CN110822599B - Refrigeration system and refrigeration method for season-shift utilization of natural cold source - Google Patents

Refrigeration system and refrigeration method for season-shift utilization of natural cold source Download PDF

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CN110822599B
CN110822599B CN201911150394.8A CN201911150394A CN110822599B CN 110822599 B CN110822599 B CN 110822599B CN 201911150394 A CN201911150394 A CN 201911150394A CN 110822599 B CN110822599 B CN 110822599B
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heat exchanger
refrigeration
cold source
natural
valve
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CN110822599A (en
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韩宗伟
叶彧维
曾一鸣
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Northeastern University China
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Northeastern University China
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F24F2005/0057—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground receiving heat-exchange fluid from a closed circuit in the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/002—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for geothermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/40—Geothermal heat-pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/54—Free-cooling systems

Abstract

The invention provides a refrigeration system for season shifting utilization of a natural cold source. The natural cooling heat exchanger obtains a natural cold source, the natural cold source is stored in the soil through the buried pipe heat exchanger arranged in the soil, the natural cold source is stored and used in a season shift mode while the requirement for refrigerating in the season is met, and refrigerating energy consumption under the condition that the natural cold source is deficient is effectively reduced; the control subsystem is used for monitoring and controlling the running state of each device, so that the optimal running mode is selected for the refrigerating system, and the energy consumption of the refrigerating system is further reduced. The invention couples the vapor compression type refrigeration with the season shift utilization of the natural cold source, effectively solves the problem of insufficient refrigeration capacity when the season shift utilization of the natural cold source is carried out, improves the comprehensive refrigeration effect of the refrigeration system and effectively reduces the refrigeration energy consumption.

Description

Refrigeration system and refrigeration method for season-shift utilization of natural cold source
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration air-conditioning systems, in particular to a refrigeration system and a refrigeration method for season-shifted utilization of a natural cold source.
Background
At present, the demand of cold energy is getting bigger and bigger, such as the cold consumption of industrial factory buildings and data equipment, and the like, and the season with high temperature is particularly prominent. The existing cold energy production is almost realized by electric energy, for example, high-density heating objects have cooling requirements all year round, the energy consumption of air conditioners is huge, the energy consumption of a Chinese data center in 2015 is up to 1000 hundred million kW.h, which is equivalent to the energy generation of a three-gorge hydropower station all year round, and the energy consumption of the Chinese data center is expected to further reach 2500 hundred million kW.h in 2021 year. The power consumption of the air conditioner of the data center accounts for about 40% of the energy consumption of the whole data center. The larger the consumption of air conditioners, the more the power consumption, the direct problems of power-limiting crisis in summer and large energy consumption, and the full utilization of natural cold energy is an effective way to realize energy conservation.
In order to improve the climate and regional applicability of the ambient air natural cold source utilization technology and avoid the influence of the cleanliness and humidity of the ambient air on the machine room environment, domestic and foreign scholars conduct a great deal of research and application on indirect heat exchange natural cold source utilization methods in different forms, and the methods mainly comprise the following forms according to different heat exchange and cold transmission and distribution modes: the air/air heat exchanger utilizes technology, indirect evaporative cooling technology, cooling tower cooling technology, secondary refrigerant heat exchange technology, integral heat pipe heat exchange technology, separated heat pipe heat exchange technology, refrigerant pump drive loop heat pipe heat exchange technology and the like. In order to enable the machine room temperature control system to fully utilize a natural cold source when the external environment temperature is low and ensure the cooling effect of the system when the environment temperature is high, domestic and foreign scholars organically integrate a separated heat pipe technology and a vapor compression refrigeration technology and research different forms of heat pipe and vapor compression composite refrigeration systems. However, the above systems can only operate in the case of low ambient temperature in winter or spring and autumn, and the system can only obtain cold energy by the existing refrigeration method when the ambient temperature in summer is high, which requires a large amount of energy.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a refrigerating system for season shift utilization of a natural cold source, which can store cold energy in winter and be used for refrigerating in summer and aims to solve the problem that a high-density heating object is high in refrigerating energy consumption.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a refrigeration system for season shifting utilization of a natural cold source, which comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a compression refrigeration unit, an air conditioner tail end device, a natural cooling heat exchanger, a ground heat exchanger and a controller;
the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are provided with a first fluid inlet, a first fluid outlet, a second fluid inlet and a second fluid outlet;
an outlet of the air-conditioning end device is connected with a first fluid inlet of the first heat exchanger, and an inlet of the air-conditioning end device is connected with a first fluid outlet of the first heat exchanger to form a secondary refrigerant loop; a coolant pump is arranged on a connecting pipeline between a first fluid outlet of the first heat exchanger and an inlet of the air-conditioning tail end device;
a second fluid outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the compression refrigerating unit, an outlet of the compression refrigerating unit is connected with an inlet of the natural cooling heat exchanger, and an outlet of the natural cooling heat exchanger is connected with a second fluid inlet of the first heat exchanger to form a refrigerant loop; a first regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline which is connected with the compression refrigerating unit in parallel, and a first channel valve and an expansion valve are sequentially arranged at the downstream of an outlet of the natural cooling heat exchanger;
a first fluid outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the natural cooling heat exchanger through a second regulating valve, and a first fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with an outlet of the first channel valve to form a refrigerant branch;
a second fluid outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the ground heat exchanger, a second fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with an outlet of the ground heat exchanger to form a circulating liquid loop, and a circulating pump is arranged on the circulating liquid loop;
the refrigerant carrying pump, the compression refrigeration unit, the first channel valve, the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve and the circulating pump are all connected with the controller.
Preferably, the compression refrigeration unit comprises a second channel valve, a gas-liquid separator and a compressor which are connected in sequence, and the compressor is connected with the controller.
Preferably, a second fluid outlet and a second fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger are both provided with temperature sensors, and the temperature sensors are connected with the controller.
Preferably, the outlet and the inlet of the air-conditioning end device are both provided with temperature sensors, and the temperature sensors are connected with the controller.
Preferably, the vertical distance from the natural cooling heat exchanger to the ground is greater than the vertical distance from the second heat exchanger to the ground, and the vertical distance from the second heat exchanger to the ground is greater than the vertical distance from the first heat exchanger to the ground.
Preferably, the ground heat exchanger is located in the soil.
Preferably, the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve are flow control valves, and the passage valve is a shutoff valve.
Further, the invention also provides a refrigeration method using natural cold source to move seasons, the refrigeration method is applied to the refrigeration system, and the refrigeration method comprises the following steps:
in winter, only the compression refrigerating unit is closed, and a natural cold source is directly used for cooling and simultaneously the cold is stored in the soil;
in the spring and autumn state, the second regulating valve, the circulating pump, the second channel valve and the compression refrigerating unit are closed, and an outdoor natural cold source is used for refrigerating;
in spring and autumn or summer, in a state that a natural cold source is deficient, the first channel valve, the second channel valve and the compression refrigerating unit are closed, and refrigeration is directly carried out by utilizing the cold storage amount in soil;
in the state that the soil cold quantity is not enough to directly supply cold in summer, the first regulating valve and the first channel valve are closed, and a compression refrigeration mode taking the ground heat exchanger as a condenser is adopted;
and in the state that the cold storage amount of the soil is exhausted in summer, the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve and the circulating pump are closed, and a compression refrigeration mode taking the natural cooling heat exchanger as a condenser is adopted.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the natural cold source is obtained through the natural cooling heat exchanger, and is stored in the soil through the buried pipe heat exchanger arranged in the soil, so that the natural cold source is stored and used in seasons while the refrigerating requirement in the season is met, and the refrigerating energy consumption under the condition of natural energy shortage is effectively reduced; the control subsystem is used for monitoring and controlling the running state of each device, so that the optimal running mode is selected for the refrigerating system, and the energy consumption of the refrigerating system is further reduced. The invention couples the refrigeration of the compressor with the season-shifting utilization of the natural cold source, effectively solves the problem of insufficient refrigerating capacity when the season-shifting utilization of the natural cold source is carried out, improves the comprehensive refrigeration effect of the refrigeration system and effectively reduces the refrigeration energy consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the winter operation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the cooling mode of the present invention in spring and autumn by directly using natural cooling source;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating the operation of the natural cooling source in spring and autumn in accordance with the present invention in a soil cooling mode or in summer;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the compression refrigeration mode operation of the present invention with soil as the condenser in summer;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the operation of the present invention in a compression refrigeration mode using a natural cooling heat exchanger as a condenser in summer.
[ description of reference ]
1: a second regulating valve; 2: a first regulating valve;
11: naturally cooling the heat exchanger; 12: a second heat exchanger; 13: a circulation pump; 14: a ground heat exchanger; 15: a first channel valve;
21: an air conditioning terminal device; 22: a first heat exchanger; 23: a coolant pump;
31: a first temperature sensor; 32: a second temperature sensor; 33: a third temperature sensor; 34: a fourth temperature sensor;
40: a controller;
51: a compressor; 52: a gas-liquid separator; 53: an oil separator; 54: a second channel valve; 55: an expansion valve.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention provides a refrigeration system for season shifting utilization of a natural cold source, which comprises a first heat exchanger 22, a second heat exchanger 12, a compression refrigeration unit, an air conditioner end device 21, a natural cooling heat exchanger 11 and a ground heat exchanger 14, wherein the natural cooling heat exchanger 11 can be an air-cooled condenser or a spray-type condenser, and the ground heat exchanger 14 is arranged in soil, as shown in figure 1. The first and second heat exchangers 22, 12 are each provided with a first fluid outlet, a first fluid inlet, a second fluid outlet and a second fluid inlet. A first fluid outlet of the first heat exchanger 22 is connected with an inlet of the air-conditioning end device 21, a first fluid inlet of the first heat exchanger 22 is connected with an outlet of the air-conditioning end device 21 to form a secondary refrigerant loop for outputting cold energy generated by a refrigeration system to a high-density heating object, and a secondary refrigerant pump 23 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the first fluid outlet of the first heat exchanger 22 and the inlet of the air-conditioning end device 21 and used for driving secondary refrigerant in the secondary refrigerant loop to circulate so as to improve heat exchange efficiency. The second fluid outlet of the first heat exchanger 22 is connected with the inlet of the compression refrigerating unit, the outlet of the compression refrigerating unit is connected with the inlet of the natural cooling heat exchanger 11, the outlet of the natural cooling heat exchanger 11 is connected with the second fluid inlet of the first heat exchanger 22, a refrigerant loop is formed, the compression refrigerating unit is started to prepare cold energy when the cold energy is insufficient, and normal cold supply of a refrigerating system is guaranteed. A first regulating valve 2 is arranged on a pipeline connected in parallel with the compression refrigeration unit, a first channel valve 15 and an expansion valve 55 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between an outlet of the natural cooling heat exchanger 11 and a second fluid inlet of the first heat exchanger 11, and the first channel valve 15 is used for opening or closing the natural cooling heat exchanger 11. The first fluid outlet of the second heat exchanger 12 is connected with the inlet of the natural cooling heat exchanger 11 through the second regulating valve 1, and the first fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger 12 is connected with the outlet of the first channel valve 15 to form a refrigerant branch for refrigerating by utilizing natural cold or refrigerating by utilizing cold stored in soil when the natural cold is sufficient. The coolant loop and the coolant branch are connected by the first heat exchanger 22, so that the high-density heating object is prevented from being directly contacted with the external environment and being polluted by the external environment. A second fluid outlet of the second heat exchanger 12 is connected with an inlet of the ground heat exchanger 14, a second fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger 12 is connected with an outlet of the ground heat exchanger 14 to form a circulating liquid loop, and a circulating pump 13 is arranged on the circulating liquid loop; when the natural cold source is sufficient in winter, the circulating liquid loop is used for storing the natural cold source in the soil; and when a natural cold source is lacked in summer, the circulating liquid loop is used for conveying the cold energy stored in the soil out to refrigerate the high-density heating object end. The refrigerating system comprises a carrier refrigerant pump 23, a compression refrigerating unit, a first regulating valve 2, a second regulating valve 1 and a circulating pump 13 which are connected with the output end of a controller 40, the controller 40 is convenient to control the carrier refrigerant pump 23 in real time, the compression refrigerating unit, a first channel valve 15, the first regulating valve 2, the states of the second regulating valve 1 and the circulating pump 13, the controller 40 controls the carrier refrigerant pump 23, the compression refrigerating unit, the first channel valve 15, the first regulating valve 2, the second regulating valve 1 and the circulating pump 13 to be opened or closed to realize different operation modes of automatic selection of the refrigerating system, a more energy-saving refrigerating mode is selected for the refrigerating system, and the energy consumption of the refrigerating system is reduced. In addition, the controller 40 controls the rotation speeds of the refrigerant-carrying pump 23 and the circulating pump 13, the opening degrees of the first regulating valve 2 and the second regulating valve 1 and the power of the compressor 51 in real time according to the temperatures monitored by the first temperature sensor 31, the second temperature sensor 32, the third temperature sensor 33 and the fourth temperature sensor 34, so that the cold quantity generated by the compression refrigeration unit is matched with the cold demand of the air-conditioning end device, the waste of energy is avoided, and the refrigeration energy consumption is further reduced.
Further, referring to fig. 1 again, the compression refrigeration unit includes a second channel valve 54, a gas-liquid separator 52 and a compressor 51 connected in sequence, wherein the gas-liquid separator 52 is an accessory of the compressor 51, and the oil separator 53 is configured to enable the compressor 51 to produce cold energy by compressing freon, so as to increase the selection range of the refrigerant, thereby improving the adaptability of the compression refrigeration unit. The compressor 51 is connected with the controller 40, so that the controller 40 can conveniently regulate and control the running state of the compression refrigerating unit in real time, and the compression refrigerating unit can effectively supplement cold energy under the state that a natural cold source is deficient, thereby ensuring the normal cold production capacity of the refrigerating system.
Furthermore, a third temperature sensor 33 is disposed at the second fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger 12, a fourth temperature sensor 34 is disposed at the second fluid outlet of the second heat exchanger 12, and both the third temperature sensor 33 and the fourth temperature sensor 34 are connected to the controller 40, so that the corresponding temperature values can be monitored in real time, and a basis is provided for selecting various modes of the refrigeration system. The export of air conditioner end device 21 is provided with second temperature sensor 32, and the entry of air conditioner end device 21 is provided with first temperature sensor 31, and first temperature sensor 31 and second temperature sensor 32 all are connected with controller 40, and the temperature in the access of the real-time supervision air conditioner end device 21 of being convenient for just can know refrigerating system's refrigeration effect through reading temperature value, provides the basis for the selection of the various modes of refrigerating system.
The vertical distance from the natural cooling heat exchanger 11 to the ground is larger than the vertical distance from the second heat exchanger 12 to the ground, the vertical distance from the second heat exchanger 12 to the ground is larger than the vertical distance from the first heat exchanger 22 to the ground, and under the condition of no auxiliary power, normal circulation of the refrigerant in a refrigerant loop and a refrigerant branch is effectively ensured. The refrigerant is preferably circulated by a heat pipe technique using a difference in density between gas and liquid phases of the refrigerant to flow the refrigerant.
Preferably, the first regulating valve 2 and the second regulating valve 1 are both flow control valves, the first channel valve 15 and the second channel valve 54 are both shut-off valves, and the natural cooling heat exchanger 11 may be an air-cooled condenser or a spray-type condenser, etc. The circulation liquid loop is filled with an antifreezing solution, and the antifreezing solution can be ethanol, glycol antifreezing solution, sodium chloride, calcium chloride and other salt solutions; the refrigerant loop and the refrigerant branch are filled with refrigerant, the refrigerant is preferably Freon or carbon dioxide, the refrigerant is selected from liquid which is heated and easily volatilized, and when the refrigerant is Freon, the compression refrigeration unit further comprises an oil separator 53; the coolant loop is filled with a coolant, preferably water or freon.
In addition, the invention also provides a refrigeration method for season shift utilization of a natural cold source, which comprises the following steps:
in the state that the environmental temperature is lower than 5-10 ℃ in winter, the natural cold source is sufficient, and the natural cold source can be stored in the soil while the natural cold source can be utilized for refrigeration. The controller 40 closes the compression refrigerating unit, the natural cooling heat exchanger 11 in the refrigerant branch circuit obtains cold energy, the cold energy is transmitted to the secondary refrigerant loop through the first heat exchanger 22, and the air conditioner tail end device 21 in the secondary refrigerant loop outputs the obtained cold energy to the high-density heating object; and a natural cooling heat exchanger 11 in the refrigerant branch circuit acquires cold energy, the cold energy is conveyed to the circulating liquid loop through a second heat exchanger 12, and the acquired cold energy is output to soil for storage through a ground heat exchanger 14 in the circulating liquid loop.
In the state that the environmental temperature is higher than 5-10 ℃ and lower than 20-30 ℃ in spring and autumn, the natural cold source can only meet the refrigeration requirement of a high-density heating object, and the natural cold source is directly used for cooling. The controller 40 closes the second regulating valve 1, the circulating pump 13, the second channel valve 54 and the compression refrigerating unit, the natural cooling heat exchanger 11 in the refrigerant branch circuit obtains cold energy, the cold energy is transmitted to the secondary refrigerant loop through the first heat exchanger 22, and the air-conditioning end device 21 in the secondary refrigerant loop outputs the obtained cold energy to the high-density heating object.
In the state that the environmental temperature is higher than 20-30 ℃ in spring and autumn or summer, a natural cold source is lacked, and the cold energy stored in the soil needs to be acquired for refrigeration. The controller 40 closes the first channel valve 15, the second channel valve 54 and the compression refrigerating unit, the ground heat exchanger 14 obtains the cold energy stored in the soil, the cold energy is transmitted to the secondary refrigerant loop through the second heat exchanger 12 and the first heat exchanger 22 in sequence, and the air-conditioning end device 21 in the secondary refrigerant loop outputs the cold energy to the high-density heating object.
In the state that the temperature is higher than 20-30 ℃ in summer and the cold storage amount of the soil is not enough for direct cold supply, the compression refrigerating unit needs to be started to assist in refrigeration. Closing the first regulating valve 2 and the first channel valve 15, and adopting a compression refrigeration mode taking the ground heat exchanger 14 as a condenser; the ground heat exchanger 14 is used as a condenser of the compression refrigerating unit, the cold energy stored in the soil is fully utilized, and the refrigerating energy consumption of the refrigerating system is effectively reduced.
Temperature is higher than 20 ~ 30 degrees centigrade and the state that the soil cold-storage volume exhausts in summer, adopts compression refrigerating unit refrigeration completely, closes first governing valve 2, second governing valve 1 and circulating pump 13, takes the compression refrigeration mode who uses natural cooling heat exchanger 11 as the condenser, guarantees under the state that the natural cold source is deficient in high temperature season, refrigerating system ability normal operating to improve refrigerating system's practicality effectively, the refrigerating system of being convenient for is applied to in the different climatic environment.
In a specific embodiment, the high-density heating target is a high-density heating target, and the inlet temperature T of the air-conditioning end device 21 is set1Floating range of T1min～T1maxTemperature T at the outlet2Floating range of T2min～T2maxTemperature difference Δ T between inlet and outlet1A floating range of Δ T1min～ΔT1max(ii) a Second fluid inlet and outlet temperature differential Δ T of second heat exchanger 122A floating range of Δ T2min～ΔT2max。
As shown in fig. 2, in a state of a low ambient temperature in winter, the natural cold source is sufficient, and the natural cold source can be stored in the soil while the natural cold source can be used for refrigeration. The controller 40 closes the compression refrigerating unit, the natural cooling heat exchanger 11 in the refrigerant branch circuit obtains cold energy, the cold energy is transmitted to the secondary refrigerant loop through the first heat exchanger 22, and the air conditioner tail end device 21 in the secondary refrigerant loop outputs the obtained cold energy to the high-density heating object; and a natural cooling heat exchanger 11 in the refrigerant branch circuit acquires cold energy, the cold energy is conveyed to the circulating liquid loop through a second heat exchanger 12, and the acquired cold energy is output to soil for storage through a ground heat exchanger 14 in the circulating liquid loop. The control method comprises the following steps:
reduced heat absorption by the air conditioning end unit 21, T1<T1minWhen the first adjusting valve 2 is adjusted, the flow of the pipeline refrigerant is reduced, and T is adjusted1Is controlled at T1min～T1maxWhile reducing the rotational speed of the coolant pump 23 by Δ T1Is controlled at Δ T1min～ΔT1maxTo (c) to (d); adjusting the second regulating valve 1 to increase the refrigerant flow in the pipeline if delta T2>ΔT2maxRaising the rotational speed of the circulating pump 13 by delta T2Control at DeltaT2min～ΔT2maxAnd the cold storage is accelerated.
The amount of heat absorbed by the air conditioning end unit 21 increases, T1>T1maxWhen the first adjusting valve 2 is adjusted, the flow of the pipeline refrigerant is increased, and T is adjusted1Is controlled at T1min～T1maxWhile increasing the rotational speed of the coolant pump 23 by Δ T1Is controlled at Δ T1min～ΔT1maxTo (c) to (d); adjusting the second regulating valve 1 to reduce the refrigerant flow in the pipeline if delta T2<ΔT2minReducing the rotational speed of the circulating pump 13 by Δ T2Is controlled at Δ T2min～ΔT2maxMeanwhile, the energy consumption is reduced.
As shown in fig. 3, in a state of moderate environmental temperature in spring and autumn, the natural cold source can only meet the refrigeration requirement of the high-density heating object, and the natural cold source is directly used for cooling. The controller 40 closes the second regulating valve 1, the circulating pump 13, the second channel valve 54 and the compression refrigerating unit, the natural cooling heat exchanger 11 in the refrigerant branch circuit obtains cold energy, the cold energy is transmitted to the secondary refrigerant loop through the first heat exchanger 22, and the air-conditioning end device 21 in the secondary refrigerant loop outputs the obtained cold energy to the high-density heating object. The control method comprises the following steps:
reduced heat absorption by the air conditioning end unit 21, T1<T1minWhen the first adjusting valve 2 is adjusted, the flow of the pipeline refrigerant is reduced, and T is adjusted1Is controlled at T1min～T1maxWhile reducing the rotational speed of the coolant pump 23 by Δ T1Is controlled at Δ T1min～ΔT1maxIn the meantime.
The amount of heat absorbed by the air conditioning end unit 21 increases, T1>T1maxWhen the first adjusting valve 2 is adjusted, the flow of the pipeline refrigerant is increased, and T is adjusted1Is controlled at T1min～T1maxWhile increasing the rotational speed of the coolant pump 23 by Δ T1Is controlled at Δ T1min～ΔT1maxIn the meantime.
As shown in fig. 4, in the state of high ambient temperature in spring and autumn or summer, the natural cold source is lacked, and the cold stored in the soil needs to be obtained for refrigeration. The controller 40 closes the first channel valve 15, the second channel valve 54 and the compression refrigerating unit, the ground heat exchanger 14 obtains the cold energy stored in the soil, the cold energy is transmitted to the secondary refrigerant loop through the second heat exchanger 12 and the first heat exchanger 22 in sequence, and the air-conditioning end device 21 in the secondary refrigerant loop outputs the cold energy to the high-density heating object. The control method comprises the following steps:
reduced heat absorption by the air conditioning end unit 21, T1<T1minWhen the refrigerant flows in the pipeline are reduced, the first regulating valve 2 and the second regulating valve 1 are regulated to reduce the flow of the refrigerant in the pipeline, and T is adjusted1Is controlled at T1min～T1maxIn between, the rotational speed of the coolant pump 23 is reduced by Δ T1Is controlled at Δ T1min～ΔT1maxIf Δ T2<ΔT2minReducing the rotational speed of the circulating pump 13 by Δ T2Is controlled at Δ T2min～ΔT2maxIn the meantime.
Air conditioner end unit 21 absorptionIncrease in heat quantity of T1>T1maxThe first regulating valve 2 and the second regulating valve 1 are regulated to increase the flow of the pipeline refrigerant, and T is adjusted1Is controlled at T1min～T1maxIn between, the rotational speed of the coolant pump 23 is increased by Δ T1Is controlled at Δ T1min～ΔT1maxIf Δ T2>ΔT2maxRaising the rotational speed of the circulating pump 13 by delta T2Is controlled at Δ T2min～ΔT2maxIn the meantime.
As shown in fig. 5, in the state that the soil cold energy is not enough to directly supply cold in summer, the compression refrigerating unit needs to be started to assist the refrigeration. Closing the first regulating valve 2, the first channel valve 15 and the natural cooling heat exchanger 11, and adopting a compression refrigeration mode taking the ground heat exchanger 14 as a condenser; the ground heat exchanger 14 is used as a condenser of the compression refrigerating unit, the cold energy stored in the soil is fully utilized, and the refrigerating energy consumption of the refrigerating system is effectively reduced. The control method comprises the following steps:
reduced heat absorption by the air conditioning end unit 21, T1<T1minAt this time, the power of the compressor 51 is reduced by frequency conversion to reduce T1Is controlled at T1min～T1maxIn between, the rotational speed of the coolant pump 23 is reduced by Δ T1Is controlled at Δ T1min～ΔT1maxIf Δ T2<ΔT2minReducing the rotational speed of the circulating pump 13 by Δ T2Is controlled at Δ T2min～ΔT2maxIn the meantime.
The amount of heat absorbed by the air conditioning end unit 21 increases, T1>T1maxAt this time, the power of the compressor 51 is increased by frequency conversion to increase T1Is controlled at T1min～T1maxIn between, the rotational speed of the coolant pump 23 is increased by Δ T1Is controlled at Δ T1min～ΔT1maxIf Δ T2>ΔT2maxRaising the rotational speed of the circulating pump 13 by delta T2Is controlled at Δ T2min～ΔT2maxIn the meantime.
As shown in fig. 6, in the state that the cold storage amount of the soil is exhausted in summer, the compression refrigerating unit is completely adopted for refrigerating, the first regulating valve 2, the second regulating valve 1 and the circulating pump 13 are closed, the compression refrigerating mode taking the natural cooling heat exchanger 11 as the condenser is adopted, and the normal operation of the refrigerating system can be ensured under the condition that the natural cold source is deficient in high-temperature seasons, so that the practicability of the refrigerating system is effectively improved, and the refrigerating system is convenient to apply to different climatic environments. The control method comprises the following steps:
reduced heat absorption by the air conditioning end unit 21, T1<T1minAt this time, the power of the compressor 51 is reduced by frequency conversion to reduce T1Is controlled at T1min～T1maxIn between, the rotational speed of the coolant pump 23 is reduced by Δ T1Is controlled at Δ T1min～ΔT1maxIn the meantime.
The amount of heat absorbed by the air conditioning end unit 21 increases, T1>T1maxAt this time, the power of the compressor 51 is increased by frequency conversion to increase T1Is controlled at T1min～T1maxIn between, the rotational speed of the coolant pump 23 is increased by Δ T1Is controlled at Δ T1min～ΔT1maxIn the meantime.
According to the invention, by coupling the soil cold accumulation with the refrigeration of the compressor 51, season shift utilization of a natural cold source is realized, and the problems that the natural cold source cannot be utilized and the cold energy cannot be sufficiently supplied by the natural cold source when the outdoor temperature is too high are effectively solved. The cold accumulation of the soil is realized by utilizing the temperature difference between a natural cold source and the soil in winter, the cold energy stored in the soil is fully utilized to refrigerate the high-density heating object in summer, and the compression refrigeration mode is started when the cold energy is insufficient. When a natural cold source is used for refrigeration, a heat pipe refrigeration mode is adopted, the condenser is arranged at the top and has a height difference with the evaporator, refrigeration circulation is carried out by depending on the density difference of gas phase and liquid phase of the refrigerant, the compressor 51 is not needed for compressing the refrigerant, electric energy is greatly saved, and energy consumption when a high-density heating object is cooled is reduced.
It should be understood that the above description of specific embodiments of the present invention is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical lines and features of the present invention, and is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. It is intended that all such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims be embraced therein.

Claims (6)

1. A refrigerating system for season-shifting utilization of a natural cold source is characterized by comprising a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a compression refrigerating unit, an air conditioner tail end device, a natural cooling heat exchanger, a ground heat exchanger and a controller;
the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are provided with a first fluid inlet, a first fluid outlet, a second fluid inlet and a second fluid outlet;
an outlet of the air-conditioning end device is connected with a first fluid inlet of the first heat exchanger, and an inlet of the air-conditioning end device is connected with a first fluid outlet of the first heat exchanger to form a secondary refrigerant loop; a coolant pump is arranged on a connecting pipeline between a first fluid outlet of the first heat exchanger and an inlet of the air-conditioning tail end device;
temperature sensors are arranged at the outlet and the inlet of the air conditioner terminal device and are connected with the controller;
a second fluid outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the compression refrigerating unit, an outlet of the compression refrigerating unit is connected with an inlet of the natural cooling heat exchanger, and an outlet of the natural cooling heat exchanger is connected with a second fluid inlet of the first heat exchanger to form a refrigerant loop; a first regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline which is connected with the compression refrigerating unit in parallel, and a first channel valve and an expansion valve are sequentially arranged at the downstream of an outlet of the natural cooling heat exchanger;
a first fluid outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the natural cooling heat exchanger through a second regulating valve, and a first fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with an outlet of the first channel valve to form a refrigerant branch;
a second fluid outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the ground heat exchanger, a second fluid inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with an outlet of the ground heat exchanger to form a circulating liquid loop, and a circulating pump is arranged on the circulating liquid loop;
the refrigerant carrying pump, the compression refrigeration unit, the first channel valve, the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve and the circulating pump are all connected with the controller; the compression refrigeration unit comprises a second channel valve, a gas-liquid separator and a compressor which are sequentially connected, and the compressor is connected with the controller.
2. The refrigerant system as set forth in claim 1, wherein temperature sensors are provided at both of said second fluid outlet and said second fluid inlet of said second heat exchanger, said temperature sensors being connected to said controller.
3. The refrigerant system as set forth in claim 1, wherein said free cooling heat exchanger is located a greater vertical distance from ground than said second heat exchanger, said second heat exchanger being located a greater vertical distance from ground than said first heat exchanger.
4. A refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the borehole heat exchanger is disposed in the soil.
5. A refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said first regulating valve and said second regulating valve are flow control valves, and said passage valve is a shutoff valve.
6. A refrigerating method using natural cold source for season shift, which is applied to the refrigerating system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the refrigerating method comprises:
in winter, only the compression refrigerating unit is closed, and a natural cold source is directly used for cooling and simultaneously the cold is stored in the soil;
in the spring and autumn state, the second regulating valve, the circulating pump, the second channel valve and the compression refrigerating unit are closed, and an outdoor natural cold source is used for refrigerating;
in spring and autumn or summer, in a state that a natural cold source is deficient, the first channel valve, the second channel valve and the compression refrigerating unit are closed, and refrigeration is directly carried out by utilizing the cold storage amount in soil;
in the state that the soil cold quantity is not enough to directly supply cold in summer, the first regulating valve and the first channel valve are closed, and a compression refrigeration mode taking the ground heat exchanger as a condenser is adopted;
and in the state that the cold storage amount of the soil is exhausted in summer, the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve and the circulating pump are closed, and a compression refrigeration mode taking the natural cooling heat exchanger as a condenser is adopted.
CN201911150394.8A 2019-11-21 2019-11-21 Refrigeration system and refrigeration method for season-shift utilization of natural cold source Active CN110822599B (en)

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