CN110940050B

CN110940050B - Refrigerant leakage detection method and air conditioner

Info

Publication number: CN110940050B
Application number: CN201811109836.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 白韡; 许真鑫
Original assignee: Aux Air Conditioning Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aux Air Conditioning Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-09-21
Filing date: 2018-09-21
Publication date: 2021-04-27
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-21
Also published as: CN110940050A

Abstract

The invention provides a refrigerant leakage detection method and an air conditioner, wherein the refrigerant leakage detection method comprises the following steps: s1: the air conditioner operates to judge whether the refrigerant is proper or not; if yes, go to step S2; if not, go to step S4; s2: judging whether a preset detection trigger condition is met; if yes, go to step S3; if not, go to step S1; s3: performing a refrigerant leakage verification determination to determine whether a verification determination condition is satisfied; if yes, the refrigerant leaks; if not, re-executing the step S3; s4: judging whether a high-pressure side leakage judgment condition is met; if yes, the high-pressure side leaks; if not, go to step S5; s5: judging whether a low-pressure side leakage judgment condition is met; if yes, the low-pressure side leaks; if not, re-executing the step S1; the detection method for the refrigerant leakage can improve the effectiveness of refrigerant detection and enhance the safety of the whole air conditioning system; the method can achieve comprehensive benefits of accurate judgment, energy conservation and safety.

Description

Refrigerant leakage detection method and air conditioner

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to a method for detecting refrigerant leakage and an air conditioner.

Background

With the rapid development of air conditioning technology, air conditioners play an increasingly important role in people's daily life. In the face of the large-area popularization of air conditioners, the maintenance of the air conditioners is correspondingly frequent, and various air conditioners are in the market.

For an air conditioning system, the amount of refrigerant should be kept sufficient, and the air conditioning system can be normally operated for cooling without leakage of refrigerant. The air conditioner often can lead to its system to appear the phenomenon of refrigerant slow leakage because of multiple reasons, if the air conditioner installation is not normal or install the back because reasons such as long-time operation production vibration, for example, when the air conditioner is installed, the connecting pipe is poor with interior outdoor unit takeover position sealing, or the connecting pipe appears bending when wearing the wall and splits and leaks, leads to the air conditioning system pipeline to appear the condition that the refrigerant slowly leaks for a long time easily, the refrigerant in case the refrigeration effect that leaks air conditioning system then can worsen, the phenomenon that the compressor burns out appears even. In addition, if the system pipeline is in a severe environment, the pipeline is easy to leak after being corroded for a long time, so that the amount of the refrigerant in the system is gradually reduced.

The existing air-conditioning technology meets the defects that an environment-friendly refrigerant meeting the requirements of environmental protection, energy conservation and low cost is inflammable and explosive, and the characteristic is still the bottleneck restricting the large-scale industrialization of the flammable refrigerant air-conditioner at present. The greatest risk is that the leaking refrigerant gas reaching a certain concentration may cause combustion or even explosion. Since there are often many appliances in a room, there is a risk of igniting flammable refrigerant gas. The existing refrigerant detection methods are various, but are mostly single parameter detection, but the detection method is influenced by other factors, so that the problem of poor accuracy exists, and the detection effectiveness is poor; on the other hand, in the current refrigerant detection, the refrigerant leakage condition is determined by the refrigerant detection method main part, and in the above case, even if there is no refrigerant leakage, the refrigerant detection method main part detection is required to be determined, and in this case, the detection effectiveness is poor by the multi-step refrigerant detection method main part detection. On the other hand, the refrigerant leakage detection also carries out qualitative position judgment, and the refrigerant leakage detection needs to be checked one by one during maintenance, so that the maintenance process is complicated.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention is directed to a method for detecting a refrigerant leakage, so as to solve the above problems.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a method of detecting a refrigerant leak, comprising the steps of:

s1: the air conditioner operates to judge whether the refrigerant is proper or not; if yes, go to step S2; if not, go to step S4;

s2: judging whether a preset detection trigger condition is met; if yes, go to step S3; if not, go to step S1;

s3: performing a refrigerant leakage verification determination to determine whether a verification determination condition is satisfied; if yes, the refrigerant leaks; if not, re-executing the step S3;

s4: judging whether a high-pressure side leakage judgment condition is met; if yes, the high-pressure side leaks; if not, re-executing the step S5;

s5: judging whether a low-pressure side leakage judgment condition is met; if yes, the low-pressure side leaks; if not, go to step S1.

Further, the step S1 includes the following steps:

s11: judging whether the refrigerator is in a refrigeration mode; if yes, calculating the coefficient lambda as the output quantity to the indoor expansion device/the output quantity to the compressor, and then executing step S12; if not, calculating the coefficient λ as the output to the outdoor expansion device/the output to the compressor, and then executing step S12;

s12: determining whether the refrigerant is appropriate based on the calculated coefficient λ; if yes, go to step S2; if not, go to step S4.

Further, the detecting of the trigger condition in S2 includes a first trigger condition and a second trigger condition, and the first trigger condition and the second trigger condition are executed relatively independently and in parallel.

Further, the first trigger condition is: ambient temperature T_{Ring 1}And an ambient temperature threshold T_{Ring 0}Equal; the second trigger condition is as follows: the sensor detects a marker component in the air.

Further, the triggering condition is as follows: ambient temperature T_{Ring 1}And an ambient temperature threshold T_{Ring 0}And the sensor detects the marker component in air.

Further, the step S3 includes the following steps:

s31: detecting compressor current I₁Monitoring wavelength data of each molecular component contained in a refrigerant filled in a refrigerating pipe received by an infrared sensor;

s32: judging whether the wavelength data of each molecular component is received at the same time; if yes, go to step S33; if not, go to step S31;

s33: acquiring the concentration W of each molecular component in the total volume of the molecular components according to the received wavelength data of each molecular component;

by compressor current I₁And the upper current limit I of the compressor_maxCalculating the current difference DeltaI₁＝|I_max-I₁|；

S34: the difference value of the currents is delta I₁And current threshold Δ I₀Comparing W with a concentration threshold [ W ]₀，W₁]Comparing; judging whether the delta I exists₁>ΔI₀And W is as [ W ]₀，W₁](ii) a If yes, refrigerant leakage occurs; if not, go to step S31.

Further, the step S4 includes the following steps:

s41: at an arbitrary point in time t₁Detecting a real-time input value W of the compressor₁；

S42: will input the value W in real time₁And past input value W₀Comparing them to determine whether W is present₁＜W₀(ii) a If yes, the high-pressure side leaks; if not, go to step S5.

Further, the step S4 includes the following steps:

S42: will input the value W in real time₁And past input value W₀Comparing them to determine whether W is present₁＜W₀(ii) a If yes, go to step S43; if not, go to step S5;

s43: at an arbitrary point in time t₂Detecting the real-time input value W' of the compressor₁；

S44: calculating Δ t₁I ═ t₁-t₂I, it is compared with a time threshold Δ t₀Comparing to determine whether Δ t is present₁＞Δt₀(ii) a If yes, go to step S45; if not, go to step S43;

s45: inputting the real-time value W ″₁With past input value W ″₀Comparing to determine whether W ″₁＜W`₀(ii) a If yes, go to step S46; if not, go to step S5;

s46: calculate Δ W ″₁W ═ W-₁-W₁I, |; compares it with an input threshold value Δ W₀Comparing to determine whether Δ W ″, or not₁＜ΔW₀(ii) a If yes, the high-pressure side leaks; if not, go to step S5.

Further, the step S5 includes the following steps:

s51: starting a heating mode, and closing the outdoor expansion valve; the counter N is 0;

s52: detecting pressure change P per unit time₁Change of pressure per unit time P₁With a pressure rate of change threshold P₀Comparing and judging whether P is present₁＜P₀(ii) a If yes, go to step S53; if not, go to step S1;

s53: adding 1 to counter N, and comparing N with counting threshold N₀Comparing to determine whether N is equal to N₀(ii) a If yes, the low-pressure side leaks; if not, go to step S52.

A method of detecting a refrigerant leak, comprising the steps of:

compared with the prior art, the refrigerant detection method has the following advantages:

(1) the refrigerant detection method of the invention forms a whole, and judges whether the refrigerant is proper or not after the air conditioner is started. When the refrigerant is determined to be appropriate, a detection trigger condition is set to perform refrigerant leakage detection at an appropriate timing and to decide whether to start a refrigerant leakage verification process. When step S1 determines that the refrigerant is insufficient, a high-pressure-side or low-pressure-side leakage determination is performed. Thereby forming a complete refrigerant leakage detection method. The method can improve the detection effectiveness of the refrigerant leakage, enhance the safety of the whole air conditioning system, detect whether the leakage occurs at the high pressure side or the low pressure side, and reduce the time required for identifying the leakage occurrence during maintenance; namely, the method can achieve the comprehensive benefits of accurate judgment, energy conservation and safety.

(2) After the air conditioner is started, step S1 judges the condition of refrigerant leakage through whether the refrigerant is proper or not, and for the condition that the refrigerant is insufficient, the high-pressure side leakage judgment of step S4 and the low-pressure side leakage judgment of the condition that the high-pressure side leakage judgment condition is not met are carried out; the method can detect whether the leakage occurs at the high pressure side or the low pressure side, can reduce the time required for identifying the leakage occurrence during maintenance, and can ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of refrigerant leakage detection.

(3) The invention is provided with a step S2, a step S2 sets a plurality of detection triggering conditions of refrigerant leakage, and improves the effectiveness of refrigerant detection in the running process of the air conditioner; the environment temperature triggers the condition, so that the accuracy of refrigerant detection can be improved; the trigger condition for detecting the marker component can improve the safety and the effectiveness of the detection of the refrigerant; the environmental temperature and the marking component are relatively independent and are arranged in parallel under the triggering condition, so that the condition of missing detection caused by a single triggering condition can be avoided; the triggering condition of the simultaneous existence of the ambient temperature and the marking component can accurately and effectively detect the leakage of the refrigerant.

(4) In step S3, the present invention sets the verification determination condition to confirm the refrigerant leakage, so as to reduce the probability of erroneous determination and improve the accuracy of refrigerant leakage detection.

(5) In step S4, two time points are used for the determination, so that the probability of erroneous determination can be reduced; after the two time points are respectively determined, step S46 is executed to compare the determination values at the two time points, thereby further improving the detection accuracy.

(6) The counter is arranged in the step S5 of the invention, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of judging the leakage of the air-conditioning refrigerant and reducing the occurrence of the phenomenon of misjudgment of the leakage of the air-conditioning refrigerant.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic overall flow chart of a refrigerant leakage detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a specific step S1 of the method for detecting refrigerant leakage according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the outside air temperature and the coefficient λ for determining the amount of refrigerant in the cooling mode of the refrigerant leakage detection method according to the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the outside air temperature and the coefficient λ for determining the amount of refrigerant in the heating mode of the refrigerant leak detection method according to the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 5 is a detailed flowchart illustrating step S2 of the method for detecting refrigerant leakage according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is another detailed flowchart of step S2 of the method for detecting refrigerant leakage according to the embodiment of the invention;

fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a specific process of step S3 of the method for detecting refrigerant leakage according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a specific process of step S4 of the method for detecting refrigerant leakage according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a graph showing a variation of a compressor input value (W) in case of refrigerant leakage in the method for detecting refrigerant leakage according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a specific process of step S5 of the method for detecting refrigerant leakage according to the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating the pressure characteristics of the low-pressure section of the refrigerant in the method for detecting a refrigerant leak according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic overall flowchart of a method for detecting refrigerant leakage according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a refrigerant leak detection method embodiment, it is noted that the steps illustrated in the flowchart of the drawings may be performed in a computer system, such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that while a logical order is illustrated in the flowchart, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order different than presented herein. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

A refrigerant leakage detecting method, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the steps of:

s3: performing a refrigerant leakage verification determination to determine whether a verification determination condition is satisfied; if yes, the refrigerant leaks; if not, step S3 is executed again.

S4: judging whether a high-pressure side leakage judgment condition is met; if yes, the high-pressure side leaks; if not, go to step S5;

In the refrigerant leakage detection method of the present embodiment, step S1 first determines whether the refrigerant is adequate, and if the refrigerant is insufficient, step S4 is further performed to determine whether a high pressure side leakage determination condition is satisfied to determine whether the leakage position is on the high pressure side. If the high-pressure side leakage determination condition is not satisfied, step S5 is executed to determine whether the leakage position is on the low-pressure side.

If it is determined in step S1 that the refrigerant is proper, step S2 is performed to determine whether a preset detection trigger condition is satisfied to determine whether it is necessary to perform refrigerant leakage verification detection, and if the detection trigger condition is satisfied, step S3 is performed to perform refrigerant leakage verification determination.

The method can detect the refrigerant leakage directly due to the shortage of the refrigerant, thereby rapidly performing safety measures and improving the effectiveness and safety of the refrigerant leakage detection. In addition, since whether the leakage occurs on the high pressure side or the low pressure side can be detected, the time required to identify the leakage occurrence during maintenance can be reduced.

On the other hand, when the refrigerant adequacy is judged to be appropriate, step S2 is executed to judge whether a preset detection trigger condition is satisfied in order to avoid the refrigerant leakage caused at the initial stage of the small or slow leakage of the refrigerant, but if the refrigerant adequacy condition is still satisfied at the time of the judgment of step S1, the processing cannot be performed in time, which causes danger. A detection trigger condition is set, and when the detection trigger condition is satisfied, step S3 is executed to perform refrigerant leakage verification determination. Whether the preset detection triggering condition is met or not is judged, the refrigerant leakage detection can be carried out in time during the operation of the air conditioner, and the effectiveness of the refrigerant leakage detection is improved. In this way, if the preset trigger condition is not satisfied, step S1 is executed to continuously determine whether the refrigerant is appropriate, so as to detect the refrigerant leakage in real time. When the air conditioner is started and the refrigerant is detected to be proper and does not meet the detection triggering condition, other excessive operations are not needed; when the refrigerant is detected to be insufficient, the refrigerant leakage can be effectively detected in time, and the safety of the operation of the air conditioner is guaranteed. The method can improve the safety of the air conditioner operation on one hand, and can simplify the detection procedure on the other hand. Wherein the preset trigger condition can be set according to the precursor of the refrigerant leakage and/or according to experience so as to avoid resource waste or improve the detection accuracy.

The above first performs the proper detection of the refrigerant, and if the refrigerant is insufficient, then performs the confirmation detection of the leakage position; if the refrigerant is appropriate, a detection trigger condition is set to further determine and verify whether there is a refrigerant leak. On one hand, the method can effectively detect the leakage of the refrigerant and improve the safety; on the other hand, the leakage detector can detect whether the leakage occurs at the high-pressure side or the low-pressure side, and can reduce the time for identifying the leakage during maintenance; moreover, timely detection can be realized, energy consumption is effectively reduced, a detection program is simplified, and the effectiveness of refrigerant detection is improved.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the step S1 includes the following steps:

s11: judging whether the refrigerator is in a refrigeration mode; if yes, calculating the coefficient λ as the total opening degree of the indoor expansion valve/the compressor frequency, and then executing step S12; if not, calculating the coefficient λ as the total opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve/the compressor frequency, and then executing step S12;

First, the refrigerant amount determination in the normal cooling operation will be described. In the cooling operation, the throttle amount of the indoor expansion device is adjusted so that the degree of superheat of the exhaust gas falls within a predetermined range. When the degree of superheat of the exhaust gas falls within the set temperature range and the fluctuations in the exhaust pressure and the exhaust temperature become small, the following expression is used, for example: the coefficient λ is the output to the indoor expansion device/the output to the compressor, and is obtained based on the output to the indoor expansion device (the total opening degree which sums up the opening degrees of the indoor expansion valves in the case where there are a plurality of indoor units, such as the expansion valve opening degree or the number of pulses in the case of the motor-driven expansion valve) and the output to the compressor (the frequency or the like in the case where the compressor is controlled by the rotation speed).

In addition, the outdoor temperature thermistor detects the ambient temperature (outside air temperature) of the outdoor unit. When the coefficient λ is equal to or greater than a value set in advance in accordance with the outside air temperature, it is determined that the refrigerant is insufficient. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram for performing this determination, in which the specific coefficient λ is calculated according to the specific condition of the air conditioner, and then the relationship curve is prestored, and when the refrigerant is detected, the coefficient λ at the corresponding external environment temperature when the refrigerant is not leaked is compared with the coefficient λ. The air conditioner is operated in advance in a state of an appropriate amount of refrigerant, and a value of the coefficient λ with respect to the outside air temperature is obtained in advance as shown by a solid line in fig. 3. Then, as shown by the broken line in fig. 3, the upper limit of the allowable range of the coefficient λ with respect to the outside air temperature is obtained in advance. Next, the following equation is obtained during normal operation: the coefficient λ is the output to the indoor expansion device/the output to the compressor, and the calculated coefficient λ and the outside air temperature are determined, and if the determined coefficient λ is in the refrigerant shortage region in fig. 3, it is determined that the refrigerant is insufficient, and if the determined coefficient λ is equal to or less than the upper limit of the allowable range of the coefficient λ, it is determined that the refrigerant amount is appropriate. When it is determined that the refrigerant is insufficient, the refrigerant leaks more than the time when the refrigerant is sealed in the air conditioner.

In the above embodiment, if the indoor temperature thermistor is also configured to detect the suction temperature (indoor temperature) to the indoor unit and the relationship between the coefficient λ and the outside air temperature and the indoor temperature can be obtained, the refrigerant amount can be determined with higher accuracy. In the case of the number-of-revolutions controlled compressor, the output to the compressor is a frequency, but in a device having one or more capacity fixed compressors, the number of compressors to be operated may be the number of compressors. That is, a parameter related to the total discharge flow from all the compressors may be used.

Next, the refrigerant quantity determination in the normal heating operation will be described. During the heating operation, the throttle amount of the outdoor expansion device is adjusted so that the degree of superheat of the exhaust gas falls within a predetermined range. When the degree of superheat of the exhaust gas falls within the set temperature range and the fluctuations in the exhaust pressure and the exhaust temperature become small, the following expression is used, for example: the coefficient λ is obtained based on the discharge amount to the outdoor expansion device and the discharge amount to the compressor.

In addition, the outdoor temperature thermistor detects the ambient temperature (outside air temperature) of the outdoor unit. As in the case of the cooling operation, the air conditioner is operated with an appropriate amount of refrigerant, and as shown in fig. 4, the value of the coefficient λ with respect to the outside air temperature is obtained in advance (the solid line is the optimum value, and the broken line is the upper limit value of the allowable range), and whether or not the amount of refrigerant is appropriate is determined.

Further, although only the outside air temperature (and the indoor temperature) is used as the determination condition, the determination accuracy can be further improved if the construction condition of the air conditioner is added as the determination condition, considering that the output to the expansion device changes depending on the construction condition of the air conditioner (such as the length of the piping and the difference in height between the outdoor unit and the indoor unit).

In this embodiment, step S1 is to determine whether the refrigerant is proper or not by calculating the coefficient λ in the cooling or heating mode and comparing the calculated coefficient λ with a distribution map of the relationship between the outside air temperature and the coefficient λ when the refrigerant is not leaked, which is stored in advance. After the air conditioner is started to operate, under the condition that the refrigerant in the air conditioner leaks to the outside, the refrigerant leakage can be detected early or quickly, and the safety of the air conditioner operation is guaranteed.

Preferably, the air conditioner presets an ambient temperature threshold T_{Ring 0}And the air conditioner is provided with a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature of the external environment. As shown in fig. 5, the step S2 specifically includes:

s21: monitoring the outside environment temperature and measuring the outside environment temperature T_{Ring 1}And an ambient temperature threshold T_{Ring 0}Comparing to determine whether T is present_{Ring 1}＝T_{Ring 0}(ii) a If yes, go to step S3; if not, go to step S1.

In the above, it is considered that the actual installation condition affects the unit parameters, for example, the lengths of the connecting pipes used in the actual installation may vary greatly, and the different lengths of the connecting pipes affect the unit parameters, so that the default value of the air conditioner leaving the factory is different from the actual condition, and the detection result is inaccurate. Similarly, if the ambient temperature of the air conditioner is not guaranteed to be consistent with the corresponding ambient temperature when the preset value is determined during actual detection, the accuracy of the detection result is also affected. In order to avoid the above-mentioned unnecessary detection caused by the refrigerant detection error condition and the unnecessary detection caused by the influence of the actual installation condition on the unit parameters when the air-conditioning ambient temperature is uncertain in the actual detection, in this embodiment, the preset ambient temperature threshold T is set_{Ring 0}Said ambient temperature threshold T_{Ring 0}And setting the environmental temperature at each preset value for the refrigerant detection. Thus, T is set_{Ring 1}＝T_{Ring 0}For the refrigerant triggering condition, at T_{Ring 1}＝T_{Ring 0}And meanwhile, refrigerant detection is carried out to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the refrigerant detection.

Preferably, the ambient temperature threshold T_{Ring 0}The setting method specifically comprises the following steps: the air conditioner presets preset values required in refrigerant detection under various unit working conditions, and the preset values are mapped with reference data after the air conditioner is started for the first time and operates stably.

Before step S21, for example, after the installation is completed or after the refrigerant is replenished for maintenance or relocation, the reference data of the air conditioner operation may be obtained after the first startup and operation is stabilized, and in the case where the reference data is selected, the preset value required for the refrigerant leakage detection (for example, the current threshold Δ I in step S34 is not performed for the first time)₀) And corresponding ambient temperature threshold T_{Ring 0}. The temperature triggering condition of the air conditioning system for judging whether to trigger the refrigerant detection is independently obtained, and is not influenced by factors such as the length of a connecting pipe adopted during installation.

During the subsequent data acquisition process, T is used_{Ring 1}＝T_{Ring 0}The condition is triggered by the refrigerant, so that the environmental condition of the air conditioning system is ensured to be at a preset environmental temperature threshold T when data is acquired every time in the refrigerant detection process_{Ring 0}The following steps of (1); and can ensure the subsequent temperature T at the external environment_{Ring 1}＝T_{Ring 0}Actual acquired data acquired at lower level and T at the existing installation condition_{Ring 0}Preset value set below (e.g. current threshold Δ I)₀) For comparison.

In the prior art, a certain value actually measured at present is compared with a preset value, and the preset value is generally matched and confirmed before delivery. In none of these detection methods, the actual installation situation and the ambient temperature situation are taken into account. For example, the lengths of the connecting pipes used in actual installation may vary greatly, and the different lengths of the connecting pipes affect the unit parameters, so that the preset value is deviated from the actual condition, resulting in inaccurate detection results. Similarly, if the ambient temperature of the air conditioner is not guaranteed to be consistent with the corresponding ambient temperature when the preset value is determined during actual detection, the accuracy of the detection result is also affected. Through the step, the environment temperature of the air conditioner during actual detection can be ensured to be consistent with the environment temperature corresponding to the preset value, and therefore the accuracy of the detection result is improved.

Preferably, in step S21, a plurality of different data collection points may be set, each corresponding to a different external environment temperature T_i，i＝1，2，3……。

Since the external environment temperature of any area where the air conditioning system is located has a relatively wide range, a plurality of different temperature points can be selected within the range, so that a plurality of mutually independent data acquisition points are determined, and the step S1 is executed as long as the external environment temperature reaches a certain data acquisition point. In step S1, when comparing, only the current measured data of the same data collection point (i.e. the same outside temperature) is compared with the preset value corresponding to the data collection point (the same outside temperature).

Through setting up a plurality of data acquisition points, can effectively avoid only when a data acquisition point the selected external environment temperature too extreme, lead to the problem that hardly reaches once more in the future. In addition, the judgment is carried out according to a plurality of groups of data of a plurality of data acquisition points, so that the detection result is more comprehensive and objective.

Preferably, the settings of the plurality of data acquisition points are specifically set as follows:

the ambient temperature range at the location of the air conditioning system, e.g. the annual minimum temperature T, is first collected_minAnnual maximum temperature T_maxIn the ambient temperature range, designating a data acquisition point every k deg.c, k being a predetermined temperature interval. I.e. the data acquisition point is T_min+ nk, wherein n is not less than 0 and is an integer.

That is, in order to more fully reflect the condition of the state parameters of the air conditioning system under various temperature conditions, a plurality of data acquisition points can be selected within the annual average temperature range of the location. The data collection point can be set according to actual conditions, and the smaller the k value is set, the more temperature points triggering refrigerant detection are, and the more opportunities the refrigerant detection is performed.

Preferably, the internet can be accessed through the communication module of the air conditioning system to collect the ambient temperature range of the location where the air conditioning system is located. For an air conditioning system provided with a communication module, required temperature data can be conveniently obtained after installation.

Preferably, the ambient temperature range of the location where the air conditioning system is located can also be collected by means of manual input. For example, at installation, the installation personnel may manually enter the local annual minimum temperature T during commissioning_minAnnual maximum temperature T_maxAnd so on.

Preferably, the ambient temperature ranges of one or more regions may be stored in advance before the air conditioning system is shipped from a factory. For example, before leaving the factory, the relevant personnel may collect weather data such as the annual minimum temperature T in each region (especially the target sales region of the air conditioner)_minAnnual maximum temperature T_maxEtc. and stored in the unit.

Preferably, the air conditioner is provided with a sensor, the air conditioning refrigerant is added with a marker component, the marker component is propagated in the air when the refrigerant leaks, and the sensor can detect the marker component when the refrigerant leaks from the sealed refrigerant circuit where the leakage has occurred. As shown in fig. 5, the step S2 of determining whether the preset trigger condition is satisfied specifically includes:

s22: detecting a marker component in the ambient environment and determining whether the sensor detects the marker component; if yes, go to step S3; if not, go to step S1.

Since the air conditioner refrigerant leaks slowly or at the initial stage of the leakage, the leakage of the air conditioner refrigerant is very slight and is not easy to be found. For the purpose of preventing the leakage, it is necessary to detect the leakage of the air conditioning refrigerant in time and confirm the leakage to prevent the leakage from deteriorating. Specific "marker" components or indicator substances or analytes present in very small concentrations are added to the refrigerant in this method to improve the detectability of refrigerant leaks. Such a leak detection system can enhance security.

A "marker component" in this embodiment is an indicator substance or analyte that is highly detectable by a particular sensor. A tag component is added to the refrigerant, wherein the sensor has a higher sensitivity to the tag component than to the refrigerant. The selective marker component is not only highly compatible with refrigerants, but is also a highly detectable reducing analyte for certain types of sensors, and under atmospheric leak conditions, the marker gas component evaporates and becomes airborne. That is, the sensor is highly sensitive to the selection marker component. In various embodiments, the marker component is selected from the group consisting of butane, isobutane, propane, hydrogen, methane, decane, butylamine, acetone, dimethylsulfide, dimethylamine, ethanol, ethyl acetate, heptane, hexane, isopropanol, methanol, methyl mercaptan, and combinations thereof. Preferably, the marker component is at least one of butane, isobutane, propane, which is particularly suitable for use in the sensors described below. In practice, the marker component is butane, isobutane or propane, respectively, or a combination of two or three of these marker components, depending on the application, the choice of sensor type, the refrigerant, the type of lubricant, etc.

Metal oxide semiconductor (also referred to as "solid state") sensors are employed in this embodiment, with Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) sensors being particularly well suited for sensing and detecting the marker components described in this embodiment. MOS sensors offer a higher level of sensitivity to the labeling component species and greatly improved selectivity relative to the sensitivity of sensors currently used to detect refrigerant leaks. The MOS sensor is less dependent on the refrigerant being detected than certain other sensing techniques and has a relatively low cost compared to current detectors commonly used in the art.

The sensor (e.g., MOS sensor) is disposed outside or near the refrigerant circuit. In various embodiments, the sensor is positioned in proximity to the refrigerant circuit at a distance of less than or equal to about 30 meters, 15 meters, 1.5 meters, etc., and in certain variations less than or equal to about 30 centimeters from the refrigerant circuit. Preferably, the sensor associated with the refrigerant circuit may be placed in the closed location or chamber where the concentration of any leaked refrigerant and marker components will be greatest.

And the MOS sensor detects the marking component, and if the marking component shows that the preset refrigerant triggering condition is met, a refrigerant detection program under the corresponding condition is executed.

By dissolving the tag component in the refrigerant, both the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensor will be improved relative to detecting the refrigerant itself in step S22. On the other hand, a single sensor may be useful for multiple refrigerants due to the presence of the tag component. Nevertheless, the tag component is provided in a concentration measured in minute quantities, i.e., parts per million (ppm), so as not to affect the ASHRAE standard 34 refrigerant classification (flammability rating, toxicity rating, or specified chemical composition) and also not to adversely affect the refrigeration or heating performance of the refrigerant. That is, these low concentrations of the marker component do not increase the ignition potential of the refrigerant. Even if the refrigerant can be detected by a particular sensor (even in a less sensitive manner), the marker component will increase or increase the sensitivity of the leaking refrigerant, thereby enhancing early detection of the leak and triggering the refrigerant detection procedure to give further confirmation, thus improving safety.

As shown in fig. 5, steps S21 and S22 are relatively independent and exist in parallel as a trigger condition. Namely, the trigger conditions include a first trigger condition and a second trigger condition, and the first trigger condition is T_{Ring 1}＝T_{Ring 0}The second trigger condition is that the sensor detects the marker component in the environment, and the first trigger condition and the second trigger condition are executed relatively independently and in parallel.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the step S2 of determining whether the preset trigger condition is met specifically includes:

s20: monitoring the outside ambient temperature T_{Ring 1}A marker component in the surrounding environment, and the temperature T of the external environment_{Ring 1}And ambient temperature threshold T_{Ring 0}Comparing and judging whether the sensor detects the marker component; determining whether a marker component is detected and T_{Ring 1}＝T_{Ring 0}(ii) a If yes, go to step S3; if not, go to step S1.

This step sets the first trigger condition in the above-described steps S21 and S22 to T_{Ring 1}＝T_{Ring 0}And the second trigger condition is that whether the sensor detects the marker component in the environment is judged as a judgment condition existing at the same time, and the trigger condition of the refrigerant detection is further limited so as to further ensure the accuracy of the refrigerant detection.

In the present embodiment, the preset trigger conditions of step S2 indicate that the two preset trigger conditions S21, S22, S20(S21 and S22), S21, S22 may be independent and parallel (S21, S22), or may be associated with each other (S21 and S22) to be set as the preset trigger conditions.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 7, the step S3 includes the following steps:

Namely, the verification determination conditions are: delta I₁>ΔI₀And W is as [ W ]₀，W₁]。

In this embodiment, the refrigerant filled in the air-conditioning refrigerant pipe is usually R600; in practical application, the R600 contains a plurality of molecular components, the invention is mainly used for monitoring the leakage of the main constituent molecular components of the R600, and specifically, the main constituent molecular components of the R600 comprise: difluoroethane (HFC152a), typically at a concentration of 65% to 85% of the total molecular weight component, isobutane (HC600a), typically at a concentration of 11% to 29% of the total molecular weight component, butane (HC600), typically at a concentration of 1% to 9% of the total molecular weight component.

Specifically, the present embodiment air conditioner includes: the controller is in communication connection with the infrared sensors; the refrigerant includes a plurality of molecular components having different wavelengths; the infrared sensor is used for monitoring the wavelength data of the molecular components in real time; in this embodiment, the molecular components monitored by the infrared sensor in real time are respectively: difluoroethane molecules, isobutane molecules, butane molecules. The controller is used for receiving and processing the wavelength data monitored by the infrared sensor to obtain the concentration percentage of each molecular component in the total molecular components.

In this embodiment, the refrigeration pipe is an evaporator; the infrared sensor is arranged close to the upper part of the evaporator; thus, the leakage of R600 can be monitored more accurately.

The infrared sensor is a gas infrared sensor, can absorb molecular components with different wavelengths, and sends the received data to the controller for processing, and correspondingly, the controller can acquire the concentration of the molecular components and the concentration percentage of any one molecular component in the total molecular components through the wavelength data of each molecular component.

Preferably, the infrared sensor is coated with the anti-condensation coating, so that the phenomenon that the lens frosts and condenses under a low-temperature environment of the infrared sensor can be prevented, the effective work of the infrared sensor is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the detection accuracy of the infrared sensor is improved.

Preferably, the number of the infrared sensors can be specifically set as required, the infrared sensors can be set as one group or multiple groups, and when the number of the infrared sensors is multiple groups, the monitoring data of each infrared sensor can be integrated, so that the monitoring result is more accurate; in specific implementation, the size of the space for arranging the infrared sensors in the air conditioner is comprehensively considered, the number of the infrared sensors is set to be one group, the requirements of users can be met, and meanwhile, the processing speed is higher.

In this embodiment, the monitored molecular components are: difluoroethane molecules, isobutane molecules, butane molecules.

The preset molecular concentration percentage ranges are multiple, a unique group of molecular concentration percentages is set corresponding to each molecular component, the preset molecular concentration percentages can be set automatically according to requirements, in the embodiment, the number of the preset molecular concentration percentage ranges set correspondingly is 3, and the unique group of the preset molecular concentration percentage ranges are set corresponding to difluoroethane molecules, isobutane molecules and butane molecules respectively.

In this embodiment, specific values of the preset molecular concentration percentage range are set according to the concentration percentages of the three molecular components contained in the refrigerant; correspondingly, the concentration percentage range of the preset molecules corresponding to difluoroethane molecules is 65-85%, the concentration percentage range of the preset molecules corresponding to isobutane molecules is 11-29%, and the concentration percentage range of the preset molecules corresponding to butane molecules is 1-9%.

In this embodiment, it is first determined whether the wavelength data of the 3 molecular components are received at the same time, so that the phenomenon of false alarm occurring when other indoor articles where the air conditioner is located release a certain molecular component can be avoided, and the probability of false alarm is reduced.

Further, after 3 molecular components are received simultaneously, the concentration percentage of each molecular component in the total molecular component is obtained according to the received wavelength data, the result of the concentration percentage is compared with the preset molecular concentration percentage range, and when the concentration percentage corresponding to each molecular component is between the preset molecular concentration percentage ranges of the system, the refrigerant leakage in the refrigerating pipe is confirmed. Therefore, whether the refrigerant leaks in the refrigerating pipe can be monitored in real time and accurately, and meanwhile, the probability of misinformation is reduced.

The method for detecting the refrigerant leakage in the embodiment can monitor whether the refrigerant leaks or not in real time by monitoring the simultaneous change of the concentration of the main molecular components in the refrigerant, and meanwhile, the probability of false alarm is reduced.

In order to avoid the problem that the refrigerant is judged to be leaked by mistake because other articles stored in a room of the air conditioner release gas with a wavelength similar to a certain component in the refrigerant, the method simultaneously judges the current of the compressor.

When the air conditioning system is lack of refrigerant, the load of the compressor is reduced, and the current I of the compressor is reduced₁Will decrease, the compressor current I₁And a compressed current upper limit value I_maxDifference value Delta I₁Greater than a predetermined current difference Δ I₀. The judgment is further carried out through the current change of the compressor, so that the misjudgment caused by the fact that other articles in a room where the air conditioner is located release gas with a wavelength similar to that of a certain component in the refrigerant is avoided.

The method can effectively detect whether the air-conditioning system is lack of the refrigerant, is simple and easy to realize, and can improve the operation reliability of the air-conditioning system. Once the trigger condition is detected in step S2, it is determined that there is a possibility of refrigerant leakage, and the process further proceeds to step S3 to perform a further verification stage on whether refrigerant leakage occurs, so that misjudgment can be effectively reduced.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 8, the step S4 includes the following steps:

s45: inputting the real-time value W ″₁With past input value W ″₀Comparing to determine whether W ″₁＜W`₀(ii) a If yes, execute the stepS46; if not, go to step S5;

The pressure of the output refrigerant of the compressor is very high. However, by appropriately adjusting the degree of opening of the indoor expansion valve, the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant decreases while passing through the indoor expansion valve. The refrigerant pipe may be divided into a high pressure section and a low pressure section according to the indoor expansion valve.

The change in the input value (W) of the compressor in the refrigerant leakage is explained with reference to fig. 9. When a refrigerant leakage occurs at the low pressure side of the refrigerant cycle system, the input value of the compressor gradually increases. This is because the refrigerant pipe sucks air to increase the pressure, and when the pressure increases to a predetermined value or more as the input of the compressor increases, the refrigerant starts to leak, and when the refrigerant leaks to some extent, the work load of the compressor decreases and the input also decreases, that is, the load of the compressor increases in the early stage of the low-pressure side refrigerant leakage. This input transition can be determined by comparing the input of the past 2-3 cycles with the current input. Therefore, if the input tends to increase, it can be judged that the refrigerant leakage occurs at the low pressure side as shown in the graph of fig. 9.

Conversely, when the refrigerant leaks from the high-pressure side, the input value decreases. This is because, when there is a refrigerant leak on the high-pressure side, the refrigerant is discharged into the atmosphere, the pressure is reduced, and the input is also reduced. That is, when there is a refrigerant leak on the high-pressure side, the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant cycle decreases due to the leak, and the load on the compressor decreases. When it is determined in step S1 that there is a shortage of refrigerant, the input end transition is detected, and if the input tends to decrease, it is determined that refrigerant leakage occurs on the high-pressure side.

For this reason, the setting of the upper limit value of the allowable range of the coefficient λ according to the step S1 is matched with the step S4 so as to satisfy the requirement that the step S4 can determine the low pressure side refrigerant leakage by the tendency of the rising input value when the step S1 determines that the refrigerant is insufficient. That is, if the coefficient λ in step S1 is larger than the upper limit value thereof, the refrigerant leakage amount satisfies the tendency of the compressor input value increasing in the case of low-pressure side leakage.

The refrigerant leakage detection method using the input value of the compressor of the above embodiment. When the refrigerant quantity is judged to be insufficient in step S1, the current input value W of the compressor is judged₁(W`₁) Whether or not it is smaller than the past input value W₀(W`₀). I.e. the current input value W₁(W`₁) If the load is small, the load of the compressor is small, and the high-pressure side is judged to be leaked; on the other hand, if the value is large, the input value tends to increase, and it is determined that the leak is on the low pressure side.

According to the method for detecting the refrigerant leakage, the relation between the real-time input value and the past input value of the compressor is detected according to the set time in the air conditioner operation process, the position of the air conditioner system with the refrigerant leakage can be effectively detected, the method can detect whether the leakage occurs on the high-pressure side or the low-pressure side, and the time for identifying the leakage occurrence position in maintenance can be reduced.

Only steps S41-S42 can be provided in this embodiment as follows:

In the present embodiment, only steps S41 to S45 can be provided, and when the determination condition is satisfied in step S45, the high-pressure side leakage is detected; if not, go to step S5.

The arbitrary time point in the embodiment of the present invention is a program execution point after the refrigerant leakage is detected, and there is no specific time, but the detection program can be performed reasonably.

Preferably, at a point in time t₁And a point in time t₂After the respective determination, step 46 is executed to determine the time point t₁W of₁And the time point t₂W' below₁Making difference and calculating delta W₁W ═ W-₁-W₁I, it is compared with the input threshold value Δ W₀Comparing to determine whether Δ W ″, or not₁＜ΔW₀(ii) a If yes, the high-pressure side leaks; if not, go to step S5. In step S46, the judgment values at the two time points are compared, so as to further improve the detection accuracy and reduce the erroneous judgment.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 10, the step S5 includes the following steps:

s52: detecting pressure change P per unit time₁Change of pressure per unit time P₁With a pressure rate of change threshold P₀Comparing and judging whether P is present₁＜P₀(ii) a If yes, go to step S53; if not, go to step S1.

Fig. 11 is a block diagram of the pressure characteristics of the low pressure section of the refrigerant line. As shown in fig. 11, the refrigerant pressure drop per unit time at the time of refrigerant leakage of the low pressure section is smaller than that of the normal operation mode without refrigerant leakage. I.e., when there is no refrigerant leakage in the low-pressure section, the refrigerant pressure is generally reduced by the indoor expansion valve installed in the refrigerant pipe. When the refrigerant of the low pressure section leaks, the outdoor air enters the refrigerant pipe through the split portion, causing the refrigerant pressure to abnormally drop. Then, the measured refrigerant pressure drop per unit time is compared with the refrigerant pressure drop per unit time thereof at the time of normal operation, thereby determining whether or not refrigerant leakage occurs.

In this embodiment, a counter is provided, and the count threshold N is set₀Is set to 3. According to the air conditioner refrigerant leakage judgment method and device, the counter is arranged, so that the air conditioner refrigerant leakage judgment accuracy is effectively improved, and the phenomenon of air conditioner refrigerant leakage misjudgment is reduced.

An air conditioner comprising the refrigerant leakage detection method described above.

The detection method in the embodiment has the following advantages:

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A method of detecting a refrigerant leak, characterized by comprising the steps of:

s5: judging whether a low-pressure side leakage judgment condition is met; if yes, the low-pressure side leaks; if not, go to step S1;

step S1 includes the following steps:

s12: determining whether the refrigerant is appropriate based on the calculated coefficient λ; if yes, go to step S2; if not, go to step S4;

wherein the output quantity of the expansion device is the opening degree of the expansion valve, or the pulse number in the case of an electric expansion valve, or the total opening degree of the expansion valve in the case of a plurality of expansion valves; the output to the compressors is the compressor frequency, or in the case of one or more fixed capacity compressors, the number of compressors operating.

2. The refrigerant leak detection method according to claim 1, wherein the detection of the trigger condition in S2 includes a first trigger condition and a second trigger condition, and the first trigger condition and the second trigger condition are executed relatively independently and in parallel.

3. The refrigerant leak detection method according to claim 2, wherein the first trigger condition is: ambient temperature T_{Ring 1}And an ambient temperature threshold T_{Ring 0}Equal; the second trigger condition is as follows: the sensor detects a marker component in the air.

4. The refrigerant leak detection method according to claim 1, wherein the trigger condition is: ambient temperature T_{Ring 1}And an ambient temperature threshold T_{Ring 0}And the sensor detects the marker component in air.

5. The refrigerant leak detection method according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 includes the steps of:

6. The refrigerant leak detection method according to claim 1, wherein the step S5 includes the steps of:

7. An air conditioner characterized by comprising the refrigerant leakage detecting method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.