperature T of indoor heat exchanger with minimum frequency node of air conditioner1Maximum frequency node indoor heat exchanger actual measurement temperature T2And calculating the temperature difference amplitude Delta T between the two1；
S313: will be the temperature difference amplitude Delta T1And a temperature difference threshold value delta T0Comparing to determine whether Δ T1＞ΔT0(ii) a If yes, executing steps S314-S317; if not, go to step S2;
s314: the reading value of the counter is added with '1';
s315: judging whether the counting value reaches a counting threshold value m; if yes, go to step S316; if not, go to step S312;
s316: the timer stops timing and obtains the timer reading t1；
S317: read the timer t1With a preset time threshold t0Comparing to determine whether t is present1<t0(ii) a If yes, go to step S4; if not, go to step S2;
the dust falling on the heat exchanger is a common reason for misjudging the cooling/heating effect of the air conditioner, and is also often misdiagnosed as refrigerant leakage. The temperature operation parameters of the indoor heat exchanger of each frequency node under three different working conditions of standard working condition, dust falling and refrigerant leakage are analyzed to obtain the temperature operation parameters, the temperature difference amplitude when the heat exchanger falls on dust is basically equivalent to the output capacity under the standard working condition, namely the heat exchanger cannot be deduced from the temperature change of the heat exchanger when the heat exchanger falls on dust; and when refrigerant leakage occurs, the temperature change amplitude of the heat exchanger is greatly reduced from low frequency to high frequency. Further illustrates the standard operating conditions and the dust fall-in conditions at lowTemperature difference amplitude of indoor heat exchanger of frequency node and high frequency node exceeds temperature difference threshold delta T0And is smaller than the temperature difference threshold Delta T under the condition of refrigerant leakage0. Therefore, the temperature difference amplitude and the temperature difference threshold value delta T of the indoor heat exchanger at the low-frequency node and the high-frequency node can be obtained0The comparison of (1) to determine whether the refrigerant is leaked or not, and to eliminate the condition of dust falling, thereby avoiding the occurrence of erroneous determination. The judgment can effectively eliminate the error condition caused by the abnormal air conditioner operation parameters caused by the dust falling on the heat exchanger. Therefore, the steps S312 to S313 can effectively detect the refrigerant leakage and eliminate the condition of dust fall, thereby effectively avoiding misjudgment and improving the accuracy and effectiveness of detection.
Preferably, referring to fig. 5 and 6, in step S3, S311 is performed before S312, and S314 to S317 are performed after S313. The method mainly aims to further reduce the occurrence of the phenomenon of misjudgment of the leakage of the air-conditioning refrigerant and improve the accuracy of judgment of the leakage of the air-conditioning refrigerant. In this embodiment, a counter and a timer are provided, and the initialization value of the counter is 0. In this embodiment, the count threshold m is set to 3, and the duration threshold t is set to0Set to more than m counting periods TmAnd is less than m +1 counting cycles Tm+1. I.e. t in the present example0It is set to be more than 3 counting cycles and less than 4 counting cycles. T is satisfied if and only if the counter continues to count and accumulate to a count threshold of 31<t0The power of the air conditioner is cut off. If the determination result is not all yes when the determination of S313 is repeated, the time period during which the counter reading is accumulated to 3 is longer than t0. Likewise, the time period for the counter reading to accumulate to 3 will be greater than t0It is also shown that: when the determination of S213 is repeated, all the determination results are not yes, that is, no is present in the determination results; if the judgment result has an error, the refrigerant leakage is not judged. The air conditioner refrigerant leakage judgment method and the air conditioner refrigerant leakage judgment device effectively improve the accuracy of air conditioner refrigerant leakage judgment and reduce the occurrence of air conditioner refrigerant leakage misjudgment through the matching of the counter and the timer.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 8 to 9, the detection procedure under the trigger condition in step S3 is specifically:
s321: reading the refrigerant mass flow Q under the current statemAnd calculating the refrigerant leakage phi1＝|Qm-Q|×100％/Q；
S322: leakage rate phi of refrigerant1With leakage threshold phi0Comparing to determine whether phi1＞φ0(ii) a If yes, go to step S4; if not, go to step S2;
preferably, in step S321, the refrigerant mass flow Q in the current state is obtainedmThe method comprises the following steps:
(1) obtaining the compensation temperature Delta T and obtaining the current real-time compressor suction temperature TSuction deviceTemperature T at the first U tube of the evaporatorEvaporator with a heat exchangerCompressor volume flow qV；
(2) For the current real-time compressor suction temperature TSuction deviceTemperature T at the first U tube of the evaporatorEvaporator with a heat exchangerAnd processing the compensation temperature delta T to obtain the current real-time compressor suction specific volume vSuction device；
(3) Using the formula Qm＝qV/νSuction deviceCalculating the mass flow Q of the refrigerantm。
Specifically, the refrigerant mass flow rate QmIs calculated and the volume flow q of the compressor is calculatedVCompressor air suction specific volume vSuction deviceIn this connection, i.e. in kg/s.
Preferably, if the compressor of the air conditioner is a fixed frequency machine, the volume flow q of the compressor is determined by the volume flow q of the fixed frequency machineVIs a constant value input in advance in the air conditioning system. If the compressor of the air conditioner is a frequency converter, the volume flow q of the compressor is determinedVHas a value of qV＝f×VpWherein: f denotes the operating frequency of the compressor, VpRepresenting the displacement volume of the compressor. When the compressor is installed, the working volume V of the compressor is input into the system in advancepSo that, when applying the method, the compressor displacement V previously input in the system is first read for the inverter compressorpAnd simultaneously detecting the compressor operating frequency f, and thereafter using VpAnd f, calculating the voltage of the frequency conversion unitVolume flow q of compressorV。
Detecting compressor suction temperature TSuction deviceTemperature T at the first U tube of the evaporatorEvaporator with a heat exchangerThen, for TEvaporator with a heat exchangerPerforming temperature compensation, and calculating saturation temperature T' at the air suction port of the compressorSuction device=TEvaporator with a heat exchanger+ Δ T (Δ T is the compensation temperature), and then the corresponding saturation pressure p at the saturation temperature is obtainedSuction device. On the basis of the above, the ratio of T to TSuction device、pSuction deviceObtaining the suction specific volume v of the compressorSuction device. Thereby finally utilizing the formula Qm＝qV/νSuction deviceCalculating the mass flow Q of the refrigerantm。
Wherein, in the cooling mode, TEvaporator with a heat exchanger＝TC evaporator(ii) a In heating mode, T evaporator is T ═ TH evaporatorWherein: t isC evaporationThe temperature at the first U tube, T, when the indoor heat exchanger is used as an evaporatorH evaporatorThe temperature at the first U-tube when the outdoor heat exchanger is acting as an evaporator is shown.
Finally using the formula phi1＝|Qm-Q | ×. 100%/Q, calculating refrigerant leakage amount phi1。
Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the detection procedure under the trigger condition in step S4 is specifically:
s41: disconnecting the power supply of the air conditioner;
preferably, S42-S43 is performed after step S41;
s42: after a preset time interval, acquiring the concentration W of the refrigerant outside the refrigerant system detected by a refrigerant detector1(ii) a Step S43 is executed;
s43: the concentration W of refrigerant outside the refrigerant system1And a refrigerant concentration threshold value W0Comparing to determine whether W is present1>W0(ii) a If so, disconnecting the power supply of the room where the air conditioner is located; if not, step S42 is executed.
Specifically, the air conditioner comprises a refrigerant detector which can detect the concentration W of the refrigerant outside the refrigerant system1. The method for processing the refrigerant leakage of the air conditioner provided by the embodiment is used for the air conditionerWhen the refrigerant leaks during operation, the process is performed to prevent explosion. Through adopting the refrigerant detector direct detection refrigerant of refrigerant detector position department, compare with other detection methods, have more quick, more accurate characteristics to can more ensure user's safety.
In order to ensure that the refrigerant detector can monitor the leaked refrigerant more sensitively, the refrigerant detector can be installed at an air outlet of an electric control box and/or an indoor unit of the air conditioner. Specifically, according to the characteristics of the air conditioner, since the air speed at the air outlet of the indoor unit is the largest during cooling of the air conditioner, once the refrigerant leaks, the refrigerant concentration at the air outlet of the indoor unit is generally higher than that at other positions. Therefore, the refrigerant detector is arranged at the air outlet of the indoor unit, so that the concentration of the refrigerant leaked by the air conditioner can be conveniently detected. The refrigerant concentration around the electric control box is higher than that at other positions due to the partition plate. Therefore, when the air conditioner is installed on the refrigerant detector, two positions of the electric control box and the air outlet of the indoor unit can be selected preferentially.
Specifically, the refrigerant concentration W in the refrigerant detector is obtained1Then, the leaked refrigerant concentration W is determined1Whether the refrigerant concentration reaches the critical refrigerant concentration threshold W which can cause explosion0Determining the concentration W of leaked refrigerant1Reaches the refrigerant concentration threshold value W0And then, at the moment, the refrigerant in the air conditioner is indicated to be continuously leaked, and the power supply of the room where the air conditioner is located is cut off, so that the condition that no electric appliance is used in the room of the air conditioner is ensured to prevent the refrigerant from being ignited.
As shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that the preset trigger conditions S21 and S22 exist relatively independently and in parallel at the same time, and when the preset detection trigger condition S21 is satisfied, the detection procedure of S311-S317 is executed; when the preset detection trigger condition S22 is satisfied, the S321-S322 detection procedure is executed.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 9, the preset trigger condition is S20, so that when the preset detection trigger condition S20 is satisfied, the S311-S317 detection procedure or the S321-S322 detection procedure is executed.
The detection method in the embodiment has the following advantages:
(1) the detection method of the embodiment forms a whole, and the detection initial condition, the refrigerant triggering condition, the refrigerant detection method and the final refrigerant leakage protection operation ring are buckled to form a complete, accurate and effective refrigerant detection method. The method can improve the effectiveness of refrigerant detection and enhance the safety of the whole air conditioning system; namely, the method can achieve the comprehensive benefits of accurate judgment, energy conservation and safety.
(2) Whether the compressor works normally is judged, the triggering condition of refrigerant detection is set, the effectiveness of refrigerant leakage detection can be ensured, and meaningless operation is avoided.
(3) Setting a plurality of refrigerant detection trigger conditions to improve the effectiveness of refrigerant detection; the environment temperature triggering condition can improve the accuracy of refrigerant detection; the trigger condition is detected by the marking component, and the safety, the necessity and the effectiveness of refrigerant detection can be improved by matching with other trigger conditions; the environmental temperature and the marking component are relatively independent and are arranged in parallel under the triggering condition, so that the condition of missing detection caused by a single triggering condition can be avoided; the triggering condition of the simultaneous existence of the environmental temperature and the marking component can accurately and effectively detect the refrigerant.
(4) Through the use of the timer and the counter, the probability of misjudgment is reduced, and the accuracy of refrigerant detection is improved.
(5) After the power supply of the air conditioner is disconnected, the concentration outside the refrigerant system is continuously detected, so that the safety of space electrical appliances where the air conditioner is located is ensured.
In the present embodiment, the preset trigger conditions of step S2 indicate that the two preset trigger conditions S21, S22, S20 (S21 and S22), S21, S22 may be independent and parallel (S21, S22), or may be associated with each other (S21 and S22) to be set as the preset trigger conditions.
Also, the detection process of step S3 in this embodiment illustrates two methods, S311-S317 and S321-S322, which can exist independently under the corresponding preset condition of step S2.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (5)

1. The method for detecting the refrigerant leakage of the air conditioner is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: judging whether the compressor normally operates or not; if yes, go to step S2; if not, judging that the compressor does not normally operate, and quitting the refrigerant detection program;
s2: judging whether a preset detection trigger condition is met; if yes, go to step S3; if not, re-executing the step S2;
the detection of the trigger condition in S2 includes a first trigger condition and a second trigger condition, where the first trigger condition and the second trigger condition are relatively independent and executed in parallel; the first trigger condition is as follows: ambient temperature TRing (C)With a temperature threshold T0Equal; the second trigger condition is as follows: the sensor detects the marker component in the air;
s3: executing a detection program under a corresponding trigger condition, and judging whether leakage occurs or not; if yes, go to step S4; if not, go to step S2;
the S3 includes the steps of:
s311: starting a reading function of a counter, enabling the reading to return to zero, starting a timing function of a timer, and enabling time to return to zero;
s312: detecting actual temperature T of indoor heat exchanger with minimum frequency node of air conditioner1Maximum frequency node indoor heat exchanger actual measurement temperature T2And calculating the temperature difference amplitude Delta T between the two1；
S313: will be the temperature difference amplitude Delta T1And a temperature difference threshold value delta T0Comparing to determine whether Δ T1＞ΔT0(ii) a If yes, executing steps S314-S317; if not, go to step S2;
s314: the reading value of the counter is added with '1';
s315: judging whether the counting value reaches a counting threshold value m; if yes, go to step S316; if not, go to step S312;
s316: the timer stops timing and obtains the timer reading t1；
S317: read the timer t1With a preset time threshold t0Comparing to determine whether t is present1<t0(ii) a If yes, go to step S4; if not, go to step S2;
s321: reading the refrigerant mass flow Q under the current statemCalculating the leakage of refrigerant
Figure FDA0002902070290000021
Figure FDA0002902070290000022
Step S321 is to obtain the refrigerant mass flow Q in the current statemThe method comprises the following steps: (1) obtaining the compensation temperature Delta T and obtaining the current real-time compressor suction temperature TSuction deviceTemperature T at the first U tube of the evaporatorEvaporator with a heat exchangerCompressor volume flow qV(ii) a (2) For the current real-time compressor suction temperature TSuction deviceTemperature T at the first U tube of the evaporatorEvaporator with a heat exchangerAnd processing the compensation temperature delta T to obtain the current real-time compressor suction specific volume vSuction device(ii) a (3) Using the formula Qm＝qV/νSuction deviceCalculating the mass flow Q of the refrigerantm。
S322: leakage amount of refrigerant
Figure FDA0002902070290000023
And leakage threshold
Figure FDA0002902070290000024
Comparing to determine whether to use
Figure FDA0002902070290000025
If yes, go to step S4; if not, re-executing the step S2;
steps S321 to S322 are independent from steps S311 to S317 and are executed in parallel.
S4: and executing the set refrigerant leakage protection operation.
2. An air conditioning refrigerant leakage detection method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the S1 includes the steps of:
s11: the air conditioner runs, after the compressor runs for the first time stably, the frequency of the compressor is recorded, and the power P of the compressor at the moment is calculated1；
S12: according to compressor power P1Standard power P corresponding to the same working condition and the same frequency0Calculating the power deviation lambda1＝|P1-P0|/P0(ii) a And deviates the power by λ1With a deviation threshold lambda0Comparing to determine if λ is present1＜λ0(ii) a If yes, judging that the compressor normally operates, and executing step S2; if not, the compressor is indicated to be abnormally operated, and the refrigerant detection program is quitted.
3. The method for detecting refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the triggering condition is: ambient temperature TRing (C)With a temperature threshold T0And the sensor detects the marker component in air.
4. An air conditioning refrigerant leakage detection method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the S4 includes the steps of:
s41: the power supply of the air conditioner is cut off.
5. The method for detecting refrigerant leakage of an air conditioner as claimed in claim 4, wherein after S41, the following steps are executed:
s42: after a preset time interval, acquiring the concentration W of the refrigerant outside the refrigerant system1(ii) a Step S43 is executed;
s43: the concentration W of refrigerant outside the refrigerant system1And a refrigerant concentration threshold value W0Comparing to determine whether W is present1>W0(ii) a If so, disconnecting the power supply of the room where the air conditioner is located; if not, step S42 is executed.
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