CN110818439A - Method for preparing building ceramsite by using building garbage - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing building ceramsite by using building garbage, which comprises the steps of building garbage treatment, coal gangue fiber preparation, raw material preparation, granulation and roasting; the method for preparing the building ceramsite by utilizing the building garbage can obviously reduce the waste of resources caused by the space occupied by waste stacking and resources by recycling the building garbage, realize the recycling of the wastes, reduce the environmental pollution and the social ecological pressure, reduce the industrial cost, increase the income and realize sustainable development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building ceramsite, in particular to a method for preparing building ceramsite by using building garbage.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, the pace of urban construction is accelerated, more and more building wastes are generated and abandoned, and the building wastes are mainly other wastes such as muck, spoil, waste materials, sludge and the like generated in the process of construction, construction unit or individual construction, laying, dismantling and repairing of various buildings, structures and the like. China is in the period of high-speed development of economic construction, hundreds of millions of tons of construction wastes are inevitably generated every year, and if the construction wastes are not timely treated and utilized, the adverse effects on the society, the environment and resources are certainly brought.
The building ceramsite is generally prepared by adding a certain amount of auxiliary materials into main materials, pelletizing and roasting. The building ceramsite has the advantages of small density, porous interior, uniform morphological structure and certain strength and firmness, so that the building ceramsite has various properties of light weight, corrosion resistance, compression resistance, earthquake resistance, good heat insulation and the like, and can be further processed into materials for building materials, gardening and the like.
Although the performances of the building ceramsite are various at present, the weak bonding strength of the ceramsite raw materials is avoided, the raw material cost is high, and the utilization of the recycled resources is low, so that how to prepare the building ceramsite with stable performance and low cost by recycling the building garbage and adding other raw materials is very important.
Chinese patent CN102503534B discloses a spherical attapulgite construction waste ceramsite, which has the technical proposal that the spherical attapulgite construction waste ceramsite is composed of high-viscosity attapulgite clay powder, attapulgite clay tailing powder, construction waste powder, red bentonite powder, diatomite tailing powder and wood dust powder. The spherical attapulgite construction waste ceramsite is prepared by mixing, granulating, roasting, cooling, screening and packaging the ingredients of the spherical attapulgite construction waste ceramsite.
Chinese patent CN105036707B discloses a method for preparing building ceramsite by incinerating bottom ash of household garbage, relating to a preparation method of building ceramsite. 1) Mixing the household garbage incineration bottom ash and the waste glass powder to obtain mixed powder; 2) grinding the mixed powder to obtain mixed fine powder; 3) mixing industrial oil sludge with water to obtain mixed liquid; 4) and spraying the mixed liquid on the mixed fine powder to obtain small balls, calcining, and cooling to obtain the building ceramsite. 100% of solid waste is used as a raw material, and the production energy consumption is greatly reduced by adding industrial oil sludge.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides a method for preparing building ceramsite by using building garbage, which solves the problems of difficult treatment of the building garbage, resource waste, poor stability of the building ceramsite and higher raw material cost by recycling the building garbage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the method for preparing the building ceramsite by using the building garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a1, treating construction waste: collecting construction waste, removing impurities, drying for 3-8 hours at the temperature of 220-260 ℃, then crushing to 50-80 meshes, and then grinding for 6-10 hours to obtain powdery construction waste;
a2, preparation of raw materials: weighing the following raw materials, namely nano silicon dioxide, modified kaolin, nano titanium dioxide, sericite powder, waste stone powder, attapulgite powder, fly ash, mudstone and the powdery construction waste obtained in the step A1 for later use;
a3, granulating: mixing the nano-silica, the modified kaolin, the nano-titanium dioxide, the sericite powder, the waste stone powder, the attapulgite powder, the fly ash and the mudstone weighed in the step A2 with the mixture obtained in the step A1, and stirring for 1 to 1.5 hours to obtain a mixed material;
a4, roasting: and (3) feeding the mixed material obtained in the step A3 into a granulator for granulation, wherein the diameter of the granules is 1-5 mm, feeding the obtained granules into a rotary kiln for roasting, and cooling to obtain the building ceramsite.
Further, in a1, the construction waste is any one of waste concrete, waste bricks, waste tiles, waste muck, waste ceramics and waste glass.
Further, in a2, the preparation method of the modified kaolin comprises: adding kaolin into a titanate coupling agent and ethanol at a mass ratio of 0.5: 3-4, stirring for 40-60 minutes, then carrying out suction filtration, and drying filter residues for 20-30 minutes to obtain the modified kaolin. The modified kaolin can enhance the dispersion uniformity of the raw materials of the fire-resistant coating, improve the stability of the system and improve the mechanical property of the fire-resistant coating.
Further, the ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 20 to 30 minutes after the stirring for 40 to 60 minutes.
Further, the drying temperature is 95 ℃ to 115 ℃.
Further, in A2, the following raw materials are weighed according to parts by weight: 1.2 to 1.6 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 2.5 to 3.5 parts of modified kaolin, 1.6 to 2.4 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 3.5 to 4.5 parts of sericite powder, 10 to 15 parts of waste stone powder, 2.2 to 2.8 parts of attapulgite powder, 4.5 to 6.5 parts of fly ash, 2.3 to 2.8 parts of mudstone and 30 to 45 parts of powdered construction waste obtained in the step A1.
Furthermore, the following raw materials are weighed according to parts by weight: 1.3 to 1.5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 2.7 to 3.2 parts of modified kaolin, 1.8 to 2.2 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 3.7 to 4.3 parts of sericite powder, 11 to 14 parts of waste stone powder, 2.4 to 2.6 parts of attapulgite powder, 5.0 to 6.0 parts of fly ash, 2.4 to 2.7 parts of mudstone and 35 to 40 parts of powdered construction waste obtained in the step A1.
According to the invention, the powdery building waste is selected from the raw materials for preparing the building ceramsite by utilizing the building waste, so that the building ceramsite has better dispersibility, the mechanical strength and stability of the building ceramsite are enhanced by adding the nano-silica and the modified kaolin, the toughness and the impact strength of the building ceramsite are increased by adding the nano-titanium dioxide, the bonding strength of the raw materials is increased by adding the sericite powder, the system stability is ensured, the waste stone powder, the attapulgite powder, the fly ash and the mudstone are added, the comprehensive strength of the building ceramsite is improved, and the compressive capacity is improved.
Further, in a4, the specific process of roasting is as follows: preheating for 30-35 minutes at the temperature of 420-460 ℃, roasting for 2-5 hours at the temperature of 650-850 ℃, and then preserving heat for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 450-480 ℃.
The invention also aims to provide the building ceramsite prepared by the preparation method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the method for preparing the building ceramsite by using the building garbage, the waste of resources caused by the space occupied by waste stacking and resources can be obviously reduced by recycling the building garbage, the environmental pollution and the social and ecological pressure are reduced by recycling the wastes, the industrial cost is reduced, the income is increased, and the sustainable development is realized;
(2) the method for preparing the building ceramsite by utilizing the building garbage recycles the building garbage, adds raw materials such as modified kaolin, sericite powder and nano titanium dioxide, and the building ceramsite prepared by roasting step by step has the characteristics of light weight, high strength, stable chemical property, low water absorption and high waste utilization rate;
(3) the method for preparing the building ceramsite by using the building garbage has the advantages of simple preparation process, strong operability, strong process environmental friendliness, capability of effectively reducing environmental pollution and resource waste and suitability for popularization because the recycled waste is added into the raw materials, and the cost of the raw materials is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the improvement of the building ceramsite prepared by using the construction waste in the embodiments 1 to 5 of the present invention, the performance test results of the building ceramsite prepared by using the method for preparing the building ceramsite prepared by using the construction waste in the embodiments 1 to 5 of the present invention are shown in the attached chart. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows the results of detecting the bulk density of building ceramsite prepared by using building waste in examples 1-5 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the detection results of the compressive strength of the building ceramsite prepared by using the building garbage in the embodiments 1-5 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the water absorption test results of the building ceramsite prepared by using the building garbage in embodiments 1-5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the technical solutions of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention.
It should be noted that the described embodiments of the invention are only preferred ways of implementing the invention, and that all obvious modifications, which are within the scope of the invention, are all included in the present general inventive concept.
Example 1
Method for preparing building ceramsite by using building garbage
The method comprises the following steps:
a1, treating construction waste: collecting construction waste, removing impurities, drying for 3 hours at the temperature of 220 ℃, then crushing to 50 meshes, and then grinding for 6 hours to obtain powdery construction waste; wherein the construction waste is waste concrete;
a2, preparation of raw materials: weighing the following raw materials, namely nano silicon dioxide, modified kaolin, nano titanium dioxide, sericite powder, waste stone powder, attapulgite powder, fly ash, mudstone and the powdery construction waste obtained in the step A1 for later use; the preparation method of the modified kaolin comprises the following steps: adding kaolin into a titanate coupling agent and ethanol at a mass ratio of 0.5: 3, stirring for 40 minutes, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 20 minutes, performing suction filtration, and drying filter residues for 20 minutes at the temperature of 95 ℃ to obtain the modified kaolin;
the following raw materials are weighed according to parts by weight: 1.2kg of nano silicon dioxide, 2.5kg of modified kaolin, 1.6kg of nano titanium dioxide, 3.5kg of sericite powder, 10kg of waste stone powder, 2.2kg of attapulgite powder, 4.5kg of fly ash, 2.3kg of mudstone and 30kg of powdered construction waste obtained in the step A1.
A3, granulating: mixing the nano-silica, the modified kaolin, the nano-titanium dioxide, the sericite powder, the waste stone powder, the attapulgite powder, the fly ash and the mudstone weighed in the step A2 with the mixture obtained in the step A1, and stirring for 1 hour to obtain a mixed material;
a4, roasting: and (3) feeding the mixed material obtained in the step A3 into a granulator for granulation, wherein the diameter of the granules is 1mm, feeding the obtained granules into a rotary kiln for roasting, and cooling to obtain the building ceramsite.
The roasting process comprises the following steps: the material is preheated for 30 minutes at the temperature of 420 ℃, then roasted for 2 hours at the temperature of 650 ℃, and then kept warm for 1 hour at the temperature of 450 ℃.
Example 2
Method for preparing building ceramsite by using building garbage
The method comprises the following steps:
a1, treating construction waste: collecting construction waste, removing impurities, drying for 8 hours at the temperature of 260 ℃, then crushing to 80 meshes, and then grinding for 10 hours to obtain powdery construction waste; wherein the construction waste is waste bricks;
a2, preparation of raw materials: weighing the following raw materials, namely nano silicon dioxide, modified kaolin, nano titanium dioxide, sericite powder, waste stone powder, attapulgite powder, fly ash, mudstone and the powdery construction waste obtained in the step A1 for later use; the preparation method of the modified kaolin comprises the following steps: adding kaolin into a titanate coupling agent and ethanol at a mass ratio of 0.5: 4, stirring for 60 minutes, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 30 minutes, performing suction filtration, and drying filter residues for 30 minutes at the temperature of 115 ℃ to obtain the modified kaolin;
the following raw materials are weighed according to parts by weight: 1.6kg of nano silicon dioxide, 3.5kg of modified kaolin, 2.4kg of nano titanium dioxide, 4.5kg of sericite powder, 15kg of waste stone powder, 2.8kg of attapulgite powder, 6.5kg of fly ash, 2.8kg of mudstone and 45kg of powdered construction waste obtained in the step A1.
A3, granulating: mixing the nano-silica, the modified kaolin, the nano-titanium dioxide, the sericite powder, the waste stone powder, the attapulgite powder, the fly ash and the mudstone weighed in the step A2 with the mixture obtained in the step A1, and stirring for 1.5 hours to obtain a mixed material;
a4, roasting: and (3) feeding the mixed material obtained in the step A3 into a granulator for granulation, wherein the diameter of the granules is 5mm, feeding the obtained granules into a rotary kiln for roasting, and cooling to obtain the building ceramsite.
The roasting process comprises the following steps: the material is preheated at 460 ℃ for 35 minutes, then roasted at 850 ℃ for 5 hours, and then kept at 480 ℃ for 2 hours.
Example 3
Method for preparing building ceramsite by using building garbage
The method comprises the following steps:
a1, treating construction waste: collecting construction waste, removing impurities, drying for 4 hours at the temperature of 230 ℃, then crushing to 60 meshes, and then grinding for 7 hours to obtain powdery construction waste; wherein the construction waste is waste tiles;
a2, preparation of raw materials: weighing the following raw materials, namely nano silicon dioxide, modified kaolin, nano titanium dioxide, sericite powder, waste stone powder, attapulgite powder, fly ash, mudstone and the powdery construction waste obtained in the step A1 for later use; the preparation method of the modified kaolin comprises the following steps: adding kaolin into a titanate coupling agent and ethanol at a mass ratio of 0.5: 3.2, stirring for 45 minutes, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 22 minutes, performing suction filtration, and drying filter residues for 22 minutes at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain the modified kaolin;
the following raw materials are weighed according to parts by weight: 1.3kg of nano silicon dioxide, 2.7kg of modified kaolin, 1.8kg of nano titanium dioxide, 3.7kg of sericite powder, 11kg of waste stone powder, 2.4kg of attapulgite powder, 5.0kg of fly ash, 2.4kg of mudstone and 35kg of powdered construction waste obtained in the step A1.
A3, granulating: mixing the nano-silica, the modified kaolin, the nano-titanium dioxide, the sericite powder, the waste stone powder, the attapulgite powder, the fly ash and the mudstone weighed in the step A2 with the mixture obtained in the step A1, and stirring for 1.1 hours to obtain a mixed material;
a4, roasting: and (3) feeding the mixed material obtained in the step A3 into a granulator for granulation, wherein the diameter of the granules is 2mm, feeding the obtained granules into a rotary kiln for roasting, and cooling to obtain the building ceramsite.
The roasting process comprises the following steps: the material is preheated for 31 minutes at the temperature of 430 ℃, then roasted for 3 hours at the temperature of 700 ℃, and then kept for 1.2 hours at the temperature of 460 ℃.
Example 4
Method for preparing building ceramsite by using building garbage
The method comprises the following steps:
a1, treating construction waste: collecting construction waste, removing impurities, drying for 7 hours at the temperature of 250 ℃, then crushing to 70 meshes, and then grinding for 9 hours to obtain powdery construction waste; wherein the construction waste is waste glass;
a2, preparation of raw materials: weighing the following raw materials, namely nano silicon dioxide, modified kaolin, nano titanium dioxide, sericite powder, waste stone powder, attapulgite powder, fly ash, mudstone and the powdery construction waste obtained in the step A1 for later use; the preparation method of the modified kaolin comprises the following steps: adding kaolin into a titanate coupling agent and ethanol at a mass ratio of 0.5: 3, stirring for 50 minutes, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 28 minutes, performing suction filtration, and drying filter residues for 28 minutes at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain the modified kaolin;
the following raw materials are weighed according to parts by weight: 1.5kg of nano silicon dioxide, 3.2kg of modified kaolin, 2.2kg of nano titanium dioxide, 4.3kg of sericite powder, 14kg of waste stone powder, 2.6kg of attapulgite powder, 6.0kg of fly ash, 2.7kg of mudstone and 40kg of powdered construction waste obtained in the step A1.
A3, granulating: mixing the nano-silica, the modified kaolin, the nano-titanium dioxide, the sericite powder, the waste stone powder, the attapulgite powder, the fly ash and the mudstone weighed in the step A2 with the mixture obtained in the step A1, and stirring for 1.4 hours to obtain a mixed material;
a4, roasting: and (3) feeding the mixed material obtained in the step A3 into a granulator for granulation, wherein the diameter of the granules is 4mm, feeding the obtained granules into a rotary kiln for roasting, and cooling to obtain the building ceramsite.
The roasting process comprises the following steps: the material is preheated at 450 deg.c for 34 min, roasted at 800 deg.c for 4 hr and maintained at 470 deg.c for 1.8 hr.
Example 5
Method for preparing building ceramsite by using building garbage
The method comprises the following steps:
a1, treating construction waste: collecting construction waste, removing impurities, drying at 240 ℃ for 5 hours, then crushing to 60 meshes, and then grinding for 8 hours to obtain powdery construction waste; wherein the construction waste is waste ceramic;
a2, preparation of raw materials: weighing the following raw materials, namely nano silicon dioxide, modified kaolin, nano titanium dioxide, sericite powder, waste stone powder, attapulgite powder, fly ash, mudstone and the powdery construction waste obtained in the step A1 for later use; the preparation method of the modified kaolin comprises the following steps: adding kaolin into a titanate coupling agent and ethanol at a mass ratio of 0.5: 3, stirring for 50 minutes, performing ultrasonic dispersion for 25 minutes, performing suction filtration, and drying filter residues for 25 minutes at the temperature of 105 ℃ to obtain the modified kaolin;
the following raw materials are weighed according to parts by weight: 1.4kg of nano silicon dioxide, 3.0kg of modified kaolin, 2.0kg of nano titanium dioxide, 4.0kg of sericite powder, 12kg of waste stone powder, 2.5kg of attapulgite powder, 5.5kg of fly ash, 2.5kg of mudstone and 38kg of powdered construction waste obtained in the step A1.
A3, granulating: mixing the nano-silica, the modified kaolin, the nano-titanium dioxide, the sericite powder, the waste stone powder, the attapulgite powder, the fly ash and the mudstone weighed in the step A2 with the mixture obtained in the step A1, and stirring for 1.3 hours to obtain a mixed material;
a4, roasting: and (3) feeding the mixed material obtained in the step A3 into a granulator for granulation, feeding the obtained granules into a rotary kiln for roasting, and cooling to obtain the building ceramsite.
The roasting process comprises the following steps: the material is preheated for 33 minutes at the temperature of 440 ℃, then roasted for 3.5 hours at the temperature of 750 ℃, and then kept warm for 1.5 hours at the temperature of 465 ℃.
Examples of the experiments
The building ceramsite prepared by the preparation method of the embodiment 1-5 is respectively measured for bulk density, compressive strength and water absorption;
wherein the bulk density (unit: kg/m)3) The detection result is shown in the attached figure 1 of the specification:
the detection result of the compressive strength (unit: MPa) is shown in the attached figure 2 of the specification:
the water absorption (unit:%) is shown in figure 3 of the attached drawings.
As can be seen from the results of figures 1 to 3 in the attached drawings, the building ceramsite prepared by the preparation method of the embodiment 1 to 5 is moderate in bulk density, good in compressive strength and low in water absorption, can be used for preparing building materials used in various environments, has certain wear resistance and is suitable for popularization.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for preparing the building ceramsite by using the building garbage is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a1, treating construction waste: collecting construction waste, removing impurities, drying for 3-8 hours at the temperature of 220-260 ℃, then crushing to 50-80 meshes, and then grinding for 6-10 hours to obtain powdery construction waste;
a2, preparation of raw materials: weighing the following raw materials, namely nano silicon dioxide, modified kaolin, nano titanium dioxide, sericite powder, waste stone powder, attapulgite powder, fly ash, mudstone and the powdery construction waste obtained in the step A1 for later use;
a3, granulating: mixing the nano-silica, the modified kaolin, the nano-titanium dioxide, the sericite powder, the waste stone powder, the attapulgite powder, the fly ash and the mudstone weighed in A2 with the powdery construction waste obtained in the step A1, and stirring for 1-1.5 hours to obtain a mixed material;
a4, roasting: and (3) feeding the mixed material obtained in the step A3 into a granulator for granulation, wherein the diameter of the granules is 1-5 mm, feeding the obtained granules into a rotary kiln for roasting, and cooling to obtain the building ceramsite.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in A1, the construction waste is any one of waste concrete, waste brick, waste tile, waste residue soil, waste ceramic and waste glass.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in A2, the modified kaolin is prepared by the following steps: adding kaolin into a titanate coupling agent and ethanol at a mass ratio of 0.5: 3-4, stirring for 40-60 minutes, then carrying out suction filtration, and drying filter residues for 20-30 minutes to obtain the modified kaolin.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the stirring is carried out for 40 to 60 minutes followed by ultrasonic dispersion for 20 to 30 minutes.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the drying temperature is 95 ℃ to 115 ℃.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in A2, the following raw materials are weighed according to parts by weight: 1.2 to 1.6 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 2.5 to 3.5 parts of modified kaolin, 1.6 to 2.4 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 3.5 to 4.5 parts of sericite powder, 10 to 15 parts of waste stone powder, 2.2 to 2.8 parts of attapulgite powder, 4.5 to 6.5 parts of fly ash, 2.3 to 2.8 parts of mudstone and 30 to 45 parts of powdered construction waste obtained in the step A1.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the following raw materials are weighed in parts by weight: 1.3 to 1.5 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 2.7 to 3.2 parts of modified kaolin, 1.8 to 2.2 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 3.7 to 4.3 parts of sericite powder, 11 to 14 parts of waste stone powder, 2.4 to 2.6 parts of attapulgite powder, 5.0 to 6.0 parts of fly ash, 2.4 to 2.7 parts of mudstone and 35 to 40 parts of powdered construction waste obtained in the step A1.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in A4, the roasting process is as follows: preheating for 30-35 minutes at the temperature of 420-460 ℃, roasting for 2-5 hours at the temperature of 650-850 ℃, and then preserving heat for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 450-480 ℃.
9. The building ceramsite is characterized by being prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-8.
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| CN113800948A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2021-12-17 | 安徽理工大学 | High-content manganese slag compound residue soil and coal-series waste high-strength porous heat-insulation ceramsite and preparation method thereof |
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