CN110820746A

CN110820746A - Intelligent pile hole residue soil suction machine and pile hole residue soil automatic suction method

Info

Publication number: CN110820746A
Application number: CN201911122512.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙志虎; 李伟利; 郭志元; 刘博怀; 薛彦琪; 李征
Original assignee: Xi'an Huachuang Civil Technology Co Ltd; Gansu Zhongjian Municipal Engineering Survey Design And Research Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Huachuang Civil Technology Co Ltd; Gansu Zhongjian Municipal Engineering Survey Design And Research Institute Co Ltd; Gansu CSCEC Municipal Engineering Investigation and Design Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-15
Filing date: 2019-11-15
Publication date: 2020-02-21

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to an intelligent soil suction machine for residual soil in a pile hole and an automatic suction method for the residual soil in the pile hole, wherein the soil suction machine comprises a bottom frame, a fan, a suction separation device, a suction pipe, a suction unit, a controller, a master control platform and an imaging mechanism; the suction unit is arranged at the tail end of the suction pipe, the suction separation device is arranged above the bottom frame, the imaging mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the suction pipe, the suction unit and the imaging mechanism are respectively and electrically connected with the controller, and the controller and the imaging mechanism are respectively and electrically connected with the master control platform or are in wireless communication; the invention solves the problem of difficult cleaning of the residue soil at the bottom of the pile hole, and utilizes the suction unit to carry out rotary cutting, scattering and separation on the large residue soil, and then utilizes the negative pressure suction principle to suck the scattered residue soil into the suction and separation device along with the air flow to complete air and dust separation.

Description

Intelligent pile hole residue soil suction machine and pile hole residue soil automatic suction method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and particularly relates to an intelligent pile hole muck soil suction machine and a pile hole muck automatic suction method.

Background

For large buildings, such as bridges, high buildings and the like, the first task in the construction process is to make pile holes, and then put reinforcement cages in the pile holes, wherein the heights of the reinforcement cages and the depths of the pile holes are in one-to-one correspondence. However, in the field construction process, constructors find that the reinforcement cage is often 2-5 meters higher than the ground level after being placed completely, and cannot be completely placed at the bottom of a pile hole, and a general operation method is to cut off the reinforcement cage higher than the ground level or directly perform construction, so that the real strength of a building cannot reach the design strength really required, and serious safety problems may be caused subsequently.

After field exploration of researchers, the reason that the reinforcement cage cannot be completely transferred to the bottom of the pile hole is found to be that the reinforcement cage can touch the hole wall of the pile hole in the transfer process, soil on the hole wall of the pile hole is knocked down to the bottom of the pile hole, and the soil occupies a certain space at the bottom of the pile hole, so that the reinforcement cage cannot be completely transferred, particularly, in a filled mountain or a soil dune, the soil is loose, and the knocked-down soil is more, so that a soil suction device is needed to be adopted to suck out the residue soil at the bottom of the pile hole, and then the reinforcement cage is transferred. However, because the pile hole is too deep, at present, there is no soil suction machine for sucking soil at the bottom of the pile hole, and only a rotary drilling rig can be used for drilling, but the soil which can be taken out by the rotary drilling rig each time is very little, one day of time is basically needed for drilling the soil in one pile hole, a plurality of pile holes are formed in one construction site, dozens of days or even one month is needed for drilling the soil at the bottom of each pile hole, and the construction progress is seriously influenced. Meanwhile, as the soil quality of each place is different, the soil viscosity and humidity of some places are slightly higher, so that the soil sucked from the bottom of the pile hole is easy to agglomerate in the collecting device or adhere to the inner wall of the collecting device and needs to be manually removed, and the falling speed of the soil is difficult to control when the soil falls from the collecting device to the trolley, so that some trolleys are too full of soil and the soil is scattered; some trolleys are too few, and the working efficiency is low.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem that pile hole muck is difficult to remove in the prior art, the invention provides the intelligent pile hole muck soil suction machine which has the advantages that pile bottom muck is cleaned up, the working efficiency is high, and dust raising is avoided. Meanwhile, the invention also provides a pile hole muck automatic suction method realized by utilizing the pile hole muck soil suction machine.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

an intelligent soil suction machine for dregs in pile holes comprises an underframe 1, a fan 2, a suction separation device 3, a suction pipe 4, a suction unit 5, a controller 9, a master control platform 10 and an imaging mechanism 8;

the underframe 1 is used for providing a mounting platform for the suction separation device 3 and the fan 2;

the suction unit 5 is arranged at the tail end of the suction pipe 4, cuts, breaks up and separates the residue soil in the pile hole, and then enters the suction and separation device 3 along the suction pipe 4;

the suction and separation device 3 is arranged above the underframe 1, the air inlet of the suction and separation device 3 is communicated with the suction pipe 4, and the air outlet is communicated with the fan 2 through a pipeline; the suction separation device 3 comprises a vortex separation cylinder 31 and a residue soil collecting tank 32 extending from top to bottom along the wall of the vortex separation cylinder 31, wherein the residue soil collecting tank 32 protrudes outwards along the wall of the vortex separation cylinder 31, and a notch is opened towards the central shaft 561 of the vortex separation cylinder 31; the muck airflow is sucked by the suction pipe 4 and enters the vortex separation cylinder 31 from the lower part along the tangential direction to form an ascending rotational flow from bottom to top, muck is separated from gas under the action of centrifugal force in the ascending process of high-speed rotational flow, is thrown out from the tangential direction and is collected in the muck collecting tank 32, moves from top to bottom along the muck collecting tank 32 under the action of self weight and tangential impact force, and is discharged from a muck outlet of the vortex separation cylinder 31;

the imaging mechanism 8 is arranged at the tail end of the suction pipe 4 and used for acquiring images of the bottom of the pile hole and transmitting the images to the master control platform 10, and the position of the suction unit 5 is adjusted according to the accumulation condition of the residue soil, so that the suction unit 5 can accurately clean the accumulated residue soil;

the suction unit 5 and the imaging mechanism 8 are respectively and electrically connected with the controller 9, and the controller 9 and the imaging mechanism 8 are respectively and electrically connected with the master control platform 10 or wirelessly communicated with the master control platform.

Further, the suction separation device 3 further comprises a muck collecting cylinder 33 and a discharge valve 34, wherein the muck collecting cylinder 33 is arranged at the bottom of the vortex separation cylinder 31 and is used for collecting muck;

and the discharge valve 34 is arranged at the bottom of the residue soil collecting cylinder 33 and is used for scattering, separating and discharging the residue soil discharged by the residue soil collecting cylinder 33.

Further, the muck collecting tank 32 is communicated with the vortex separation cylinder 31, and the muck moving direction of the muck collecting tank 32 is opposite to the air flow moving direction of the vortex separation cylinder 31; the spiral lead angle of the slag soil collecting groove 32 is 30-70 degrees, and the thread pitch is 2 times of the cylinder height of the vortex separation cylinder 31.

Further, the suction unit 5 comprises a nozzle cylinder 52, a rotary cutting driving mechanism, a rotary cutting transmission part 54 and a serrated knife head 55 arranged at one end of the nozzle cylinder 52; the suction nozzle cylinder 52 is sleeved at the tail end of the suction pipe 4; the rotary cutting driving mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the suction pipe 4; the rotary cutting transmission mechanism is arranged on the suction nozzle cylinder 52, and the rotary cutting driving mechanism is connected with the rotary cutting transmission part 54 to drive the suction nozzle cylinder 52 to rotate, so as to drive the sawtooth cutter head 55 to rotate to cut and break up the muck blocks.

Further defined, the suction unit 5 comprises a nozzle cylinder 52, a rotary cutting driving mechanism and a rotary cutting mechanism 56; the rotary cutting driving mechanism is arranged outside the suction nozzle cylinder 52; the rotary cutting and rotary cutting mechanism 56 is arranged inside the suction nozzle cylinder body 52; the rotary cutting driving mechanism is connected with the rotary cutting mechanism 56 to drive the rotary cutting mechanism 56 to rotate around the axial direction of the rotary cutting mechanism 56; the rotary cutting mechanism 56 comprises a central shaft 561 and rotary cutting blades 562 arranged on the central shaft 561, the rotary cutting mechanism 56 is connected with a power output shaft of the rotary cutting driving mechanism through the central shaft 561, the central shaft 561 is arranged at one end inside the barrel body and connected with the rotary cutting driving mechanism, and the central shaft 561 is distributed along the radial direction of the suction nozzle barrel body 52, so that the rotary cutting blades 562 perform spiral cutting and drainage on different positions of the slag.

Further limiting, the intelligent soil suction machine for the dregs in the pile holes further comprises a pipeline retraction and extension mechanism 6 and a suction moving mechanism 7;

the pipeline retracting and releasing mechanism 6 comprises a rolling shaft 61, a winding drum 62 and a lifting bracket 63; the two ends of the roller 61 are erected on the lifting support 63, and the height is adjusted through the lifting support 63; the winding drum 62 is sleeved outside the roller 61 by taking the roller 61 as a central shaft 561, one end of the suction pipe 4 is communicated with an air inlet of the suction and separation device 3, and the other end of the suction pipe is wound on the winding drum 62 and is wound and unwound by the winding drum 62; the height of the winding drum 62 is adjusted to keep the angle of horizontal or upward inclination with the end connected with the suction and separation device 3 not more than 10 degrees;

a suction moving mechanism 7 including a fixed frame 71, a pulley 72, and at least two pulling ropes 73; the pulleys 72 are fixed on the fixing frame 71, the pulling ropes 73 are respectively connected with the suction unit 5 by passing around the pulleys 72, the free end of any one of the pulling ropes 73 applies pulling force to the nozzle cylinder 52 of the suction unit 5 by pulling, and the other pulling ropes 73 are in a free state, so that the nozzle cylinder 52 of the suction unit 5 is pulled and moved.

Further, the imaging mechanism 8 comprises a base 81, a camera 82, an inductive sensor 83, an imaging driving mechanism 84, an imaging transmission mechanism 85, a cleaning mechanism 86 and an imaging bracket 87;

a base 81 fitted over the suction unit 5; it comprises a housing and a fixed seat; the cover shell is connected below the fixed seat;

the camera 82 is fixed in the housing of the base 81 and used for collecting images and uploading the images to the master control platform 10;

an imaging support 87 fixed to the base 81 and opposed to the housing of the base 81;

a cleaning mechanism 86 which is provided on the imaging holder 87 and contacts with the outer surface of the housing of the base 81 to clean the outer surface of the housing of the base 81;

an inductive sensor 83 disposed on the imaging support 87, sensing the position of the cleaning mechanism 86, and transmitting a sensing signal to the controller 9;

the imaging driving mechanism 84 is fixed on the base 81 and electrically connected with the controller 9, the power output end of the imaging driving mechanism is connected with the imaging transmission mechanism 85, the controller 9 sends a starting command, the imaging driving mechanism 84 provides power, the power is transmitted to the cleaning mechanism 86 through the imaging transmission mechanism 85, the cleaning mechanism 86 is driven to rotate around the surface of the housing of the base 81, and cleaning work is completed.

Further defined, the sweeping mechanism 86 includes an arc-shaped holder and a brush disposed on an inner surface of the arc-shaped holder; the arc-shaped support is connected with the imaging transmission mechanism 85 and is arranged on the outer side of the housing of the base 81, and the structure of the arc-shaped support is matched with the surface of the housing of the base 81; the brush is in contact with the outer surface of the housing of the base 81 to clean the surface of the housing of the base 81.

An automatic pumping method for pile hole muck comprises the following steps:

(1) extending the suction unit 5 of claim 1 into the bottom of the pile hole to make the suction unit 5 contact with the residue soil at the bottom of the pile hole, starting the blower 2, and maintaining the suction separation device 3 and the suction pipe 4 in a negative pressure state;

(2) the imaging mechanism 8 collects images of the bottom of the pile hole and uploads the images to the master control platform 10, the condition of the residue soil at the bottom of the pile hole is observed through the images, and the position of the suction unit 5 is adjusted according to the accumulation condition of the residue soil, so that the suction unit 5 can accurately clean the accumulated residue soil;

(3) the suction unit 5 is used for performing rotary cutting or radial rotary cutting and scattering on the dregs and soil blocks, meanwhile, the scattered dregs generate vortex along the tangential direction of the cylinder wall of the suction unit 5, and in the centrifugal motion process, the vortex effect is coupled and superposed with the negative pressure suction effect inside the suction pipe 4, so that the suction efficiency is enhanced, and the dregs and soil smoothly enter the suction pipe 4;

(4) the slag soil air flow is sucked by the suction pipe 4 and enters the vortex separation cylinder 31 of the suction separation device 3 from the lower part along the tangential direction to form an ascending rotational flow from bottom to top, the slag soil is separated from air under the action of centrifugal force in the ascending process of high-speed rotational flow and is thrown out from the tangential direction and collected in the slag soil collecting tank 32, spirally winds from top to bottom along the slag soil collecting tank 32 under the action of self weight and tangential impact force, is discharged from a slag soil outlet of the vortex separation cylinder 31, is sucked from the top of the vortex separation cylinder 31 and then is emptied, and the slag soil suction at the bottom of the pile is completed.

Further limiting, the step (1) is specifically as follows:

(1.1) adjusting the height of the winding drum 62 by adjusting a lifting support 63 of the height-adjusting pipeline retraction mechanism 6 until the angle of the end connected with the suction separation device 3, which is kept horizontal or inclined upwards, is not more than 10 degrees, rotating the winding drum 62 to retract the suction pipe 4, and enabling the suction unit 5 to extend into the bottom of the pile hole;

(1.2) applying a pulling force to the nozzle cylinder 52 of the suction unit 5 by pulling the free end of any one pulling rope 73 of the suction moving mechanism 7, and enabling the remaining pulling ropes 73 to be in a free state, so that the nozzle cylinder 52 of the suction unit 5 is pulled and moved to be in contact with the residual soil;

(1.3) starting the fan 2 to keep the suction and separation device 3 and the suction pipe 4 in a negative pressure state.

Further limiting, the step (2) is specifically as follows:

(2.1 the inductive sensor 83 detects the position of the cleaning mechanism 86 on the housing of the base 81, and feeds back the position to the controller 9 in real time, the controller 9 sends a control instruction to the imaging driving mechanism 84 and the camera 82 according to the position signal of the cleaning mechanism 86, controls the cleaning speed and the rotation amplitude of the cleaning mechanism 86 and the image acquisition frequency of the imaging mechanism 8, and when the cleaning mechanism 86 finishes one cleaning operation, the camera 82 acquires one image, so that the cleaning operation and the image acquisition operation are alternately finished;

(2.2) the camera 82 collects the soil surface image at the bottom of the pile hole and then transmits the image to the master control platform 10, the master control platform 10 displays and observes, and if the position of the suction unit 5 is not provided with muck or soil blocks, the position of the suction unit 5 is adjusted by pulling the suction moving mechanism 7; if the position opposite to the suction unit 5 is provided with the muck or the soil block, performing the step (3);

further limiting, the step (3) is specifically: the rotary cutting driving mechanism is started to drive the central shaft 561 to rotate around the axial direction of the central shaft, the residue soil is linearly cut, the rotary cutting blades 562 perform spiral line cutting and drainage on different positions of the residue soil, the cut residue soil at different point positions is drained to the wall of the barrel body, the center of the barrel body becomes a low-pressure area and is coupled with the suction negative pressure response in the barrel body, a vortex is formed in the barrel body and rises along the vortex of the inner wall of the barrel body, a gap is reserved between the barrel body and the soil body due to the inclined opening of the barrel body, the negative pressure suction effect is strengthened, and the residue soil is smoothly sucked away along.

Further limiting, the step (3) is specifically: the rotary-cut driving mechanism is driven to drive the scattering cylinder body to rotate circumferentially through the rotary-cut transmission component 54, the scattering cylinder body rapidly makes circular motion, the sawtooth cutter head 55 on the scattering cylinder body continuously rotates to carry out rotary cutting and scattering on the residue soil block contacted with the tail end of the suction pipe 4, the scattered residue soil continuously rotates in the scattering cylinder body to generate centrifugal motion and form upward vortex, and the vortex central area is coupled with the suction effect of the central low-pressure area in the suction pipe 4, so that the residue soil is smoothly sucked away along the suction pipe 4.

Further limiting, the step (4) is specifically as follows:

(4.1) the muck tangentially enters the inner cavity of the vortex separation cylinder 31 along the wall of the vortex separation cylinder 31, the muck with larger particle size directly falls into the muck collection cylinder 33 under the action of gravity, and the muck with smaller particle size performs vortex motion from bottom to top in the vortex separation cylinder 31 along with vortex airflow;

(4.2) in the process of the vortex motion from bottom to top, along with the gradual reduction of the inner diameter of the conical vortex separation cylinder 31, the muck with smaller particle size is separated from the gas under the action of centrifugal force along with the high-speed rotating gas flow, thrown into the muck collecting tank 32, and then spirally detours from top to bottom along the spiral channel of the muck collecting tank 32 under the action of self gravity and tangential impact force, slides down and enters the muck collecting cylinder 33.

(4.3) the dregs discharged from the vortex separation cylinder 31 enter the dregs collection cylinder 33 and are discharged from top to bottom along the funnel-shaped inner wall of the dregs collection cylinder 33;

(4.4) the dregs enter the discharge valve 34 from the direction perpendicular to the rotation center of the discharge valve 34, fall on the rotating blade 344, rotate and disperse along with the rotating blade 344 of the discharge valve 34, and are discharged when the rotating blade 344 rotates to the bottom of the discharge valve 34 and passes through the outlet of the valve body 341, thereby completing the absorption and separation of the dregs.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the invention provides a concept of absorbing soil by using pile hole residue soil for the first time, solves the problem of difficult cleaning of the residue soil at the bottom of a pile hole in the prior art, utilizes a suction unit 5 to carry out rotary cutting, scattering and separation on large pieces of residue soil, and then utilizes a negative pressure suction principle to suck the scattered residue soil into a suction separation device 3 along with air flow entering a suction pipe 4 to complete air and dust separation.

2. According to the invention, the conical vortex separation cylinder 31 is matched with the spiral residue soil collection cylinder 33, so that residue soil enters the conical vortex separation cylinder 31 along with airflow and performs vortex motion from bottom to top, the residue soil is separated from the gas along with the airflow rotating at a high speed under the action of centrifugal force, and is thrown into the residue soil collection tank 32, and then spirally detours from top to bottom along the spiral channel of the residue soil collection tank 32 under the action of self gravity and tangential impact force, so that the residue soil separation effect is good, dust accumulation is avoided, the stable process operation is ensured, the energy consumption is reduced, and the dust pollution is effectively avoided.

3. The length and the inclination angle of the suction pipe 4 are adaptively adjusted by the suction pipe 4 of the invention by utilizing the pipeline retraction mechanism 6, thus ensuring smooth airflow in the suction pipe 4, effectively avoiding soil collection or bending or dead angles in the suction pipe 4, protecting the service life of the suction pipe 4 and greatly improving the suction efficiency.

4. The suction unit 5 of the invention can be pulled and adjusted in the pile hole through the suction moving mechanism 7, thereby ensuring good rotary cutting effect and accurate suction position.

5. The pile hole muck soil suction machine has the advantages of simple structural design, low energy consumption and good suction effect, avoids manual soil shoveling, saves the labor cost, improves the safety of removing muck, greatly improves the construction efficiency, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and use.

6. The invention is uniformly managed by the master control platform 10, realizes automatic and intelligent control, saves manpower, improves efficiency, automatically images through the imaging mechanism 8 and cleans the camera 82, ensures the definition and accuracy of the acquired image, is convenient for mastering the condition of the bottom of the pile hole in real time, can ensure accurate rotary cutting and suction of the suction unit, and greatly improves working efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the pile hole muck soil suction machine of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a rear structural view of the pile hole muck suction machine of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the chassis 11 in fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the suction separator 3 in fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the discharge valve 34 of fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the discharge valve 34.

Fig. 7 and 8 are schematic structural views of the suction unit 5 in fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the cable picking and laying mechanism 6 in fig. 1.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the suction moving mechanism 7 in fig. 1.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the imaging mechanism 8.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the suction unit 5.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the rotary cutting mechanism 56 in fig. 12.

In the figure, 1-a chassis, 11-a frame body, 12-a travelling wheel, 13-a locking mechanism, 2-a fan, 3-a suction and separation device 3, 31-a vortex separation cylinder, 32-a muck collecting tank, 33-a muck collecting cylinder, 34-a discharge valve, 341-a valve body, 342-a rotating shaft, 343-a discharge driving motor, 344-a rotating blade, 4-a suction pipe, 5-a suction unit, 51-a fixed lantern ring, 52-a suction nozzle cylinder body, 53-a rotary cutting motor, 54-a transmission part, 55-a sawtooth cutter head, 56-a rotary cutting mechanism, 561-a central shaft, 562-a rotary cutting blade, 563-a limiting block, 6-a pipeline collecting and releasing mechanism, 61-a rolling shaft, 62-a winding cylinder, 63-a lifting bracket and 7-a suction and moving mechanism, 71-a fixed frame, 72-a pulley, 73-a pulling rope, 8-an imaging mechanism, 81-a base, 82-a camera, 83-an inductive sensor, 84-an imaging driving mechanism, 85-an imaging transmission mechanism, 86-a cleaning mechanism, 87-an imaging bracket, 9-a controller and 10-a master control platform.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following implementation cases.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the pile hole muck soil suction machine of the present embodiment includes an underframe 1, a fan 2, a suction separation device 3, a suction pipe 4, a suction unit 5, a pipeline retraction mechanism 6, a suction moving mechanism 7, a controller 9, a general control platform 10, and an imaging mechanism 8; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the underframe 1 is used for providing a mounting platform for the suction separation device 3 and the fan 2; as shown in fig. 3, the chassis 1 includes a frame 11, four traveling wheels 12 and a locking mechanism 13, the four traveling wheels 12 are mounted at four corners of the bottom of the frame 11 to drive the frame 11 to slide, the locking mechanism 13 is mounted at the position where the traveling wheels 12 are mounted on the frame 11, and the traveling wheels 12 are locked and fixed by the locking mechanism 13. The support body 11 is the scalable support body 11 of compriseing crossbeam, longeron and supporting leg, and crossbeam, longeron and supporting leg all are extending structure promptly, can be according to the size of actual place adjustment support body 11.

And the fan 2 adopts an air suction fan 2, and the power of the air suction fan can be adjusted according to the suction power requirement required by the depth of the pile hole. The fan 2 is fixed in one book of chassis 1, provides power for the suction.

The suction separator 3 is disposed above the base frame 1 on the side of the fan 2. Referring to fig. 4, the suction separation device 3 includes a vortex separation cylinder 31, a muck collecting tank 32, a muck collecting cylinder 33 and a discharge valve 34, the vortex separation cylinder 31 is a conical cylinder structure with a cone angle of 60 ° and a height of 2m, and the cone angle can be selected within a range of 40-75 °. An air inlet is tangentially arranged on the lower side wall of the vortex separation cylinder 31, an air outlet is arranged at the top of the vortex separation cylinder, the air outlet is connected with the fan 2 through a pipeline, and the bottom of the vortex separation cylinder 315 is open and connected with the muck collection cylinder 33. The muck collecting groove 32 protrudes outwards along the wall of the vortex separation cylinder 31, and the notch of the muck collecting groove is opened towards the central axis of the vortex separation cylinder 31 and spirally winds from top to bottom along the wall of the vortex separation cylinder 31. The dregs collecting groove 32 is communicated with the inner cavity of the vortex separation barrel 31, the dregs moving direction of the dregs collecting groove 32 is opposite to the air flow moving direction of the inner cavity of the vortex separation barrel 31, the helix angle of the dregs collecting groove 32 is 45 degrees, and the thread pitch is 4 m. The muck collecting barrel 33 is of a funnel structure, is arranged at the bottom of the vortex separation barrel 31 and is communicated with the opening at the bottom of the vortex separation barrel 31, and is used for collecting muck separated from the vortex separation barrel 31. The bottom outlet of the residue soil collecting cylinder 33 is connected with a discharge valve 34, and the separated residue soil is scattered, separated and discharged through the discharge valve 34. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the discharge valve 34 of the present embodiment is fixed on the bottom frame 1, and comprises a valve body 341, a rotating shaft 342, a discharge driving motor 343, and a rotating blade 344, wherein the top of the valve body 341 is provided with an inlet of the valve body 341, the bottom of the valve body 341 is provided with an outlet of the valve body 341, the rotating blade 344 is provided in an inner cavity of the valve body 341, the rotating blade 344 is 6 rectangular plates and uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 342, and all rotate with the rotating shaft 342 as a central axis 561, the rotating shaft 342 is horizontally arranged and connected to an output shaft of the discharge driving motor 343 through a bearing, and the rotating shaft 342 is perpendicular to the feeding direction of the inlet of the valve body 341, the discharge driving motor 343 drives the rotating shaft 342 to rotate to drive the rotating blade 344 to rotate, so as to uniformly disperse. The muck airflow is sucked by the suction pipe 4 and enters the vortex separation cylinder 31 from the lower part along the tangential direction to form ascending rotational flow from bottom to top, muck is separated from gas under the action of centrifugal force in the ascending process of high-speed rotational flow, is thrown out from the tangential direction and is collected in the muck collecting tank 32, spirally winds from top to bottom along the muck collecting tank 32 under the action of self weight and tangential impact force, one part of muck separated from the vortex separation cylinder 31 directly enters the muck collecting cylinder 33, the other part of muck is collected in the muck collecting tank 32 and then enters the muck collecting tank 33, then vertically enters the valve body 341 inlet of the discharge valve 34 under the condition of self weight, falls on the rotating blades 344, and is discharged from the valve body 341 outlet at the bottom of the valve body 341 along with the rotation of the rotating blades 344.

Further, a vibration hammer may be further disposed inside the residue collecting barrel 33, and the vibration hammer is connected to the inner sidewall of the residue collecting barrel 33 through a driving member of the vibration hammer.

Further, a soil collecting vehicle can be directly placed below the outlet of the valve body 341 of the discharge valve 34, separated muck is collected into the soil collecting vehicle, and the muck is directly pushed away when the collected muck is full, so that the transportation is convenient.

The suction pipe 4 is made of a plastic hose, generally 50-100 m, one end of the suction pipe is communicated with an air inlet on the lower side wall of the vortex separation cylinder 31, the other free end of the suction pipe is communicated with the suction unit 5, the free end of the suction pipe 4 is processed into an inclined end face with an inclined angle of 15-45 degrees, preferably 30 degrees, so that a gap is reserved when the tail end of the suction pipe 4 is in contact with a soil body, and a negative pressure suction effect is guaranteed.

The suction unit 5, see fig. 7 and 8, includes a fixing collar 51, a nozzle cylinder 52, a rotary cutting motor 53, a rotary cutting transmission member 54, and a serrated bit 55 disposed at one end of the nozzle cylinder 52; the fixed lantern ring 51 suit is in the free end outside of straw 4, and the free end pipe wall fixed connection of fixed lantern ring 51 and straw 4, can prevent effectively that nozzle barrel 52 from upwards sliding at the rotation in-process, nozzle barrel 52 is hollow barrel, the suit is in the free end outside of straw 4 and is located the below of fixed lantern ring 51, lower port department at nozzle barrel 52 sets up sawtooth tool bit 55, sawtooth tool bit 55 aligns with the free end of straw 4, the rotation is rotated to the cutting to the dregs piece in the straw 4 outside, break up. The rotary cutting motor 53 is used as a driving part and is arranged on the outer wall of the suction pipe 4; the transmission mechanism is composed of a first gear and a second gear which are meshed with each other, the first gear 3 is sleeved on the suction nozzle cylinder 52, the second gear 4 is connected with a rotating shaft of the rotary cutting motor 53, the first gear 3 and the second gear 4 are meshed with each other, when the rotary cutting motor 53 is used for driving the second gear 4 to drive the first gear 3 to rotate, and then the suction nozzle cylinder 52 is driven to do circular motion, so that the residue soil blocks are subjected to circular rotary cutting and scattering.

The pipeline retraction mechanism 6, see fig. 9, is fixed on one side of the chassis 1 and is dedicated to retraction and support of the suction pipe 4. It comprises a roller 61, a winding drum 62 and a lifting bracket 63; the two ends of the roller 61 are erected on the lifting support 63, and the height is adjusted through the lifting support 63; the winding drum 62 is sleeved outside the roller 61 by taking the roller 61 as a center, one end of the suction pipe 4 is communicated with the air inlet of the suction and separation device 3, and the other end of the suction pipe is wound on the winding drum 62 and is wound and unwound by the winding drum 62; the height of the winding drum 62 is adjusted to be not more than 10 degrees, and the angle of the horizontal or upward inclination of one end connected with the suction and separation device 3 is kept to be not more than 10 degrees, so that the suction pipe 4 is ensured to be in an arc shape and excessively extend into a pile hole, and the suction pipe 4 is prevented from bending to cause dead angles. The winding cylinder 62 of this embodiment is provided with retaining rings having a diameter larger than that of the central winding cylinder at both ends of the central winding cylinder, so as to prevent the straw 4 from sliding out toward both ends in the process of winding and unwinding, thereby ensuring the effect of winding and unwinding the straw 4.

And the suction moving mechanism 7 is fixed on the pile hole and used for pulling the suction unit 5 and adjusting the position of the suction unit 5 in the pile hole. Referring to fig. 10, it includes a fixed frame 71 and a

pulley

72 and 3 pulling ropes 73; the number of the pulling ropes 73 is at least 2, and is adjusted according to the size and length of the suction pipe 4. The pulleys 72 are fixed on the fixing frame 71, the fixing frame 71 is a tripod with a top end in a circular ring structure, the tripod is a telescopic and foldable tripod, three pulleys 72 are fixedly mounted on a circular ring at the top of the fixing frame 71, one end of each pulling rope 73 is on the ground and can be pulled, the other end of each pulling rope 73 is connected with the fixed lantern ring 51 of the suction unit 5 by bypassing the pulley 72, the free end of any pulling rope 73 can be pulled to apply a pulling force to the suction nozzle cylinder 52 of the suction unit 5, and the other pulling ropes 73 are in a free state, so that the suction nozzle cylinder 52 of the suction unit 5 is pulled to move, and further the position of the suction unit 5 in a pile hole and the rotary cutting position are adjusted.

The imaging mechanism 8 is arranged at the tail end of the suction pipe 4 and used for acquiring images of the bottom of the pile hole and transmitting the images to the master control platform 10, and the position of the suction unit 5 is adjusted according to the accumulation condition of the residue soil, so that the suction unit 5 can accurately clean the accumulated residue soil; referring to fig. 11, the device specifically includes a base 81, a camera 82, an inductive sensor 83, an imaging driving mechanism 84, an imaging transmission mechanism 85, a cleaning mechanism 86, and an imaging bracket 87; the base 81 is sleeved above the suction unit 5 at the tail end of the suction pipe, the base 81 comprises a fixed base and a housing, in order to meet the shooting wide angle of the camera 82, the housing is made into a semi-spherical shell structure, an imaging driving mechanism 84 is fixed on the base 81, and the camera 82 is fixed in the housing and protected by a housing shield. The camera 82 is used for collecting images and uploading the images to the master control platform 10, the camera 82 is a night light camera, and a lens of the camera is hemispherical; an imaging support 87 fixed to the base 81 and opposed to the housing of the base 81; a cleaning mechanism 86 which is provided on the imaging holder 87 and contacts with the outer surface of the housing of the base 81 to clean the outer surface of the housing of the base 81; the sweeping mechanism 86 includes an arc-shaped holder and a brush disposed on an inner surface of the arc-shaped holder; the arc-shaped support is connected with the imaging transmission mechanism 85 and is arranged on the outer side of the housing of the base 81, the structure of the arc-shaped support is matched with the surface of the housing of the base 81, and the center point of the arc-shaped support is coincided with the center of the housing of the base 81; the brush is in contact with the outer surface of the housing of the base 81 to clean the housing surface of the base 81. The inductive sensor 83 is arranged on the imaging bracket 87 and used for sensing the position of the cleaning mechanism 86 and transmitting a sensing signal to the controller 9, and a trigger sensor or a linear sensor can be specifically adopted; imaging drive mechanism 84 fixes on base 81, is connected with controller 9 electricity, specifically adopts step motor 4, and its power take off end is connected with imaging drive mechanism 85, sends the start command by controller 9, and imaging drive mechanism 84 provides power, passes through imaging drive mechanism 85 and transmits for cleaning mechanism 86, drives and cleans mechanism 86 and is rotary motion round the housing surface of base 81, accomplishes and cleans the work. The imaging transmission mechanism 85 is a hinge transmission mechanism or a link transmission mechanism, and outputs the circular motion of the imaging driving mechanism 84 after 3 times of 90-degree reversing, so that the arc-shaped imaging bracket 87 rotates around the central axis of the housing on the surface of the housing of the base 81 to complete cleaning. Specifically, the imaging transmission mechanism 85 adopts a flexible shaft transmission mode, and specifically comprises a steel wire rope and a rotating shaft, the steel wire rope is arranged along the inside of the bracket, one end of the steel wire rope is wound on the output shaft of the imaging driving mechanism 84 and does circular motion along with the output shaft of the imaging driving mechanism 84, and the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with the arc-shaped imaging bracket 87 through the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the imaging bracket 87 through a connecting block. The imaging driving motor is fixed on the base 81, and the camera 82 is fixed in the inner cavity of the housing of the base 81; the horizontal pole stiff end of formation of image support 87 is fixed on base 81, is provided with the through-hole on the steel pipe wall of the horizontal pole of formation of image support 87, and the inside wire rope that sets up of steel pipe of formation of image support 87, wire rope be flexible wire rope, can avoid wire rope to take place tensile or deformation at the transmission in-process. One end of the steel wire rope is connected with a rotating shaft of the imaging driving motor through a through hole, the other end of the steel wire rope is connected with the arc-shaped imaging bracket 87 through the rotating shaft at the free end of the bracket, and the rotating shaft is fixed through a connecting block; the inner surface of the arc-shaped imaging bracket 87 is arranged on the surface of the cover, and the brush is contacted with the surface of the cover; the radian of the hemispherical surface of the housing is matched with the radian of the inner surface of the arc-shaped imaging support 87, the imaging driving motor drives the steel wire rope and the arc-shaped imaging support 87 to rotate around the hemispherical surface of the housing, the brush on the inner surface of the arc-shaped imaging support 87 cleans the hemispherical surface of the housing, and the whole cleaning process can be automatically carried out.

The suction unit and the imaging mechanism 8 of the present embodiment are respectively electrically connected to the controller 9 to receive a control command of the controller 9, and the controller 9 and the imaging mechanism 8 are respectively electrically connected to the master control platform 10 or wirelessly communicated with the master control platform 10, and are managed and controlled by the master control platform 10.

The suction of the muck in the pile hole is finished by using the muck suction machine for the pile hole, and the concrete method comprises the following steps:

(1) extending the suction unit 5 of claim 1 into the bottom of the pile hole to make the suction unit 5 contact with the residue soil at the bottom of the pile hole, starting the blower 2, and maintaining the suction separation device 3 and the suction pipe 4 in a negative pressure state; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

(2) The imaging mechanism 8 collects images of the bottom of the pile hole and uploads the images to the master control platform 10, the condition of the residue soil at the bottom of the pile hole is observed through the images, and the position of the suction unit 5 is adjusted according to the accumulation condition of the residue soil, so that the suction unit 5 can accurately clean the accumulated residue soil; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

(2.1) the induction type sensor 83 detects the position of the cleaning mechanism 86 on the outer side of the housing and feeds back the position to the controller 9 in real time, the controller 9 sends a control instruction to the imaging driving mechanism 84 and the camera 82 according to a position signal of the cleaning mechanism 86, the cleaning speed and the rotation amplitude of the cleaning mechanism 86 and the image acquisition frequency of the imaging mechanism 8 are controlled, and when the cleaning mechanism 86 finishes one cleaning work, the camera 82 acquires one image, so that the cleaning work and the image acquisition work are alternately finished;

(3) the rotary cutting motor 53 is driven to drive the second gear to rotate, the first gear meshed with the second gear rotates along with the second gear to drive the scattering cylinder to rotate circumferentially, the scattering cylinder moves circularly fast, the sawtooth cutter head 55 on the scattering cylinder rotates continuously to cut and scatter the residue soil blocks contacted with the tail end of the suction pipe 4, the scattered residue soil rotates continuously in the scattering cylinder to generate centrifugal motion and form upward vortex, and the vortex central area is coupled with the suction effect of the central low-pressure area in the suction pipe 4 to ensure that the residue soil is sucked away along the suction pipe 4 smoothly.

(4) The slag soil airflow is sucked by the suction pipe 4 and enters the vortex separation cylinder 31 of the suction separation device 3 from the lower part along the tangential direction to form an ascending rotational flow from bottom to top, the slag soil is separated from the gas under the action of centrifugal force in the ascending process of high-speed rotational flow and is thrown out from the tangential direction and collected in the slag soil collecting tank 32, spirally winds from top to bottom along the slag soil collecting tank 32 under the action of self weight and tangential impact force and is discharged from a slag soil outlet of the vortex separation cylinder 31, and the airflow is sucked from the top of the vortex separation cylinder 31 and then is emptied to finish the suction of the slag soil at the bottom of the pile; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

Example 2

The difference between the structure of the pile hole muck soil suction machine of the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that:

the vortex separation cylinder 31 of the suction separation device 3 is a conical cylinder structure with a cone angle of 45 degrees and a height of 3 m; the dregs collecting groove 32 is communicated with the inner cavity of the vortex separation barrel 31, the dregs moving direction of the dregs collecting groove 32 is opposite to the air flow moving direction of the inner cavity of the vortex separation barrel 31, the helix angle of the dregs collecting groove 32 is 30 degrees, and the thread pitch is 6 m. The discharge valve 34 of this embodiment is fixed on chassis 1, be provided with 5 rotating vane 344 in the inner chamber of valve body 341, rotating vane 344 is rectangular board and along the radial evenly distributed of axis of rotation 342, all use axis of rotation 342 to rotate as center pin 561, axis of rotation 342 level sets up, connect on the output shaft of unloading driving motor 343 through the bearing, and axis of rotation 342 is perpendicular with the feed direction of valve body 341 entry, the driving shaft 342 rotation of unloading driving motor 343 drive, it rotates to drive rotating vane 344.

The suction unit 5, as shown in fig. 12, includes a nozzle cylinder 52, a rotary cutting motor 53, and a rotary cutting mechanism 56; the rotary cutting motor 53 is fixed outside the suction nozzle cylinder 52; the suction nozzle cylinder 52 is a cylindrical structure coaxial with the suction pipe 4, and is fixed to the lower end of the suction pipe 4, and a plurality of fixing blocks are fixed to the outer wall of the suction nozzle cylinder 52. The lower port of the suction nozzle cylinder 52 is an inclined port, the inclined angle is 30-60 degrees, the rotary cutting mechanism 562 is arranged inside the suction nozzle cylinder 52, and the driving motor is connected with the rotary cutting mechanism 562 and drives the rotary cutting mechanism 562 to rotate axially. Referring to fig. 13, the rotary cutting mechanism 562 includes a central shaft 561, and a rotary cutting blade 562 and a stopper 563 disposed on the central shaft 561; the central shaft 561 is connected with the power output shaft of the driving mechanism, the central shaft 561 is horizontally arranged inside the nozzle cylinder 52 and distributed along the radial direction of the nozzle cylinder 52; the rotary-cut blade 562 is arranged at the oblique port of the suction nozzle cylinder body 52 and consists of a plurality of rotary-cut blades 562 which are distributed in a spiral line mode; the cutter heads of the rotary cutter blades 562 are connected into a spiral line, and the helix angle of the formed spiral line is 20 degrees; the pitch is 150mm, and the helix angle can be adjusted within the range of 15-45 degrees; the pitch can be adjusted within the range of 50-320 mm. The rotary cutting blade 562 is in an S-shaped curved structure, and the width of the rotary cutting blade 562 gradually decreases from the middle to the two ends, i.e., the rotary cutting blade 562 gradually decreases from the connection with the central shaft 561 to the two ends. The number of the rotary-cut blades 562 is 9, and a limiting block 563 is further arranged between two adjacent rotary-cut blades 562, so that the rotary-cut blades 562 are prevented from swinging on the central shaft 561 in the rotary-cut motion process. The rotary cutting motor 53 drives the central shaft 561 to rotate along the radial direction of the suction nozzle cylinder 52, so that the rotary cutting blades 562 perform spiral line cutting and drainage on different positions of the dregs, the dregs cut at different points are drained to the wall of the suction nozzle cylinder 52, the center of the suction nozzle cylinder 52 becomes a low-pressure area, the low-pressure area is superposed with the negative pressure suction effect in the suction pipe 4, and a vortex is formed in the suction nozzle cylinder 52 and rises along the inner wall of the suction nozzle cylinder 52 in a vortex manner to be sucked away.

The number of the pulling ropes 73 of the suction moving mechanism 7 is 4, and one end of each pulling rope 73 is on the ground and can be pulled; the other end of the traction rope passes through the pulley 72 to be connected with a fixed block of the suction unit 5, the free end of any one of the traction ropes 73 can be pulled to apply traction to the suction nozzle cylinder 52 of the suction unit 5, and the rest of the traction ropes 73 are in a free state, so that the suction nozzle cylinder 52 of the suction unit 5 is pulled to move, and the position of the suction unit 5 in the pile hole and the rotary cutting position are adjusted.

The imaging mechanism 8 is arranged at the tail end of the suction pipe 4 and used for acquiring images of the bottom of the pile hole and transmitting the images to the master control platform 10, and the position of the suction unit 5 is adjusted according to the accumulation condition of the residue soil, so that the suction unit 5 can accurately clean the accumulated residue soil; the device specifically comprises a base 81, a camera 82, an inductive sensor 83, an imaging driving mechanism 84, an imaging transmission mechanism 85, a cleaning mechanism 86 and an imaging bracket 87; the base 81 suit is in the top of the terminal suction unit 5 of straw, and this base 81 includes fixing base and housing, and the fixing base is laminated with the terminal outer wall of straw 4, and in order to satisfy the shooting wide angle of camera 82, this housing is made half round spherical shell structure formation of image actuating mechanism 84 and is fixed on base 81, and camera 82 fixes in the housing, protects with the housing guard shield. The camera 82 is used for collecting images and uploading the images to the master control platform 10, the camera 82 is a wide-angle night light camera, and a lens of the camera is hemispherical; an imaging support 87 fixed to the base 81 and opposed to the housing of the base 81; a cleaning mechanism 86 which is provided on the imaging holder 87 and contacts with the outer surface of the housing of the base 81 to clean the outer surface of the housing of the base 81; the sweeping mechanism 86 includes an arc-shaped holder and a brush disposed on an inner surface of the arc-shaped holder; the arc-shaped support is connected with the imaging transmission mechanism 85 and is arranged on the outer side of the housing of the base 81, the structure of the arc-shaped support is matched with the surface of the housing of the base 81, and the center point of the arc-shaped support is coincided with the center of the housing of the base 81; the brush is in contact with the outer surface of the housing of the base 81 to clean the housing surface of the base 81. The inductive sensor 83 is arranged on the imaging bracket 87, specifically adopts a concentration sensor and is used for sensing the concentration of surrounding dust and transmitting a sensing signal to the controller 9; imaging drive mechanism 84 fixes on base 81, is connected with controller 9 electricity, specifically adopts step motor 4, and its power take off end is connected with imaging drive mechanism 85, sends the start command by controller 9, and imaging drive mechanism 84 provides power, passes through imaging drive mechanism 85 and transmits for cleaning mechanism 86, drives and cleans mechanism 86 and is rotary motion round the housing surface of base 81, accomplishes and cleans the work. The imaging transmission mechanism 85 is a hinge transmission mechanism or a link transmission mechanism, and outputs the circular motion of the imaging driving mechanism 84 after 3 times of 90-degree reversing, so that the arc-shaped imaging bracket 87 rotates around the central axis of the housing on the surface of the housing of the base 81 to complete cleaning. Specifically, the imaging transmission mechanism 85 adopts a flexible shaft transmission mode or a transmission mechanism formed by transmission of a transmission shaft and a reversing gear set, and can transmit the power of the imaging driving mechanism 84 to the arc-shaped imaging bracket 87 to drive the arc-shaped imaging bracket 87 to rotate, namely, the imaging driving motor drives the steel wire rope and the arc-shaped imaging bracket 87 to rotate around the hemispherical surface of the housing, the brush on the inner surface of the arc-shaped imaging bracket 87 cleans the hemispherical surface of the housing, and the whole cleaning process can be automatically carried out. Other components and their connection relationship are the same as those in embodiment 1.

The suction of the muck in the pile hole is completed by using the muck suction machine for the pile hole of the embodiment, and the specific method comprises the following steps:

(1) the suction unit 5 is extended into the bottom of the pile hole, so that the suction unit 5 is contacted with the residual soil at the bottom of the pile hole, the fan 2 is started, and the suction separation device 3 and the suction pipe 4 are kept in a negative pressure state; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

(2.1) the concentration sensor detects the dust concentration near the cleaning mechanism 86 and feeds the dust concentration back to the controller 9 in real time, the controller 9 sends a control instruction to the imaging driving mechanism 84 and the camera 82 according to a position signal of the cleaning mechanism 86, the cleaning speed and the rotation amplitude of the cleaning mechanism 86 and the image acquisition frequency of the imaging mechanism 8 are controlled, and when the cleaning mechanism 86 finishes one cleaning work, the camera 82 acquires one image, so that the cleaning work and the image acquisition work are alternately finished;

(3) the driving motor is started to drive the central shaft 561 to rotate around the axial direction of the central shaft, the muck is linearly cut, the rotary cutting blade 562 performs spiral line cutting and drainage on different positions of the muck, the cut muck at different points is guided to the wall of the barrel, the center of the barrel becomes a low-pressure area and is coupled with the suction negative pressure response in the barrel, a vortex is formed in the barrel and rises along the vortex of the inner wall of the barrel, a gap is reserved between the barrel and the soil body through the inclined port of the barrel, the negative pressure suction effect is strengthened, and the muck is smoothly sucked away along the suction pipe 4; the method specifically comprises the following steps:

(4.4) the dregs enter the discharge valve 34 from the direction perpendicular to the rotation center of the discharge valve 34, fall on the rotating blade 344, rotate and disperse along with the rotating blade 344 of the discharge valve 34, and are discharged when the rotating blade 344 rotates to the bottom of the discharge valve 34 and passes through the outlet of the valve body 341, thereby completing the suction and separation of the dregs.

Example 3

the side wall of the free end of the suction pipe 4 is provided with a rotary through groove.

The vortex separation cylinder 31 of the suction separation device 3 is a conical cylinder structure with a cone angle of 45 degrees and a height of 3 m; the muck collecting tank 32 is communicated with the inner cavity of the vortex separation cylinder 31, the muck moving direction of the muck collecting tank 32 is opposite to the air flow moving direction of the inner cavity of the vortex separation cylinder 31, the muck collecting tank 32 protrudes outwards along the wall of the vortex separation cylinder 31, and the notch is formed towards the central axis of the vortex separation cylinder 31 and is obliquely arranged along the wall of the vortex separation cylinder 31 from top to bottom, so that the collected muck can slide and move from top to bottom. The inclination angle of the residue soil collecting groove 32 is 30-60 degrees, preferably 30-45 degrees.

The suction unit 5 comprises a fixed lantern ring 51, a suction nozzle cylinder 52, a rotary cutting motor 53, a rotary cutting transmission part 54 and a sawtooth cutter head 55 arranged at one end of the suction nozzle cylinder 52; the fixed lantern ring 51 is sleeved outside the free end of the suction pipe 4, the fixed lantern ring 51 is fixedly connected with the pipe wall of the free end of the suction pipe 4, the suction nozzle cylinder 52 can be effectively prevented from sliding upwards in the rotating process, and the rotary cutting motor 53 is used as a driving part and is arranged on the outer wall of the fixed lantern ring 51 to be fixedly connected; the transmission mechanism is composed of a first gear and a second gear which are meshed with each other, the first gear 3 is sleeved on the lower edge of the fixed lantern ring 51 and meshed with the second gear 4, and the second gear 4 is connected with a rotating shaft of the rotary cutting motor 53. The suction nozzle barrel 52 is a hollow barrel, is sleeved on the inner side of the free end of the suction pipe 4 and is positioned below the fixed lantern ring 51, the upper edge of the suction nozzle barrel 52 is outwards turned to penetrate through the rotary through groove of the suction pipe 4 to be fixedly connected with the inner side of the first gear 3, and the first gear 3 rotates to drive the suction nozzle barrel 52 to rotate; the serrated knife head 55 is arranged at the lower port of the suction nozzle cylinder 52, the serrated knife head 55 is aligned with the free end of the suction pipe 4, and the serrated knife head is rotated outside the suction pipe 4 to cut and scatter the residue soil block in a rotating direction. In operation, the rotary cutting motor 53 drives the second gear 4 to drive the first gear 3 to rotate, and further drives the nozzle cylinder 52 to perform circular motion, so as to perform circular rotary cutting and scattering on the residue soil blocks.

The other components and the connection method thereof are the same as those in embodiment 1.

The method of sludge suction of this example is also similar to that of example 1. The above embodiments 1 to 3 are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, wherein the driving motor can be replaced by an air cylinder, and the transmission mechanisms can be replaced by chain transmission mechanisms or worm and worm gear mechanisms, and the replacement of the conventional technical means made in the idea of the present invention all belongs to the scope of the protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent soil suction machine for dregs in pile holes is characterized by comprising a base frame (1), a fan (2), a suction and separation device (3), a suction pipe (4), a suction unit (5), a controller (9), a master control platform (10) and an imaging mechanism (8);

the bottom frame (1) is used for providing a mounting platform for the suction separation device (3) and the fan (2);

the suction unit (5) is arranged at the tail end of the suction pipe (4) and used for cutting, scattering and separating the residue soil in the pile hole and then entering the suction and separation device (3) along the suction pipe (4);

the suction and separation device (3) is arranged above the bottom frame (1), the air inlet of the suction and separation device (3) is communicated with the suction pipe (4), and the air outlet of the suction and separation device is communicated with the fan (2) through a pipeline; the suction separation device (3) comprises a vortex separation cylinder (31) and a residue soil collecting tank (32) extending from top to bottom along the wall of the vortex separation cylinder (31), wherein the residue soil collecting tank (32) protrudes outwards along the wall of the vortex separation cylinder (31) and a notch is formed towards the central shaft (561) of the vortex separation cylinder (31); the slag soil airflow is sucked by the suction pipe (4) and enters the vortex separation cylinder (31) from the lower part along the tangential direction to form a rising rotational flow from bottom to top, the slag soil is separated from gas under the action of centrifugal force in the rising process of the high-speed rotational flow, is thrown out from the tangential direction and is collected in the slag soil collecting tank (32), moves from top to bottom along the slag soil collecting tank (32) under the action of self weight and tangential impact force, and is discharged from a slag soil outlet of the vortex separation cylinder (31);

the imaging mechanism (8) is arranged at the tail end of the suction pipe (4) and used for acquiring images of the bottom of the pile hole and transmitting the images to the master control platform (10), and the position of the suction unit (5) is adjusted according to the accumulation condition of the muck, so that the suction unit (5) can accurately clean the accumulated muck;

the suction unit (5) and the imaging mechanism (8) are respectively and electrically connected with the controller (9), and the controller (9) and the imaging mechanism (8) are respectively and electrically connected with the master control platform (10) or wirelessly communicated with the master control platform.

2. The intelligent pile hole muck soil suction machine according to claim 1, wherein the suction and separation device (3) further comprises a muck collecting cylinder (33) and a discharge valve (34), the muck collecting cylinder (33) is arranged at the bottom of the vortex separation cylinder (31) and is used for collecting muck;

and the discharge valve (34) is arranged at the bottom of the residue soil collecting cylinder (33) and is used for scattering, separating and discharging the residue soil discharged by the residue soil collecting cylinder (33).

3. The intelligent soil suction machine for the dregs in the pile hole of the claim 2 is characterized in that: the muck collecting tank (32) is communicated with the vortex separation barrel (31), and the muck moving direction of the muck collecting tank (32) is opposite to the air flow moving direction of the vortex separation barrel (31); the helix angle of the slag soil collecting groove (32) is 30-70 degrees, and the thread pitch is 2 times of the cylinder height of the vortex separation cylinder (31).

4. The intelligent soil suction machine for the dregs in the pile hole of the claim 3 is characterized in that: the suction unit (5) comprises a suction nozzle cylinder (52), a rotary cutting driving mechanism, a rotary cutting transmission part (54) and a sawtooth cutter head (55) arranged at one end of the suction nozzle cylinder (52); the suction nozzle cylinder (52) is sleeved at the tail end of the suction pipe (4); the rotary cutting driving mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the suction pipe (4); the rotary cutting transmission mechanism is arranged on the suction nozzle cylinder (52), and the rotary cutting driving mechanism is connected with the rotary cutting transmission component (54) to drive the suction nozzle cylinder (52) to rotate, so as to drive the sawtooth cutter head (55) to rotate to rotary cut and break up the muck blocks.

5. The intelligent soil suction machine for the dregs in the pile hole of the claim 3 is characterized in that: the suction unit (5) comprises a suction nozzle cylinder (52), a rotary cutting driving mechanism and a rotary cutting mechanism (56); the rotary cutting driving mechanism is arranged outside the suction nozzle cylinder (52); the rotary cutting and rotary cutting mechanism (56) is arranged inside the suction nozzle cylinder (52); the rotary cutting driving mechanism is connected with the rotary cutting mechanism (56) to drive the rotary cutting mechanism (56) to rotate around the axial direction of the rotary cutting mechanism (56); the rotary cutting mechanism (56) comprises a central shaft (561) and rotary cutting blades (562) arranged on the central shaft (561); the rotary cutting mechanism (56) is connected with a power output shaft of the rotary cutting driving mechanism through a central shaft (561), one end of the central shaft (561) arranged in the barrel is connected with the rotary cutting driving mechanism, and the central shaft (561) is distributed along the radial direction of the suction nozzle barrel (52) to enable the rotary cutting blades (562) to carry out spiral cutting and drainage on different positions of the muck.

6. The intelligent soil suction machine for the muck in the pile hole as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein: the intelligent soil suction machine for the dregs in the pile hole further comprises a pipeline retraction and release mechanism (6) and a suction moving mechanism (7);

the pipeline retracting and releasing mechanism (6) comprises a rolling shaft (61), a winding drum (62) and a lifting bracket (63); two ends of the rolling shaft (61) are erected on the lifting support (63), and the height of the rolling shaft is adjusted through the lifting support (63); the winding drum (62) is sleeved outside the roller (61) by taking the roller (61) as a central shaft (561), one end of the suction pipe (4) is communicated with the air inlet of the suction separation device (3), and the other end of the suction pipe is wound on the winding drum (62) and is wound and unwound through the winding drum (62); the height of the winding drum (62) is adjusted to ensure that the angle of the end connected with the suction and separation device (3) is kept horizontal or inclined upwards is not more than 10 degrees;

a suction moving mechanism (7) which comprises a fixed frame (71), a pulley (72) and at least two traction ropes (73); the pulleys (72) are fixed on the fixed frame (71), the pulling ropes (73) are respectively connected with the suction unit (5) by bypassing the pulleys (72), the free end of any one pulling rope (73) applies pulling force to the suction nozzle cylinder (52) of the suction unit (5), and the other pulling ropes (73) are in a free state, so that the suction nozzle cylinder (52) of the suction unit (5) is pulled to move.

7. The intelligent soil suction machine for the muck in the pile hole according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the imaging mechanism (8) comprises a base (81), a camera (82), an inductive sensor (83), an imaging driving mechanism (84), an imaging transmission mechanism (85), a cleaning mechanism (86) and an imaging bracket (87);

a base (81) which is sleeved above the suction unit (5) at the tail end of the suction pipe; it comprises a housing and a fixed seat; the cover shell is connected below the fixed seat;

the camera (82) is fixed in the housing of the base (81) and used for collecting images and uploading the images to the master control platform (10);

the imaging bracket (87) is fixed on the base (81) and is opposite to the housing of the base (81);

a cleaning mechanism (86) which is arranged on the imaging bracket (87) and is contacted with the outer surface of the housing of the base (81) to clean the outer surface of the housing of the base (81);

an inductive sensor (83) which is arranged on the imaging bracket (87) and senses the position of the cleaning mechanism (86) and transmits a sensing signal to the controller (9);

imaging drive mechanism (84), fix on base (81), be connected with controller (9) electricity, its power take off end is connected with imaging drive mechanism (85), sends the start command by controller (9), and imaging drive mechanism (84) provides power, transmits through imaging drive mechanism (85) and cleans mechanism (86), and the drive cleans mechanism (86) and is rotary motion around the housing surface of base (81), accomplishes and cleans the work.

8. The intelligent soil suction machine for the dregs in the pile hole of the claim 7 is characterized in that: the sweeping mechanism (86) comprises an arc-shaped bracket and a brush arranged on the inner surface of the arc-shaped bracket; the arc-shaped support is connected with the imaging transmission mechanism (85) and is arranged on the outer side of the housing of the base (81), and the structure of the arc-shaped support is matched with the surface of the housing of the base (81); the brush is in contact with the outer surface of the housing of the base (81) to clean the surface of the housing of the base (81).

9. The automatic pumping method of the pile hole muck is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(1) -inserting the suction unit (5) according to claim 1 into the bottom of the pile hole, bringing the suction unit (5) into contact with the residual soil at the bottom of the pile hole, activating the fan (2) to maintain the suction separator device (3) and the suction pipe (4) under negative pressure;

(2) the imaging mechanism (8) collects images of the bottom of the pile hole and uploads the images to the master control platform (10), the condition of the residue soil at the bottom of the pile hole is observed through the images, and the position of the suction unit (5) is adjusted according to the accumulation condition of the residue soil, so that the suction unit (5) can accurately clean the accumulated residue soil;

(3) the suction unit (5) is used for cutting and scattering the residue soil blocks in a rotary cutting mode from the circumferential direction or a radial rotary cutting mode, meanwhile, the scattered soil blocks generate vortex along the tangential direction of the cylinder wall of the suction unit (5), and in the centrifugal movement process, the vortex effect is coupled and superposed with the negative pressure suction effect inside the suction pipe (4), so that the suction efficiency is enhanced, and the residue soil can smoothly enter the suction pipe (4);

(4) the slag soil air flow is sucked by the suction pipe (4) and enters the vortex separation cylinder (31) of the suction separation device (3) from the lower part along the tangential direction to form ascending rotational flow from bottom to top, the slag soil is separated from air under the action of centrifugal force in the ascending process of high-speed rotational flow and is thrown out from the tangential direction to be collected in the slag soil collecting tank (32), and spirally winds from top to bottom along the slag soil collecting tank (32) under the action of self weight and tangential impact force and is discharged from a slag soil outlet of the vortex separation cylinder (31), and the air flow is sucked from the top of the vortex separation cylinder (31) and then is emptied to finish the suction of the slag soil at the bottom of the pile.

10. The automatic pumping method of pile hole muck according to claim 9, characterized in that: the step (1) is specifically as follows:

(1.1) adjusting the height of the winding drum (62) to a position where the angle of the end connected with the suction and separation device (3) is kept horizontal or inclined upwards is not more than 10 degrees by adjusting a lifting support (63) of the height-adjusting pipeline retraction and release mechanism (6), rotating the winding drum (62) to retract and release the suction pipe (4), and enabling the suction unit (5) to extend into the bottom of the pile hole;

(1.2) applying a pulling force to a suction nozzle cylinder (52) of the suction unit (5) through a free end of any one pulling rope (73) of the pulling and suction moving mechanism (7), and enabling the suction nozzle cylinder (52) of the suction unit (5) to be pulled and moved to be in contact with the residual soil when the other pulling ropes (73) are in a free state;

(1.3) starting the fan (2) to keep the suction and separation device (3) and the suction pipe (4) in a negative pressure state.

11. The automatic pumping method of pile hole muck according to claim 10, characterized in that: the step (2) is specifically as follows:

(2.1) the position of the cleaning mechanism (86) on a housing of the base (81) is detected by the induction type sensor (83), the position is fed back to the controller (9) in real time, the controller (9) sends a control instruction to the imaging driving mechanism (84) and the camera (82) according to a position signal of the cleaning mechanism (86), the cleaning speed and the rotation amplitude of the cleaning mechanism (86) and the image acquisition frequency of the imaging mechanism (8) are controlled, and when the cleaning mechanism (86) finishes one cleaning work, the camera (82) acquires one image, so that the cleaning work and the image acquisition work are alternately finished;

(2.2) the camera (82) collects the soil surface image at the bottom of the pile hole and then transmits the image to the master control platform (10), the master control platform (10) displays and observes, and if the position where the suction unit (5) is located is free of dregs or soil blocks, the position of the suction unit (5) is adjusted by drawing the suction moving mechanism (7); and (3) if the position of the suction unit (5) is opposite to the position of the residue soil or the soil block.

12. The automatic pumping method of pile hole muck according to claim 11, characterized in that: the step (3) is specifically as follows: the rotary cutting driving mechanism is started to drive the central shaft (561) to rotate around the axial direction of the rotary cutting driving mechanism, the muck is linearly cut, the rotary cutting blades (562) perform spiral line cutting and drainage on different positions of the muck, the cut muck at different point positions is drained to the wall of the barrel, the center of the barrel becomes a low-pressure area and is coupled with the suction negative pressure response in the barrel, a vortex is formed in the barrel and rises along the vortex of the inner wall of the barrel, a gap is reserved between the barrel and the soil body due to the inclined opening of the barrel, the negative pressure suction effect is strengthened, and the muck is smoothly sucked away along the suction pipe 4.

13. The automatic pumping method of pile hole muck according to claim 11, characterized in that: the step (3) is specifically as follows: the rotary-cut driving mechanism is driven to drive the scattering cylinder body to rotate circumferentially through the rotary-cut transmission component (54), the scattering cylinder body rapidly makes circular motion, the sawtooth cutter head (55) on the scattering cylinder body continuously rotates to carry out rotary cutting and scattering on the residue soil block contacted with the tail end of the suction pipe (4), the scattered residue soil continuously rotates in the scattering cylinder body to generate centrifugal motion and form an upward vortex, and the vortex central area is coupled with the suction effect of the central low-pressure area in the suction pipe (4) to enable the residue soil to be smoothly sucked away along the suction pipe (4).

14. The automatic pumping method of pile hole muck according to any one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that: the step (4) is specifically as follows:

(4.1) the muck tangentially enters an inner cavity of the vortex separation cylinder (31) along the wall of the vortex separation cylinder (31), the muck with larger particle size directly falls into a muck collection cylinder (33) under the action of gravity, and the muck with smaller particle size performs vortex motion from bottom to top in the vortex separation cylinder (31) along with vortex airflow;

(4.2) in the process of the vortex motion from bottom to top, along with the gradual reduction of the inner diameter of the conical vortex separation cylinder (31), the residue soil with smaller particle size is separated from gas under the action of centrifugal force along with high-speed rotating airflow, thrown into a residue soil collecting tank (32), and then spirally wound and slid down along a spiral channel of the residue soil collecting tank (32) from top to bottom under the action of self gravity and tangential impact force, and enters the residue soil collecting cylinder (33);

(4.3) the dregs discharged from the vortex separation cylinder (31) enter the dregs collection cylinder (33) and are discharged from top to bottom along the funnel-shaped inner wall of the dregs collection cylinder (33);

(4.4) the muck enters the discharge valve (34) from the direction vertical to the rotation center of the discharge valve (34), falls on the rotating blade (344), rotates and disperses along with the rotation of the rotating blade (344) of the discharge valve (34), and is discharged when the rotating blade (344) rotates to the bottom of the discharge valve (34) and passes through the outlet of the valve body (341), so that the absorption and separation of the muck are completed.