CN104452500B - A kind of track profiling polishing process - Google Patents

Abstract

A track profiling grinding method, the invention relates to the technical field of railway track maintenance, in particular to a track profile grinding method, the track profiling grinding machine is placed in the initial position, and the track cross section where the grinding head rotation axis of the grinding machine is located As the reference plane, establish a Cartesian coordinate system, measure and obtain the coordinate parameters of the track profile and the initial position parameters of the grinding machine, determine the track profile to be polished, take the straight line intersecting the track profile to be polished and the reference plane as the grinding tangent line, and move the grinder to grind until the rotation axis of the grinding head is perpendicular to the grinding tangent line, drive the grinding head to move radially along the grinding head rotation axis until the lower end surface of the grinding head coincides with the grinding tangent line, and drive the grinding head to move along the surface of the track to be polished. Grinding of the track profile. In the profiling grinding method of the present invention, the grinding head of the grinding machine is moved according to the coordinate parameters until the rotation axis of the grinding head is perpendicular to the grinding tangent line, so that the end face of the grinding head is used for grinding at any angle.

Description

A kind of orbit profiling grinding method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of railway track maintenance, in particular to a method for grinding a track profile.

Background technique

With the development of high-speed and heavy-duty railways, rails will have defects such as fatigue cracks, fat edges and wave wear, which will affect the stability and safety of railway vehicles. At the same time, the above defects will accelerate rail failure and bring greater economic loss. Preventive and remedial maintenance of rails is a necessary measure to prolong rail life, improve comfort, economy and safety. At present, rail repair methods mainly include grinding, planing, milling, and manual grinding. Among them, the use of efficient grinding machines to repair rails is the most common.

At present, the commonly used grinding methods in China mainly include various small grinding machines for manual control grinding. The grinding head is driven by a gasoline internal combustion engine or electric drive, which is extremely inefficient and can only be used for small-scale and small-scale track repair work. In terms of shape technology, on the original track, through the contact profiling of the mechanical roller and the rail surface (the rail surface is not a standard rail surface, but a rail surface with defects), plus manual adjustment of the grinding amount, the grinding surface cannot There are many human factors in achieving norms and standards.

At present, the more advanced grinding method in China is to use foreign hydraulically driven grinding locomotives for grinding, which greatly improves the grinding efficiency, but this grinding method has certain defects in the profiling technology of the rail surface. In the existing grinding method, the profiling adopts a hydraulic method to press the grinding head to the track to maintain a certain pressure between the grinding wheel and the track to ensure the grinding force, but the wear homogenization effect on the guide rail to the wave is weak. That is, there is still cutting at the trough, and secondly, the profiling of the rail surface is also realized by hydraulic pressure, so the grinding surface cannot be standardized and standardized.

Contents of the invention

1. The technical problem to be solved by the invention

The invention aims to provide a method for profiling grinding of a multi-section track, so as to realize more uniform and stable grinding of the contact surface of the track.

2. Technical solution

A kind of track profiling polishing method of the present invention, specifically comprises the following steps:

Step 1. Place the track profiling grinder at the initial position, take the track cross section where the grinding head rotation axis of the grinder is located as the reference plane, establish a rectangular coordinate system, and measure and obtain the track profile coordinate parameters;

Step 2. Measure and obtain the initial position parameters of the track profiling grinder;

Step 3, measure the coordinate parameters of the orbital profiling grinding machine, record the axis center of the grinding head of the grinding machine in the reference plane as the Q point, record the initial position coordinates of the Q point, and record it as Q ₀ ;

Step 4. Determine the profile of the track to be polished, take the straight line intersecting the profile of the track to be polished and the reference plane as the grinding tangent, and the grinding tangent is tangent to the track at the tangent point Z. Record the coordinate of the tangent point Z as Z ₁ , and record the grinding tangent The acute angle with the horizontal plane is β;

Step 5. Move the grinding head of the grinding machine to the position where the rotation axis of the grinding head is perpendicular to the grinding tangent line;

Step 6. Drive the grinding head of the grinding machine to move radially along the rotation axis of the grinding head until the lower end surface of the grinding head coincides with the grinding tangent line;

Step 7, drive the grinding head of the grinding machine to move along the surface of the track to be polished, and complete the grinding of the track surface to be polished;

Step 8: Grind the track profiles one by one by using the generation method, and repeat steps 4-7 to complete the profile grinding of the track.

The above-mentioned track profiling grinding method, further, in the step 3, record the fixed center point of the grinding machine as point P, the coordinate parameters of the track profiling grinding machine also include the coordinates of point P, and set point P at the center of the rail Directly above.

The above-mentioned orbital profiling grinding method, further, in the step 5, the method of moving the grinding head of the grinding machine specifically includes the following steps,

Step 5.1. Take the working point on the straight line perpendicular to the grinding tangent, as the position of the Q point when the grinding machine is working, and the coordinate of the working point is marked as Q ₁ , then the connection between Q ₁ and Z ₁ is perpendicular to the grinding tangent;

Step 5.2. Calculate the straight-line distance between Q ₁ and Z ₁ , record it as F, and F ₀ ≤ F ≤ (F ₀ +Fx), F ₀ is the minimum distance between the grinding head of the grinding machine and point Q, and Fx is the grinding machine The maximum feeding distance of the grinding head;

Step 5.3. Set up two pendulum rods between point P and point Q. The connecting end of the first pendulum rod is set at point P, and the free end is marked as point M. The length of the first pendulum rod is L1, and the connecting end of the second pendulum rod is set to At point Q, the free end is recorded as point N, the length of the second swing rod is L2, the free ends of the first swing rod and the second swing rod are connected by a connecting rod, the length of the connecting rod is L, and the second swing rod is ground with the grinder. The head is relatively fixedly connected, and the acute angle between the second pendulum and the grinding head shaft of the grinding machine is α;

Step 5.4, calculate according to Q1 and obtain the coordinate M1 _of the free end of the _first swing rod and the coordinate N1 _of the free end of the second swing rod when the grinder is working;

Step 5.5, drive the first pendulum and the second pendulum to the working position, and move the grinding head of the grinder.

3. Beneficial effect

1. In the profiling grinding method of the present invention, the xOy coordinate system is established, and the grinding head of the grinding machine is moved according to the coordinate parameters until the rotation axis of the grinding head is perpendicular to the grinding tangent line. On the inner side, since the rotation axis of the grinding head is perpendicular to the grinding tangent, the end face of the grinding head can be used for grinding at any angle. When the grinding feed drive box of the grinding machine drives the disc-shaped grinding wheel to rotate and grind, the reaction force of the pressure during grinding is perpendicular to the end face of the disc-shaped grinding head, which means that the grinding head is stressed along the direction of the rotating shaft, even if a load is applied. Large pressure will not affect the rotating motor part.

2. The profiling grinding method of the present invention uses a grinding wheel for grinding, and the feed amount is quite small, generally 0.4-0.05mm. Therefore, the pendulum rod is used to drive, and the feed amount of the grinding head is accurate through the swing arm drive mode. Control, the swing arm grinding structure is small in size, light in weight, large in carrying capacity, high in control precision, and easy to interface with the CNC system.

3. The profiling grinding method of the present invention has a better profiling grinding effect. When grinding, the fixed center point (P point) of the grinding machine is set directly above the center position (0 point) of the rail. Therefore, when profiling grinding, the grinding head and the fixed center of the grinding machine are staggered in the vertical direction, and the overall fixing mechanism forms a certain eccentric. When the grinding machine is ground according to the method of the present invention, when the grinding head rotates and grinds at high speed, the whole mechanism is always under force in one direction, and the rotation center of the grinding head is deviated from the center of gravity action line of the feed drive unit of the grinding machine, thereby solving the mechanism caused by vibration Fault, poor grinding effect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a specific embodiment of the method of the present invention.

detailed description

Example 1

The method of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Step 1. Place the track profiling grinder at the initial position, take the track cross section where the grinding head 4 rotation axis of the grinder is located as the reference plane, establish a rectangular coordinate system, and measure the coordinate parameters of the track profile. In this embodiment, take The center point of the bottom surface of the track is the origin, and an x0y rectangular coordinate system is established.

Step 2. Measure and obtain the initial position parameters of the track profiling grinder; note that the fixed center point of the grinder is point P, and the coordinate parameters of the track profiling grinder also include the coordinates of point P. Set point P directly above the center position of the rail, then The coordinates of point P are (0, Yp).

Step 3. Measure the coordinate parameters of the orbital profiling grinding machine, record the axis center of the grinding head 4 of the grinding machine in the reference plane as the point Q, record the initial position coordinates of the Q point, and record it as Q ₀ (Xq ₀ , Yq ₀ ) .

Step 4. Determine the profile of the track to be polished, take the straight line intersecting the profile of the track to be polished and the reference plane as the grinding tangent, and the tangent of the grinding line is tangent to the track at the tangent point Z, and the coordinates of the tangent point Z are Z ₁ (Xz ₁ , Yz ₁ ), record the acute angle between the grinding tangent and the horizontal plane as β, that is, the β angle in Figure 1.

Step 5. Move the grinding head 4 of the grinding machine to a position where the rotation axis of the grinding head is perpendicular to the grinding tangent line. The method for moving the grinding head 4 of the grinding machine specifically includes the following steps.

Step 5.1. Take the working point on a straight line perpendicular to the grinding tangent as the position of point Q when the grinder is working. The coordinates of the working point are marked as Q ₁ (Xq ₁ , Yq ₁ ), and the connection between Q ₁ and Z ₁ and grinding The tangent is vertical.

Step 5.2, calculate the straight-line distance between Q ₁ and Z ₁ , record it as F, and F ₀ ≤ F ≤ (F ₀ +Fx), F ₀ is the minimum distance between the grinding head 4 and point Q of the grinding machine, and Fx is the grinding Machine grinding head 4 maximum feed distance.

Step 5.3. Set up two swing rods between point P and point Q. The connecting end of the first swing rod 6 is set at point P, the coordinates are (0, Yp), the free end is marked as point M, and the length of the first swing rod 6 is is L1; the connecting end of the second swing link 8 is set at point Q, and the free end is marked as point N, the length of the second swing link 8 is L2, and the free ends of the first swing link 6 and the second swing link 8 are connected by a connecting rod 7 , the length of the connecting rod 7 is L3, the second fork 8 is relatively fixedly connected with the grinder grinding head 4, and the acute angle between the second fork 8 and the grinder grinder 4 rotating shafts is α, that is, the α angle in Fig. 1 .

Step 5.4: Calculate and obtain the coordinates M ₁ of the free end of the _{first pendulum rod and the coordinates N 1 of} the free end of the second pendulum rod when the grinding machine is working.

The specific calculation process and formula are as follows:

$<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&angle;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; QZ</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; arctan</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Yp</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>$

∠NQP=α-β-∠ZPQ, and the length of NQ is L2. It can be seen that the abscissa of N1 is Xq ₁ -L2*sin(∠NQP), and the ordinate of N1 is Yq _{1 +} L2*cos(∠NQP).

The length L _PN1 between PN ₁ =(Xq ₁ -L2*sin(∠NQP)) ² +(Yp-Yq ₁ -L2*cos(∠NQP)) ² .

According to the law of cosines, it can be obtained that $\&angle;P{N}_1{m}_1=\arccos \left(\frac{{L_3}^2+{L_{\mathrm{PN}1}}^2-{L_1}^2}{2\&times;L_3\&times;L_{\mathrm{PN}1}}\right).$

Note that the vertical foot of N ₁ on the Y axis is N ₁₀ , then

$<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&angle;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 10</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; arctan</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{<span\; class="notranslate">\; |</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Yp</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Y</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; *</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; cos</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&angle;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; NQP</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; |</span>}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; |</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; *</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; sin</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; \&angle;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; NQP</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; |</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>$

∠M ₁ N ₁ N ₁₀ ＝∠PN ₁ N ₁₀ -∠PN ₁ M ₁ , then the horizontal distance between M1 and N1 is L3*cos(∠M ₁ N ₁ N ₁₀ ), between M ₁ and N ₁ The vertical distance is L3*sin(∠M ₁ N ₁ N ₁₀ ), and the abscissa of M ₁ is Xq ₁ -L2*sin(∠NQP)+L3*cos(∠M ₁ N ₁ N ₁₀ ), N ₁ The ordinate of is Yq ₁ +L2*cos(∠NQP)+L3*sin(∠M ₁ N ₁ N ₁₀ ).

Step 5.5: According to the coordinates _of M1 and N1 calculated and obtained in step 5.4, the _first pendulum 6 and the second pendulum 8 can be driven to rotate to the corresponding working positions, and the grinding head 4 of the grinding machine is moved.

Step 6. Drive the grinding head 4 to move radially along the grinding head shaft until the lower end surface of the grinding head coincides with the grinding tangent; in this embodiment, the servo motor 1 is used to drive the grinding head 4 through the screw nut transmission structure 3 Move along the linear guide rail 2 until the lower end surface of the grinding head 4 contacts the surface to be polished of the track 5 at the tangent point Z.

Step 7, drive the grinding head 4 of the grinding machine to move along the surface of the track to be polished, and complete the grinding of the profile of the track to be polished;

Step 8: Grind the track profiles one by one by using the generation method, and repeat steps 4-7 to complete the profile grinding of the track.

The above schematically describes the present invention and its implementation, which is not restrictive, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the implementations of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person of ordinary skill in the art is inspired by it, without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, without creatively designing a structural mode and embodiment similar to the technical solution, it shall all belong to the protection scope of the present invention .

Claims (3)

1. a track profiling polishing process, is characterized in that comprising the steps:

Step 1, track profiling sander is placed in to initial position, taking the track cross section at burnishing-head of burnishing machine pivot center place as benchmarkPlane, sets up rectangular coordinate system, measures and obtains rail type areal coordinate parameter;

Step 2, measurement obtain track profiling sander initial position parameters;

The coordinate parameters of step 3, measurement track profiling sander, the axle center that note burnishing-head of burnishing machine swings at datum plane inner periphery is QPoint, records Q point initial position coordinate, is designated as Q₀；

Step 4, definite polishing orbit profile for the treatment of, to treat that the polishing orbit profile straight line crossing with datum plane is as polishing tangent line, polishingTangent line and track are tangential on point of contact Z, and the coordinate of note point of contact Z is Z₁, note polishing tangent line and the folded acute angle of horizontal plane are β;

Step 5, portable grinder bistrique, to burnishing-head of burnishing machine rotation and polishing tangent line upright position;

Step 6, driving burnishing-head of burnishing machine move radially to burnishing-head of burnishing machine lower surface and overlap with polishing tangent line along burnishing-head of burnishing machine rotating shaft;

Step 7, drive burnishing-head of burnishing machine along treating that polishing orbit profile moves, complete the polishing for the treatment of polishing orbit profile;

Step 8, employing generating are polished one by one to track profile, and repeating step 4～7 completes track profiling polishing.

2. track profiling polishing process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 3, note sander is fixedCentral point is P point, and the coordinate parameters of track profiling sander also comprises P point coordinates, and P point is just being arranged on to rail centerTop.

3. track profiling polishing process according to claim 2, is characterized in that: in described step 5, and portable grinder millThe method of head is specially and comprises the following steps,

Step 5.1, perpendicular to polishing tangent line straight line on get operating point, Q point position while work as sander, operating pointCoordinate is designated as Q₁, Q₁With Z₁Line with polishing tangent line vertical;

Step 5.2, calculating Q₁With Z₁Between air line distance, be designated as F, another F₀≤F≤(F₀+Fx)，F₀For burnishing-head of burnishing machine and QThe minimum spacing of point, Fx is that burnishing-head of burnishing machine maximum feeds distance;

Step 5.3, between P point and Q point, two forks are set, the first fork link is arranged on P point, and free end is designated as M point,The first oscillating bar length is L1, and the second fork link is arranged on Q point, and free end is designated as N point, and the second oscillating bar length is L2,The first fork is connected by connecting rod with the free end of the second fork, and length of connecting rod is L, and the second fork is relative with burnishing-head of burnishing machine solidFixed connection, note the second fork and the folded acute angle of burnishing-head of burnishing machine rotating shaft are α;

Step 5.4, according to Q₁Calculate the first fork free end coordinate M while obtaining sander work₁With the second fork free end coordinate N₁；

Step 5.5, driving the first fork and the second fork turn to operating position, and portable grinder bistrique is complete.