CN110804740B - 电化学合成含磺酰基的4氢-苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪及其衍生物的方法 - Google Patents
电化学合成含磺酰基的4氢-苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪及其衍生物的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了电化学合成含磺酰基的4氢‑苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪及其衍生物的方法,属于电化学有机合成技术领域。该方法包括如下步骤:在无隔膜的电解池中加入电解质、N‑(2‑(丙‑1‑烯‑2‑基)苯基)苯甲酰胺类化合物、苯磺酰肼类化合物、电解溶剂,插入阳极及阴极,搅拌,通电,恒流条件下进行反应得到含磺酰基的4氢‑苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪及其衍生物。本发明使用的电极为一般惰性电极,无需进行电极修饰,无需额外加入金属催化剂,仅通过N‑(2‑(丙‑1‑烯‑2‑基)苯基)苯甲酰胺类化合物和苯磺酰肼类化合物作为原料,收率较高,反应体系简单有效,环境友好。本发明在常温常压下操作,简单、安全,适合大规模工业生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于电化学有机合成技术领域,具体涉及电化学合成含磺酰基的4氢-苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪及其衍生物的方法。
背景技术
含磺酰基有机化合物是一类重要的有机化合物,广泛存在于天然产物、药物、农药和具有生物活性的有机物中(如:抗菌药氨苯砜、皮肤癌药物维莫德吉、非甾体类抗雄激素药比卡鲁胺等)。4氢-苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪是一类重要的核心骨架,其不仅广泛存在于药物和天然产物中(如:抗焦虑药艾替伏辛和杀真菌剂),而且在具有重要生物活性的杂环化合物合成中常被作为一类重要的中间体(如:除莠剂和孕酮受体激动剂)。本发明中的2-苯基-4-甲基-4-((苯磺酰基)甲基)-4氢-苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪类化合物兼具上述两类化合物的核心骨架,具有较大的合成应用价值。
然而,目前为止,该类化合物的合成工作仅有两例。第一例工作为2018年Wu Jie课题组报道(Adv.Synth.Catal.2018,360,865–869)。该方法虽然使用了比较温和的光化学有机合成技术能在室温下完成反应,但是其使用的光催化剂fac-Ir(ppy)3价格十分昂贵,其中一个原料芳基重氮盐有潜在的爆炸风险,另一个提供硫源的试剂DABCO·SO2可能在反应过程中生成对环境不友好的二氧化硫气体。另一例工作为2019年Li Zejiang课题组报道(Org.Biomol.Chem.,2019,17,794–797)。该工作需要使用过量的强氧化剂硝酸银或硝酸铵铈,且反应必须在80℃下进行。此外,磺酰基的引入来自苯亚磺酸钠类化合物使得该工作磺酰基的适用范围相对较窄。
发明内容
为了寻找一种更为绿色环保且高效的合成该类化合物的方法,本发明提供一种电化学合成含磺酰基的4氢-苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪及其衍生物的方法。
本发明使用的电极为一般惰性电极,无需进行电极修饰,无需额外加入金属催化剂,收率较高,反应体系简单有效,环境友好。本发明的反应在常温常压下操作,简单、安全,适合大规模工业生产。
本发明的合成路线如下:
R1表示与烯基连接的不同基团,如:芳基、甲基。R2表示与羰基连接的不同基团,如:芳基、烷基。R3表示与芳基连接的不同基团,如:氢原子、吸电子基团、供电子基团。
本发明的目的通过下述技术方案实现。
电化学合成含磺酰基的4氢-苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪及其衍生物,包括以下步骤:
在无隔膜的电解池中加入电解质、N-(2-(丙-1-烯-2-基)苯基)苯甲酰胺类化合物、苯磺酰肼类化合物、电解溶剂,插入阳极及阴极,搅拌,通电,恒流条件下进行反应,反应完成后,用有机溶剂对电解液进行有机萃取然后再分离提纯,得到含磺酰基的4氢-苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪及其衍生物。
优选地,所述阴极为铂电极,所述阳极为碳电极。
优选地,所述反应在惰性气体氛围下进行。
优选地,所述电解溶剂为乙腈、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的一种以上。
优选地,所述电解质为四正丁基四氟硼酸铵、四正丁基高氯酸铵、四正丁基六氟磷酸铵、高氯酸钠的一种以上。
优选地,所述电解质在电解溶剂中的摩尔浓度为0.1-0.2mol/L。
优选地,所述反应的电流为8-12mA。
优选地,所述反应的时间为120-210min。
优选地,所述有机溶剂为乙酸乙酯。
优选地,所述(N-(2-(丙-1-烯-2-基)苯基)苯甲酰胺类化合物与苯磺酰肼类化合物之间的摩尔比为1:2-1:4。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的优点及效果:
(1)本发明的底物适用范围广,反应收率较高,操作简单。
(2)本发明使用的阳极为惰性电极,不存在金属阳极消耗问题,产率高。
(3)本发明无需额外添加金属催化剂、氧化剂,反应体系简单高效,环境友好。
(4)本发明避免了高温高压的苛刻条件,反应在常温常压下操作,简单、安全,适合大规模工业生产。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的产物3a的1H NMR图谱。
图2为本发明实施例1的产物3a的13C NMR图谱。
图3为本发明实施例2的产物3b的1H NMR图谱。
图4为本发明实施例2的产物3b的13C NMR图谱。
图5为本发明实施例3的产物3c的1H NMR图谱。
图6为本发明实施例3的产物3c的13C NMR图谱。
图7为本发明实施例4的产物3d的1H NMR图谱。
图8为本发明实施例4的产物3d的13C NMR图谱。
图9为本发明实施例5的产物3e的1H NMR图谱。
图10为本发明实施例5的产物3e的13C NMR图谱。
图11为本发明实施例6的产物3f的1H NMR图谱。
图12为本发明实施例6的产物3f的13C NMR图谱。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式不限于此。
实施例1
以碳电极为阳极,铂电极为阴极,在反应管中依次加入0.5mmol四正丁基高氯酸铵、0.5mmol苯磺酰肼,0.2mmol N-(2-(丙-1-烯-2-基)苯基)苯甲酰胺,磁力搅拌子,盖上盖子,将管中空气置换为氮气,插上氮气球,加入2.5mL DMF、接通电源,调节电流为8mA,室温下电解210min。反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯对反应液进行萃取,分离提纯后得到相应的产物3a,产物3a的收率为49%。本实施例的反应路线如下:
本实施例产物核磁共振氢谱如图1所示:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.06–8.04(m,2H),7.72–7.69(m,2H),7.49–7.40(m,4H),7.35–7.24(m,4H),7.17–7.10(m,2H),3.83(d,J=14.8Hz,1H),3.63(d,J=14.8Hz,1H),2.07(s,3H);核磁共振碳谱如图2所示:13C{1H}NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ155.7,140.6,138.3,133.5,132.0,131.6,129.5,129.2,128.22,128.19,127.7,127.01,126.95,125.6,123.2,77.9,64.0,27.1。
实施例2
以碳电极为阳极,铂电极为阴极,在反应管中依次加入0.25mmol四正丁基四氟硼酸铵、0.5mmol对甲基苯磺酰肼,0.2mmol N-(2-(丙-1-烯-2-基)苯基)苯甲酰胺,磁力搅拌子,盖上盖子,将管中空气置换为氮气,插上氮气球,加入2.5mL MeCN、接通电源,调节电流为8mA,室温下电解210min。反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯对反应液进行萃取,分离提纯后得到相应的产物3b,产物3b的收率为76%。本实施例的反应路线如下:
本实施例产物核磁共振氢谱如图3所示:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.02(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.58(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.50–7.46(m,1H),7.41–7.37(m,2H),7.32–7.25(m,2H),7.19–7.10(m,4H),3.82(d,J=14.8Hz,1H),3.61(d,J=14.8Hz,1H),2.28(s,3H),2.06(s,3H);核磁共振碳谱如图4所示:13C{1H}NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ155.6,144.5,138.3,137.7,132.0,131.5,129.8,129.4,128.2,128.1,127.8,127.0,125.6,123.3,77.9,64.1,27.2,21.5。
实施例3
以碳电极为阳极,铂电极为阴极,在反应管中依次加入0.25mmol四正丁基六氟磷酸铵、0.5mmol苯磺酰肼,0.2mmol N-(2-(丙-1-烯-2-基)苯基)苯甲酰胺,磁力搅拌子,盖上盖子,将管中空气置换为氮气,插上氮气球,加入2.5mL MeCN、接通电源,调节电流为12mA,室温下电解120min。反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯对反应液进行萃取,分离提纯后得到相应的产物3c,产物3c的收率为65%。本实施例的反应路线如下:
本实施例产物核磁共振氢谱如图5所示:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.95–7.94(m,2H),7.66–7.63(m,2H),7.51–7.48(m,1H),7.41–7.34(m,3H),7.30–7.23(m,8H),6.91–6.87(m,2H),4.33(d,J=15.4Hz,1H),4.27(d,J=15.4Hz,1H);核磁共振碳谱如图6所示:13C{1H}NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ165.6(d,JC-F=255.0Hz),154.6,141.7,138.7,136.6(d,JC-F=2.5Hz),131.8,131.6,131.2(d,JC-F=10.0Hz),129.7,128.8,128.7,128.3,127.8,126.5,126.1,125.33,125.25,123.9,116.1(d,JC-F=22.5Hz),80.9,64.9。
实施例4
以碳电极为阳极,铂电极为阴极,在反应管中依次加入0.5mmol高氯酸钠、0.5mmol苯磺酰肼,0.2mmol N-(2-(丙-1-烯-2-基)苯基)苯甲酰胺,磁力搅拌子,盖上盖子,将管中空气置换为氮气,插上氮气球,加入2.5mL MeCN、接通电源,调节电流为12mA,室温下电解120min。反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯对反应液进行萃取,分离提纯后得到相应的产物3d,产物3d的收率为45%。本实施例的反应路线如下:
本实施例产物核磁共振氢谱如图7所示:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.74–7.72(m,2H),7.590–7.585(m,1H),7.53–7.49(m,1H),7.41–7.38(m,2H),7.31–7.27(m,2H),7.17–7.14(m,1H),7.12–7.10(m,1H),7.04–7.03(m,1H),6.51–6.50(m,1H),3.78(d,J=14.9Hz,1H),3.57(d,J=14.8Hz,1H),2.09(s,3H);核磁共振碳谱如图8所示:13C{1H}NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ148.6,146.0,145.8,140.6,137.8,133.5,129.7,129.2,127.7,127.1,127.0,125.6,123.3,115.9,111.9,78.0,63.6,26.7。
实施例5
以碳电极为阳极,铂电极为阴极,在反应管中依次加入0.25mmol四正丁基六氟磷酸铵、0.5mmol苯磺酰肼,0.2mmol N-(2-(丙-1-烯-2-基)苯基)苯甲酰胺,磁力搅拌子,盖上盖子,将管中空气置换为氮气,插上氮气球,加入2.5mL MeCN、接通电源,调节电流为8mA,室温下电解210min。反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯对反应液进行萃取,分离提纯后得到相应的产物3e,产物3e的收率为70%。本实施例的反应路线如下:
本实施例产物核磁共振氢谱如图9所示:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.73–7.71(m,2H),7.64–7.63(m,1H),7.49–7.46(m,2H),7.39–7.35(m,2H),7.29–7.25(m,1H),7.22–7.20(m,1H),7.15–7.10(m,2H),7.07–7.05(m,1H),3.80(d,J=14.8Hz,1H),3.60(d,J=14.8Hz,1H),2.07(s,3H);核磁共振碳谱如图10所示:13C{1H}NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ152.3,140.7,138.3,136.2,133.5,130.9,130.6,129.6,129.2,127.7,126.9,126.8,125.3,123.3,78.3,63.8,26.9。
实施例6
以碳电极为阳极,铂电极为阴极,在反应管中依次加入0.25mmol四正丁基四氟硼酸铵、0.5mmol苯磺酰肼,0.2mmol N-(2-(丙-1-烯-2-基)苯基)苯甲酰胺,磁力搅拌子,盖上盖子,将管中空气置换为氮气,插上氮气球,加入2.5mL MeCN、接通电源,调节电流为8mA,室温下电解210min。反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯对反应液进行萃取,分离提纯后得到相应的产物3f,产物3f的收率为75%。本实施例的反应路线如下:
本实施例产物核磁共振氢谱如图11所示:1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ7.70–7.68(m,2H),7.55–7.52(m,1H),7.43–7.40(m,2H),7.21–7.17(m,1H),7.10–7.09(m,1H),7.03–6.96(m,2H),3.73(d,J=14.8Hz,1H),3.67(d,J=14.8Hz,1H),1.88(s,3H),1.22(s,9H);核磁共振碳谱如图12所示:13C{1H}NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ166.7,140.8,138.2,133.5,129.21,129.18,127.7,126.4,126.2,125.2,123.2,77.1,64.1,37.2,27.4。
实施例7
以碳电极为阳极,铂电极为阴极,在反应管中依次加入0.5mmol四正丁基高氯酸铵、0.4mmol苯磺酰肼,0.2mmol N-(2-(丙-1-烯-2-基)苯基)苯甲酰胺,磁力搅拌子,盖上盖子,将管中空气置换为氮气,插上氮气球,加入2.5mL MeCN,接通电源,调节电流为8mA,室温下电解150min。反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯对反应液进行萃取,分离提纯后得到相应的产物3a,产物3a的收率为48%。本实施例的反应路线如下:
实施例8
以碳电极为阳极,铂电极为阴极,在反应管中依次加入0.5mmol四正丁基四氟硼酸铵铵、0.8mmol苯磺酰肼,0.2mmol N-(2-(丙-1-烯-2-基)苯基)苯甲酰胺,磁力搅拌子,盖上盖子,将管中空气置换为氮气,插上氮气球,加入2.5mL MeCN、接通电源,调节电流为8mA,室温下电解210min。反应结束后,用乙酸乙酯对反应液进行萃取,分离提纯后得到相应的产物3a,产物3a的收率为75%。本实施例的反应路线如下:
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例限制,其它任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.电化学合成含磺酰基的4氢-苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪及其衍生物的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
在无隔膜的电解池中加入电解质、N-(2-(丙-1-烯-2-基)苯基)苯甲酰胺类化合物、苯磺酰肼类化合物、电解溶剂,插入阳极及阴极,搅拌,通电,恒流条件下进行反应,反应完成后,用有机溶剂对电解液进行有机萃取然后再分离提纯,得到含磺酰基的4氢-苯并[d][1,3]噁嗪及其衍生物;所述N-(2-(丙-1-烯-2-基)苯基)苯甲酰胺类化合物为N-(2-(丙-1-烯-2-基)苯基)苯甲酰胺;所述苯磺酰肼类化合物为苯磺酰肼、对甲基苯磺酰肼中的一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述阴极为铂电极,所述阳极为碳电极。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述反应在惰性气体氛围下进行。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述电解溶剂为乙腈、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的一种以上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述电解质为四正丁基四氟硼酸铵、四正丁基高氯酸铵、四正丁基六氟磷酸铵和高氯酸钠的一种以上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述电解质在电解溶剂中的摩尔浓度为0.1-0.2mol/L。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在,所述反应的电流为8-12mA。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述反应的时间为120-210min。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述有机溶剂为乙酸乙酯。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述N-(2-(丙-1-烯-2-基)苯基) 苯甲酰胺类化合物与苯磺酰肼类化合物之间的摩尔比为1:2-1:4。
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