CN110801530A - Aseptic liquid dressing and its preparing process - Google Patents
Aseptic liquid dressing and its preparing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN110801530A CN110801530A CN201911180614.1A CN201911180614A CN110801530A CN 110801530 A CN110801530 A CN 110801530A CN 201911180614 A CN201911180614 A CN 201911180614A CN 110801530 A CN110801530 A CN 110801530A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L26/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, wound dressings or bandages in liquid, gel or powder form
- A61L26/0004—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, wound dressings or bandages in liquid, gel or powder form containing inorganic materials
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L26/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, wound dressings or bandages in liquid, gel or powder form
- A61L26/0061—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
- A61L26/0066—Medicaments; Biocides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/10—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices containing or releasing inorganic materials
- A61L2300/106—Halogens or compounds thereof, e.g. iodine, chlorite
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2300/00—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
- A61L2300/40—Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices characterised by a specific therapeutic activity or mode of action
- A61L2300/404—Biocides, antimicrobial agents, antiseptic agents
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Abstract
An aseptic liquid dressing and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of medical liquid dressings and preparation thereof. The method comprises the following steps: putting 9g of sodium chloride into 200-400g of pure water, stirring and dissolving to obtain a sodium chloride solution, and controlling the mass percent concentration of the sodium chloride solution to obtain a first solution; 0.001-10g of stabilizer is put into 250g of pure water, stirred and dissolved to obtain a second solution; and adding the second solution into the first solution or adding the first solution into the second solution, stirring, adding 0.125-10g of sodium hypochlorite solution, continuously stirring to obtain a mixed solution, adding 4-10ml of hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution, finally fixing the volume to 1000g by using pure water, filtering by using a thin film filtration method, and performing aseptic filling to obtain the aseptic liquid dressing. The ideal sterilization effect is exerted; killing pathogenic microorganisms; delaying the preservation time of hypochlorous acid; the steps are concise; preventing the invasion of bacteria which may be introduced during the production process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical liquid dressings and preparation thereof, and particularly relates to an aseptic liquid dressing and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The skin is the largest organ of the human body. The developed area of the skin of an adult is about 2 square meters and the weight is about 16% of the weight of the human body. It protects various tissues and organs in the body from physical, mechanical, chemical and pathogenic microbial attack. The skin has a barrier effect in two ways: firstly, the water, electrolyte and other substances in the body are prevented from losing; secondly, prevent the invasion of external harmful substances. The skin keeps the stability of the environment in the human body, and simultaneously, the skin also participates in the metabolic process of the human body.
With the development of society, various wounds, senile diseases and metabolic diseases are frequently generated, and various wound problems are often accompanied. The wound surface is a common clinical problem, which causes heavy economic and psychological burden to patients and families thereof, and also brings some social problems. Statistically, about l% of the world's population is plagued by persistent wound problems, with about 5% of medical costs being spent on wound repair. The incidence of wounds, especially chronic refractory wounds, tends to increase year by year. The costs for chronic wound therapy in the united states are $ 80 million per year and are expected to increase at a rate of 10% per year. In China, 4000 ten thousand patients with chronic wounds caused by diabetes are counted, and 500 plus 1000 million patients with burn are counted each year. Only a few people have wounds which are easy to heal, and most people have wounds which are difficult to heal or form severe scars, so that the life quality is influenced.
The technical information related to the sterile liquid dressing can be seen in the published Chinese patent documents, for example, CN108969795B recommends "a functional liquid dressing for difficult-to-heal wound surface and a preparation method thereof", and the components are as follows: 10-75% of organosilicon quaternary ammonium salt, 15-85% of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, 1-8% of allantoin, 1.2-3% of vitamin C and 2-6% of calcium alginate; further, CN109010907B provides "a functional wound-protecting liquid dressing and a preparation method thereof", which comprises the following components: 23-65% of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, 18-50% of organosilicon quaternary ammonium salt, 15-46% of double-chain quaternary ammonium salt, 1-6% of sodium hyaluronate and 120.6-2% of vitamin B; further, as introduced in CN109907069A, "a hypochlorous acid disinfectant and a preparation method thereof", the raw materials and the weight percentages thereof are: 5-8% of hypochlorous acid, 1-3% of sodium hypochlorite, 0.5-1% of polyhexamethylene guanidine, 0.1-0.5% of chitosan, 4-8% of multi-modified water-soluble chitosan, 1-5% of nano silicon dioxide, 0.8-1.4% of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2% of inositol, 1-2% of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, 2-4% of polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether, 1-2% of quaternized polyether amine, 1-2% of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 3-5% of dodecanoic acid, 15-20% of ethanol and the balance of deionized water.
The formulation of CN109907069A described above uses hypochlorous acid, so the bactericidal effect of CN105969795B and CN109010907B described above is inferior to that of CN109907069A, but CN109907069A has disadvantages of many and complicated raw materials, short storage and maintenance time of hypochlorous acid, and no suggestion of how to accelerate wound healing and avoid wound infection. The technical solutions described below have been created in this context.
Disclosure of Invention
The primary task of the present invention is to provide a sterile liquid dressing that is both conducive to accelerating wound healing and to significantly reducing wound infection.
The other task of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the sterile liquid dressing, which has the advantages of non-harsh preparation conditions and simple preparation process, can meet the requirement of industrial scale-up production, and can ensure that the technical effect of the prepared sterile liquid dressing is comprehensively embodied.
In order to embody the primary task of the invention, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a sterile liquid dressing comprising, per 1000g weight of finished sterile liquid dressing: 9g of sodium chloride, 0.125-10g of sodium hypochlorite solution, 0.001-10g of stabilizer, 4-10ml of hydrochloric acid and the balance of pure water.
A sterile liquid dressing comprising, per 1000g weight of finished sterile liquid dressing: 9g of sodium chloride, 0.5g of sodium hypochlorite solution, 0.1g of stabilizer, 4ml of hydrochloric acid and the balance of pure water.
A sterile liquid dressing comprising, per 1000g weight of finished sterile liquid dressing: 9g of sodium chloride, 0.125g of sodium hypochlorite solution, 10g of stabilizing agent, 6ml of hydrochloric acid and the balance of pure water.
A sterile liquid dressing comprising, per 1000g weight of finished sterile liquid dressing: 9g of sodium chloride, 10g of sodium hypochlorite solution, 0.001g of stabilizer, 8ml of hydrochloric acid and the balance of pure water.
A sterile liquid dressing comprising, per 1000g weight of finished sterile liquid dressing: 9g of sodium chloride, 5g of sodium hypochlorite solution, 6g of stabilizing agent, 10ml of hydrochloric acid and the balance of pure water.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the stabilizer is one or a mixture of sodium silicate, sodium bicarbonate, boron nitride, sodium alginate and mannitol; the mass percentage concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 1-6%; the pure water is medical injection water.
In order to embody another task of the present invention, the technical solution provided by the present invention is: a method of preparing a sterile liquid dressing comprising the steps of:
A) preparing a first solution, namely putting 9g of sodium chloride into 400g of pure water 200-;
B) preparing a second solution, namely putting 0.001-10g of a stabilizer into 250g of pure water, stirring and dissolving to obtain a second solution;
C) and (3) preparing a finished product, namely adding the second solution obtained in the step B) into the first solution obtained in the step A) or adding the first solution obtained in the step A) into the second solution obtained in the step B), stirring, controlling the stirring time, adding 0.125-10g of sodium hypochlorite solution, continuously stirring, controlling the continuous stirring time to obtain a mixed solution, adding 4-10ml of hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution, using pure water to fix the volume to 1000g, filtering by a thin film filtration method, and performing aseptic filling to obtain the aseptic liquid dressing.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the controlling of the concentration by mass% of the sodium chloride solution in step a) is controlling the concentration by mass% of the sodium chloride solution to 0.9%.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, the stirring time in step C) is controlled to be 5 to 10 min; the time for controlling the continuous stirring is to control the time for continuous stirring to be 3-7 min.
In yet another specific embodiment of the present invention, the pH value in step C) is 3.5-6.5; in the sterile liquid dressing, the hypochlorous acid content is 40-500 ppm; the membrane filtration method is as follows: filtering with a double-layer film having filtering micropores with the pore diameter of less than or equal to 0.02 μm.
One of the technical effects of the technical scheme provided by the invention is that as the sodium hypochlorite solution is introduced into the formula and the hypochlorous acid is a strong oxidizer, the hypochlorous acid is decomposed to form nascent oxygen, and the extremely strong oxidizability of the nascent oxygen enables substances such as proteins on thalli and viruses to denature so as to play an ideal bactericidal effect; hypochlorous acid permeates into the body of the bacteria (viruses) and is subjected to oxidation reaction with organic macromolecules such as protein, nucleic acid, enzyme and the like of the bacteria (viruses), so that pathogenic microorganisms are killed; the chloride ions generated by hypochlorous acid can also obviously change the osmotic pressure of bacteria and virosomes, so that the cells of the bacteria and the virosomes lose activity and die; secondly, the storage time of hypochlorous acid can be delayed due to the introduction of a stabilizer in the formula; thirdly, the provided preparation method has simple process steps and no harsh process elements, so that the requirement of industrial scale-up production can be met; fourthly, because the aseptic filling is used, the invasion of bacteria possibly introduced in the production process can be prevented, and the probability of the occurrence of wound infection is reduced.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the preparation of a finished sterile liquid dressing weighing 1000g comprises the following steps:
A) preparing a first solution, namely adding 9g of sodium chloride into pure water, namely medical injection water, stirring and dissolving the sodium chloride into a sodium chloride solution, wherein the mass percent specific concentration of the sodium chloride solution is 0.9 percent, and obtaining the first solution;
B) preparing a second solution, namely putting 0.1g of sodium silicate into 150g of medical injection water, and stirring and dissolving to obtain a second solution;
C) and (3) preparing a finished product, namely adding the second solution obtained in the step B) into the first solution obtained in the step A) and stirring, controlling the stirring time to be 10min, then adding 0.5g of sodium hypochlorite solution and continuously stirring, controlling the continuous stirring time to be 7min to obtain a mixed solution, then adding 10ml of hydrochloric acid with the mass percent concentration of 6% to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to be 3.5, finally fixing the volume to 1000g by using medical injection water, filtering by using a double-layer film with filtering micropores and the pore diameter of the filtering micropores being less than or equal to 0.02 mu m, and performing aseptic filling after filtering to obtain the sterile liquid dressing with the hypochlorous acid content of 270 ppm.
Example 2:
the preparation of a finished sterile liquid dressing weighing 1000g comprises the following steps:
A) preparing a first solution, namely adding 9g of sodium chloride into pure water, namely medical injection water, stirring and dissolving the sodium chloride into a sodium chloride solution, wherein the mass percent specific concentration of the sodium chloride solution is 0.9 percent, and obtaining the first solution;
B) preparing a second solution, namely putting 5g of sodium bicarbonate and 5g of sodium silicate into 250g of medical injection water, and stirring and dissolving to obtain a second solution;
C) and (3) preparing a finished product, namely adding the first solution obtained in the step A) into the second solution obtained in the step B) and stirring, controlling the stirring time to be 5min, then adding 0.125g of sodium hypochlorite solution and continuing stirring, controlling the continuing stirring time to be 3min to obtain a mixed solution, then adding 4ml of hydrochloric acid with the mass percent ratio concentration of 2% to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to be 6.5, finally fixing the volume to 1000g by using medical injection water, filtering by using a double-layer film with filtering micropores and the pore diameter of the filtering micropores being less than or equal to 0.02 mu m, and performing aseptic filling after filtering to obtain the sterile liquid dressing with the hypochlorous acid content of 40 ppm.
Example 3:
the preparation of a finished sterile liquid dressing weighing 1000g comprises the following steps:
A) preparing a first solution, namely adding 9g of sodium chloride into pure water, namely medical injection water, stirring and dissolving the sodium chloride into a sodium chloride solution, wherein the mass percent specific concentration of the sodium chloride solution is 0.9 percent, and obtaining the first solution;
B) preparing a second solution, namely putting 0.001g of boron nitride into 100g of medical injection water, and stirring and dissolving to obtain a second solution;
C) and (3) preparing a finished product, namely adding the second solution obtained in the step B) into the first solution obtained in the step A) and stirring, controlling the stirring time to be 7min, then adding 10g of sodium hypochlorite solution and continuously stirring, controlling the continuous stirring time to be 6min to obtain a mixed solution, then adding 8ml of hydrochloric acid with the mass percent ratio concentration of 3% to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to be 4.5, finally fixing the volume to be 1000g by using medical injection water, filtering by using a double-layer film with filtering micropores and the pore diameter of the filtering micropores being less than or equal to 0.02 mu m, and performing aseptic filling after filtering to obtain the sterile liquid dressing with the hypochlorous acid content of 500 ppm.
Example 4:
the preparation of a finished sterile liquid dressing weighing 1000g comprises the following steps:
A) preparing a first solution, namely adding 9g of sodium chloride into pure water, namely medical injection water, stirring and dissolving the sodium chloride into a sodium chloride solution, wherein the mass percent specific concentration of the sodium chloride solution is 0.9 percent, and obtaining the first solution;
B) preparing a second solution, namely putting 3g of sodium alginate and 3g of mannitol alcohol into 200g of medical injection water, and stirring and dissolving to obtain a second solution;
C) and (3) preparing a finished product, namely adding the first solution obtained in the step A) into the second solution obtained in the step B) and stirring, controlling the stirring time to be 8min, then adding 5g of sodium hypochlorite solution and continuing stirring, controlling the time of continuing stirring to be 4min to obtain a mixed solution, then adding 6ml of hydrochloric acid with the mass percent ratio concentration of 1% to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution to be 5.5, finally fixing the volume to be 1000g by using medical injection water, filtering by using a double-layer film with filtering micropores, wherein the pore diameter of the filtering micropores is less than or equal to 0.02 mu m, and performing aseptic filling after filtering to obtain the sterile liquid dressing with the hypochlorous acid content of 180 ppm.
The sterile liquid dressings obtained in the above embodiments 1 to 4 can soften necrotic tissue, remove wound debris, irrigate and debride wounds, maintain the moisture of wounds, reduce odor, destroy bacterial membranes, reduce bacterial numbers, promote wound healing, and are suitable for cleaning and protecting superficial wound wounds of human bodies.
Hypochlorous acid in the body's leucocytes generates hypochlorous acid to fight germs in the face of infection. In this process, the cells use NADPH Oxidase to convert oxygen to hydrogen peroxide. Subsequently, MPO enzymes catalyze this reaction to convert hydrogen peroxide and chloride ions into hypochlorous acid. The generated hypochlorous acid will be resistant to pathogens, and is 80-100 times more potent than hypochlorite anions, since hypochlorous acid can penetrate cells, whereas hypochlorite cannot.
To examine the bacteriostatic effect of the sterile liquid dressing of the present invention, the applicant performed bacteriostatic tests on the sterile liquid dressings obtained in examples 1 to 4 according to the fourth 1121 bacteriostatic efficacy test method of pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of china 2015 edition:
test example 1:
the test procedure was as follows:
a) sterilizing a plate and a suction pipe for experiments in an electrothermal blowing dry box at 180 ℃ for 2 hours for later use;
b) preparing a fresh culture of Candida albicans, and culturing in an incubator at 30-35 ℃ for 18-24 hours.
c) Preparing the fresh culture in the step b) into bacterial suspension with the bacteria content of less than 100cfu (/ 50-100 cfu) per 1ml by adopting a liquid culture direct dilution method and using a sterile sodium chloride solution with the mass percent ratio concentration of 0.9%;
d) sucking 1ml of candida albicans suspension into a plate, and adding 1ml of sterile liquid dressing obtained in any one of embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention;
e) adding 1ml of the sterile liquid dressing obtained in any one of the embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention into a blank plate;
f) respectively injecting sterilized tryptone soy agar into an experimental plate, and culturing for 48 hours in an incubator at the temperature of 30-35 ℃;
g) and observing the record, and completing the corresponding experimental record.
Test example 2:
the test procedure was as follows:
a) sterilizing a plate and a suction pipe for experiments in an electrothermal blowing dry box at 180 ℃ for 2 hours for later use;
b) preparing a fresh culture of escherichia coli, and culturing the escherichia coli in an incubator at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 18-24 hours;
c) preparing the fresh culture in the step b) into bacterial suspension with the bacteria content of less than 100cfu (/ 50-100 cfu) per 1ml by adopting a liquid culture direct dilution method and using a sterile sodium chloride solution with the mass percent ratio concentration of 0.9%;
d) sucking 1ml of escherichia coli bacterial suspension into a plate, and adding 1ml of sterile liquid dressing obtained in any one of embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention;
e) adding 1ml of the sterile liquid dressing obtained in any one of the embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention into a blank plate;
f) respectively injecting sterilized tryptone soy agar into an experimental plate, and culturing for 48 hours in an incubator at the temperature of 30-35 ℃;
g) and observing the record, and completing the corresponding experimental record.
Test example 3:
the test procedure was as follows:
a) sterilizing a plate and a suction pipe for experiments in an electrothermal blowing dry box at 180 ℃ for 2 hours for later use;
b) preparing a fresh culture of staphylococcus aureus, and culturing the staphylococcus aureus in an incubator at the temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 18-24 hours.
c) Preparing the fresh culture in the step b) into bacterial suspension with the bacteria content of less than 100cfu (/ 50-100 cfu) per 1ml by adopting a liquid culture direct dilution method and using a sterile sodium chloride solution with the mass percent ratio concentration of 0.9%;
d) sucking 1ml of staphylococcus aureus bacterial suspension into a plate, and adding 1ml of sterile liquid dressing obtained in any one of embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention;
e) adding 1ml of the sterile liquid dressing obtained in any one of the embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention into a blank plate;
f) respectively injecting sterilized tryptone soy agar into an experimental plate, and culturing for 48 hours in an incubator at the temperature of 30-35 ℃;
g) and observing the record, and completing the corresponding experimental record.
The results obtained in the above test examples 1, 2 and 3 are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above table, the sterile liquid dressing provided by the invention can achieve the effect of completely killing Candida albicans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
Claims (10)
1. A sterile liquid dressing comprising, per 1000g weight of finished sterile liquid dressing: 9g of sodium chloride, 0.125-10g of sodium hypochlorite solution, 0.001-10g of stabilizer, 4-10ml of hydrochloric acid and the balance of pure water.
2. A sterile liquid dressing as claimed in claim 1, comprising per 1000g weight of finished sterile liquid dressing: 9g of sodium chloride, 0.5g of sodium hypochlorite solution, 0.1g of stabilizer, 4ml of hydrochloric acid and the balance of pure water.
3. A sterile liquid dressing as claimed in claim 1, comprising per 1000g weight of finished sterile liquid dressing: 9g of sodium chloride, 0.125g of sodium hypochlorite solution, 10g of stabilizing agent, 6ml of hydrochloric acid and the balance of pure water.
4. A sterile liquid dressing as claimed in claim 1, comprising per 1000g weight of finished sterile liquid dressing: 9g of sodium chloride, 10g of sodium hypochlorite solution, 0.001g of stabilizer, 8ml of hydrochloric acid and the balance of pure water.
5. A sterile liquid dressing as claimed in claim 1, comprising per 1000g weight of finished sterile liquid dressing: 9g of sodium chloride, 5g of sodium hypochlorite solution, 6g of stabilizing agent, 10ml of hydrochloric acid and the balance of pure water.
6. A sterile liquid dressing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the stabilising agent is one or a mixture of sodium silicate, sodium bicarbonate, boron nitride, sodium alginate and mannitol; the mass percentage concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 1-6%; the pure water is medical injection water.
7. A method of preparing a sterile liquid dressing as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
A) preparing a first solution, namely putting 9g of sodium chloride into 400g of pure water 200-;
B) preparing a second solution, namely putting 0.001-10g of a stabilizer into 250g of pure water, stirring and dissolving to obtain a second solution;
C) and (3) preparing a finished product, namely adding the second solution obtained in the step B) into the first solution obtained in the step A) or adding the first solution obtained in the step A) into the second solution obtained in the step B), stirring, controlling the stirring time, adding 0.125-10g of sodium hypochlorite solution, continuously stirring, controlling the continuous stirring time to obtain a mixed solution, adding 4-10ml of hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value of the mixed solution, using pure water to fix the volume to 1000g, filtering by a thin film filtration method, and performing aseptic filling to obtain the aseptic liquid dressing.
8. The method for preparing sterile liquid dressing according to claim 7, wherein the controlling of the concentration by mass% of the sodium chloride solution in the step A) is controlling the concentration by mass% of the sodium chloride solution to 0.9%.
9. The method for preparing sterile liquid dressing according to claim 7, wherein the stirring time is controlled to 5-10min in step C); the time for controlling the continuous stirring is to control the time for continuous stirring to be 3-7 min.
10. The method of preparing a sterile liquid dressing according to claim 7, characterized in that the pH value in step C) is 3.5-6.5; in the sterile liquid dressing, the hypochlorous acid content is 40-500 ppm; the membrane filtration method is as follows: filtering with a double-layer film having filtering micropores with the pore diameter of less than or equal to 0.02 μm.
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Application publication date: 20200218 |