CN110813017A - System and method for purifying carbon dioxide - Google Patents
System and method for purifying carbon dioxide Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110813017A CN110813017A CN201911272300.4A CN201911272300A CN110813017A CN 110813017 A CN110813017 A CN 110813017A CN 201911272300 A CN201911272300 A CN 201911272300A CN 110813017 A CN110813017 A CN 110813017A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- adsorption
- carbon dioxide
- microwave
- desorption
- adsorption tower
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 322
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 224
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical group [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009103 reabsorption Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 33
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009102 absorption Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002151 riboflavin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
- B01D2259/40094—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating by applying microwaves
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a system for purifying carbon dioxide, which comprises an air supply unit, a microwave adsorption and desorption unit and a separation unit which are sequentially connected, wherein the microwave adsorption and desorption unit combines an adsorption tower and a microwave heating device, and a waveguide tube extending into the adsorption tower is arranged on the microwave heating device, so that the regeneration efficiency of an adsorbent is greatly improved, the equipment volume is small, and the service life of the adsorbent is long; the method for purifying the carbon dioxide by using the device combines the adsorption technology, the microwave heating regeneration technology and the condensation separation technology, improves the desorption regeneration efficiency of the adsorbent, reduces the cycle operation time, reduces the energy consumption, can obtain the carbon dioxide with the volume concentration of more than 85 percent, and has higher practical application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas purification, in particular to a system and a method for purifying carbon dioxide.
Background
CO2Separation is an important gas componentFrom process, in recent years on CO2Various treatment techniques (e.g. CO)2Removal, cleaning, desorption, adsorption, absorption, enrichment, trapping, separation, purification techniques and decarburization techniques) are widely studied, and the development documents are frequently reported. Various processing techniques have been developed at home and abroad, and they are classified into a wet method and a dry method. Wherein, the dry method mainly comprises a consumable strong alkali method and an adsorption method; the wet method is absorption decarburization by a renewable solvent, mainly an absorption separation method. In addition, the membrane separation method, the oxygen-enriched combustion and chemical-looping combustion method, the low-temperature fractionation method, the hypergravity method and the comprehensive application of several separation methods are also provided. The methods have respective characteristics in the aspects of economy, selectivity, applicability and the like, and the most widely applied methods at present are an absorption separation method and an adsorption method. However, some separation methods used at present have the defects of expensive equipment, high energy consumption, poor separation effect and the like, and greatly limit CO2Application of separation techniques.
While low concentration of CO2The treatment techniques can be divided into non-renewable and renewable types. The non-renewable processing technology is simple in technology, passes through application tests for many years, is quite mature in flow and equipment, is limited by the technical principle, and has various defects such as size, weight and the like which cannot be overcome.
Against these disadvantages, renewable CO was developed successively in each country2And (5) development of a treatment technology. At present, the renewable technology has become CO2The mainstream of the processing technology research equipment. Renewable CO2The new removing technology mainly comprises a solid amine method, a molecular sieve adsorption method, a gas separation membrane method and the like.
Among them, CN102553392A discloses a method and a system for removing carbon dioxide, wherein the method adopts a solid amine method, and due to the nature of chemical reaction, the efficiency is high, and the solid amine has good physical properties, is nontoxic, and has long service life. But the system has large volume, high energy consumption and more complex automatic control.
CN108744897A discloses a carbon dioxide membrane separation system, and the membrane separation method has the advantages of unique thickness in principle and operation, but a special membraneDevelopment of materials and Low concentration CO2The separation process is still in the development stage and is difficult to put into practical application in a short period.
CN105727729A discloses a continuous circulation carbon dioxide capture system based on in-situ adsorption/desorption, which adopts carbonation reaction to achieve the purpose of carbon dioxide adsorption/desorption, but the system adopts chemical method, and the treatment of chemical materials is difficult.
Compared with other technologies, the adsorption technology has the advantages of mature technology, low energy consumption, large operation flexibility, high automation degree, long service life of the adsorbent, no secondary pollution and the like. Particularly, with the continuous innovation and development of the adsorbent and the continuous updating of the application process, the renewable adsorption principle is adopted to separate and concentrate low-concentration CO2Gas becomes the best choice.
However, the existing renewable adsorption has the technical problems of large equipment volume and difficult desorption and regeneration, so that a renewable carbon dioxide purification system needs to be developed to realize efficient purification of carbon dioxide and efficient regeneration of an adsorbent.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a system for purifying carbon dioxide, which combines an adsorption tower and a microwave heating device, and a waveguide tube extending into the adsorption tower is arranged on the microwave heating device, so that the regeneration efficiency of an adsorbent is greatly improved, and the system has small equipment volume and long service life; the method for purifying carbon dioxide by using the device greatly reduces the time and energy consumption of the cyclic operation through microwave heating desorption, and the volume concentration of the collected carbon dioxide is more than 85%, so that the device has no secondary pollution and higher practical application value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a system for purifying carbon dioxide, which comprises an air supply unit, a microwave adsorption and desorption unit and a separation unit which are connected in sequence; the microwave adsorption and desorption unit comprises an adsorption tower, and the top and the bottom of the adsorption tower are respectively provided with a microwave heating device; and waveguide tubes extending into the adsorption tower are arranged on the microwave heating devices at the top and the bottom of the tower.
According to the invention, the microwave heating devices are arranged at the top and the bottom of the adsorption tower, and the desorption regeneration of the adsorbent in the adsorption tower is promoted by microwave heating, so that the service life of the adsorbent is prolonged, the carbon dioxide in the adsorbent is more completely desorbed, the adsorption efficiency of the alternate cycle is higher, the operation time of the adsorption and desorption cycle is shortened, and the adsorption effect is improved.
According to the invention, the separation unit is arranged behind the adsorption and desorption unit, so that the desorbed carbon dioxide is separated from water vapor, the carbon dioxide with higher concentration is recovered, and no secondary pollution is caused.
According to the invention, the waveguide tubes extending into the adsorption tower are arranged on the microwave heating devices at the top and the bottom of the tower, so that microwaves of the microwave heating devices are better transmitted to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower through the waveguide tubes, thereby being more beneficial to promoting desorption and regeneration of the adsorbent saturated in adsorption and promoting purification cycle of carbon dioxide.
Preferably, the air supply unit comprises an induced air device connected with the microwave adsorption and desorption unit and an exhaust pipeline system respectively connected with the microwave adsorption and desorption unit and the separation unit.
Preferably, the air inducing device is a centrifugal fan.
Preferably, the exhaust duct system comprises an exhaust duct.
Preferably, the exhaust pipeline system further comprises an electric valve arranged on the exhaust pipeline.
Preferably, the upper end of the adsorption tower in the microwave adsorption and desorption unit is connected with an exhaust pipeline system in the air supply unit.
Preferably, the lower end of the adsorption tower is provided with a first branch, a second branch and a third branch.
Preferably, the first branch is connected with an air inducing device in the air supply unit.
Preferably, the second branch is connected with a vacuum-pumping device.
Preferably, the third branch is connected to a separation unit.
Preferably, the number of adsorption columns is even, and may be, for example, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 or 16, preferably 8 or 10.
The invention is provided with even number of adsorption towers, so that adsorption and desorption are alternately carried out in the even number of adsorption towers, continuous treatment of the gas containing carbon dioxide is ensured, the adsorption efficiency is improved, the discharge of the adsorbent is avoided, and the invention has higher practical application value.
Preferably, the adsorption columns are arranged in parallel.
Preferably, the column of the adsorption column is filled with an adsorbent.
Preferably, the filling mode of the adsorbent in the adsorption tower is uniform mixing or layered arrangement.
Preferably, the adsorbent is a molecular sieve.
Preferably, the molecular sieve is any one or a combination of at least two of ZSM-5 molecular sieve, zeolite molecular sieve, 13X molecular sieve or 5A molecular sieve, wherein typical but non-limiting combinations are: a combination of a ZSM-5 molecular sieve and a zeolite molecular sieve, a combination of a ZSM-5 molecular sieve and a 13X molecular sieve, a combination of a ZSM-5 molecular sieve and a 5A molecular sieve, a combination of a zeolite molecular sieve and a 13X molecular sieve, a combination of a zeolite molecular sieve and a 5A molecular sieve, a combination of a 13X molecular sieve and a 5A molecular sieve, preferably a zeolite molecular sieve and/or a 13X molecular sieve.
Preferably, temperature detectors are arranged around the tower body of the adsorption tower, and temperature probes of the temperature detectors extend into the tower.
According to the invention, the temperature detectors are arranged around the tower body of the adsorption tower, so that the adsorption and desorption temperatures in the adsorption tower can be detected in real time, and the adsorption and desorption temperatures can be more effectively controlled.
Preferably, one end of the temperature detector is connected with a control system.
Preferably, the number of temperature detectors is at least 2, for example 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12 or 16, preferably 4.
Preferably, the temperature probes are symmetrically distributed on the basis of the adsorption tower.
Preferably, the interior of the adsorption tower is divided into an upper half part and a lower half part which are symmetrical up and down.
Preferably, the upper half part comprises a fine-mesh wire separation net and a coarse-mesh stainless steel baffle plate from top to bottom in sequence.
Preferably, the pore diameter of the fine mesh wire spacer is 0.5 to 2.0mm, for example, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1.0mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.3mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm or 2.0mm, preferably 0.8 to 1.0 mm.
The pore diameter of the fine-pore iron wire separation net is preferably 0.8-1.0 mm, and the microwave generated by the microwave heating device can be isolated under the condition of small gas resistance.
Preferably, the aperture of the coarse stainless steel baffle is 5.0-10.0 mm, such as 5.0mm, 5.2mm, 5.5mm, 5.8mm, 6.0mm, 6.2mm, 6.5mm, 6.8mm, 7.0mm, 7.5mm, 8.0mm, 8.5mm, 9.0mm, 9.5mm or 10.0mm, preferably 6.0-8.0 mm.
Preferably, the shape of the waveguide is a rectangular parallelepiped or a cylindrical shape, preferably a rectangular parallelepiped.
The invention preferably selects the cuboid waveguide tube, so that the waveguide tube can be provided with the waveguide hole with a proper shape, thereby not only ensuring the conduction of microwave, but also being difficult to cause the phenomena of uneven temperature rise and local overheating of the adsorbent.
Preferably, the material of the waveguide is a metallic material, which may be, for example, aluminum, copper or stainless steel, preferably aluminum.
Preferably, the waveguide is externally sheathed with a non-shielding insulating material.
Preferably, the non-shielding isolation material is any one or a combination of at least two of mica, ceramic, polytetrafluoroethylene or high temperature resistant cloth, wherein a typical but non-limiting combination is: the combination of mica and ceramic, the combination of mica and polytetrafluoroethylene, the combination of mica and high temperature resistant cloth, the combination of ceramic and polytetrafluoroethylene, the combination of ceramic and high temperature resistant cloth, the combination of polytetrafluoroethylene and high temperature resistant cloth, and the combination of ceramic and high temperature resistant cloth are preferred.
Preferably, the waveguide tube is provided with waveguide holes at the periphery.
Preferably, the waveguide holes are rectangular waveguide holes or circular waveguide holes, and are preferably rectangular waveguide holes.
Preferably, the opening width of the rectangular wave guide hole is 1.0 to 6.0mm, and may be, for example, 1.0mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 1.8mm, 2.0mm, 2.2mm, 2.5mm, 2.8mm, 3.0mm, 3.2mm, 3.5mm, 3.8mm, 4.0mm, 4.2mm, 4.5mm, 4.8mm, 5.0mm, 5.2mm, 5.5mm or 5.8mm, and preferably 2.0 to 4.0 mm.
According to the invention, the opening width of the wave guide hole is preferably 1.0-6.0 mm, so that the microwave of the microwave heating device can be effectively conducted to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, the removal of carbon dioxide in the adsorbent is more effectively promoted, the rapid regeneration of the adsorbent is ensured, and the adsorption efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the opening width of the rectangular waveguide hole is gradually widened from top to bottom by the waveguide tube.
According to the invention, the opening width of the wave guide hole is preferably gradually widened from top to bottom, so that the energy loss of microwaves in the conduction process is further reduced, the adsorbent is further completely desorbed, and the desorption efficiency is better improved.
Preferably, the opening width of the rectangular wave guide hole is gradually changed from 1.0mm to 6.0mm from top to bottom.
According to the invention, the opening width of the wave guide hole is preferably gradually changed from 1.0mm to 6.0mm from top to bottom, so that the loss of microwave energy can be further reduced, the desorption of the adsorbent is more complete, and the overall adsorption efficiency is further improved.
Preferably, the microwave frequency of the microwave heating device is 300MHz to 3000MHz, for example, 300MHz, 500MHz, 800MHz, 1000MHz, 1200MHz, 1500MHz, 1600MHz, 1800MHz, 2000MHz, 2200MHz, 2500MHz, 2800MHz or 3000MHz, preferably 600MHz to 2000 MHz.
Preferably, the vacuum-pumping device is a dry type vortex vacuum pump.
Preferably, the separation unit comprises a water vapor removing device, a compression device, a condensation device and a storage device which are connected in sequence.
Preferably, the water vapor removing device is an air-cooled radiator.
Preferably, the compression device is a piston compressor.
Preferably, the inlet of the compressing device is connected with the outlet of the vacuumizing device in the microwave adsorption and desorption unit.
Preferably, the condensing device is a tube heat exchanger or a plate heat exchanger.
Preferably, the condensing device is connected with a third branch in the microwave adsorption and desorption unit.
Preferably, the storage device is a tank.
According to the invention, the storage tank is used as a storage device for temporarily storing the liquid carbon dioxide, so that the secondary pollution can be avoided, the high-concentration carbon dioxide can be secondarily utilized, and the device has a better application prospect.
Preferably, the control system comprises a sensor and a temperature controller which are connected with the temperature probe in the microwave adsorption and desorption unit and are arranged in sequence.
The control system can control the temperature in the adsorption tower, but when the temperature exceeds the set temperature +/-5 ℃, the control system can automatically switch on or off to control the switch of the microwave heating device.
Preferably, the control system further comprises an electronic control system connected to the electrically operated valve.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for purifying carbon dioxide, which is performed using the system for purifying carbon dioxide of the first aspect.
The method for purifying the carbon dioxide provided by the invention is carried out by utilizing the system for purifying the carbon dioxide provided by the first aspect, and has the advantages of high adsorption and desorption efficiency, low energy consumption, no secondary pollution and small equipment volume.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of:
(1) carrying out adsorption treatment on the gas containing carbon dioxide in an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent to obtain gas subjected to adsorption treatment; the microwave is conducted from the microwave heating device to the adsorbent after the adsorption saturation through the waveguide tube, so that the adsorbent is subjected to microwave heating desorption treatment to obtain desorbed carbon dioxide, and the adsorption treatment and the microwave heating desorption treatment are alternately carried out in the adsorption tower;
(2) and introducing the desorbed carbon dioxide into a water vapor removing device to remove water vapor, introducing the water vapor removed carbon dioxide into a compression device to be compressed, and introducing the compressed carbon dioxide into a condensation device to be condensed to obtain liquid carbon dioxide.
According to the method for purifying the carbon dioxide, microwaves of the microwave heating device are conducted into the adsorption tower through the waveguide tube, so that the adsorbent in the adsorption tower is heated more uniformly, the desorption is more complete, the desorption efficiency is high, the cycle operation time is greatly shortened, and the method has a better application prospect; and the adsorption and desorption are alternately carried out in even number of adsorption towers, so that the discharge of the adsorbent is avoided, and the operation is simple.
Preferably, the carbon dioxide-containing gas is introduced into the adsorption tower by an induced draft device before step (1).
Preferably, the wind pressure of the wind inducing device is 700-1500 Pa, for example, 700Pa, 750Pa, 800Pa, 850Pa, 900Pa, 950Pa, 1000Pa, 1050Pa, 1100Pa, 1150Pa, 1200Pa, 1250Pa, 1300Pa, 1350Pa, 1400Pa, 1450Pa or 1500Pa, preferably 950-1050 Pa.
Preferably, the carbon dioxide-containing gas in step (1) is carbon dioxide-containing air.
Preferably, the volume concentration of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide containing gas is 0.25 to 0.50%, for example, 0.25%, 0.28%, 0.30%, 0.32%, 035%, 0.38%, 0.40%, 0.42%, 0.45%, 0.48%, 0.50%, preferably 0.30 to 0.40%.
Preferably, the microwave heating desorption temperature is 150-200 ℃, for example, 150 ℃, 152 ℃, 155 ℃, 158 ℃, 160 ℃, 162 ℃, 165 ℃, 168 ℃, 170 ℃, 172 ℃, 175 ℃, 178 ℃, 180 ℃, 182 ℃, 185 ℃, 188 ℃, 190 ℃, 192 ℃, 195 ℃, 198 ℃ or 200 ℃, preferably 160-180 ℃.
Preferably, the microwave heating desorption is performed under vacuum conditions.
The invention preferentially carries out heating desorption under the vacuum condition, combines the adsorption and desorption technology with the microwave heating technology, better promotes the desorption of the adsorbent, leads the desorption speed of the adsorbent to be faster, leads the desorption effect to be more complete and improves the whole adsorption and desorption efficiency.
Preferably, the degree of vacuum under the vacuum condition is-0.08 to-0.09 MPa, and may be, for example, -0.08MPa, -0.081MPa, -0.082MPa, -0.083MPa, -0.084MPa, -0.085MPa, -0.086MPa, -0.087MPa, -0.088MPa, -0.089MPa or-0.090 MPa, and preferably-0.085 to-0.088 MPa.
Preferably, the gas after adsorption treatment is discharged from an exhaust pipeline.
Preferably, the adsorption treatment and the microwave heating desorption treatment are continuously and alternately carried out in even number of adsorption towers to continuously treat the gas containing carbon dioxide.
Preferably, the control system automatically opens or closes an electric valve according to the detected temperature, and alternately switches the adsorption and desorption states of the adsorption tower.
Preferably, the compression device in step (2) has a discharge pressure >7MPa, which may be, for example, 7.1MPa, 7.2MPa, 7.5MPa, 8.0MPa, 8.5MPa, 9.0MPa, 10.0MPa, 11.0MPa or 12.0MPa, preferably >10 MPa.
Preferably, the condensing device in the step (2) adopts chilled water for condensation.
Preferably, the temperature of the coolant water is 2 to 7 ℃, for example, 2 ℃, 2.2 ℃, 2.5 ℃, 2.8 ℃, 3 ℃, 3.2 ℃, 3.5 ℃, 3.8 ℃, 4 ℃, 4.2 ℃, 4.5 ℃, 4.8 ℃, 5 ℃, 5.2 ℃, 5.5 ℃, 5.8 ℃, 6 ℃, 6.2 ℃, 6.5 ℃, 6.8 ℃ or 7 ℃, preferably 4 to 6 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the returned water of the refrigerant water is 8 to 12 ℃, for example, 8 ℃, 8.2 ℃, 8.5 ℃, 8.8 ℃, 9 ℃, 9.2 ℃, 9.5 ℃, 9.8 ℃, 10 ℃, 10.2 ℃, 10.5 ℃, 10.8 ℃, 11 ℃, 11.2 ℃, 11.5 ℃, 11.8 ℃ or 12 ℃, preferably 9 to 11 ℃.
Preferably, the carbon dioxide which is not condensed in the step (2) is recycled to the adsorption tower of the step (1) for reabsorption treatment.
In the invention, the uncondensed carbon dioxide can be circulated to the adsorption tower for reabsorption treatment after being decompressed by the buffer tank, and can also be circulated to the adsorption tower after entering the buffer tank through the decompression valve, so that the uncondensed gas can be retreated, and the purity of the discharged gas is ensured.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) introducing gas with the volume concentration of 0.25-0.5% of carbon dioxide into the adsorption tower through an air inducing device, wherein the air pressure of the air inducing device is 700-1500 Pa;
(2) the gas containing carbon dioxide is subjected to adsorption treatment in an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent, and the gas after adsorption treatment is discharged from an exhaust pipeline; under the conditions of 150-200 ℃ and vacuum degree of-0.08-0.09 MPa, microwaves are conducted from a microwave heating device to the adsorbent after adsorption saturation through a waveguide tube, the adsorbent is subjected to microwave heating desorption treatment to obtain desorbed carbon dioxide, the adsorption treatment and the microwave heating desorption treatment are continuously and alternately carried out in even number of adsorption towers to continuously treat gas containing the carbon dioxide, wherein the microwave frequency of the microwave heating device is 300 MHz-3000 MHz, a control system automatically opens or closes an electric valve according to the detected temperature, and the adsorption and desorption states of the adsorption towers are alternately switched;
(3) introducing the desorbed carbon dioxide into a water vapor removing device to remove water vapor, introducing the water vapor removed carbon dioxide into a compression device to be compressed, introducing the compressed carbon dioxide into a condensation device to be condensed to obtain liquid carbon dioxide, and circulating the uncondensed carbon dioxide to the adsorption tower in the step (2) to be subjected to re-adsorption treatment; the exhaust pressure of the compression device is greater than 7MPa, the condensing device condenses by using refrigerant water, the temperature of the upper water of the refrigerant water is 2-7 ℃, and the temperature of the return water is 8-12 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) the system for purifying the carbon dioxide realizes the high-efficiency purification of the carbon dioxide, and has short cycle operation time and high adsorption efficiency;
(2) the system for purifying the carbon dioxide has the advantages of high automation control degree, low energy consumption, small volume and long service life of the adsorbent;
(3) the method for purifying the carbon dioxide provided by the invention has great operation flexibility, the purification efficiency is improved by over 58.33% compared with the method for desorbing the carbon dioxide by heating with steam, the volume concentration of the collected carbon dioxide is more than or equal to 85%, no secondary pollution is caused, and the method has high practical application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for purifying carbon dioxide according to the present invention.
In the figure: c101, a centrifugal fan; c102-vacuum pump; c103, a compressor; t101-adsorption column; v101-storage tank; v102-buffer tank; e101-heat exchanger.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
The present invention is described in further detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the claims, which are defined by the claims.
The schematic diagram of the system for purifying carbon dioxide provided by the invention is shown in figure 1, and the system comprises an air supply unit, a microwave adsorption and desorption unit and a separation unit which are connected in sequence;
wherein, air supply unit includes: the centrifugal fan C101 is connected with the microwave adsorption and desorption unit, and the exhaust pipeline system is respectively connected with the microwave adsorption and desorption unit and the separation unit and comprises an electric valve arranged on an exhaust pipeline;
the microwave adsorption and desorption unit comprises: an adsorption tower T101 which is provided with molecular sieves and arranged in parallel is arranged, the upper end of the adsorption tower is connected with an exhaust pipeline system in an air supply unit, the lower end of the adsorption tower is provided with a first branch, a second branch and a third branch, the first branch is connected with a centrifugal fan C101 in the air supply unit, the second branch is connected with a vacuum pump C102, and the third branch is connected with a separation unit; temperature detectors which are symmetrically distributed are arranged around the tower body of the adsorption tower, and probes of the temperature detectors extend into the tower; the interior of the adsorption tower is divided into an upper half part and a lower half part which are vertically symmetrical, and the upper half part sequentially comprises a fine-hole iron wire separation net and a coarse-hole stainless steel baffle plate from top to bottom; microwave heating devices are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of the adsorption tower, waveguide tubes extending into the adsorption tower are arranged on the microwave heating devices at the top and the bottom of the adsorption tower, and rectangular waveguide holes are formed in the periphery of the waveguide tubes;
the separation unit includes: the microwave adsorption and desorption device comprises an air-cooled radiator, a compressor C103, a heat exchanger E101 and a buffer tank V102 which are sequentially connected, wherein an inlet of the compressor C103 is connected with an outlet of a vacuum pump C102 in a microwave adsorption and desorption unit, the heat exchanger E101 is connected with a third branch in the microwave adsorption and desorption unit, and the bottom of the heat exchanger E101 is also connected with a storage tank V101;
the system further comprises a control system: the control system comprises a sensor and a temperature controller which are connected with a temperature probe in the microwave adsorption and desorption unit and are sequentially arranged, and an electric control system connected with an electric valve.
First, examples and comparative examples
Example 1
The embodiment provides a system for purifying carbon dioxide, which comprises an air supply unit, a microwave adsorption and desorption unit, a separation unit and a control system which are sequentially connected;
the air supply unit includes: the centrifugal fan is connected with the microwave adsorption and desorption unit, and the exhaust pipeline system is respectively connected with the microwave adsorption and desorption unit and the separation unit and comprises an electric valve arranged on an exhaust pipeline;
the microwave adsorption and desorption unit comprises: 8 adsorption towers which are arranged in parallel and respectively provided with a 13x molecular sieve and a ZSM-5 molecular sieve which have the total weight of 12kg and are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 2:1 are arranged, the upper end of each adsorption tower is connected with an exhaust pipeline system in an air supply unit, the lower end of each adsorption tower is provided with a first branch, a second branch and a third branch, the first branch is connected with an air inducing device in the air supply unit, the second branch is connected with a dry type vortex vacuum pump, and the third branch is connected with a separation unit; 4 temperature detectors which are symmetrically distributed are arranged on the periphery of the tower body of the adsorption tower, and probes of the temperature detectors extend into the tower; the interior of the adsorption tower is divided into an upper half part and a lower half part which are vertically symmetrical, and the upper half part sequentially comprises a fine-hole iron wire separation net with the aperture of 1.0mm and a coarse-hole stainless steel baffle with the aperture of 7.0mm from top to bottom; the top and the bottom of the adsorption tower are respectively provided with a microwave heating device, rectangular aluminum metal wave guide tubes extending to the interior of the adsorption tower are arranged on the microwave heating devices at the top and the bottom of the adsorption tower, and ceramics are sleeved outside the wave guide tubes; rectangular wave guide holes are formed in the periphery of the waveguide tube, and the opening width of each rectangular wave guide hole is gradually changed from 2.0mm to 4.0mm from top to bottom; the microwave frequency of the microwave heating device is 2450 MHz;
the separation unit includes: the microwave adsorption and desorption device comprises an air-cooled radiator, a piston compressor, a tubular heat exchanger, a buffer tank and a storage tank which are sequentially connected, wherein an inlet of the piston compressor is connected with an outlet of a dry type vortex vacuum pump in a microwave adsorption and desorption unit, and the tubular heat exchanger is connected with a third branch in the microwave adsorption and desorption unit;
the control system includes: a sensor and a temperature controller which are connected with a temperature probe in the microwave adsorption and desorption unit and are arranged in sequence, and an electric control system connected with an electric valve.
Example 2
This embodiment provides a system for purifying carbon dioxide, which is the same as embodiment 1 except that "the opening width of the rectangular waveguide hole gradually changes from 2.0mm to 4.0mm from top to bottom" is replaced with "the opening width of the rectangular waveguide hole gradually changes from 1.0mm to 6.0mm from top to bottom".
Example 3
This embodiment provides a system for purifying carbon dioxide, which is the same as embodiment 1 except that "the opening width of the rectangular waveguide hole is gradually changed from 2.0mm to 4.0mm from top to bottom" is replaced with "the opening width of the rectangular waveguide hole is 0.5 mm".
Example 4
This embodiment provides a system for purifying carbon dioxide, which is the same as embodiment 1 except that "the opening width of the rectangular waveguide hole is gradually changed from 2.0mm to 4.0mm from top to bottom" is replaced with "the opening width of the rectangular waveguide hole is 7 mm".
Example 5
This embodiment provides a system for purifying carbon dioxide, which is the same as embodiment 1 except that "the opening width of the rectangular waveguide hole gradually changes from 2.0mm to 4.0mm from top to bottom" is replaced with "the opening width of the rectangular waveguide hole is 2 mm".
Example 6
The embodiment provides a system for purifying carbon dioxide, which comprises an air supply unit, a microwave adsorption and desorption unit, a separation unit and a control system which are sequentially connected;
the air supply unit includes: the centrifugal fan is connected with the microwave adsorption and desorption unit, and the exhaust pipeline system is respectively connected with the microwave adsorption and desorption unit and the separation unit and comprises an electric valve arranged on an exhaust pipeline;
the microwave adsorption and desorption unit comprises: 14 adsorption towers which are arranged in parallel and respectively provided with a zeolite molecular sieve and a ZSM-5 molecular sieve which have the total weight of 14kg and are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 2:1, wherein the upper end of each adsorption tower is connected with an exhaust pipeline system in an air supply unit, the lower end of each adsorption tower is provided with a first branch, a second branch and a third branch, the first branch is connected with an air inducing device in the air supply unit, the second branch is connected with a dry type vortex vacuum pump, and the third branch is connected with a separation unit; 4 temperature detectors which are symmetrically distributed are arranged on the periphery of the tower body of the adsorption tower, and probes of the temperature detectors extend into the tower; the interior of the adsorption tower is divided into an upper half part and a lower half part which are vertically symmetrical, and the upper half part sequentially comprises a fine-hole iron wire separation net with the aperture of 1.0mm and a coarse-hole stainless steel baffle with the aperture of 5.0mm from top to bottom; the top and the bottom of the adsorption tower are respectively provided with a microwave heating device, the microwave heating devices at the top and the bottom of the adsorption tower are respectively provided with a rectangular iron metal waveguide tube extending to the interior of the adsorption tower, and polytetrafluoroethylene is sleeved outside the waveguide tubes; rectangular wave guide holes are formed in the periphery of the waveguide tube, and the opening width of each rectangular wave guide hole is gradually changed from 1.0mm to 5.0mm from top to bottom; the microwave frequency of the microwave heating device is 300 MHz;
the separation unit includes: the microwave adsorption and desorption unit comprises an air-cooled radiator, a piston compressor, a tubular heat exchanger and a buffer tank which are sequentially connected, wherein the inlet of the piston compressor is connected with the outlet of a dry type vortex vacuum pump in the microwave adsorption and desorption unit;
the control system includes: a sensor and a temperature controller which are connected with a temperature probe in the microwave adsorption and desorption unit and are arranged in sequence, and an electric control system connected with an electric valve.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a system for purifying carbon dioxide, the top and the bottom of the adsorption tower of desorption unit are inhaled to the system except microwave do not set up microwave heating device, and inside not setting up corresponding waveguide of adsorption tower, all the other is the same with embodiment 1, and its microwave is inhaled desorption unit and specifically includes:
8 adsorption towers which are arranged in parallel and respectively provided with a 13x molecular sieve and a ZSM-5 molecular sieve which have the total weight of 12kg and are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 2:1 are arranged, the upper end of each adsorption tower is connected with an exhaust pipeline system in an air supply unit, the lower end of each adsorption tower is provided with a first branch, a second branch and a third branch, the first branch is connected with an air inducing device in the air supply unit, the second branch is connected with a dry type vortex vacuum pump, and the third branch is connected with a separation unit; 4 temperature detectors which are symmetrically distributed are arranged on the periphery of the tower body of the adsorption tower, and probes of the temperature detectors extend into the tower; the inside upper half and the latter half that divide into the longitudinal symmetry of adsorption tower, upper half from the top down includes pore iron wire that the aperture is 1.0mm in proper order and separates the net and the coarse pore stainless steel baffle that the aperture is 7.0 mm.
Second, application example and application comparative example
Application examples 1 to 6
Application examples 1 to 6 provide methods for purifying carbon dioxide, which are respectively performed by using the systems for purifying carbon dioxide provided in the embodiments 1 to 6, and the methods include the following steps:
(1) introducing gas with the volume concentration of 0.5% of carbon dioxide into the adsorption tower through a centrifugal fan, wherein the wind pressure of the centrifugal fan is 1000Pa, and the flow velocity of the gas is 0.5 m/s;
(2) the gas containing carbon dioxide is subjected to adsorption treatment in an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent, and the gas after adsorption treatment is discharged from an exhaust pipeline; under the conditions of 150 ℃ and vacuum degree of-0.08 MPa, microwaves are conducted from a microwave heating device to the adsorbent after adsorption saturation through a waveguide tube, the adsorbent is subjected to microwave heating desorption treatment to obtain desorbed carbon dioxide, the adsorption treatment and the microwave heating desorption treatment are continuously and alternately carried out in 8 adsorption towers to continuously treat gas containing the carbon dioxide, wherein the microwave frequency of the microwave heating device is 2450MHz, and a control system automatically opens or closes an electric valve according to the detected temperature to alternately switch the adsorption state and the desorption state of the adsorption towers;
(3) introducing the desorbed carbon dioxide into an air-cooled radiator to remove water vapor, introducing the carbon dioxide after water vapor removal into a piston type compressor to be compressed, introducing the compressed carbon dioxide into a tubular heat exchanger to be condensed to obtain liquid carbon dioxide, and circulating the uncondensed carbon dioxide to the adsorption tower in the step (2) to be subjected to re-adsorption treatment; the exhaust pressure of the piston compressor is 7.5MPa, the condensing device condenses by using refrigerant water, the temperature of the upper water of the refrigerant water is 7 ℃, and the temperature of the return water is 10 ℃.
Application example 7
This application example provides a method for purifying carbon dioxide, which is performed by using the system for purifying carbon dioxide provided in example 7, and the method includes the steps of:
(1) introducing gas with the volume concentration of 0.3% of carbon dioxide into the adsorption tower through a centrifugal fan, wherein the wind pressure of the centrifugal fan is 700Pa, and the flow velocity of the gas is 0.3 m/s;
(2) the gas containing carbon dioxide is subjected to adsorption treatment in an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent, and the gas after adsorption treatment is discharged from an exhaust pipeline; under the conditions of 180 ℃ and a vacuum degree of-0.085 MPa, microwaves are transmitted from a microwave heating device to an adsorbent after adsorption saturation through a waveguide tube to be subjected to microwave heating desorption treatment to obtain desorbed carbon dioxide, the adsorption treatment and the microwave heating desorption treatment are continuously and alternately carried out in 14 adsorption towers to continuously treat gas containing the carbon dioxide, wherein the microwave frequency of the microwave heating device is 3000MHz, and a control system automatically opens or closes an electric valve according to the detected temperature to alternately switch the adsorption state and the desorption state of the adsorption towers;
(3) introducing the desorbed carbon dioxide into an air-cooled radiator to remove water vapor, introducing the carbon dioxide after water vapor removal into a piston type compressor to be compressed, introducing the compressed carbon dioxide into a tubular heat exchanger to be condensed to obtain liquid carbon dioxide, and circulating the uncondensed carbon dioxide to the adsorption tower in the step (2) to be subjected to re-adsorption treatment; the exhaust pressure of the piston compressor is 9MPa, the condensing device condenses by using refrigerant water, the temperature of the upper water of the refrigerant water is 7 ℃, and the temperature of the return water is 12 ℃.
Application comparative example 1
The application comparative example provides a method for purifying carbon dioxide, the system for purifying carbon dioxide provided in the comparative example 1 is used for purification, the method is the same as the application example 1 except that the microwave heating in the step (2) is replaced by steam purging heating, and the step (2) specifically comprises the following steps:
(2) the gas containing carbon dioxide is subjected to adsorption treatment in an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent, and the gas after adsorption treatment is discharged from an exhaust pipeline; and (2) carrying out steam purging desorption treatment on the adsorbent after adsorption saturation under the conditions of 150 ℃ and vacuum degree of-0.08 MPa to obtain desorbed carbon dioxide, wherein the adsorption treatment and the steam purging desorption treatment are continuously and alternately carried out in 8 adsorption towers to continuously treat gas containing carbon dioxide, and a control system automatically opens or closes an electric valve according to the detected temperature to alternately switch the adsorption and desorption states of the adsorption towers.
Third, purifying the results
The carbon dioxide-containing gas was purified for 1 hour using examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 2, and the mass of purified carbon dioxide and the volume concentration of collected carbon dioxide were calculated.
The results of carbon dioxide purification in application examples 1 to 6 and application comparative examples 1 to 2 are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Sample (I) | Quality of carbon dioxide purified for 1h | Volume concentration of carbon dioxide |
| Application example 1 | 215g | 90％ |
| Application example 2 | 220 | 90％ |
| Application example 3 | 190 | 85％ |
| Application example 4 | 230 | 90％ |
| Application example 5 | 200 | 85％ |
| Application example 6 | 133 | 80％ |
| Application comparative example 1 | 120 | 70％ |
From table 1, the following points can be seen:
(1) the comprehensive application examples 1-6 show that the system for purifying carbon dioxide provided by the invention greatly improves the purification efficiency of carbon dioxide, wherein the mass of the carbon dioxide purified for 1h is more than or equal to 133g, 230g of carbon dioxide can be purified for 1h at most, the cycle period is short, and the volume concentration of the collected carbon dioxide is higher than 85% by adopting a carbon dioxide separation system, so that the carbon dioxide with higher purity can be used as other industrial raw materials, and has a higher application prospect;
(2) by combining application example 1 and application comparative example 1, it can be seen that in the case of using the same adsorbent, application example 1 is heated and desorbed by using a microwave heating device, and compared with application comparative example 1 which is heated and desorbed by using hot steam, the mass of carbon dioxide purified for 1h in application example 1 is 215g, the volume concentration of collected carbon dioxide is 90%, the mass of carbon dioxide purified for 11h in application example is only 120g, the volume concentration of collected carbon dioxide is only 70%, and the purification amount of carbon dioxide purified for 1h in application example 1 is improved by 79.16% compared with application comparative example 1, so that the invention has the advantages that the desorption efficiency of carbon dioxide and the purity of collected carbon dioxide are greatly improved by using a microwave heating device for heating and desorption, and has a good industrial application prospect;
(3) it can be seen from the comprehensive application examples 3 to 5 that, in the case of using the same adsorbent, the opening width of the waveguide hole in the application example 5 is 2mm, and compared with the control of the opening widths of the waveguide holes in the application examples 3 and 4 being 0.5mm and 7mm, the mass of carbon dioxide purified for 1h in the application example 5 is 200g, while the mass of carbon dioxide purified for 1h in the application example 3 is only 190g, and although the mass of carbon dioxide purified for 1h is 230g and the volume concentration of the purified carbon dioxide is 90%, the service life of the adsorbent is relatively short in the application example 4, so that the invention preferably controls the opening width of the waveguide hole within a certain range, and can improve the microwave heating effect and the adsorption efficiency of the carbon dioxide while ensuring the service life of the adsorbent;
(4) it can be seen from the comprehensive application examples 1 to 5 that, in the application examples 1 to 2, the opening width of the waveguide hole is gradually widened from top to bottom under the condition that the same adsorbent is adopted, compared with the application examples 3 to 5 that the opening width of the waveguide hole is kept unchanged from top to bottom, the mass of the carbon dioxide purified for 1 hour in the application examples 1 to 2 is 215g and 220g, the volume concentration of the collected carbon dioxide is 90%, and the service life of the adsorbent is long; although the mass of the carbon dioxide purified in 1h in the application example 4 is 230g, the temperature rise is relatively uneven, the service life of the adsorbent is relatively short, the mass of the carbon dioxide purified in 1h in the application example 3 and the application example 5 is only 190g and 200g respectively, and the purification efficiency is low, so that the open width of the waveguide hole is preferably gradually widened from top to bottom, the service life of the adsorbent and the purification efficiency of the carbon dioxide can be ensured at the same time, and the method has high industrial application value;
(5) it can be seen from a combination of application examples 1 and 2 that, in the case of using the same adsorbent, the opening width of the rectangular waveguide hole in the system for purifying carbon dioxide adopted in application example 2 was gradually changed from 1.0mm to 6.0mm from top to bottom, and compared with the opening width of the rectangular waveguide hole in application example 1, which was gradually changed from 2.0mm to 4.0mm from top to bottom, the mass of carbon dioxide purified for 1h in application example 2 was 220g, the mass of the carbon dioxide purified for 1h in the application example 1 is only 215g, and the service lives of the adsorbents are basically the same, therefore, the invention sets the opening width of the rectangular waveguide hole to gradually change from 1.0mm to 6.0mm from top to bottom, so that the microwave generated by the microwave heating device is better transmitted to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, further promotes the microwave desorption process, improves the whole adsorption efficiency and shortens the cycle period.
In conclusion, the system for purifying carbon dioxide provided by the invention has the advantages that the microwave heating device is combined with the adsorption tower, and the waveguide tube extending into the adsorption tower is arranged on the microwave heating device, so that the purification efficiency of the carbon dioxide is greatly improved, the equipment volume is small, and the service life of the adsorbent is long; the method for purifying the carbon dioxide by using the device combines an adsorption technology, a microwave heating regeneration technology and a condensation separation technology, improves the desorption regeneration efficiency of the adsorbent, wherein the mass of the carbon dioxide purified for 1h is more than or equal to 133g, and can purify 230g of carbon dioxide for 1h at most, the purification efficiency is improved by more than 58.33% compared with that of the carbon dioxide heated by steam, the cycle operation time is reduced, and the volume concentration of the collected carbon dioxide is more than or equal to 85% by using a carbon dioxide separation system, so that the carbon dioxide with higher purity can be used as other industrial raw materials, and has higher practical application value.
The applicant declares that the present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above detailed structural features. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of selected components of the present invention, additions of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The system for purifying the carbon dioxide is characterized by comprising an air supply unit, a microwave adsorption and desorption unit and a separation unit which are sequentially connected;
the microwave adsorption and desorption unit comprises an adsorption tower, and the top and the bottom of the adsorption tower are respectively provided with a microwave heating device;
and waveguide tubes extending into the adsorption tower are arranged on the microwave heating devices at the top and the bottom of the tower.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the air supply unit comprises an air inducing device connected with the microwave adsorption and desorption unit, and an exhaust pipeline system respectively connected with the microwave adsorption and desorption unit and the separation unit;
preferably, the air inducing device is a centrifugal fan;
preferably, the exhaust duct system comprises an exhaust duct;
preferably, the exhaust pipeline system further comprises an electric valve arranged on the exhaust pipeline.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the upper end of the adsorption tower in the microwave adsorption and desorption unit is connected with an exhaust pipeline system in the air supply unit;
preferably, the lower end of the adsorption tower is provided with a first branch, a second branch and a third branch;
preferably, the first branch is connected with an air inducing device in the air supply unit;
preferably, the second branch is connected with a vacuum-pumping device;
preferably, the third branch is connected to a separation unit;
preferably, the number of the adsorption towers is even, preferably 8 or 10;
preferably, the adsorption towers are arranged in parallel;
preferably, the adsorption tower is filled with an adsorbent;
preferably, the filling mode of the adsorbent in the adsorption tower is uniform mixing or layered arrangement;
preferably, the adsorbent is a molecular sieve;
preferably, the molecular sieve is any one or a combination of at least two of a ZSM-5 molecular sieve, a zeolite molecular sieve, a 13X molecular sieve or a 5A molecular sieve, preferably the zeolite molecular sieve and/or the 13X molecular sieve;
preferably, temperature detectors are arranged around the tower body of the adsorption tower, and temperature probes of the temperature detectors extend into the tower;
preferably, one end of the temperature detector is connected with a control system;
preferably, the number of the temperature detectors is at least 2, preferably 4;
preferably, the temperature probes are symmetrically distributed on the basis of the adsorption tower;
preferably, the interior of the adsorption tower is divided into an upper half part and a lower half part which are symmetrical up and down;
preferably, the upper half part comprises a fine-hole iron wire separation net and a coarse-hole stainless steel baffle plate from top to bottom in sequence;
preferably, the aperture of the fine-hole iron wire separation net is 0.5-2.0 mm, and preferably 0.8-1.0 mm;
preferably, the aperture of the coarse stainless steel baffle is 5.0-10.0 mm, preferably 6.0-8.0 mm;
preferably, the shape of the waveguide is a rectangular parallelepiped or a cylindrical shape, preferably a rectangular parallelepiped;
preferably, the material of the waveguide is a metal material, preferably aluminum;
preferably, the waveguide is externally sheathed with a non-shielding isolation material;
preferably, the non-shielding isolation material is any one or a combination of at least two of mica, ceramic, polytetrafluoroethylene or high-temperature-resistant cloth, and is preferably ceramic;
preferably, wave guide holes are formed around the wave guide tube;
preferably, the wave guide hole is a rectangular wave guide hole or a circular wave guide hole, and is preferably a rectangular wave guide hole;
preferably, the width of the opening of the rectangular wave guide hole is 1.0-6.0 mm, and preferably 2.0-4.0 mm;
preferably, the opening width of the rectangular waveguide hole is gradually widened from top to bottom by the waveguide tube;
preferably, the opening width of the rectangular wave guide hole is gradually changed from 1.0mm to 6.0mm from top to bottom;
preferably, the microwave frequency of the microwave heating device is 300 MHz-3000 MHz, preferably 600 MHz-2000 MHz;
preferably, the vacuum-pumping device is a dry type vortex vacuum pump.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the separation unit comprises a water vapor removal device, a compression device, a condensation device and a storage device which are connected in sequence;
preferably, the water vapor removing device is an air-cooled radiator;
preferably, the compression device is a piston compressor;
preferably, the inlet of the compression device is connected with the outlet of the vacuumizing device in the microwave adsorption and desorption unit;
preferably, the condensing device is a tubular heat exchanger or a plate heat exchanger;
preferably, the condensing device is connected with a third branch in the microwave adsorption and desorption unit;
preferably, the storage device is a tank.
5. The system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the control system comprises a sensor and a temperature controller which are connected with the temperature probe in the microwave adsorption and desorption unit and are arranged in sequence;
preferably, the control system further comprises an electronic control system connected to the electrically operated valve.
6. A method for purifying carbon dioxide, characterized in that the method is carried out by using the system for purifying carbon dioxide according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
(1) carrying out adsorption treatment on the gas containing carbon dioxide in an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent to obtain gas subjected to adsorption treatment; the microwave is conducted from the microwave heating device to the adsorbent after the adsorption saturation through the waveguide tube, so that the adsorbent is subjected to microwave heating desorption treatment to obtain desorbed carbon dioxide, and the adsorption treatment and the microwave heating desorption treatment are alternately carried out in the adsorption tower;
(2) and introducing the desorbed carbon dioxide into a water vapor removing device to remove water vapor, introducing the water vapor removed carbon dioxide into a compression device to be compressed, and introducing the compressed carbon dioxide into a condensation device to be condensed to obtain liquid carbon dioxide.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the carbon dioxide-containing gas is introduced into the adsorption tower by an induced draft device before step (1);
preferably, the wind pressure of the air inducing device is 700-1500 Pa, preferably 950-1050 Pa;
preferably, the carbon dioxide-containing gas in step (1) is carbon dioxide-containing air;
preferably, the volume concentration of carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-containing gas is 0.25-0.50%, preferably 0.30-0.40%;
preferably, the temperature of microwave heating desorption is 150-200 ℃, and preferably 160-180 ℃;
preferably, the microwave heating desorption is performed under vacuum conditions;
preferably, the vacuum degree of the vacuum condition is-0.08 to-0.09 MPa, and is preferably-0.085 to-0.088 MPa;
preferably, the gas after adsorption treatment is discharged from an exhaust pipeline;
preferably, the adsorption treatment and the microwave heating desorption treatment are continuously and alternately carried out in even number of adsorption towers to continuously treat the gas containing carbon dioxide;
preferably, the control system automatically opens or closes an electric valve according to the detected temperature, and alternately switches the adsorption and desorption states of the adsorption tower.
9. The process according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the compression device in step (2) has a discharge pressure >7MPa, preferably >10 MPa;
preferably, the condensing device in the step (2) adopts chilled water for condensation;
preferably, the temperature of the water supply of the refrigerant water is 2-7 ℃, and preferably 4-6 ℃;
preferably, the return water temperature of the refrigerant water is 8-12 ℃, and preferably 9-11 ℃;
preferably, the carbon dioxide which is not condensed in the step (2) is recycled to the adsorption tower of the step (1) for reabsorption treatment.
10. A method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
(1) introducing gas with the volume concentration of 0.25-0.50% of carbon dioxide into the adsorption tower through an air inducing device, wherein the air pressure of the air inducing device is 700-1500 Pa;
(2) the gas containing carbon dioxide is subjected to adsorption treatment in an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent, and the gas after adsorption treatment is discharged from an exhaust pipeline; under the conditions of 150-200 ℃ and vacuum degree of-0.08-0.09 MPa, microwaves are conducted from a microwave heating device to the adsorbent after adsorption saturation through a waveguide tube, the adsorbent is subjected to microwave heating desorption treatment to obtain desorbed carbon dioxide, the adsorption treatment and the microwave heating desorption treatment are continuously and alternately carried out in even number of adsorption towers to continuously treat gas containing the carbon dioxide, wherein the microwave frequency of the microwave heating device is 300 MHz-3000 MHz, a control system automatically opens or closes an electric valve according to the detected temperature, and the adsorption and desorption states of the adsorption towers are alternately switched;
(3) introducing the desorbed carbon dioxide into a water vapor removing device to remove water vapor, introducing the water vapor removed carbon dioxide into a compression device to be compressed, introducing the compressed carbon dioxide into a condensation device to be condensed to obtain liquid carbon dioxide, and circulating the uncondensed carbon dioxide to the adsorption tower in the step (2) to be subjected to re-adsorption treatment; the exhaust pressure of the compression device is greater than 7MPa, the condensing device condenses by using refrigerant water, the temperature of the upper water of the refrigerant water is 2-7 ℃, and the temperature of the return water is 8-12 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911272300.4A CN110813017A (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | System and method for purifying carbon dioxide |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911272300.4A CN110813017A (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | System and method for purifying carbon dioxide |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110813017A true CN110813017A (en) | 2020-02-21 |
Family
ID=69544938
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911272300.4A Pending CN110813017A (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | System and method for purifying carbon dioxide |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110813017A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022020634A1 (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-01-27 | Matthew Atwood | Apparatus, method and system for direct air capture utilizing electromagnetic excitation radiation desorption of solid amine sorbents to release carbon dioxide |
| CN114902899A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-08-16 | 浙江树人学院 | Agricultural carbon dioxide generator and using method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101274752A (en) * | 2008-04-07 | 2008-10-01 | 北京科技大学 | Separation and utilization process for sulfuric dioxide and carbon dioxide in stack gas |
| CN207478241U (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-06-12 | 北京市劳保所科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of microwave heating active carbon purifying device |
| CN109200749A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-15 | 天津大学 | A kind of temp.-changing adsorption carbon capture system of microwave heating auxiliary desorption process |
| CN212632216U (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-03-02 | 上海穗杉实业股份有限公司 | Device for purifying carbon dioxide |
-
2019
- 2019-12-12 CN CN201911272300.4A patent/CN110813017A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101274752A (en) * | 2008-04-07 | 2008-10-01 | 北京科技大学 | Separation and utilization process for sulfuric dioxide and carbon dioxide in stack gas |
| CN207478241U (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-06-12 | 北京市劳保所科技发展有限责任公司 | A kind of microwave heating active carbon purifying device |
| CN109200749A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-15 | 天津大学 | A kind of temp.-changing adsorption carbon capture system of microwave heating auxiliary desorption process |
| CN212632216U (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-03-02 | 上海穗杉实业股份有限公司 | Device for purifying carbon dioxide |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022020634A1 (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-01-27 | Matthew Atwood | Apparatus, method and system for direct air capture utilizing electromagnetic excitation radiation desorption of solid amine sorbents to release carbon dioxide |
| CN114902899A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-08-16 | 浙江树人学院 | Agricultural carbon dioxide generator and using method thereof |
| CN114902899B (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2023-07-21 | 浙江树人学院 | Carbon dioxide generator for agriculture and application method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103463928B (en) | Organic exhaust gas method and device are reclaimed in absorption | |
| CN110813017A (en) | System and method for purifying carbon dioxide | |
| CN212632216U (en) | Device for purifying carbon dioxide | |
| CN102101003A (en) | Process and device for drying adsorption type compressed gas regenerated by using compression heat | |
| KR100790696B1 (en) | Processing and recovery device and method of hydrocarbon gas | |
| CN102151414A (en) | Device for recovering oil gas by using condensing adsorptive process and device for switching absorption and desorption | |
| CN103721524A (en) | Recycling treatment method of CS2 and H2S in waste gas in production of viscose fiber | |
| JP2008093571A (en) | Device for treating and recovering gaseous hydrocarbon and its method | |
| CN1297336C (en) | Active carbon fiber device and method for adsorbing, recovering and treating organic waste gas | |
| CN110394020B (en) | Nitrogen centralized desorption system for treating waste activated carbon containing VOCs | |
| CN101648102A (en) | Cold and hot type adsorption-desorption device and adsorption-desorption method thereof | |
| KR20140009270A (en) | Method for removing organic solvent, and removal device | |
| US11986766B2 (en) | Installation and method for recovering gaseous substances from gas flows | |
| CN109045926B (en) | VOCs-containing waste gas treatment device and method | |
| CN102921269A (en) | Oil gas recycling device | |
| JP2009028723A (en) | Method for treating and recovering gaseous hydrocarbon | |
| RU100920U1 (en) | DRYING UNIT OF MOBILE COMPRESSOR STATION FOR RECEIVING A COMPRATED NATURAL GAS | |
| CN104163404A (en) | Recycling method and device for regenerated waste nitrogen in nitrogen purification process | |
| CN1036177C (en) | Method and apparatus for drying and purifying gas | |
| JP2012081411A (en) | Solvent dehydrator | |
| CN215311163U (en) | Device of high-efficient selectivity entrapment product in inert tail gas | |
| CN201930694U (en) | Adsorption compressed gas drying device using compression heat regeneration | |
| RU164124U1 (en) | GAS DRYING DEVICE | |
| CN201404762Y (en) | Adsorption high-pressure natural gas dehydration unit | |
| CN110385008B (en) | A desorption system is concentrated to vapor for handling useless active carbon that contains VOCs |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |