CN110820027B - Piston and piston manufacturing method - Google Patents
Piston and piston manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110820027B CN110820027B CN201911193400.8A CN201911193400A CN110820027B CN 110820027 B CN110820027 B CN 110820027B CN 201911193400 A CN201911193400 A CN 201911193400A CN 110820027 B CN110820027 B CN 110820027B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/10—Pistons having surface coverings
- F02F3/12—Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads
- F02F3/14—Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads within combustion chambers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of engines, and discloses a piston and a piston manufacturing method. The piston includes: a piston body; the ceramic coating is arranged on the top of the piston body, and a plurality of pores are arranged in the ceramic coating; and the thermal barrier coating is covered on the ceramic coating and used for plugging pores. The piston manufacturing method comprises the following steps of preparing a piston body, wherein the piston body is made of aluminum-silicon alloy materials, converting the top of the piston body into aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide in an electrochemical mode, and forming a plurality of pores to prepare a ceramic coating; covering the surface of the ceramic coating with a thermal barrier coating to prepare the thermal barrier coating. The ceramic coating is a microscopic hole coating, the gas heat conductivity coefficient in the microscopic hole coating is extremely low, and the ceramic coating can be combined with high-temperature gas to block heat transfer to the piston, so that the heat load of the piston body is reduced. The surface of the ceramic coating is covered with a thermal barrier coating, so that the heat is prevented from directly impacting the microscopic hole coating to cause cracks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a piston and a piston manufacturing method.
Background
In an internal combustion engine, a piston is not only a structural member that reciprocates in a cylinder liner, but also serves as an important component forming a combustion chamber. As the explosion pressure of the internal combustion engine increases, the temperature of the piston also increases gradually, which requires that the piston has a better high temperature resistance so that the piston can bear a higher pressure load at high temperature, and that heat is dissipated to the cooling system through the piston.
The existing piston mainly adopts a high temperature resistant technology and a heat insulation technology, and has the following defects:
firstly, alloy elements such as copper, nickel, magnesium and the like are added on the basis of aluminum-silicon alloy to enhance the tensile strength of the piston. However, aluminum-silicon alloys have limited tensile strength due to the presence of silicon in bulk form, which cracks the aluminum matrix. Meanwhile, the temperature which the piston of the current internal combustion engine needs to bear is close to or even exceeds 380 ℃, and the material strength requirement of the internal combustion engine is not met enough only from the material perspective, so that the temperature limit which the aluminum piston can bear is reached.
Secondly, the piston adopts a gravity casting process, and because the aluminum piston solidification of the gravity casting is carried out under normal pressure, the volume expansion exists in the process that the piston is changed from a liquid state to a solid state, so that the microstructure of the piston is not compact enough.
And thirdly, coating a layer of ceramic material with low heat conductivity coefficient on the top surface of the piston by adopting a plasma spraying mode to meet the heat insulation requirement. Because the thermal insulation layer has higher thermal capacity, the temperature of the combustion chamber is increased, and simultaneously, the air inlet is heated to a larger degree, which is not beneficial to combustion, thereby affecting the performance of the internal combustion engine. Meanwhile, the situation that the coating is difficult to combine with the base body easily occurs by adopting the mode, and particularly under the conditions of thermal load and thermal shock, the thermal expansion coefficients of the heat-insulating ceramic material coating and the aluminum piston base body are inconsistent, and the problems of falling cracks and the like easily occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a piston and a piston manufacturing method, which are used for quickly absorbing heat and releasing heat, realizing heat insulation, reducing heat load and having high tensile strength.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a piston manufacturing method, comprising the steps of:
preparing a piston body, wherein the piston body is made of an aluminum-silicon alloy material;
converting the top of the piston body into alumina and silica by an electrochemical mode, and forming a plurality of pores to finish the preparation of the ceramic coating;
and covering the surface of the ceramic coating with a thermal barrier coating to finish the preparation of the thermal barrier coating.
Preferably, the electrochemical method is as follows:
placing sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solution in a container;
inserting the top of the piston body into the sodium silicate solution, electrifying, using the piston body as an anode and the container as a cathode, melting the top of the piston body by heat released by electrochemical reaction, decomposing liquid water to form the pores by the generated hydrogen, and combining the generated oxygen with the melted aluminum-silicon alloy to form alumina and silicon dioxide.
Preferably, the piston body is manufactured using a high pressure cast molding process.
Preferably, the high-pressure casting molding process comprises the following steps:
spraying a release agent in the forming die, and carrying out preheating treatment on the forming die;
smelting aluminum alloy into liquid;
pouring liquid aluminum alloy into a mold, and pouring in a high-pressure environment;
and demolding and molding the piston body.
Preferably, the loading pressure of the high-pressure environment in the high-pressure casting forming process is P, wherein P is more than or equal to 20MPa and less than or equal to 40 MPa.
Preferably, the diameter of the pores is d, the porosity of the pores is A, wherein d is more than or equal to 2 mu m and less than or equal to 10 mu m, and A is more than or equal to 40% and less than or equal to 60%.
Preferably, the thickness of the ceramic coating is d1, wherein d1 is 50 μm or less and 150 μm or less.
Preferably, the thickness of the thermal barrier coating is d2, wherein d2 is less than or equal to 10 mu m and less than or equal to 30 mu m.
Preferably, the thermal barrier coating is made of zirconium dioxide.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a piston manufactured by the above piston manufacturing method, the piston including:
a piston body;
the ceramic coating is arranged on the top of the piston body, and a plurality of pores are arranged in the ceramic coating;
a thermal barrier coating overlying the ceramic coating, the thermal barrier coating for plugging the pores.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the piston provided by the invention, the ceramic coating is arranged on the top of the piston body, the plurality of pores are arranged in the ceramic coating, and the pores in the ceramic coating can realize heat absorption and release, so that heat insulation is realized. The thermal barrier coating is covered on the ceramic coating and used for plugging pores, so that the exhaust channel is sealed, the heat conductivity coefficient load is reduced, the condition that the ceramic coating and the thermal barrier coating crack and fall off due to the fact that the thermal expansion coefficients of the ceramic coating and the thermal barrier coating are different under the heat load and thermal shock is avoided, and the tensile strength of the piston is improved.
According to the piston manufacturing method provided by the invention, the top of the piston body is processed by electrochemistry to form the ceramic coating with pores, the ceramic coating is a micro-pore coating, the heat conductivity coefficient of gas in the micro-pore coating is extremely low, and the ceramic coating is combined with the high-temperature gas to block heat transfer from the high-temperature gas to the piston, so that the temperature of the top surface of the piston body can be rapidly changed along with the change of the temperature of a combustion chamber, the trend of inlet gas heating is reduced, the heat load of the piston body is reduced, the amount of cooled engine oil can be reduced, and the piston manufacturing method is energy-saving and environment-friendly. Meanwhile, a thermal barrier coating made of zirconium dioxide is covered on the surface of the ceramic coating to form a structure for sealing air, so that the dissipation of heat in the combustion chamber is effectively blocked, the phenomenon that the heat directly impacts the microscopic hole coating to cause cracks is avoided, the thermal load is reduced, and the tensile strength of the piston is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of the piston of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a high pressure casting forming process in the piston manufacturing method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a state in which a piston body is electrochemically processed in the piston manufacturing method according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a ceramic coating layer in the piston manufacturing method of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a piston body; 2. a ceramic coating; 3. a thermal barrier coating;
21. and (4) pores.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
In internal combustion engines for motor vehicles, the piston is an important component of the combustion chamber, and the piston is required to be subjected to high pressure loads and at the same time to be cooled by heat dissipation. In order to meet the above requirements, the present embodiment provides a piston, specifically an aluminum piston, as shown in fig. 1, the piston includes a piston body 1, a ceramic coating 2 and a thermal barrier coating 3, and the piston body 1 is a component reciprocating in a cylinder liner. The top of the piston body 1 is provided with a ceramic coating 2, a plurality of pores 21 are arranged in the ceramic coating 2, the pores 21 are not communicated with each other, the ceramic coating 2 is covered with a thermal barrier coating 3, and the thermal barrier coating 3 is used for plugging the pores 21.
According to the piston provided by the embodiment, the ceramic coating 2 is arranged on the top of the piston body 1, the plurality of pores 21 are arranged in the ceramic coating 2, and the pores 21 in the ceramic coating 2 can absorb and release heat, so that heat insulation is realized. The thermal barrier coating 3 covers the ceramic coating 2, and the thermal barrier coating 3 is used for plugging the pore 21, so that the exhaust channel is sealed, the heat conductivity coefficient load is reduced, the condition that the ceramic coating 2 and the thermal barrier coating 3 crack and fall off due to the fact that the thermal expansion coefficients are different under the heat load and thermal shock is avoided, and the tensile strength of the piston is improved.
The embodiment also provides a piston manufacturing method for manufacturing the piston, which comprises the following steps:
preparing a piston body 1, wherein the piston body 1 is made of an aluminum-silicon alloy material;
electrochemically converting the Al-Si alloy material at the top of the piston body 1 into alumina and silica (Al)2O3And SiO2) And pores 21 are formed, completing the preparation of the ceramic coating 2;
covering the surface of the ceramic coating 2 with a thermal barrier coating 3 to complete the preparation of the thermal barrier coating 3, wherein the thermal barrier coating 3 is made of zirconium dioxide (ZrO)2) And (4) preparing.
The piston manufacturing method provided by the embodiment adopts electrochemistry to treat the top of the piston body 1, the ceramic coating 2 with the pores 21 is formed, the ceramic coating 2 is a microscopic pore coating, the heat conductivity coefficient of gas in the microscopic pore coating is extremely low, and the ceramic coating is combined with high-temperature fuel gas to block heat transfer to the piston, so that the temperature of the top surface of the piston body 1 can be rapidly changed along with the change of the temperature of a combustion chamber, the trend of air inlet heating is reduced, the heat load of the piston body 1 is reduced, the amount of cooled engine oil can be reduced, and the piston manufacturing method is energy-saving and environment-friendly. Meanwhile, the surface of the ceramic coating 2 is covered with a thermal barrier coating 3 made of zirconium dioxide to form a structure for sealing air, so that the dissipation of heat in the combustion chamber is effectively blocked, the phenomenon that the heat directly impacts the microscopic hole coating to cause cracks is avoided, the thermal load is reduced, and the tensile strength of the piston is improved.
Before the step of preparing the ceramic coating 2, the piston body 1 needs to be prepared, and the piston body 1 generally adopts a gravity casting process. Because in the casting process, because of the density difference of liquid and solid-state, solidify the shaping with the liquid and become solid-state, the volume expansion of piston body 1 becomes big, only relies on self gravity natural cooling, those holes can't be compensated for the microstructure of piston is compact enough.
In order to solve the problem, the piston body 1 is prepared by adopting a high-pressure casting molding process in the embodiment, the material of the piston body 1 is an aluminum alloy material, the molding and solidification processes of the molten aluminum alloy material are carried out in a high-pressure environment, and the original process of forming the piston body 1 by gravity casting and natural cooling is changed. The aluminum alloy material is filled and solidified under a high-pressure environment, namely the liquid-state forming process is carried out under the pressure which is several times of the gravity, the liquid-state aluminum alloy is pushed to flow so as to compensate holes, the microstructure is finer, the structure is more compact, and the bearable load is larger.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the high-pressure casting process is: spraying a release agent in the forming die, preheating the forming die, smelting aluminum alloy into liquid, pouring the liquid aluminum alloy into the die, pouring in a high-pressure environment, finally demoulding and forming, and casting under high pressure to form the piston body 1. It can be understood that when the solid aluminum alloy is smelted into the liquid aluminum alloy, the release agent is sprayed in the reset forming die, so that the subsequent demoulding of the piston body 1 is facilitated, then the forming die is subjected to preheating treatment, the forming effect is prevented from being influenced by the liquid aluminum alloy when the liquid aluminum alloy is cooled, and the forming quality of the piston body 1 is ensured. Then, liquid aluminum alloy is poured into the forming die and formed in a high-pressure environment, and after demolding is completed, the piston body 1 is formed.
The pressurization of the conventional die casting is only for the purpose of filling the liquid metal, and the filling pressure is generally 0.1MPa to 0.5 MPa. The loading pressure of the high-pressure environment in the high-pressure casting process provided by the embodiment is P, wherein P is not less than 20MPa and not more than 40MPa, for example, P is 25MPa, 30MPa, 35MPa, and the like. The purpose of high pressure loading is to make the liquid aluminum alloy fill the cavity of the die, and to make the liquid aluminum alloy realize the transformation from liquid to solid under the pressure environment.
Piston body 1 intensity after the high pressure casting is higher, can resist higher explosive pressure, for the ability of further improving piston body 1 anti-explosive pressure after the high pressure casting, need carry out thermal-insulated processing at piston body 1, the porosity of general thermal-insulated coating is only about 5%, when realizing thermal-insulated, and the combustion chamber temperature also risees, can cause the heating to admitting air, is unfavorable for the burning.
In order to solve this problem, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the aluminum-silicon alloy material on the top of the piston body 1 is electrochemically converted into alumina and silica, and a plurality of pores 21 are formed, and the adjacent two pores 21 are not communicated with each other. Specifically, the electrochemical method specifically comprises: sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solution are placed in a container to be used as conductive liquid. Then the top of the piston body 1 is inserted into the sodium silicate solution, after electrification, the piston body 1 is used as an anode, a container is used as a cathode, the top of the piston body 1 is melted by heat released by electrochemical reaction, liquid water is decomposed, generated hydrogen forms pores 21, and generated oxygen is combined with the melted aluminum-silicon alloy to form alumina and silicon dioxide. The preparation of the ceramic coating 2 is carried out by electrochemistry, the pores 21 in the ceramic coating 2 form a micro-pore coating, and the micro-porous structure causes the density of the ceramic coating 2 to be low, namely the ceramic material has small mass and small heat capacity in the range of the ceramic coating 2, and compared with other coatings in the same volume, the ceramic coating has lower heat capacity, namely the coating with low heat capacity.
As shown in fig. 4, the aluminum alloy material is electrochemically converted into alumina and silica, and the size and distribution of the pores 21 are adjusted by parameter control while the electrochemical reaction is performed. Optionally, the ceramic coating 2 has a thickness d1, wherein 50 μm ≦ d1 ≦ 150 μm, e.g., d1 ≦ 80 μm, 100 μm, 120 μm, etc. The pores 21 have a diameter d, wherein d is 2 μm. ltoreq. d.ltoreq.10 μm, for example, 4 μm, 6 μm, 8 μm, etc. The porosity of the pores 21 is a, 40% to a 60%, for example, 45%, 50%, 55%, etc. Compared with the prior art, the porosity of the pores 21 is increased, the air in the pores is used for absorbing and releasing heat, and the heat insulation process can be completed by quickly absorbing heat and releasing heat. When realizing thermal-insulated, avoid combustion chamber temperature to promote and lead to the fact the heating to admitting air, do benefit to and admit air abundant burning.
The surface layer of the top of the piston body 1 after ceramic is rough and has more holes, and the holes are easy to form a channel eroded by high-temperature gas. Due to the aluminum alloy ceramic alumina and silicon dioxide, the thermal conductivity of high-speed gas is hindered to be between 1W/mk and 2W/mk. A thermal barrier coating 3 made of zirconium dioxide is introduced into the ceramic surface of the top surface of the piston body 1 to close the pores of the ceramic surface, and further reduce the thermal conductivity of the piston body 1, wherein the thickness of the thermal barrier coating 3 is d2, wherein d2 is 10 μm or less and 30 μm or less, for example, d2 is 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, and the like.
According to the piston manufacturing method provided by the embodiment, high-pressure casting is adopted, electrochemical treatment, hole sealing treatment of the thermal barrier coating 3 and the like are combined, a structure with high porosity and sealed air is formed at the top of the piston body 1, dissipation of heat in a combustion chamber is effectively hindered, the tensile strength of the piston body 1 can be improved by more than 20%, and the exhaust temperature of the ceramic coating 2 can be improved by more than 30 ℃.
In the description herein, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "right", and the like are based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings and are used for convenience in description and simplicity in operation, but do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be constructed in a particular operation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have any special meaning.
In the description herein, references to the description of "an embodiment," "an example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
In addition, the foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method of manufacturing a piston, comprising the steps of:
preparing a piston body (1), wherein the piston body (1) is made of an aluminum-silicon alloy material;
converting the top of the piston body (1) into alumina and silica by an electrochemical mode, and forming a plurality of pores (21) to finish the preparation of the ceramic coating (2);
covering the surface of the ceramic coating (2) with a thermal barrier coating (3) to finish the preparation of the thermal barrier coating (3); preparing the piston body (1) by adopting a high-pressure casting molding process;
the high-pressure casting forming process comprises the following steps:
spraying a release agent in the forming die, and carrying out preheating treatment on the forming die;
smelting aluminum alloy into liquid;
pouring liquid aluminum alloy into a mold, and pouring in a high-pressure environment;
demoulding and forming the piston body (1);
the loading pressure of the high-pressure environment in the high-pressure casting forming process is P, wherein P is more than or equal to 20MPa and less than or equal to 40 MPa;
the diameter of the pore (21) is d, the porosity of the pore (21) is A, wherein d is more than or equal to 2 mu m and less than or equal to 10 mu m, and A is more than or equal to 40% and less than or equal to 60%;
the thickness of the ceramic coating (2) is d1, wherein d1 is more than or equal to 50 mu m and less than or equal to 150 mu m;
the thickness of the thermal barrier coating (3) is d2, wherein d2 is more than or equal to 10 mu m and less than or equal to 30 mu m.
2. The method of manufacturing a piston according to claim 1, wherein the electrochemical method is:
placing sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solution in a container;
inserting the top of the piston body (1) into a sodium silicate solution, electrifying, using the piston body (1) as an anode and a container as a cathode, melting the top of the piston body (1) by heat released by electrochemical reaction, decomposing liquid water, forming the pores (21) by generated hydrogen, and combining the generated oxygen with the melted aluminum-silicon alloy to form alumina and silica.
3. Method for manufacturing a piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermal barrier coating (3) is made of zirconium dioxide.
4. A piston manufactured by the piston manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
a piston body (1);
a ceramic coating (2) disposed on top of the piston body (1), a plurality of pores (21) being disposed within the ceramic coating (2);
a thermal barrier coating (3) overlying the ceramic coating (2), the thermal barrier coating (3) for plugging the pores (21).
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| CN201911193400.8A CN110820027B (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Piston and piston manufacturing method |
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| CN201911193400.8A CN110820027B (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Piston and piston manufacturing method |
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| CN110820027A CN110820027A (en) | 2020-02-21 |
| CN110820027B true CN110820027B (en) | 2021-08-20 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102943192B (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2014-05-07 | 中国兵器工业第五二研究所 | Aluminum piston manufacturing method |
| CN103042195B (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-10-29 | 北方材料科学与工程研究院有限公司 | Extrusion casting manufacture method of piston with reinforced pseudo-alloy circular groove |
| JP6178303B2 (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2017-08-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine |
| CN106194483A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-12-07 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | A kind of insulating piston |
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