CN110818313A - Dry-mixed mortar and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Dry-mixed mortar and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110818313A CN110818313A CN201911206970.6A CN201911206970A CN110818313A CN 110818313 A CN110818313 A CN 110818313A CN 201911206970 A CN201911206970 A CN 201911206970A CN 110818313 A CN110818313 A CN 110818313A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0042—Powdery mixtures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
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Abstract
The invention provides dry powder mortar which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material, 20-30 parts of expanded vermiculite, 25-35 parts of hollow glass beads, 5-12 parts of medium sand, 7-18 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 15-30 parts of gypsum, 5-10 parts of EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) rubber powder, 3-7 parts of styrene, 3-7 parts of chloride antifreezing agent, 1-5 parts of aliphatic series water reducing agent, 10-20 parts of fly ash and 10-15 parts of mineral admixture. The invention has the advantages of good cohesiveness, high strength, strong waterproof capability, good heat-preservation and fireproof effects and wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to dry powder mortar and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The dry powder mortar is a granular or powdery material which is formed by physically mixing dry and screened fine aggregate, inorganic cementing material, water-retaining thickening material, mineral admixture and additive according to a certain proportion, and is transported to a construction site in a bag or bulk form, and the material can be directly used after being mixed with water. Compared with the traditional on-site stirring mortar, the dry powder mortar has the following advantages: (1) the quality is excellent; (2) the variety is rich; (3) the construction performance is good; (4) the use is convenient; (5) the environment is protected; (6) and (4) economy.
Common building heat-insulating materials are mainly divided into organic materials, such as polystyrene boards, polyurethane, rubber powder particles and the like; and inorganic materials such as aerated concrete, rock wool and vitrified micro bubbles. Because the organic material products have the advantages of light weight, low heat conductivity coefficient and good heat preservation effect, the current building heat preservation products in China are mainly organic materials and are widely applied to northern cold areas. However, the organic material heat insulating material has poor high temperature resistance and fire prevention effect, and once caused fire disasters in the Shanghai, Shenyang and other places, the application of the organic material in high-rise buildings is forcibly prohibited by the nation.
The inorganic thermal insulation mortar is composed of non-combustible inorganic materials, has higher safety than organic materials, and is mainly divided into expanded perlite thermal insulation mortar and vitrified micro-bead thermal insulation mortar. The expanded perlite thermal insulation mortar has the advantages of high water absorption, easy pulverization, high volume loss rate in slurry construction, low later strength of products, hollowing and cracking, reduction of thermal insulation performance and the like. The vitrified microsphere thermal insulation mortar is a novel inorganic thermal insulation mortar material which is formed by mixing vitrified microsphere serving as a light aggregate and an additive according to a certain proportion, and has the advantages of stable thermal insulation performance, good construction performance, small shrinkage, good freezing resistance and the like. However, the vitrified micro bubble thermal mortar has the defects of low strength, long solidification time and the like, and the solidification time generally exceeds 12 hours, so that the construction period is relatively prolonged.
In patent application No. 201410233074, the strength of the high-strength vitrified micro bubble heat-insulating fireproof mortar is increased by adding polypropylene fibers and the like to prepare the high-strength heat-insulating fireproof mortar, but the polypropylene fibers are organic materials and belong to combustible materials, so that the fireproof temperature of the fireproof mortar is relatively low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide dry powder mortar and a preparation method thereof, which have the advantages of good mechanical property, short setting time, good cohesiveness, high strength, strong waterproof capability and good heat-preservation and fireproof effects.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention provides dry powder mortar which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-150 parts of modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material, 20-30 parts of expanded vermiculite, 25-35 parts of hollow glass beads, 5-12 parts of medium sand, 7-18 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 15-30 parts of gypsum, 5-10 parts of EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) rubber powder, 3-7 parts of styrene, 3-7 parts of chloride antifreezing agent, 1-5 parts of aliphatic series water reducing agent, 10-20 parts of fly ash and 10-15 parts of mineral admixture; the mineral admixture comprises 15-30 parts of ground blast furnace slag, 5-10 parts of bentonite, 7-12 parts of ground calcium carbonate, 3-10 parts of talcum powder, 10-15 parts of basalt, 3-7 parts of washed sand, 20-30 parts of polyethylene glycol 40020 and 120 parts of water 100-; the mineral admixture is prepared by the following method: further grinding and crushing the ground blast furnace slag, bentonite, basalt, washed sand and ground limestone and sieving the ground blast furnace slag, the bentonite, the basalt, the washed sand and the ground limestone with a 500-mesh sieve to obtain powder, mixing and stirring the powder with talcum powder, polyethylene glycol 400 and water for 30-50min, performing swing granulation, sintering solid particles at the temperature of 1200-1500 ℃ for 2-3h, cooling, crushing and sieving the particles with a 500-mesh sieve to obtain a mineral admixture; the medium sand is common sand with the grain diameter of 0.13-0.66mm, the water content of 0, the mud content of 3.5 percent and the fineness modulus of 2.2-2.5; the particle size of the hollow glass bead is 100-200 mu m, and the wall thickness is 1-2 mu m.
As a further improvement of the invention, the modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material is prepared by the following method:
s1, modification of diatomite: pouring diatomite into an ethanol water solution, adding a silane coupling agent, uniformly stirring, pretreating for 30-60min, putting the modified diatomite into a drying oven, and drying in vacuum for 1-2h at the temperature of 60 ℃;
s2 preparation of component A: taking out the modified diatomite, adding the modified diatomite into polyether polyol, adding a catalyst, and fully stirring for later use;
s3 preparation of the component B: weighing polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate for later use;
s4, preparing the modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material: and rapidly stirring and mixing the prepared component A and the component B, pouring the mixture into a cylindrical steel mould, demoulding after the mixture is solidified and formed, putting the demoulded mixture into water, and solidifying the demoulded mixture for 1 to 3 hours under the drying condition of different temperatures of 30 ℃.
As a further improvement of the invention, the mass fraction of ethanol in the ethanol solution in the step S1 is 75-80%.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the step S2, the polyether polyol is polyether polyol GR4110B and/or polyether polyol TMN450, the hydroxyl value of the polyether polyol GR4110B is 550mgKOH/g, and the hydroxyl value of the polyether polyol TMN450 is 220 mgKOH/g.
As a further improvement of the invention, in step S2, the catalyst is one or more selected from dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous isooctanoate, triethylenediamine, dimethylethanolamine, bis (dimethylaminoethyl) ether, N-ethyl morpholine, N' -dimethylpiperazine and N-methyloxymorpholine.
As a further improvement of the invention, the stirring rotation speed in steps S1 and S2 is 700r/min, and the rapid stirring rotation speed in step S4 is 1200 r/min.
As a further improvement of the invention, the silane coupling agent is selected from one or a mixture of more of KH550, KH560, A-1110, A-1120, A-2120, A-1170 and A-187.
As a further improvement of the invention, the mass ratio of the diatomite to the silane coupling agent is 1: (0.2-0.5), wherein the mass ratio of the modified diatomite, the polyether polyol, the polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate and the catalyst is 100: (22-30): (20-25): (0.5-1).
The invention further provides a preparation method of the dry-mixed mortar, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing the medium sand, the mineral admixture, the expanded vermiculite and the fly ash in a mixing device, wherein the mixing temperature is 50 ℃;
s2, adding EVA rubber powder, styrene, a chloride antifreezing agent, an aliphatic water reducing agent and sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the mixing device, continuously stirring, and stirring at the same temperature for 4 minutes;
and S3, adding the modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material, the gypsum and the hollow glass beads into the mixing device, continuously stirring, and continuously stirring for 3 minutes to fully and uniformly mix to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
As a further improvement of the invention, the mixing device is a mixing device for producing and processing dry powder mortar, the mixing speed is 1000-, the second transmission rod is fixedly connected with the left end of the second spiral belt near the left end, the right end of the first transmission rod penetrates through the right side wall of the first mixing barrel and is fixedly sleeved with a first gear, the left end of the second transmission rod penetrates through the left side wall of the second mixing barrel and is fixedly sleeved with a second gear, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the transmission ratio of the first gear to the second gear is 1:2, the coarse mixing and the mixing of the dry powder mortar are realized through a first stirring rod and the first spiral belt in a first mixing mechanism arranged in the first mixing barrel, the dry powder mortar is fed into the second mixing barrel through a feeding pipe under the drive of the first spiral belt, the first gear on the first transmission rod drives the second gear to rotate rapidly to drive the second transmission rod to rotate rapidly so as to realize the rapid mixing of the second stirring rod and the second spiral belt, and the dry powder mortar is conveyed rightwards under the drive of the second spiral belt so as to realize the automatic discharging, the efficiency of mixing processing of dry powder mortar is greatly improved by continuously mixing and automatically discharging the dry powder mortar.
As a further improvement of the invention, one end of the discharge cover is sleeved at the right end of the second mixing cylinder, and the lower side surface of the discharge cover is provided with a discharge square tube, so that the dry-mixed mortar is discharged through the discharge square tube arranged on the discharge cover.
As a further improvement of the invention, the front side and the rear side of the first mixing cylinder are respectively provided with a first fixing plate, the lower end surface of the first fixing plate is provided with a first roller, and the first mixing cylinder is movably supported by the first fixing plate and the first roller.
As a further improvement of the invention, the front side and the rear side of the second mixing cylinder are respectively provided with a second fixing plate, the lower end surface of each fixing plate is provided with a second roller, and the second mixing cylinder is movably supported by the second fixing plate and the second rollers.
As a further improvement of the invention, one side of the first mixing barrel is provided with a dust collection mechanism, the dust collection mechanism comprises a dust collection cover, the dust collection cover is arranged on one side of the upper port of the hopper, a fan is arranged on the inner side of the dust collection cover, one end of the dust collection cover is connected with a filter box through a vertical exhaust pipe, one end of the filter box is provided with an exhaust port close to the upper end, a filter plate is arranged at the exhaust port, the other end of the filter box is provided with an opened door plate close to the lower end, and the dust floating on the upper port of the hopper is sucked away by the dust collection cover driven by the arranged fan and is filtered and purified in the filter box through the exhaust pipe.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention greatly improves the fire-proof temperature of the mortar by using the expanded vermiculite as the raw material, so that the fire-proof temperature can reach 1200 ℃, and the fire-proof performance can reach A1 grade; meanwhile, the solidification time of the mortar is reduced, and the construction period is effectively shortened;
2. according to the invention, the compression strength of the mortar is greatly improved by using the gypsum, the coal ash, the medium sand and the blast furnace slag, so that not only can the energy consumption be saved, but also the production cost is reduced, and the cyclic utilization of ash slag, energy conservation and environmental protection are realized;
3. the polyurethane/diatomite composite material prepared by the invention has excellent heat preservation characteristic of polyurethane, meanwhile, the diatomite is subjected to surface modification by the silane coupling agent to be fully connected with the polyurethane, the prepared material has excellent mechanical property and cohesiveness, and the contained diatomite does not contain toxic and harmful substances, is wear-resistant, is not easy to pulverize, can purify air, and is green and environment-friendly;
4. the mineral admixture, the EVA rubber powder and the carboxymethyl cellulose can form a layer of compact reticular structure with other materials through the interaction of the solvent, the strength is high, the cohesiveness is durable, and the powder on the wall surface is not easy to fall off;
5. according to the invention, the dry powder mortar is coarsely stirred and mixed through the first stirring rod and the first spiral belt in the first mixing mechanism arranged in the first mixing cylinder, and is fed into the second mixing cylinder through the feeding pipe under the driving of the first spiral belt, the first gear on the first transmission rod drives the second gear to rapidly rotate to drive the second transmission rod to rapidly stir and mix, and the dry powder mortar is conveyed rightwards under the driving of the second spiral belt to realize automatic discharging, so that the continuous mixing and automatic discharging of the dry powder mortar are realized, and the efficiency of the mixing processing of the dry powder mortar is greatly improved.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of good cohesiveness, high strength, strong waterproof capability, good heat-preservation and fireproof effects and wide application prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a mixing device for producing and processing dry powder mortar, which is disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mixing device for producing and processing dry-mixed mortar, which is disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a discharge cover of the mixing device for dry-mixed mortar production and processing, which is disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first mixing mechanism of the mixing device for producing and processing dry powder mortar, which is disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second mixing mechanism of the mixing device for dry-mixed mortar production and processing, which is disclosed by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a dust collection mechanism of the mixing device for producing and processing dry-mixed mortar, which is disclosed by the invention.
FIG. 7 is a table of performance tests according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a dust suction mechanism; 110. a dust hood; 120. a fan; 130. an exhaust pipe; 140. a filter box; 150. a filter plate; 2. a hopper; 3. a second mixing barrel; 4. a first roller; 5. a first mixing barrel; 6. a first fixing plate; 7. a second fixing plate; 8. a second roller; 9. a discharge hood; 91. discharging square tubes; 10. a first mixing mechanism; 101. a first drive lever; 102. a first stirring rod; 103. a first helical band; 11. a feed pipe; 12. a second mixing mechanism; 121. a second transmission rod; 122. a second stirring rod; 123. a second helical band.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material, 20 parts of expanded vermiculite, 25 parts of hollow glass beads, 5 parts of medium sand, 7 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 15 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of EVA rubber powder, 3 parts of styrene, 3 parts of chloride antifreezing agent, 1 part of aliphatic water reducing agent, 10 parts of fly ash and 10 parts of mineral admixture.
The mineral admixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of ground blast furnace slag, 5 parts of bentonite, 7 parts of ground calcium carbonate, 3 parts of talcum powder, 10 parts of basalt, 3 parts of washed sand, 20 parts of polyethylene glycol 40020 parts and 100 parts of water.
The mineral admixture is prepared by the following method: further grinding and crushing the ground blast furnace slag, bentonite, basalt, washed sand and ground limestone, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, mixing the obtained powder with talcum powder, polyethylene glycol 400 and water, stirring for 30min, performing swing granulation, sintering the solid particles at 1200 ℃ for 2h, cooling, crushing, and sieving with a 500-mesh sieve to obtain the mineral admixture.
The medium sand is common sand with the grain diameter of 0.13-0.66mm, the water content of 0, the mud content of 3.5 percent and the fineness modulus of 2.2.
The particle size of the hollow glass beads is 100-200 μm, and the wall thickness is 1-2 μm.
The modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material is prepared by the following method:
s1, modification of diatomite: pouring 100g of diatomite into 200mL of 75% ethanol aqueous solution with mass fraction, adding 20g of silane coupling agent KH550, uniformly stirring at 5000r/min, pretreating for 30min, putting the modified diatomite into a drying oven, and drying for 1h under vacuum at 60 ℃;
s2 preparation of component A: taking out 100g of modified diatomite, adding the diatomite into 22g of polyether polyol TMN450 (hydroxyl value is 220 mgKOH/g), adding 0.5g of stannous isooctanoate, and fully stirring at 500r/min for later use;
s3 preparation of the component B: weighing 20g of polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate for later use;
s4, preparing the modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material: the prepared component A and the component B are quickly stirred and mixed (the rotating speed is 1000 r/min), poured into a cylindrical steel mould, demoulded after being solidified and formed, put into water and solidified for 1h under the drying condition of different temperatures of 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the dry powder mortar comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing the medium sand, the mineral admixture, the expanded vermiculite and the fly ash in a mixing device (the rotating speed is 1000 r/min), wherein the stirring temperature is 50 ℃;
s2, adding EVA rubber powder, styrene, a chloride antifreezing agent, an aliphatic water reducing agent and sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the mixing device, continuously stirring, and stirring at the same temperature for 4 minutes;
and S3, adding the modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material, the gypsum and the hollow glass beads into the mixing device, continuously stirring, and continuously stirring for 3 minutes to fully and uniformly mix to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Example 2
The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 150 parts of modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material, 30 parts of expanded vermiculite, 35 parts of hollow glass beads, 12 parts of medium sand, 18 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 30 parts of gypsum, 10 parts of EVA rubber powder, 7 parts of styrene, 7 parts of chloride antifreezing agent, 5 parts of aliphatic water reducing agent, 20 parts of fly ash and 15 parts of mineral admixture.
The mineral admixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of ground blast furnace slag, 10 parts of bentonite, 12 parts of ground calcium carbonate, 10 parts of talcum powder, 15 parts of basalt, 7 parts of washed sand, 30 parts of polyethylene glycol 400and 120 parts of water.
The mineral admixture is prepared by the following method: further grinding and crushing the ground blast furnace slag, bentonite, basalt, washed sand and ground limestone, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, mixing the obtained powder with talcum powder, polyethylene glycol 400 and water, stirring for 50min, performing swing granulation, sintering the solid particles at the temperature of 1200-1500 ℃ for 3h, cooling, crushing, and sieving with a 500-mesh sieve to obtain the mineral admixture.
The medium sand is common sand with the grain diameter of 0.13-0.66mm, the water content of 0, the mud content of 3.5 percent and the fineness modulus of 2.5.
The particle size of the hollow glass beads is 100-200 μm, and the wall thickness is 1-2 μm.
The modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material is prepared by the following method:
s1, modification of diatomite: pouring 100g of diatomite into 200mL of 80% ethanol aqueous solution with mass fraction, adding 50g of silane coupling agent KH560, uniformly stirring at 700r/min, pretreating for 60min, putting the modified diatomite into a drying oven, and drying for 2h under vacuum at 60 ℃;
s2 preparation of component A: taking out 100g of modified diatomite, adding 30g of polyether polyol GR4110B (the hydroxyl value is 550 mgKOH/g), adding 1g of triethylene diamine, and fully stirring at 700r/min for later use;
s3 preparation of the component B: weighing 25g of polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate for later use;
s4, preparing the modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material: and rapidly stirring and mixing the prepared component A and the component B (the rotating speed is 1200 r/min), pouring the mixture into a cylindrical steel mould, demoulding after the mixture is solidified and formed, putting the demoulded mixture into water, and solidifying the mixture for 3 hours under the drying condition of different temperatures and 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the dry powder mortar comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing the medium sand, the mineral admixture, the expanded vermiculite and the fly ash in a mixing device (the rotating speed is 1200 r/min), wherein the stirring temperature is 50 ℃;
s2, adding EVA rubber powder, styrene, a chloride antifreezing agent, an aliphatic water reducing agent and sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the mixing device, continuously stirring, and stirring at the same temperature for 4 minutes;
and S3, adding the modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material, the gypsum and the hollow glass beads into the mixing device, continuously stirring, and continuously stirring for 3 minutes to fully and uniformly mix to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Example 3
The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 125 parts of modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material, 25 parts of expanded vermiculite, 30 parts of hollow glass beads, 10 parts of medium sand, 12 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 22 parts of gypsum, 7 parts of EVA rubber powder, 5 parts of styrene, 5 parts of chloride antifreezing agent, 3 parts of aliphatic water reducing agent, 15 parts of fly ash and 12 parts of mineral admixture.
The mineral admixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 22 parts of ground blast furnace slag, 7 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of ground calcium carbonate, 6 parts of talcum powder, 12 parts of basalt, 5 parts of washed sand, 25 parts of polyethylene glycol 40025 parts and 110 parts of water.
The mineral admixture is prepared by the following method: further grinding and crushing the ground blast furnace slag, bentonite, basalt, washed sand and ground limestone, sieving with a 500-mesh sieve, mixing the obtained powder with talcum powder, polyethylene glycol 400 and water, stirring for 40min, performing swing granulation, sintering the solid particles at 1350 ℃ for 2.5h, cooling, crushing, and sieving with a 500-mesh sieve to obtain the mineral admixture.
The medium sand is common sand with the grain diameter of 0.13-0.66mm, the water content of 0, the mud content of 3.5 percent and the fineness modulus of 2.35.
The particle size of the hollow glass beads is 100-200 μm, and the wall thickness is 1-2 μm.
The modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material is prepared by the following method:
s1, modification of diatomite: pouring 100g of diatomite into 200mL of 77% ethanol aqueous solution with mass fraction, adding 35g of silane coupling agent A-1120, uniformly stirring at 600r/min, pretreating for 45min, putting the modified diatomite into a drying oven, and drying in vacuum for 1.5h at 60 ℃;
s2 preparation of component A: taking out 100g of modified diatomite, adding 26g of polyether polyol GR4110B (the hydroxyl value is 550 mgKOH/g), adding 0.7g of dibutyltin dilaurate, and fully stirring at 600r/min for later use;
s3 preparation of the component B: weighing 22g of polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate for later use;
s4, preparing the modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material: and rapidly stirring and mixing the prepared component A and the component B (the rotating speed is 1100 r/min), pouring the mixture into a cylindrical steel mould, demoulding after the mixture is solidified and formed, putting the demoulded mixture into water, and solidifying the mixture for 2 hours under the drying condition of different temperatures of 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the dry powder mortar comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing the medium sand, the mineral admixture, the expanded vermiculite and the fly ash in a mixing device (the rotating speed is 1100 r/min), wherein the stirring temperature is 50 ℃;
s2, adding EVA rubber powder, styrene, a chloride antifreezing agent, an aliphatic water reducing agent and sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the mixing device, continuously stirring, and stirring at the same temperature for 4 minutes;
and S3, adding the modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material, the gypsum and the hollow glass beads into the mixing device, continuously stirring, and continuously stirring for 3 minutes to fully and uniformly mix to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 4 and fig. 5 in detail, a mixing device for producing and processing dry powder mortar comprises a first mixing cylinder 5 and a second mixing cylinder 3, a hopper 2 is arranged at the upper side of the first mixing cylinder 5 near the left end, a second mixing cylinder 3 is arranged at the right side of the first mixing cylinder 5, the right end of the first mixing cylinder 5 is connected with the second mixing cylinder 3 through a feeding pipe 11, a discharging cover 9 is arranged at the right end of the second mixing cylinder 3, a first mixing mechanism 10 is arranged at the center of the inner side of the first mixing cylinder 5, the first mixing mechanism 10 comprises a first transmission rod 101, first stirring rods 102 which are uniformly arranged are arranged on the first transmission rod 101, the first transmission rod 101 is fixedly connected with the left end of a first spiral belt 103 near the left end, a second mixing mechanism 12 is arranged at the center of the inner side of the second mixing cylinder 3, the second mixing mechanism 12 comprises a second transmission rod 121, the second transmission rod 121 is provided with second stirring rods 122 which are uniformly arranged, the position of the second transmission rod 121 close to the left end is fixedly connected with the left end of a second spiral belt 123, the right end of the first transmission rod 101 penetrates through the right side wall of the first mixing barrel 5 and is fixedly sleeved with a first gear, the left end of the second transmission rod 121 penetrates through the left side wall of the second mixing barrel 3 and is fixedly sleeved with a second gear, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, the transmission ratio of the first gear to the second gear is 1:2, the coarse stirring and mixing of dry powder mortar are realized through a first stirring rod 102 and a first spiral belt 103 in a first mixing mechanism 10 arranged in the first mixing barrel 5, the dry powder mortar is fed into a second mixing barrel 12 through a feeding pipe 11 under the driving of the first spiral belt 103, the first gear on the first transmission rod 101 drives the second gear 121 to rotate rapidly to drive the second transmission rod 121 to rotate rapidly to realize the rapid stirring and mixing of the second spiral belt 122 and the second spiral belt 123, and the dry powder mortar is conveyed rightwards under the driving of the second spiral belt 123 to realize automatic discharge, so that the continuous mixing of the dry powder mortar and the automatic discharge are realized, and the mixing processing efficiency of the dry powder mortar is greatly improved.
Referring to fig. 3, in the mixing device for producing and processing dry-mixed mortar, a sleeve of the discharging cover 9 is arranged at the right end of the second mixing cylinder 3, a discharging square pipe 91 is arranged on the lower side surface of the discharging cover 9, and discharging of the dry-mixed mortar is realized through the discharging square pipe 91 arranged on the discharging cover 9.
Referring to fig. 1 specifically, a mixing device for dry-mixed mortar production and processing is provided, wherein first fixing plates 6 are arranged on the front side and the rear side of a first mixing cylinder 5, a first roller 4 is arranged on the lower end face of the first fixing plate 6, the first mixing cylinder 5 is movably supported by the first fixing plate 6 and the first roller 4, second fixing plates 7 are arranged on the front side and the rear side of a second mixing cylinder 3, a second roller 8 is arranged on the lower end face of each fixing plate 7, and the second mixing cylinder 3 is movably supported by the second fixing plate 7 and the second roller 8.
Specifically, referring to fig. 6, a dust suction mechanism 1 is disposed on one side of the first mixing cylinder 5, the dust suction mechanism 1 includes a dust suction hood 110, the dust suction hood 110 is disposed on one side of an upper port of the hopper 2, a fan 120 is disposed on an inner side of the dust suction hood 110, one end of the dust suction hood 110 is connected to a filter box 140 through a vertical exhaust pipe 130, an exhaust port is disposed at a position close to an upper end of the filter box 140, a filter plate 150 is disposed at the exhaust port, an open door plate is disposed at a position close to a lower end of the filter box 140, and the fan 120 is disposed to drive the dust suction hood 110 to suck away dust floating at the upper port of the hopper 2 and convey the dust into the filter box 140 through the exhaust pipe 130 for.
When the dry powder mortar mixing device is used, dry powder mortar raw materials are fed into the hopper 2 through the feeding machine and enter the first mixing barrel 5, the first transmission rod 101 is driven by the motor to rotate to drive the first stirring rod 102 and the first spiral belt 103 to rotate so as to carry out coarse mixing and mixing on the dry powder mortar, the dry powder mortar is driven by the first spiral belt 103 to be fed into the second mixing barrel 12 through the feeding pipe 11, the first gear on the first transmission rod 101 drives the second gear to rapidly rotate to drive the second transmission rod 121 to rapidly rotate so as to realize rapid mixing and mixing of the second stirring rod 122 and the second spiral belt 123, and the dry powder mortar is driven by the second spiral belt 123 to be conveyed rightwards so as to realize automatic discharging.
Example 5
The dry-mixed mortar prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention was mixed with water and subjected to a performance test, and the results are shown in FIG. 7.
Compared with the prior art, the invention greatly improves the fireproof temperature of the mortar by using the expanded vermiculite as the raw material, so that the fireproof temperature can reach 1200 ℃, and the fireproof performance can reach A1 level; meanwhile, the solidification time of the mortar is reduced, and the construction period is effectively shortened; according to the invention, the compression strength of the mortar is greatly improved by using the gypsum, the coal ash, the medium sand and the blast furnace slag, so that not only can the energy consumption be saved, but also the production cost is reduced, and the cyclic utilization of ash slag, energy conservation and environmental protection are realized; the polyurethane/diatomite composite material prepared by the invention has excellent heat preservation characteristic of polyurethane, meanwhile, the diatomite is subjected to surface modification by the silane coupling agent to be fully connected with the polyurethane, the prepared material has excellent mechanical property and cohesiveness, and the contained diatomite does not contain toxic and harmful substances, is wear-resistant, is not easy to pulverize, can purify air, and is green and environment-friendly; the mineral admixture, the EVA rubber powder and the carboxymethyl cellulose can form a layer of compact reticular structure with other materials through the interaction of the solvent, the strength is high, the cohesiveness is durable, and the powder on the wall surface is not easy to fall off; in conclusion, the invention has the advantages of good cohesiveness, high strength, strong waterproof capability, good heat-preservation and fireproof effects and wide application prospect.
The device obtained by the design can basically meet the requirement of high material mixing processing efficiency of the existing material mixing device for producing and processing the dry powder mortar, but the designer further improves the device according to the aim of further improving the functions of the device.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The dry powder mortar is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100-150 parts of modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material, 20-30 parts of expanded vermiculite, 25-35 parts of hollow glass beads, 5-12 parts of medium sand, 7-18 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 15-30 parts of gypsum, 5-10 parts of EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) rubber powder, 3-7 parts of styrene, 3-7 parts of chloride antifreezing agent, 1-5 parts of aliphatic series water reducing agent, 10-20 parts of fly ash and 10-15 parts of mineral admixture; the mineral admixture comprises 15-30 parts of ground blast furnace slag, 5-10 parts of bentonite, 7-12 parts of ground calcium carbonate, 3-10 parts of talcum powder, 10-15 parts of basalt, 3-7 parts of washed sand, 20-30 parts of polyethylene glycol 40020 and 120 parts of water 100-; the mineral admixture is prepared by the following method: further grinding and crushing the ground blast furnace slag, bentonite, basalt, washed sand and ground limestone and sieving the ground blast furnace slag, the bentonite, the basalt, the washed sand and the ground limestone with a 500-mesh sieve to obtain powder, mixing and stirring the powder with talcum powder, polyethylene glycol 400 and water for 30-50min, performing swing granulation, sintering solid particles at the temperature of 1200-1500 ℃ for 2-3h, cooling, crushing and sieving the particles with a 500-mesh sieve to obtain a mineral admixture; the medium sand is common sand with the grain diameter of 0.13-0.66mm, the water content of 0, the mud content of 3.5 percent and the fineness modulus of 2.2-2.5; the particle size of the hollow glass bead is 100-200 mu m, and the wall thickness is 1-2 mu m.
2. The dry-mixed mortar of claim 1, wherein the modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material is prepared by the following method:
s1, modification of diatomite: pouring diatomite into an ethanol water solution, adding a silane coupling agent, uniformly stirring, pretreating for 30-60min, putting the modified diatomite into a drying oven, and drying in vacuum for 1-2h at the temperature of 60 ℃;
s2 preparation of component A: taking out the modified diatomite, adding the modified diatomite into polyether polyol, adding a catalyst, and fully stirring for later use;
s3 preparation of the component B: weighing polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate for later use;
s4, preparing the modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material: and rapidly stirring and mixing the prepared component A and the component B, pouring the mixture into a cylindrical steel mould, demoulding after the mixture is solidified and formed, putting the demoulded mixture into water, and solidifying the demoulded mixture for 1 to 3 hours under the drying condition of different temperatures of 30 ℃.
3. The dry mortar as claimed in claim 2, wherein the silane coupling agent is selected from KH550, KH560, A-1110, A-1120, A-2120, A-1170, A-187.
4. The dry mortar according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the diatomite to the silane coupling agent is 1: (0.2-0.5), wherein the mass ratio of the modified diatomite, the polyether polyol, the polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanate and the catalyst is 100: (22-30): (20-25): (0.5-1).
5. A method for preparing a dry-mixed mortar as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing the medium sand, the mineral admixture, the expanded vermiculite and the fly ash in a mixing device, wherein the mixing temperature is 50 ℃;
s2, adding EVA rubber powder, styrene, a chloride antifreezing agent, an aliphatic water reducing agent and sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the mixing device, continuously stirring, and stirring at the same temperature for 4 minutes;
and S3, adding the modified polyurethane/diatomite composite material, the gypsum and the hollow glass beads into the mixing device, continuously stirring, and continuously stirring for 3 minutes to fully and uniformly mix to obtain the dry-mixed mortar.
6. The preparation method of dry-mixed mortar according to claim 5, wherein the mixing device is a mixing device for producing and processing dry-mixed mortar, the mixing speed is 1000-, the second mixing mechanism comprises a second transmission rod, second stirring rods which are uniformly arranged are arranged on the second transmission rod, the position, close to the left end, of the second transmission rod is fixedly connected with the left end of a second spiral belt, the right end of the first transmission rod penetrates through the right side wall of the first mixing barrel, a first gear is fixedly sleeved on the right end of the first transmission rod, a second gear penetrates through the left side wall of the second mixing barrel, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, and the transmission ratio of the first gear to the second gear is 1: 2.
7. The method for preparing dry-mixed mortar according to claim 6, wherein one end of the discharge cover is sleeved on the right end of the second mixing cylinder, and a discharge square pipe is arranged on the lower side surface of the discharge cover.
8. The method for preparing dry-mixed mortar according to claim 7, wherein the first mixing cylinder is provided with first fixing plates on the front and rear sides, and the lower end surface of the first fixing plate is provided with a first roller.
9. The method for preparing dry-mixed mortar according to claim 8, wherein the second mixing cylinder is provided with second fixing plates on the front and rear sides, and the lower end surfaces of the fixing plates are provided with second rollers.
10. The method for preparing dry-mixed mortar according to claim 9, wherein a dust suction mechanism is disposed on one side of the first mixing barrel, the dust suction mechanism comprises a dust hood disposed on one side of the upper port of the hopper, a fan is disposed on the inner side of the dust hood, one end of the dust hood is connected to the filter box through a vertical exhaust pipe, an exhaust port is disposed at one end of the filter box near the upper end, a filter plate is disposed at the exhaust port, and an open door plate is disposed at the other end of the filter box near the lower end.
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