CN110821958A - Axial hybrid air-floating main shaft - Google Patents
Axial hybrid air-floating main shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN110821958A CN110821958A CN201911242465.7A CN201911242465A CN110821958A CN 110821958 A CN110821958 A CN 110821958A CN 201911242465 A CN201911242465 A CN 201911242465A CN 110821958 A CN110821958 A CN 110821958A
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- main shaft
- rotor
- spindle
- permanent magnet
- iron core
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGWWEXORQXHJJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Fe].[Co].[Ni] KGWWEXORQXHJJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0402—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means combined with other supporting means, e.g. hybrid bearings with both magnetic and fluid supporting means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0408—Passive magnetic bearings
- F16C32/0423—Passive magnetic bearings with permanent magnets on both parts repelling each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
- F16C32/0603—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion
- F16C32/0614—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion the gas being supplied under pressure, e.g. aerostatic bearings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an axial hybrid air-flotation main shaft, which comprises a main shaft rotor, an electromagnetic actuator assembly and a main shaft shell, wherein the electromagnetic actuator assembly comprises a secondary iron core and a coil winding which are fixed on the main shaft shell; the permanent magnets are arranged on the main shaft rotor in a mode that the polarity directions are the same; the permanent magnet motor also comprises secondary iron cores fixed on the main shaft rotor, and the number of the secondary iron cores is one more than that of the permanent magnets; a secondary iron core is clamped between any two adjacent permanent magnets, and two secondary iron cores are attached to two sides of each permanent magnet. The structural design of the air floatation main shaft can enable the air floatation main shaft to be applied to machining of precise optical equipment, such as machining of parts with surface microstructures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air floatation spindles, in particular to an axially movable static pressure air floatation spindle.
Background
The air-float main shaft belongs to a high-precision rotary power device, and is formed from main shaft rotor, throttle, servo motor and others. The air-float main shaft comprises a supporting part and a driving part, wherein the supporting part consists of a main shaft rotor and a restrictor to realize non-contact supporting; the driving part realizes the precise rotation function through a servo motor.
The air-floating main shaft is widely applied to the technical field of high-precision surface microstructure processing, and meanwhile, the air-floating main shaft has important influence on a processing result.
Further optimizing the structural design of the air-floating main shaft to meet the processing requirements of new parts introduced by the continuous development of scientific technology, which is a technical problem to be solved urgently by technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides an axially movable and static pressure air-floating main shaft, which can be applied to precision optical equipment processing, such as part processing with a surface microstructure, in order to solve the technical problems to be solved by the technical personnel in the field by further optimizing the structural design of the air-floating main shaft, so as to meet the new part processing requirements introduced by the continuous development of science and technology.
The axial movable static pressure air-float main shaft provided by the invention solves the problems through the following technical points: an axial hybrid air-flotation main shaft comprises a main shaft rotor, an electromagnetic actuator assembly and a main shaft shell, wherein the electromagnetic actuator assembly is used for driving the main shaft rotor to enable the main shaft rotor to move along the axis of the main shaft rotor, the electromagnetic actuator assembly comprises a secondary iron core and a coil winding, the secondary iron core and the coil winding are fixed on the main shaft shell, the electromagnetic actuator assembly further comprises permanent magnets fixed on the main shaft rotor, the permanent magnets are multiple and are arranged at intervals along the axis of the main shaft rotor;
the permanent magnets are arranged on the main shaft rotor in a mode that the polarity directions are the same;
the permanent magnet motor also comprises secondary iron cores fixed on the main shaft rotor, and the number of the secondary iron cores is one more than that of the permanent magnets;
a secondary iron core is clamped between any two adjacent permanent magnets, and two secondary iron cores are attached to two sides of each permanent magnet.
In the prior art, a static pressure air bearing is provided with a spindle housing for fixing parts such as a driving motor, a bearing assembly and an electromagnetic actuator assembly, wherein a spindle rotor is partially positioned in the spindle housing, and the position of the spindle rotor relative to the spindle housing is restricted by a restrictor on the bearing assembly during operation.
Along with the development of economic technology in China, the air-floating main shaft applied to the field of compact processing is widely applied, for example, the air-floating main shaft can be used for processing in a plurality of precise optical devices, but along with the development of the technology, the specific processing form is changed immediately, for example, parts with surface microstructures are involved in the precise optical devices.
When the air floatation main shaft works, the air floatation main shaft can generate certain axial deviation under the general condition, and although the prior art relates to the correction of the position of a main shaft rotor on the self axis by adopting an electromagnetic actuator assembly, the air floatation main shaft can not adapt to the processing of parts with surface microstructures: such as in chip processing, can achieve correction of minute offsets of several or tens of microns, and does not involve adjustment of the axial position of the spindle rotor to match the surface shape required by the component. However, the existing forces from electromagnetic actuator assemblies are insufficient to produce the above match, as microstructures, for example, having a height of up to 1mm or more, are possible on components of existing optical devices.
When the scheme is specifically designed, the characteristic that the rotating speed of the spindle rotor on the air floatation spindle is high is considered, the electromagnetic actuator assembly comprises a primary iron core and a coil winding which are fixed on a spindle shell, and a permanent magnet which is fixed on the spindle rotor is arranged, and in the above structural design, the source problem of electromagnetic force and the problem of acting on the spindle rotor in the axial direction are solved by generating a wave magnetic field like an electromagnetic coil and the primary iron core. The electromagnetic actuator component is fixed in the secondary coil and the permanent magnet on the main shaft rotor, the polarity directions of the permanent magnets are the same, namely, the N-level directions of the permanent magnets are the same, and the S-level directions of the permanent magnets are the same. Through the quantity design and the design of arranging of above secondary coil and permanent magnet for the magnetic field intensity problem and the magnetic field distribution width problem on the main shaft rotor axis that come from the permanent magnet have been solved to the assembly that permanent magnet and secondary iron core formed, like this, through electromagnetic actuator subassembly, can make and have sufficient thrust in order to force main shaft rotor to produce the axial displacement who is used for satisfying the parts machining needs of several millimeters between main shaft shell and the main shaft rotor. Meanwhile, the arrangement mode of the permanent magnet and the secondary iron core can avoid the failure of the permanent magnet due to the strength problem of the permanent magnet: the permanent magnet both sides all laminate secondary iron core, and above secondary iron core is except changing magnetic field distribution, and it is through providing the support for the permanent magnet tip simultaneously for the permanent magnet only receives the pressure when this electromagnetic actuator subassembly work, solves the problem that permanent magnet intensity can not reach the requirement under required electromagnetic force.
The technical scheme is that the air floatation main shaft can be applied to machining of precise optical equipment, and machining of parts with surface microstructures is achieved. Meanwhile, the scheme is simple in structure and convenient to assemble.
As a person skilled in the art, in the implementation, the matching relationship between the spindle rotor and other components needs to allow the spindle rotor to generate corresponding axial displacement under the action of the electromagnetic actuator assembly, taking into account the displacement of the spindle rotor.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
for the installation of making things convenient for permanent magnet, secondary iron core to and avoid main shaft rotor to become the magnetic flux and provide the route and influence work such as driving motor, cause the rotation accuracy of air supporting main shaft etc. to suffer to influence or parts such as driving motor itself receives the influence, set up to: the spindle rotor comprises a non-magnetic conduction shaft section made of a non-magnetic conduction material, and the secondary iron core and the permanent magnet are fixed on the non-magnetic conduction shaft section.
For conveniently obtaining the displacement of the axial movement of the main shaft rotor, the method comprises the following steps: the device also comprises a position sensor, wherein the position sensor is used for measuring the displacement of the axial displacement of the spindle rotor.
In order to realize the automatic adjustment or automatic tracking of the axial position of the main shaft rotor and realize closed-loop control, the method is set as follows: the power supply control system is characterized by further comprising a control system, wherein the signal input end of the control system is in signal connection with the signal output end of the position sensor, and the control system controls power supply parameters of the coil winding by acquiring output signals of the position sensor.
In order to conveniently obtain enough driving force for driving the main shaft rotor to generate axial displacement, the driving force is set as follows: the permanent magnet and the secondary iron core are both of annular structures coaxial with the main shaft rotor, the outer diameter of the secondary iron core is larger than or equal to that of the permanent magnet, and the inner diameter of the secondary iron core is smaller than or equal to that of the permanent magnet;
the coil winding and the primary iron core are both cylindrical, and the coil winding comprises a coil cake and an encapsulation layer for encapsulating the coil cake; an annular groove is formed in the inner side of the primary iron core, the end part of the annular groove is located on the inner side of the end part of the primary iron core, and the coil winding is embedded in the annular groove;
along the radial direction of the main shaft rotor, the projections of any permanent magnet and any secondary iron core all fall on the coil winding. The technical scheme provided by the scheme aims to achieve the corresponding purpose by optimizing or strengthening the stress or the stress capacity of each part forming the electromagnetic actuator assembly and optimizing the matching relation of each part.
As a control method for matching the thrust of pressure gas to a spindle rotor so as to realize the axial displacement control of the spindle rotor under the combined action of a restrictor and an electromagnetic actuator assembly, the control method is characterized in that: the spindle rotor is provided with a reducing section, two ends of the reducing section are respectively provided with a shaft shoulder, the shaft shoulder and the reducing section enclose an annular groove extending along the circumferential direction of the spindle rotor, and the inner side of the restrictor is embedded into the annular groove; orifices are arranged on the upper surface and the end surface of the inner wall surface of the restrictor;
and in the throttling holes on the end surface of the throttling device, the openings of part of the throttling holes or all the throttling holes face to the shaft shoulder on the side of the end surface. This scheme of adoption is located through the main shaft rotor axial and produces under throttle and electromagnetic actuator subassembly combined action, can optimize main shaft rotor displacement volume control precision or mediate the precision.
More completely, the setting is as follows: the air supply device also comprises a driving motor for driving the main shaft rotor to rotate and an air supply system for supplying air to the throttler.
For obtaining more stable flow controller compressed gas source to make bearing assembly provide stable axial force for main shaft rotor, be convenient for cooperate electromagnetic actuator subassembly to realize main shaft rotor axial micro-feed motion, mediate the precision with the improvement main shaft rotor axial displacement, with the high accuracy processing of adaptation part surface microstructure, set up to: the air supply system comprises an air compressor, an air inlet valve, an air storage tank, a flow valve, a filter and a pressure regulating valve which are sequentially connected in series along the air supply direction for supplying air to the restrictor.
For making the main shaft rotor can obtain more accurate rotation accuracy to improve this air supporting main shaft's machining precision, set up to: the driving motor is a servo motor.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the scheme is specifically designed, the characteristic that the rotating speed of the spindle rotor on the air floatation spindle is high is considered, the electromagnetic actuator assembly comprises a primary iron core and a coil winding which are fixed on a spindle shell, and a permanent magnet which is fixed on the spindle rotor is arranged, and in the above structural design, the source problem of electromagnetic force and the problem of acting on the spindle rotor in the axial direction are solved by generating a wave magnetic field like an electromagnetic coil and the primary iron core. The electromagnetic actuator component is fixed in the secondary coil and the permanent magnet on the main shaft rotor, the polarity directions of the permanent magnets are the same, namely, the N-level directions of the permanent magnets are the same, and the S-level directions of the permanent magnets are the same. Through the quantity design and the design of arranging of above secondary coil and permanent magnet for the magnetic field intensity problem and the magnetic field distribution width problem on the main shaft rotor axis that come from the permanent magnet have been solved to the assembly that permanent magnet and secondary iron core formed, like this, through electromagnetic actuator subassembly, can make and have sufficient thrust in order to force main shaft rotor to produce the axial displacement who is used for satisfying the parts machining needs of several millimeters between main shaft shell and the main shaft rotor. Meanwhile, the arrangement mode of the permanent magnet and the secondary iron core can avoid the failure of the permanent magnet due to the strength problem of the permanent magnet: the permanent magnet both sides all laminate secondary iron core, and above secondary iron core is except changing magnetic field distribution, and it is through providing the support for the permanent magnet tip simultaneously for the permanent magnet only receives the pressure when this electromagnetic actuator subassembly work, solves the problem that permanent magnet intensity can not reach the requirement under required electromagnetic force.
The technical scheme is that the air floatation main shaft can be applied to machining of precise optical equipment, and machining of parts with surface microstructures is achieved. Meanwhile, the scheme is simple in structure and convenient to assemble.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an axially movable and static pressure air-floating spindle according to the present invention, which is a partial sectional view;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an axially hybrid air spindle according to the present invention, which is a partial cross-sectional view, different from FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 is used to show more specific reference numerals;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of an axially hybrid air-floating spindle according to the present invention, which is a partial schematic view and a partial sectional view for highlighting a structural structure and a specific assembly manner of an electromagnetic actuator assembly.
The reference numbers in the figures are in order: 1. the device comprises a driving motor, 2, a bearing assembly, 21, a restrictor, 22, a reducing section, 3, an electromagnetic actuator assembly, 31, a non-magnetic-conductive shaft section, 32, a permanent magnet, 33, a coil winding, 34, a primary iron core, 35, a secondary iron core, 36, a position sensor, 37, a control system, 4, a spindle rotor, 5, a spindle shell, 6, an air supply system, 61, an air compressor, 62, an air inlet valve, 63, an air storage tank, 64, a flow valve, 65, a filter, 66 and a pressure regulating valve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the structure of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, an axial hybrid air spindle includes a spindle rotor 4, an electromagnetic actuator assembly 3 and a spindle housing 5, where the electromagnetic actuator assembly 3 is configured to drive the spindle rotor 4, so that the spindle rotor 4 moves along an axis of the spindle rotor 4, the electromagnetic actuator assembly 3 includes a secondary core 35 and a coil winding 33 fixed on the spindle housing 5, the electromagnetic actuator assembly 3 further includes a plurality of permanent magnets 32 fixed on the spindle rotor 4, and the permanent magnets 32 are arranged at intervals along the axis of the spindle rotor 4;
the permanent magnets 32 are arranged on the main shaft rotor 4 in a manner that the polarity directions are the same;
the permanent magnet motor further comprises secondary iron cores 35 fixed on the main shaft rotor 4, wherein the number of the secondary iron cores 35 is one more than that of the permanent magnets 32;
a secondary iron core 35 is clamped between any two adjacent permanent magnets 32, and two secondary iron cores 35 are attached to two sides of each permanent magnet 32.
In the prior art, on the static pressure air bearing, the spindle housing 5 is used for fixing parts such as the driving motor 1, the bearing assembly 2 and the electromagnetic actuator assembly 3, the spindle rotor 4 is partially positioned in the spindle housing 5, and in operation, the position of the spindle rotor 4 relative to the spindle housing 5 is restricted by the restrictor 21 on the bearing assembly 2.
Along with the development of economic technology in China, the air-floating main shaft applied to the field of compact processing is widely applied, for example, the air-floating main shaft can be used for processing in a plurality of precise optical devices, but along with the development of the technology, the specific processing form is changed immediately, for example, parts with surface microstructures are involved in the precise optical devices.
When the air floatation main shaft works, the air floatation main shaft can generate certain axial deviation under the general condition, and although the electromagnetic actuator assembly 3 is adopted to realize the correction of the position of the main shaft rotor 4 on the self axis in the prior art, the air floatation main shaft can not adapt to the processing of parts with surface microstructures: such as in chip processing, correction of minute offsets of several micrometers or several tens of micrometers can be achieved, and does not involve adjustment of the axial position of the spindle rotor 4 to match the surface shape required by the component. However, the existing forces from the electromagnetic actuator assembly 3 are insufficient to produce the above match, as the height of the microstructures, for example, can be as high as 1mm or more, relative to the microstructures on the component parts of the existing optical devices.
In the specific design of the scheme, the electromagnetic actuator assembly 3 is arranged to comprise the primary iron core 34 and the coil winding 33 which are fixed on the main shaft shell 5 and also comprise the permanent magnet 32 which is fixed on the main shaft rotor 4 in consideration of the characteristic of high rotating speed of the main shaft rotor 4 on the air floatation main shaft, and in the above structural design, the source problem of electromagnetic force and the problem of action of force on the main shaft rotor 4 in the axial direction are solved by generating a wave magnetic field like the electromagnetic coil and the primary iron core 34. In the secondary coil of the electromagnetic actuator assembly 3 fixed to the spindle rotor 4 and the permanent magnets 32, the permanent magnets 32 having the same polarity and orientation are arranged such that N-level orientations of the permanent magnets 32 are the same, and S-level orientations of the permanent magnets 32 are the same, specifically, the magnetic actuator assembly may be arranged such that the S-level of each permanent magnet 32 is oriented to the left or the right, and the N-level of each permanent magnet 32 is oriented to the right or the left along the left-right connecting line in the axial direction of the spindle rotor 4. Through the number design and the arrangement design of the secondary coils and the permanent magnets 32, the problem of the magnetic field intensity of the permanent magnets 32 and the problem of the magnetic field distribution width on the axis of the spindle rotor 4 are solved by a combined body formed by the permanent magnets 32 and the secondary iron core 35, and thus, through the electromagnetic actuator assembly 3, enough thrust can be provided between the spindle shell 5 and the spindle rotor 4 to force the spindle rotor 4 to generate axial displacement of several millimeters for meeting the part processing requirements. Meanwhile, the arrangement of the permanent magnet 32 and the secondary iron core 35 can avoid the failure of the permanent magnet 32 caused by the strength problem of the permanent magnet 32: the two sides of the permanent magnet 32 are respectively attached with the secondary iron cores 35, and the secondary iron cores 35 not only change the magnetic field distribution, but also provide support for the end parts of the permanent magnet 32, so that the permanent magnet 32 is only pressed when the electromagnetic actuator component 3 works, and the problem that the strength of the permanent magnet 32 cannot meet the requirement under the required electromagnetic force is solved.
The technical scheme is that the air floatation main shaft can be applied to machining of precise optical equipment, and machining of parts with surface microstructures is achieved. Meanwhile, the scheme is simple in structure and convenient to assemble.
As a person skilled in the art, in the implementation, the matching relationship between the spindle rotor 4 and other components needs to allow the spindle rotor 4 to generate corresponding axial displacement under the action of the electromagnetic actuator assembly 3, taking into account the displacement of the spindle rotor 4.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the present embodiment is further detailed based on embodiment 1:
in order to facilitate the installation of the permanent magnet 32 and the secondary core 35 and to prevent the spindle rotor 4 from being a magnetic flux providing path to affect the operation of the driving motor 1, etc., and to cause the rotation accuracy of the air floatation spindle to be affected or the components of the driving motor 1, etc. to be affected, the following are set: the spindle rotor 4 includes a non-magnetic conductive shaft section 31 made of a non-magnetic conductive material, and the secondary core 35 and the permanent magnet 32 are fixed to the non-magnetic conductive shaft section 31. In the scheme, the non-magnetic material is a non-magnetic material, such as a nickel-based alloy, specifically, an iron-cobalt-nickel alloy. In consideration of the cost of the spindle rotor 4, the non-magnetic-conductive shaft section 31 is a shaft section connected in series to the spindle rotor 4, and other shaft sections of the spindle rotor 4 are made of conventional materials.
In order to conveniently obtain the displacement of the axial movement of the spindle rotor 4, the following steps are set: a position sensor 36 is also included, the position sensor 36 being used to measure the amount of displacement of the spindle rotor 4 in the axial direction.
In order to realize the automatic adjustment or automatic tracking of the axial position of the main shaft rotor 4 and realize closed-loop control, the method is set as follows: the control system 37 is further included, a signal input end of the control system 37 is in signal connection with a signal output end of the position sensor 36, and the control system 37 controls power supply parameters of the coil winding 33 by acquiring an output signal of the position sensor 36.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the present embodiment is further detailed based on embodiment 1:
in order to obtain sufficient driving force for driving the spindle rotor 4 to perform axial displacement, the following arrangements are adopted: the permanent magnet 32 and the secondary iron core 35 are both in an annular structure coaxial with the spindle rotor 4, the outer diameter of the secondary iron core 35 is larger than or equal to that of the permanent magnet 32, and the inner diameter of the secondary iron core 35 is smaller than or equal to that of the permanent magnet 32;
the coil winding 33 and the primary iron core 34 are both cylindrical, and the coil winding 33 comprises a coil cake and an encapsulation layer for encapsulating the coil cake; an annular groove is formed in the inner side of the primary iron core 34, the end part of the annular groove is located on the inner side of the end part of the primary iron core 34, and the coil winding 33 is embedded in the annular groove;
along the radial direction of the main shaft rotor 4, the projections of any permanent magnet 32, the secondary core 35 all fall on the coil winding 33. The technical scheme provided by the scheme aims to achieve the corresponding purpose by optimizing or strengthening the stress or the stress capacity of each part forming the electromagnetic actuator assembly 3 and optimizing the matching relation of each part.
As a method for controlling the axial displacement of the spindle rotor 4 by matching the thrust of the pressurized gas to the spindle rotor 4 under the cooperation of the restrictor 21 and the electromagnetic actuator assembly 3, the method is characterized in that: the spindle rotor is characterized by further comprising a bearing assembly 2 fixed on the spindle housing 5, wherein the bearing assembly 2 comprises an annular throttle 21, the spindle rotor 4 is further provided with a reducing section 22, two ends of the reducing section 22 are respectively provided with a shaft shoulder, the shaft shoulders and the reducing section 22 enclose an annular groove extending along the circumferential direction of the spindle rotor 4, and the inner side of the throttle 21 is embedded into the annular groove; orifices are arranged on the upper surface and the end surface of the inner wall surface of the throttler 21;
in the orifice on the end face of the orifice 21, the orifices of some or all of the orifices face the shoulder on the side of the end face. This scheme of adoption, through the main shaft rotor 4 axial position produce under throttle 21 and electromagnetic actuator subassembly 3 combined action, can optimize main shaft rotor 4 displacement volume control precision or mediate the precision.
More completely, the setting is as follows: the device also comprises a driving motor 1 for driving the spindle rotor 4 to rotate, and an air supply system 6 for supplying air to the throttler 21.
In order to obtain a more stable source of compressed gas of the restrictor 21, so that the bearing assembly 2 provides stable axial force for the spindle rotor 4, the axial micro-feeding motion of the spindle rotor 4 is realized by matching with the electromagnetic actuator assembly 3 conveniently, the adjusting precision of the axial displacement of the spindle rotor 4 is improved, and the high-precision machining of the surface microstructure of a part is adapted, and the setting is as follows: the air supply system 6 includes an air compressor 61, an air intake valve 62, an air tank 63, a flow valve 64, a filter 65, and a pressure regulating valve 66, which are connected in series in this order along the air supply direction for supplying air to the restrictor 21.
In order to enable the spindle rotor 4 to obtain more accurate rotation precision and improve the processing precision of the air floatation spindle, the air floatation spindle is provided with the following steps: the driving motor 1 is a servo motor.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the present invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments thereof, and it is not intended that the specific embodiments of the present invention be limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, other embodiments that do not depart from the gist of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The axial hybrid air-floating main shaft comprises a main shaft rotor (4), an electromagnetic actuator assembly (3) and a main shaft shell (5), wherein the electromagnetic actuator assembly (3) is used for driving the main shaft rotor (4) to enable the main shaft rotor (4) to move along the axis of the main shaft rotor (4), the electromagnetic actuator assembly (3) comprises a secondary iron core (34) and a coil winding (33) which are fixed on the main shaft shell (5), and the electromagnetic actuator assembly (3) further comprises a permanent magnet (32) which is fixed on the main shaft rotor (4), and is characterized in that the permanent magnet (32) is multiple and is arranged at intervals along the axis of the main shaft rotor (4);
the permanent magnets (32) are arranged on the main shaft rotor (4) in a mode that the polarity directions are the same;
the permanent magnet motor further comprises secondary iron cores (35) fixed on the main shaft rotor (4), wherein the number of the secondary iron cores (35) is one more than that of the permanent magnets (32);
a secondary iron core (35) is clamped between any two adjacent permanent magnets (32), and two sides of each permanent magnet (32) are respectively attached with one secondary iron core (35).
2. The axial hybrid air spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spindle rotor (4) comprises a non-magnetic conducting shaft section (31) made of a non-magnetic conducting material, and the secondary core (35) and the permanent magnet (32) are fixed to the non-magnetic conducting shaft section (31).
3. The axial hybrid air spindle according to claim 1, further comprising a position sensor (36), wherein the position sensor (36) is configured to measure a displacement amount of the spindle rotor (4) in an axial displacement.
4. The axial hybrid air spindle as recited in claim 3, further comprising a control system (37), wherein a signal input end of the control system (37) is in signal connection with a signal output end of the position sensor (36), and the control system (37) controls a power supply parameter to the coil winding (33) by acquiring an output signal of the position sensor (36).
5. The axial hybrid air spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet (32) and the secondary iron core (35) are both in an annular structure coaxial with the spindle rotor (4), the outer diameter of the secondary iron core (35) is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the permanent magnet (32), and the inner diameter of the secondary iron core (35) is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the permanent magnet (32);
the coil winding (33) and the primary iron core (34) are both cylindrical, and the coil winding (33) comprises a coil cake and an encapsulation layer for encapsulating the coil cake; an annular groove is formed in the inner side of the primary iron core, the end part of the annular groove is located on the inner side of the end part of the primary iron core, and the coil winding (33) is embedded in the annular groove;
along the radial direction of the main shaft rotor (4), the projections of any permanent magnet (32) and any secondary iron core (35) all fall on the coil winding (33).
6. The axial hybrid air spindle as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a bearing assembly (2) fixed to the spindle housing (5), wherein the bearing assembly (2) comprises an annular restrictor (21), the spindle rotor (4) is further provided with a reducing section (22) having a shoulder at each end, the shoulder and the reducing section (22) define an annular groove extending along the circumferential direction of the spindle rotor (4), and the inner side of the restrictor (21) is embedded in the annular groove; orifices are arranged on the upper surface and the end surface of the inner wall surface of the restrictor (21);
in the orifice on the end face of the orifice (21), the orifices of part of or all of the orifices face the shaft shoulder on the side of the end face.
7. The axial hybrid air spindle as claimed in claim 6, further comprising a driving motor (1) for driving the spindle rotor (4) to rotate, and an air supply system (6) for supplying air to the restrictor (21).
8. The axial hybrid air spindle as claimed in claim 7, wherein the air supply system (6) comprises an air compressor (61), an air inlet valve (62), an air storage tank (63), a flow valve (64), a filter (65) and a pressure regulating valve (66) connected in series in the air supply direction for supplying air to the restrictor (21).
9. The axial hybrid air spindle as claimed in claim 7, wherein the driving motor (1) is a servo motor.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116000655A (en) * | 2023-02-03 | 2023-04-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Axial error compensation mechanism for air bearing shaft |
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