CN110808123B - Superconducting tape suitable for superconducting current lead, superconducting current lead and preparation method - Google Patents
Superconducting tape suitable for superconducting current lead, superconducting current lead and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110808123B CN110808123B CN201910955322.4A CN201910955322A CN110808123B CN 110808123 B CN110808123 B CN 110808123B CN 201910955322 A CN201910955322 A CN 201910955322A CN 110808123 B CN110808123 B CN 110808123B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000856 hastalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 59
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910021521 yttrium barium copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- PQTCMBYFWMFIGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Au] PQTCMBYFWMFIGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002696 Ag-Au Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010549 co-Evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004549 pulsed laser deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
- H01B12/02—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by their form
- H01B12/04—Single wire
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
- H01B12/16—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by cooling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Landscapes
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a superconducting tape suitable for a superconducting current lead, the superconducting current lead and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: a substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface, the first surface having a superconductive layer attached thereto; the surface of the superconducting layer is coated with a silver layer, two end parts of the superconducting layer are welding areas, and the surface of each welding area is coated with a copper layer. Compared with the existing superconducting current lead, the heat leakage rate of the superconducting current lead manufactured by the invention is reduced by half or even one order of magnitude.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of superconducting materials, in particular to a superconducting tape suitable for a superconducting current lead, the superconducting current lead and a preparation method.
Background
In recent years, high-temperature superconducting power leads have been receiving more and more attention, and when a superconducting material works below a critical temperature, a binary current lead manufactured by high-temperature superconductivity does not generate joule heat because the superconducting material is in a superconducting state. The material itself has low heat conductivity, and can greatly reduce conduction heat leakage, so that the current lead made of high-temperature superconducting material becomes an optimal choice in superconducting application.
The high-temperature superconducting material is divided into a first generation and a second generation, wherein the first generation mainly comprises BSCCO material wrapped by silver, and the second generation mainly comprises coating material taking ReBCO as a superconducting layer. Before the second generation of tapes are not mature, large magnets are generally manufactured by using the first generation of tapes to manufacture high-temperature superconducting current leads. Since the silver is 70% of the first generation material and the heat leakage is large, the Bi-2223/Ag-Au silver gold strip is developed by the strip manufacturer of the first generation.
The second generation superconducting tapes made of ReBCO (Re is a rare earth element) are also called as coated conductors, and have wider and better application prospects in various fields such as medical treatment, military, energy and the like because of higher current carrying capacity, higher magnetic field performance and lower material cost compared with bismuth-based tapes. Second generation superconducting tapes, which are also referred to as coated conductors, are generally produced by a process of applying a multilayer coating film on a nickel-based alloy substrate because ReBCO, which is a superconducting current-carrying core, is inherently hard and brittle. The second generation superconducting tapes generally consist of a base tape, a buffer layer (transition layer), a superconducting layer, and a protective layer. The role of the metal substrate is to provide the strip with excellent mechanical properties. The transition layer has the functions of preventing the mutual diffusion of elements between the superconducting layer and the metal substrate, and providing a good template for the epitaxial growth of the superconducting layer to improve the arrangement quality of YBCO crystal grains. Coated conductors with excellent superconducting properties are produced, requiring a superconducting layer with a consistent biaxial texture. Biaxial texture means that the grains are nearly uniformly aligned in both the a/b axis and the c axis (the c axis is perpendicular to the a/b plane). The alignment degree (in-plane texture) of the YBCO film in the a/b axis direction is relatively difficult to realize, and the poor in-plane texture can seriously reduce the superconducting performance. It is therefore desirable to epitaxially grow YBCO superconducting films on transition layers that already have biaxial texture and matched crystal lattice. Two main technical routes for realizing the biaxial texture are available in the preparation, one is a rolling auxiliary biaxial texture base band technology, and the other is an ion beam auxiliary deposition technology. The common techniques for preparing the ReBCO superconducting layer are divided into various techniques, such as pulsed laser deposition, metal organic chemical vapor deposition, reaction co-evaporation and the like. The protective layer is mainly used for protecting the superconducting film layer, and a silver layer with the thickness of 1-5um is generally plated on the front surface and the back surface of the superconducting tape. Followed by copper plating or subsequent package reinforcement.
After the development of the second generation of tapes, each unit of superconducting application projects began to use the second generation of tapes to trial manufacture high temperature superconducting current leads.
Because the high-temperature superconducting tape can bear large current, the tape consumption required by the current lead is small in one superconducting application, and the length of the tape of one current lead is only dozens of centimeters generally. Therefore, a situation has long been formed: for the few second-generation high-temperature superconducting tape manufacturers, in order to optimize and modify the structural design of the tapes specially for customers with such a small amount of tape usage, the customers at the application end often select mature product tapes, and the published papers at present do not have second-generation tape structures specially customized for the high-temperature superconducting current lead, and the current lead performance which is compared with the current lead performance manufactured by the second-generation high-temperature superconducting tapes is only the current lead performance manufactured by a first-generation silver gold wire, and the potential of the second-generation tapes in the aspect of reducing heat leakage is not exploited. However, the second generation of high temperature superconducting tapes produced by the method are generally used for superconducting power or superconducting magnets, and the application scenes do not have the low heat leakage requirement of a high temperature superconducting current lead.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a superconducting tape suitable for a superconducting current lead, the superconducting current lead and a preparation method.
According to the invention, the superconducting tape suitable for the superconducting current lead comprises: a substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface, the first surface having a superconductive layer attached thereto;
the surface of the superconducting layer is coated with a silver layer, two end parts of the superconducting layer are welding areas, and the surface of each welding area is coated with a copper layer.
Preferably, the second surface is exposed; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the welding area of the second surface is coated with a second silver layer, and the surface of the second silver layer is coated with a second copper layer.
Preferably, the thickness of the silver layer is less than 2 μm.
Preferably, the substrate comprises hastelloy and has a thickness of less than 35 μm.
Preferably, the copper layer extends towards the center of the superconducting layer in addition to cladding the soldering region, over a distance greater than 1 cm.
According to the present invention, there is provided a superconducting current lead comprising: a heat-insulating support plate, a current lead portion and a superconducting tape;
the superconducting tape adopts the superconducting tape;
the current lead portion is fixed on the heat insulation supporting plate, and the current lead portion is welded on the welding area.
Preferably, the number of the superconducting tapes is one, or a plurality of the superconducting tapes are connected in parallel.
Preferably, the current lead portion is soldered on the copper layer of the soldering region with the superconducting layer facing the current lead portion.
The preparation method of the superconducting current lead wire provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
fixing the current lead part on the heat insulation support plate;
welding a current lead portion to the welding area.
Preferably, the current lead portion is soldered on the copper layer of the soldering region with the superconducting layer facing the current lead portion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. compared with the prior superconducting current lead, the heat leakage rate of the superconducting current lead manufactured by the second generation superconducting strip is reduced by half or even an order of magnitude.
The total thickness of the silver and copper layers of superconducting tapes commonly used in superconducting power or superconducting magnets is typically 40-50 μm. The thickness of the silver layer and the copper layer of the belt material facing the superconducting current lead is greatly reduced, even the belt material is plated on one side, and the generation of heat leakage is greatly reduced.
The total thickness of hastelloy, a superconducting tape substrate commonly used for superconducting power or a superconducting magnet, is usually 50 to 100 μm. The thickness of the hastelloy is reduced to below 35 mu m facing the strip of the superconducting current lead, so that the generation of heat leakage is greatly reduced.
2. Pure silver-plated protected strip material is very difficult to weld at the ends and, even if the welding is successful, the joint resistance is very high, which in turn generates a large amount of joule heat. Therefore, the area of the current lead end to which the end portion is welded is plated with a copper layer, and the superconducting surface of the superconducting tape is welded toward the current lead end. The joint manufactured in the mode has very low resistance, and the generation of joule heat at the joint part can be greatly reduced.
3. Welding of the superconducting side of the superconducting tape towards the current lead end also creates a certain joint resistance, and the local joule heating generated in this area affects the stability of the tape. The area that is usually soldered is instantaneously balanced by the joule heat due to the heat capacity of the large copper block at the current lead end, while the other side is easily affected, especially in the area where the silver layer is thin. Therefore, the copper-plated area is extended to protect the area, and the copper-plated area has a good effect on the stable application of the current lead.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a superconducting tape according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a superconducting tape according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of a superconducting current lead according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of a superconducting current lead according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a side cross-sectional view of a double-sided welded superconducting current lead according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a superconducting tape for a superconducting current lead according to the present invention includes: the superconducting device comprises a substrate 1, wherein the substrate 1 comprises an upper surface and a lower surface, the upper surface is connected with a superconducting layer 2 (the superconducting layer is a generalized superconducting layer which comprises a transition layer, the transition layer is positioned between the superconducting layer and the substrate, and the transition layer is not described in detail because of belonging to the prior art), and the lower surface of the substrate 1 is exposed; the surface of superconducting layer 2 is wrapped by silver layer 3, and both ends of superconducting layer 2 are welding region 10, and the surface of welding region 10 is wrapped by copper layer 4. The thicknesses of the various layers in the figures are not drawn to scale in order to facilitate understanding of the structures of the present invention by the skilled artisan.
In the embodiment, the substrate 1 is made of hastelloy, the silver layer 3 and the copper layer 4 are plated on one side, and the generation of heat leakage is greatly reduced. The thickness of the substrate 1 is less than 35 μm, and generation of heat leakage is greatly reduced. The thickness of the silver layer 3 is less than 2 μm.
By orienting the superconducting layer 2 toward the copper layer 4 for soldering, the resistance of the joint is very low, and the generation of joule heat at the joint part can be greatly reduced.
Welding of the superconducting side of the superconducting tape towards the current lead end also creates a certain joint resistance, and the local joule heating generated in this area affects the stability of the tape. The area that is usually soldered is instantaneously balanced by the joule heat due to the heat capacity of the large copper block at the current lead end, while the other side is easily affected, especially in the area where the silver layer is thin. Therefore, the copper-plated area is extended to protect the area, and the copper-plated area has a good effect on the stable application of the current lead. The copper layer 4 extends towards the center of the superconducting layer, beyond the cladding of the bonding area, over a distance greater than 1 cm.
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention provides a superconducting current lead, including: a heat-insulating support plate 31, a current lead portion 32, and a superconducting tape 33 employing the above-described structure. The current lead portion 32 is fixed to the heat insulating support plate 31, and the current lead portion 32 is welded to the copper layer in the welding region with the superconducting layer facing the current lead portion 32. The current lead portion 32 is connected to a power source through the heat insulating support plate 31 to the outside through a post 34. The number of superconducting tapes is one, or a plurality of superconducting tapes may be connected in parallel as shown in FIG. 4.
Since silver plating and copper plating are used on one side in this embodiment, only one side can be soldered during soldering. In other embodiments, if the number of superconducting tapes to be welded is large and stacked, i.e., if double-sided welding is required, the superconducting tapes may be processed as shown in FIG. 5. In other words, the silver layer and the copper layer are plated in the welding area on the lower surface of the substrate 1, so that the copper layers on the upper and lower surfaces of the substrate 1 can be welded with the current lead part 32, thereby realizing the double-sided welding of the superconducting tapes, and the superconducting tape array structure is mainly formed by mutually stacking and welding a plurality of superconducting tapes up and down and combining the left and right welding shown in fig. 4.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the superconducting current lead, which comprises the following steps:
fixing the current lead portion 32 on the heat insulating support plate 31;
the current lead portion 32 is soldered to the copper layer of the soldering region with the superconducting layer facing the current lead portion.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (9)
1. A superconducting tape suitable for a superconducting current lead, comprising: a substrate comprising a first surface and a second surface, the first surface having a superconductive layer attached thereto;
the surface of the superconducting layer is coated with a silver layer, two end parts of the superconducting layer are welding areas, and the surface of each welding area is coated with a copper layer;
the copper layer extends towards the center of the superconducting layer except for wrapping the welding area, and the extending distance is more than 1 cm.
2. A superconducting tape suitable for a superconducting current lead according to claim 1, wherein said second surface is exposed; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the welding area of the second surface is coated with a second silver layer, and the surface of the second silver layer is coated with a second copper layer.
3. A superconducting tape suitable for a superconducting current lead according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the silver layer is less than 2 μm.
4. A superconducting tape suitable for use as a superconducting current lead according to claim 1, wherein said substrate comprises hastelloy and has a thickness of less than 35 μm.
5. A superconducting current lead, comprising: a heat-insulating support plate, a current lead portion and a superconducting tape;
the superconducting tape is the superconducting tape according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
the current lead portion is fixed on the heat insulation supporting plate, and the current lead portion is welded on the welding area.
6. The superconducting current lead according to claim 5, wherein the number of the superconducting tapes is one or a plurality of tapes connected in parallel.
7. The superconducting current lead of claim 5, wherein the current lead portion is soldered on the copper layer of the soldering region with the superconducting layer facing the current lead portion.
8. A method for producing a superconducting current lead according to claim 5, comprising:
fixing the current lead part on the heat insulation support plate;
welding a current lead portion to the welding area.
9. The method of manufacturing a superconducting current lead according to claim 8, wherein the current lead portion is soldered on the copper layer of the soldering region with the superconducting layer facing the current lead portion.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910955322.4A CN110808123B (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | Superconducting tape suitable for superconducting current lead, superconducting current lead and preparation method |
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| CN201910955322.4A CN110808123B (en) | 2019-10-09 | 2019-10-09 | Superconducting tape suitable for superconducting current lead, superconducting current lead and preparation method |
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| CN110808123A CN110808123A (en) | 2020-02-18 |
| CN110808123B true CN110808123B (en) | 2020-12-25 |
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| CN113257477B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-09-24 | 上海超导科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing quasi-isotropic superconducting tape, superconducting tape and superconducting cable |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102834878A (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2012-12-19 | 株式会社藤仓 | Electrode unit joining structure for superconducting wire material, superconducting wire material, and superconducting coil |
| CN104953022A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-09-30 | 富通集团（天津）超导技术应用有限公司 | Production method of superconducting wire |
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| JP2013008962A (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2013-01-10 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Superconducting element, manufacturing method of superconducting element, and superconducting current limiting device |
| JP6712125B2 (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2020-06-17 | 株式会社フジクラ | Connection structure of oxide superconducting wire and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP6678509B2 (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2020-04-08 | 株式会社東芝 | Superconducting tape wire, superconducting current lead using superconducting tape, permanent current switch and superconducting coil |
| CN207272419U (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2018-04-27 | 兰州大学 | A kind of new YBCO coating conductors welding point of graphene-containing |
| CN108538491A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-14 | 东北大学 | A kind of REBCO superconducting tapes and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102834878A (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2012-12-19 | 株式会社藤仓 | Electrode unit joining structure for superconducting wire material, superconducting wire material, and superconducting coil |
| CN104953022A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-09-30 | 富通集团（天津）超导技术应用有限公司 | Production method of superconducting wire |
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