CN110820445A - Abrasive belt grinding type all-type steel rail grinding device and grinding method thereof - Google Patents
Abrasive belt grinding type all-type steel rail grinding device and grinding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110820445A CN110820445A CN201911228972.5A CN201911228972A CN110820445A CN 110820445 A CN110820445 A CN 110820445A CN 201911228972 A CN201911228972 A CN 201911228972A CN 110820445 A CN110820445 A CN 110820445A
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- steel rail
- abrasive belt
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B31/00—Working rails, sleepers, baseplates, or the like, in or on the line; Machines, tools, or auxiliary devices specially designed therefor
- E01B31/02—Working rail or other metal track components on the spot
- E01B31/12—Removing metal from rails, rail joints, or baseplates, e.g. for deburring welds, reconditioning worn rails
- E01B31/17—Removing metal from rails, rail joints, or baseplates, e.g. for deburring welds, reconditioning worn rails by grinding
- E01B31/175—Removing metal from rails, rail joints, or baseplates, e.g. for deburring welds, reconditioning worn rails by grinding using grinding belts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an abrasive belt grinding type all-type steel rail grinding device and a grinding method thereof. The grinding method disclosed by the invention is realized by the abrasive belt grinding type all-type steel rail grinding device, the grinding mechanism performs profile grinding movement on the steel rail along the vertical direction A, the transverse direction B, the longitudinal direction C and the rotating direction D taking the longitudinal direction C as an axis, and the contact state between the abrasive belt and the steel rail is changed along the rotating direction E taking the vertical direction A as an axis on the surface of the steel rail, so that the method can be used for realizing disease removal and profile removal of turnout section steel rails and groove type rails such as 50kg/m, 60kg/m, 75kg/m and the like of main line steel rails, turnout cores, switch rails and the like. The invention has the advantages of high polishing efficiency, adaptability to various polishing working conditions, low cost of polishing tools and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel rail grinding, in particular to an abrasive belt grinding type all-type steel rail grinding device and a grinding method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the rail transit industry in China in recent years, the laying mileage of the steel rails is increased year by year, and meanwhile, diversified rail transit modes present a development trend of head-to-head progression, such as: high-speed rail, ordinary rail, heavy load, light rail, subway, rail, etc. and the number of switch field areas and groups is increasing. The long-time repeated grinding of the wheel set can cause the surface of the steel rail to be damaged in various forms such as wave abrasion, fat edge, falling block, fish scale pattern, joint collapse and the like, particularly the switch rail, the turnout core and the groove rail part, the replacement cost is far higher than that of a straight line rail, and the damage of the turnout area can increase the derailment danger of the train when the damage is not timely treated.
The grinding technology is the only effective means recognized in the global scope for removing the rail damage, and at present, grinding wheels and milling cutters are mostly adopted to remove the material of the damaged layer on the surface of the rail, repair the tread profile of the rail, prolong the service life of the rail and reduce the maintenance cost of the rail. In the two common polishing methods at present, only the steel rail positive line can be maintained in a milling mode, the cutting amount is large, and the overall service life of the steel rail can be shortened due to excessive material removal amount; the grinding wheel is used for grinding in an end face mode, and can only adapt to various grinding requirements through various arrangement modes.
The prior rail grinding method has some limitations, such as: (1) the operation modes of the grinding wheel and the milling cutter cannot polish and maintain turnout cores and sharp turnouts in turnout areas, and cannot finish polishing diseases of groove-shaped rails; (2) the grinding maintenance of the full-type steel rail cannot be completed in a single mode, so that the currently applied grinding method excessively depends on the equipment form, various equipment types are formed, and great inconvenience and burden are caused to the use and maintenance of a user; (3) the processing performance of the tool directly influences the grinding quality, and the grinding wheel and the milling cutter have strict requirements on the performance of the grinding tool and high cost, so that the consumption of the grinding tool becomes a huge expenditure for rail maintenance operation.
Therefore, in order to overcome the application limitation of the existing grinding method and solve the existing problems in the rail grinding and maintenance operation, a device suitable for the requirements of all types of rails for grinding and maintenance and a grinding method thereof need to be provided urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an abrasive belt grinding type all-type steel rail grinding device and a grinding method thereof, which have the advantages of strong adaptability, energy conservation, environmental protection, low cost and the like, can overcome the defect that the existing grinding device and the grinding method thereof excessively depend on equipment and the performance of the existing grinding device, and can meet the requirements of grinding the defects of any type and any position of the whole line of the rail in rail transit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The grinding mechanism comprises an abrasive belt and a contact wheel, the grinding mechanism is connected with the power device through the transmission mechanism and is erected on the rack, and the abrasive belt and a steel rail generate mutual grinding action under grinding pressure directly applied by the contact wheel to remove steel rail materials.
Further, the surface of the contact wheel is covered with a rubber layer with a certain thickness.
Further, the rubber layer on the surface of the contact wheel can be made into an interrupted groove type, an inner concave type, a tooth groove type and other different forms.
A grinding method of the belt grinding type full-type steel rail is realized by the belt grinding type full-type steel rail grinding device, and comprises the following steps:
s1, the grinding mechanism carries out the outline grinding movement of the steel rail along the vertical A, the transverse B, the longitudinal C and the rotating direction D taking the longitudinal C as the axis of the steel rail surface;
s2, the grinding mechanism changes the contact state between the abrasive belt and the steel rail through the rotation direction E which takes the vertical direction A as the axis along the surface of the steel rail;
s3, according to specific working condition requirements, the S1 and the S2 can independently or cooperatively finish the rail grinding work.
Further, when the method is used for polishing the grooved rail, the contact wheel molded surface matched with the shape of the grooved rail tread surface and a mechanical structure required by abrasive belt grinding operation matched with the service working condition of the grooved rail are designed, and the grinding operation is carried out on the grooved rail tread surface by utilizing the peripheral surface grinding characteristics of the abrasive belt.
Furthermore, when the method is used for polishing the turnout core and the switch rail, parameters such as abrasive materials, granularity and the like of the abrasive belt are adjusted by utilizing the elastic contact characteristics of the abrasive belt grinding system according to the grinding requirements of specific areas of turnout groups such as the turnout core, the switch rail and the like; according to the spatial characteristics of specific areas of turnout groups such as the turnout core, the switch rail and the like, the peripheral surface grinding characteristics of the abrasive belt are utilized to reduce the widths of the abrasive belt and the contact wheel and adjust a gear train structure matched with the abrasive belt and the contact wheel; and adjusting the thickness of the rubber layer of the contact wheel, and polishing the special position of the steel rail by adopting the concave contact wheel.
Furthermore, the method can be used for profile grinding of 50kg/m, 60kg/m, 75kg/m and other straight rails and switch rail, switch core and other switch area rails.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the abrasive belt grinding utilizes the advantages of peripheral surface grinding and more system adjustable parameters, can finish the removal of rail defects in turnout areas and main track areas, can realize the grinding maintenance of I-shaped, groove-shaped and other full-type steel rails, and has the efficiency improved by 3-5 times compared with the existing grinding mode; (2) the abrasive belt grinding has the application characteristics of abrasive belt width and changeable contact wheel molded surface, can meet various working condition requirements only by changing an abrasive belt wheel train, and reduces the excessive dependence on equipment by the original grinding mode; (3) due to the specific electrostatic sand planting process, the abrasive belt has the advantages of elastic grinding, quick grinding, cold grinding and the like, the requirements on the performance of the abrasive belt are reduced in the grinding operation process, the abrasive belt is easy to obtain and convenient to replace, the tool consumption cost in steel rail maintenance is greatly reduced, and the expected reduction can be more than 70%.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. It should be noted that the drawings in the following description are only examples of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the following drawings without any creative effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a full-type rail grinding device using a belt grinding method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a contact wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a grooved rail polishing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating grinding of a forked core according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating point rail grinding according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will fully understand the technical contents of the present invention, the present invention will be described with reference to specific examples. These examples are intended to further illustrate the advantages and features of the invention, and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a belt-grinding type full-type rail grinding method is to remove material by using a belt 1 to interact with a rail 3 under grinding pressure, wherein a contact wheel 2 directly applies a pressure to the belt 1 to generate grinding action; abrasive belt 1 and its wheel train can realize vertical A, horizontal B, longitudinal C rectilinear motion along the rail surface to can realize around A axle, the rotary motion E, D of C axle.
The motion forms of the abrasive belt and the gear train thereof, such as A, B, C, D, and the like, are set for adapting to different rail grinding target profiles, the motion form E is set for changing the contact state between the abrasive belt and the rail, homogenizing abrasive belt wear and easily collecting abrasive dust, and the motions can be cooperated according to specific working condition requirements in the actual grinding operation process.
As shown in fig. 2, the contact wheel form surface rubber layer can be made in different forms: the intermittent groove type 2-1, the inward concave type 2-2, the tooth groove type 2-3 and the like can realize the intermittent impact effect in the abrasive belt grinding process by utilizing the groove type contact wheel, enhance the crushing self-sharpening capability of abrasive particles on the surface of the abrasive belt, maintain the sharpness characteristic of the abrasive belt and improve the abrasive belt grinding efficiency; the grinding profile can be realized by utilizing the change of the profile characteristics of the rubber layer, adjusting the distribution pressure of the contact pressure along the axial direction and utilizing the material removal profile.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of the invention applied to the grinding of a grooved rail 4. The grinding method of the circumferential surface of the abrasive belt can be used for implementing grinding operation on the tread of the groove-shaped rail, meanwhile, the contact wheel profile can be designed according to the shape of the tread of the groove-shaped rail, and a mechanical structure required by abrasive belt grinding operation is designed according to the service working condition of the groove-shaped rail, so that the characteristic that the groove-shaped rail cannot be ground by the conventional abrasive wheel and milling cutter is overcome.
Fig. 4 and 5 are schematic diagrams illustrating the application of the present invention to grinding of the point rail 6 and the point core 5. The abrasive belt grinding type full-type steel rail grinding method can complete the defect removal and the profile restoration of turnout cores and switch rails, and can adjust the parameters of abrasive materials, granularity and the like of an abrasive belt to adapt to the grinding requirements of specific areas of turnout groups such as turnout cores 5, switch rails 6 and the like by utilizing the elastic contact characteristic of an abrasive belt grinding system; by utilizing the grinding characteristics of the peripheral surface of the abrasive belt, the widths of the abrasive belt and the contact wheel can be reduced, and the wheel train structure matched with the abrasive belt and the contact wheel can be adjusted to adapt to the space limitation of parts such as a fork core, a switch rail and the like; when the abrasive belt grinding method is used for grinding turnout cores and switch rails, the grinding of special positions of the steel rails can be realized by means of the characteristics of the concave 2-2 contact wheel and the adjustment of the thickness of the rubber layer of the contact wheel.
When the grinding target profile is realized by using a belt grinding mode, the method can be used for profile grinding of 50kg/m, 60kg/m, 75kg/m and other straight rails and switch area rails such as switch rails, switch cores and the like. The profile implementation process fully utilizes the advantage of more variables of abrasive belt grinding modes. The abrasive belt type steel rail grinding is the only effective method for grinding the profile of the full-scale steel rail at present.
The above description is only a partial example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. All the modifications and improvements made to the above examples according to the technical essence of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a full type rail grinding device of abrasive band grinding formula which characterized in that: the steel rail grinding machine comprises a rack, a power device, a transmission mechanism and a grinding mechanism, wherein the grinding mechanism comprises an abrasive belt (1) and a contact wheel (2), the grinding mechanism is connected with the power device through the transmission mechanism and is erected on the rack, and the abrasive belt (1) and a steel rail (3) are subjected to mutual grinding action under grinding pressure directly applied by the contact wheel (2) to remove steel rail materials.
2. A belt-grinding type all-steel rail grinding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the surface of the contact wheel (2) is covered with a rubber layer with a certain thickness.
3. A belt-grinding type all-steel rail grinding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the surface rubber layer of the contact wheel (2) can be made into different forms such as an interrupted groove type (2-1), an inward concave type (2-2), a tooth groove type (2-3) and the like.
4. A method of grinding a full-type steel rail by belt grinding, which is carried out by the belt-grinding full-type steel rail grinding apparatus as claimed in claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
s1, the grinding mechanism carries out the outline grinding movement of the steel rail along the vertical A, the transverse B, the longitudinal C and the rotating direction D taking the longitudinal C as the axis of the steel rail surface;
s2, the grinding mechanism changes the contact state between the abrasive belt and the steel rail through the rotation direction E which takes the vertical direction A as the axis along the surface of the steel rail;
s3, according to specific working condition requirements, the S1 and the S2 can independently or cooperatively finish the rail grinding work.
5. The method for grinding the full-type steel rail by the abrasive belt grinding according to claim 4, wherein when the method is used for grinding the groove-shaped rail (4), the contact wheel molded surface matched with the shape of the tread of the groove-shaped rail and a mechanical structure required by abrasive belt grinding operation matched with the service condition of the groove-shaped rail are designed, and the tread of the groove-shaped rail is ground by utilizing the peripheral surface grinding characteristics of the abrasive belt.
6. The method for grinding the full-type steel rail by the abrasive belt according to claim 4, wherein when the method is used for grinding the turnout core (5) and the switch rail (6), parameters such as abrasive material, granularity and the like of the abrasive belt are adjusted by utilizing the elastic contact characteristics of an abrasive belt grinding system according to the grinding requirements of specific areas of turnout groups such as the turnout core (5) and the switch rail (6); according to the spatial characteristics of specific areas of turnout groups such as the turnout core (5) and the switch rail (6), the peripheral surface grinding characteristics of the abrasive belt are utilized to reduce the widths of the abrasive belt and the contact wheel and adjust a gear train structure matched with the abrasive belt and the contact wheel; and adjusting the thickness of the rubber layer of the contact wheel (2), and polishing the special position of the steel rail by adopting the concave contact wheel (2-2).
7. A method for grinding all types of steel rails by belt grinding according to claims 4-6, characterized in that the method can be used for contour grinding of 50kg/m, 60kg/m, 75kg/m and other positive rails and switch rails, switch cores and other turnout zone rails.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911228972.5A CN110820445B (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2019-12-04 | Abrasive belt grinding type full-class steel rail grinding device and grinding method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911228972.5A CN110820445B (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2019-12-04 | Abrasive belt grinding type full-class steel rail grinding device and grinding method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110820445A true CN110820445A (en) | 2020-02-21 |
| CN110820445B CN110820445B (en) | 2024-09-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911228972.5A Active CN110820445B (en) | 2019-12-04 | 2019-12-04 | Abrasive belt grinding type full-class steel rail grinding device and grinding method thereof |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4111667A (en) * | 1977-04-15 | 1978-09-05 | Norton Company | Woven polyester backed flexible coated abrasive having microballoons in backsize |
| DE3840006C1 (en) * | 1988-11-26 | 1990-07-26 | Elektro-Thermit Gmbh, 4300 Essen, De | |
| CN103128635A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-05 | 江南大学 | Novel steel rail abrasive belt grinding wagon |
| CN106223145A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2016-12-14 | 北京交通大学 | Overall pressure type enclosed abrasive band rail grinding machine |
| CN106223144A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2016-12-14 | 北京交通大学 | Rail corrugation belt grinder |
| CN106223146A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2016-12-14 | 北京交通大学 | Open type abrasive band high-speed steel rail polishing car |
| CN108797240A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-13 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of automatic rail welding polishing process |
| CN211815230U (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-10-30 | 北京交通大学 | Abrasive belt grinding type all-type steel rail grinding device |
-
2019
- 2019-12-04 CN CN201911228972.5A patent/CN110820445B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4111667A (en) * | 1977-04-15 | 1978-09-05 | Norton Company | Woven polyester backed flexible coated abrasive having microballoons in backsize |
| DE3840006C1 (en) * | 1988-11-26 | 1990-07-26 | Elektro-Thermit Gmbh, 4300 Essen, De | |
| CN103128635A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2013-06-05 | 江南大学 | Novel steel rail abrasive belt grinding wagon |
| CN106223145A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2016-12-14 | 北京交通大学 | Overall pressure type enclosed abrasive band rail grinding machine |
| CN106223144A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2016-12-14 | 北京交通大学 | Rail corrugation belt grinder |
| CN106223146A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2016-12-14 | 北京交通大学 | Open type abrasive band high-speed steel rail polishing car |
| CN108797240A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-13 | 华东交通大学 | A kind of automatic rail welding polishing process |
| CN211815230U (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-10-30 | 北京交通大学 | Abrasive belt grinding type all-type steel rail grinding device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN110820445B (en) | 2024-09-13 |
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