CN110797106A - Preparation model and application of coarse cereal rice rich in dietary fiber and balanced in nutrition - Google Patents
Preparation model and application of coarse cereal rice rich in dietary fiber and balanced in nutrition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation model and application of coarse cereal rice which is rich in dietary fibers and balanced in nutrition. The dietary fiber has the effects of helping digestion, preventing constipation, reducing cholesterol and hypertension and the like, and is urgently needed to be supplemented by modern people. The food formula design method provided by the invention can optimize the food formula to the maximum extent so as to achieve the purposes of strengthening nutrition, reducing cost and the like.
Description
(I) technical field
The invention relates to preparation of coarse cereal rice, in particular to a preparation model of coarse cereal rice which is rich in dietary fiber and balanced in nutrition and application thereof.
(II) background of the invention
The high-quality food can provide energy and balanced nutrients required by the living of the organism only by a scientific and reasonable formula, so the formula design of the food plays an important role in the production and processing processes of the food. Nowadays, the coarse cereal resources in China are large in reserve and have the advantage of relatively low cost, and the coarse cereal nutritional food has the outstanding characteristics of integrating nutrition, safety and health care. In recent years, with the increasing health consciousness and health care desire of people, scientific diet is more desired. The content of the dietary fiber of the coarse cereals is far higher than that of the rice and the wheat, and the fiber content of the rice serving as the staple food can be improved after the composition is compounded. The vitamins in the refined white grains and products are almost destroyed, and the water-soluble vitamin b is easy to be greatly lost in the cleaning process.
Formula design calculation is an important link of food formula design, and an effective and reasonable formula design calculation method is a premise for obtaining an optimal food formula. At present, the matching research based on dietary fiber type coarse cereal rice is less, objective quantitative data of formulas of various coarse cereal rice obtained by the existing formula design method is few, and a reasonable, accurate and comprehensive means is lacked, so that the method is embodied that the subjective evaluation of formula designers is taken as a guide mode at present in the formula design of Chinese coarse cereal rice raw materials, an effective objective evaluation quantitative data is taken as a guide formula combination recommendation and proportion optimization method is lacked, and the method is not beneficial to the long-term stable development of products.
Disclosure of the invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation model of coarse cereal rice which is rich in dietary fiber and balanced in nutrition and application thereof. The preparation mathematical model is used for preparing the coarse cereal rice on the premise of optimizing an objective function, supplementing dietary fibers and amino acids which are lacked in food of people and controlling the cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a coarse cereal rice preparation model rich in dietary fibers and balanced in nutrition, and the mathematical formula of the model is as follows:
an objective function:
Y＝∑1-k(Xk×RSN12k)
wherein RSN12k＝∑1-12(Nutrientik/DRIsik)/EDik×100％
Constraint conditions are as follows:
X1+X2+……+Xk＝100％
y is the total quality score of 12 nutrients per 100g of the formula; k is the raw material type number; xkThe mass percentage of the kth raw material in the formula; the nutrient type is i, i is 1,2, … … 12, and the corresponding nutrients are: protein (i ═ 1), dietary fiber (i ═ 2), vitamin C (i ═ 3), vitamin a (i ═ 4), vitamin E (i ═ 5), vitamin B1(i ═ 6), riboflavin (i ═ 7), niacin (i ═ 8), calcium (i ═ 9), potassium (i ═ 10), iron (i ═ 11), magnesium (i ═ 12);
RSN12kthe quality scores were 12 nutrients per 100g of each material. Wherein the NutrientikThe content of nutrient i in each 100g of kth raw material (see table 1, refer to chinese food ingredient table: beijing university medical press, 2009); DRIsikRecommended daily intake or suitable intake of nutrient i (refer to dietary nutrient intake of chinese residents: scientific press, 2013 edition); ED (electronic device)ik(energy density) is the energy value/recommended energy intake standard per 100g of kth material (refer to dietary nutrient intake of chinese residents: scientific press, 2013 edition).
WkThe content of dietary fiber per 100g of raw materials of the formula AkEach raw material of the formula contains 100g of lysine BkEach raw material of the formula has leucine content per 100g, VkEach raw material has unit price per 100 g.
The invention provides an application of the coarse cereal rice preparation model in preparation of coarse cereal rice, and the application method comprises the following steps: searching various key words from an online database and related books, collecting 90 raw materials which are rich in dietary fiber and balanced in nutrition and are prepared from rice, beans and potatoes and other starches, and counting and sorting the 15 raw materials of the five cereals with higher occurrence rate.
Solving the mathematical model by adopting a linear programming solving program in excel according to an objective function and a constraint condition on various coarse grain raw materials, and when X is usedkIf so, the formula meets the preset conditions; when X is presentkAnd when no solution exists, increasing the number of the types of the raw materials, or increasing and reducing the proportion of part of the raw materials until the mathematical model has a solution, and obtaining the corresponding formula of the coarse cereal rice.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the coarse cereal rice prepared by the method is added with the coarse cereal raw materials with extremely high dietary fiber content in the formula design, and the proportion of other nutrient elements such as amino acid and the like is considered, so that the dietary fiber nutrition of the coarse cereal rice is greatly improved, and the coarse cereal rice has balanced various nutrients. The dietary fiber has the effects of helping digestion, preventing constipation, reducing cholesterol and hypertension and the like, and is urgently needed to be supplemented by modern people.
2. The traditional food formula has single design target and few raw material options, and the combination of raw materials and the nutritional structure of the formula food cannot be comprehensively optimized. The food formula design method provided by the invention can optimize the food formula to the maximum extent so as to achieve the purposes of strengthening nutrition, reducing cost and the like.
3. Most of the past food formula designs aim at a specific food, the food information quantity involved in formula calculation is small, and the objective function and the constraint condition of the mathematical model are single. The invention has the advantages that a set of universal food preparation model is provided, the food cost, energy and almost all food nutrient content information are considered during the formula design, and the formula design adopts a multi-constraint mathematical model, so that the formula design method has stronger universality and is more flexible to implement. In addition, the method adopts a linear programming solving program to solve the formula mathematical model, so that the method has better universality and expansibility.
4. Binding to RSN12The scheme is evaluated by the score, so that the analysis is more comprehensive, and the formula scheme is more scientific, effective and acceptable.
(IV) detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto:
example 1 establishment of a mathematical model for preparing dietary fiber, coarse cereal and rice
(1) Establishment of data set of raw materials of coarse cereal rice
a. Searching and collecting 90 kinds of cereal grains which are rich in dietary fiber and balanced in nutrition from online databases and related books by using various key words.
b. Classifying according to the types of the raw materials through statistical arrangement: screening rice, beans and potato starch for frequent occurrence to obtain 15 kinds of coarse cereal raw materials with high utilization rate;
c. according to the Chinese food ingredient table (Beijing university medical publishers, 2009), the contents of dietary fiber, energy, protein, fat and essential amino acid of each raw material in different raw material categories are obtained, the nutritional contents of the dietary fiber, the protein, the essential amino acid and the like are effectively increased according to the advantage complementation of the nutritional ingredients among different raw materials, and the raw material categories for preparing the coarse cereal rice are selected, wherein the numbers are 1 to k, and k is a positive integer.
d. Selecting average price of market raw materials, using V to represent total formula cost, and respectively recording V according to raw material type number1To VkIn which V iskThe price of the kth raw material.
e. Calculate each raw amino acid score using AAS method:
the amino acid scoring method (AAS) is the most basic formulation design method, and the theoretical basis in nutrition is the amino acid balance in proteins, which is defined as follows: AAS is the mass content of amino acids in food proteins/mass content of the same amino acid in FAO recommendation model (recommended amino acid requirement by the food and agriculture organization of the united nations 1973) × 100. Selecting lysine and leucine which are most deficient in the common rice as improvement points to obtain the lysine score and the leucine score of each raw material; the amino acids are lysine and leucine.
(2) Establishment of mathematical model for preparing coarse cereal rice
a. Determination of coarse cereal raw materials
In three major types of data set coarse cereal grains, rice is taken as a main raw material, beans and potato starch are selected from two raw materials respectively, common coarse cereal grain formula raw materials are sold in the market, and the selected raw materials are determined as follows: black beans, red beans, buckwheat, quinoa, barley, black rice, sorghum rice, highland barley, red fragrant rice, brown rice, oat rice, black millet, sweet potatoes, taro and corn which are respectively numbered from 1 to k, and k is 15.
Setting the mass percentage of each raw material in the formula as X, wherein the mass content of each raw material is not less than 2 percent, and X is X ═ X1、X2、……、Xk，XkIs the mass percentage of the kth raw material in the formula. The nutrient type is i, i is 1,2, … … 12, and the corresponding nutrients are: protein (i ═ 1), dietary fiber (i ═ 2), vitamin C (i ═ 3), vitamin a (i ═ 4), vitamin E (i ═ 5), vitamin B1(i ═ 6), riboflavin (i ═ 7), niacin (i ═ 8), calcium (i ═ 9), potassium (i ═ 10), iron (i ═ 11), magnesium (i ═ 12).
The total quality score of the 12 nutrients in each raw material is recorded as RSN12k。
Objective function Y ═ Σ1-k(Xk×RSN12k) And the objective function is the total quality score of the nutrients in the formula.
RSN12kThe calculation formula is as follows: RSN12k＝∑1-12(Nutrientik/DRIsik)/EDik×100％，
Wherein the NutrientikThe content of nutrient i in each 100g of kth raw material (see table 1, refer to chinese food ingredient table: beijing university medical press, 2009); DRIsikRecommended daily intake or suitable intake of nutrient i (refer to dietary nutrient intake of chinese residents: scientific press, 2013 edition); ED (electronic device)ik(energy density) is the energy value/recommended energy intake standard per 100g of kth material (refer to dietary nutrient intake of chinese residents: scientific press, 2013 edition). 12 nutrients were selected as recommended supplemental nutrients and were modeled for nutritional assessment of the food.
b. Constraint conditions are as follows:
the control of the contents of dietary fiber, lysine and leucine and the total cost of the formula is determined according to the reference intake of dietary nutrients of Chinese residents of China society of Nutrition (scientific Press, 2013 edition) and slightly adjusted according to the standard of market nutrients.
The mass ratio is as follows: x1+X2+……+Xk＝100％；
Dietary fiber: the content of dietary fiber in each raw material of the formula is set as Wk，Xk×Wk≥7.9
In order to improve the lysine score in the formula, the content of lysine in each raw material of the formula is set as AkAnd is and
Xk×Ak≥60；
in order to improve the leucine content in the formula, the leucine content of each raw material of the formula is set as BkAnd is and
Xk×Bk≥84；
in order to prevent the total cost of the formula from being too high, the raw materials of the formula are separatedA valence (100g) is set to VkAnd is and
Xk×Vk≤4；
basic constraint conditions:
according to the above constraints, the corresponding raw material prices, dietary fiber, vitamins, riboflavin, niacin, energy, protein, fat, lysine and leucine scores, vitamin A, C, E, calcium, potassium, iron and magnesium are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 raw materials Nutrition ingredients (per 100g)
TABLE 2 RSN of each material in the resulting formulation12kIndex of refraction
(3) Solution of coarse cereal formula mathematical model
Solving the mathematical model established in the step (2) by adopting a linear programming solver in excel, inputting the mathematical model into excel according to the established data set shown in the table 2 and the constraint conditions of the step (2) b, and calculating to obtain X according to the step of solving the linear programming in excelkNumerical solution, when XkWhen the solution exists, the content ratio of the formula raw materials meeting the preset condition is obtained.
(4) The solution method of the coarse cereal formula mathematical model without solution is as follows: when the mathematical model established in the step (2) has no solution, the amount of the raw materials in the step 1b can be increased, or the proportion of some raw materials can be increased or decreased until the mathematical model established in the step (2) has a solution, and the calculation result of excel is shown in tables 3 and 4:
TABLE 3 RSN of the coarse cereals Rice formulation12Value (in 100g portions)
TABLE 4 Final optimized proportions of the raw materials and Final values of the constraints
The total energy of the formula is as follows according to the proportion of each 100 g: 1234.85 kj; protein: 13.46 g; fat: 5.28 g; dietary fiber: 7.9 g; the total cost of the formula is 2.70 yuan; RSN12The score was 22.75.
Finally, the optimal formula and the content of each raw material are obtained according to the data proportion in the table 4, wherein the raw materials sequentially comprise 10% of black beans, 2% of red beans, 2% of buckwheat, 2% of highland barley, 45% of quinoa, 2% of barley, 2% of black rice, 2% of sorghum rice, 2% of red fragrant rice, 2% of brown rice, 2% of oat rice, 2% of black millet, 2% of sweet potatoes, 2% of taro and 21% of corn. The following raw materials are weighed (based on 300g of the total raw materials in each part):
raw material A: 135g of quinoa, 6g of barley, 6g of buckwheat, 6g of highland barley, 6g of black rice, 6g of fragrant red rice, 6g of oat rice and 6g of black millet.
Raw material B: 6g of brown rice, 6g of sorghum rice, 30g of black beans and 6g of red beans.
Raw material C: 6g of sweet potatoes, 6g of taros and 63g of corns.
The production method of the above example is: cleaning the raw material B, respectively soaking for a proper time, and taking out for later use; cleaning the raw material C, and uniformly cutting into niblets with the size of corn kernels for later use; cleaning the raw material A, draining, putting the raw material A into an inner container of an electric cooker, draining the material in the raw material B, putting the raw material B into the electric cooker, and adding the raw material C; and finally pouring water and rice in a ratio of 1:1.5 into 450ml of water according to the specification of the electric cooker, selecting a coarse cereal rice mode, and cooking after 35min according to the 'start work'.
(5) The nutrition loss is obtained through experiments after the electric cooker is steamed and boiled. According to the national standard, the experimental determination result is that the total energy per 100g of the formula is as follows: 1136.06 kj; protein: 13.19 g; fat: 5.17 g; dietary fiber: 7.27 g. The difference with the model prediction value is not obvious, which shows that the model fitting is good and has accuracy.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation model of coarse cereal rice rich in dietary fiber and balanced in nutrition is characterized in that the mathematical formula of the model is as follows:
an objective function:
Y＝∑1-k(Xk×RSN12k)
wherein RSN12k＝∑1-12(Nutrientik/DRIsik)/EDik×100％
Constraint conditions are as follows:
X1+X2+……+Xk＝100％
y is the total quality score of 12 nutrients per 100g of the formula; k is the raw material type number; xkThe mass percentage of the kth raw material in the formula;
RSN12kthe quality scores of 12 nutrients in each 100g of raw materials are shown, the nutrient types are i, i is 1,2 and … … 12, and the corresponding nutrients are as follows: protein, dietary fiber,Vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin B1, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, calcium, potassium, iron, magnesium; nutrientikThe content of nutrient i in every 100g of kth raw material; DRIsikRecommended daily intake or suitable intake of nutrient i; ED (electronic device)ikEnergy value provided per 100g of kth material/recommended intake of energy standard;
Wkthe content of dietary fiber per 100g of raw materials of the formula AkEach raw material of the formula contains 100g of lysine BkEach raw material of the formula has leucine content per 100g, VkEach raw material has unit price per 100 g.
2. The application of the model for preparing the coarse cereal rice according to claim 1 in preparing the coarse cereal rice is characterized in that the application method comprises the following steps: solving the mathematical model by adopting a linear programming solving program in excel according to an objective function and a constraint condition on various coarse grain raw materials, and when X is usedkIf so, the formula meets the preset conditions; when X is presentkAnd when no solution exists, increasing the number of the types of the raw materials, or increasing and reducing the proportion of part of the raw materials until the mathematical model has a solution, and obtaining the corresponding formula of the coarse cereal rice.
3. The application of claim 2, wherein k is 15, and the mass formula of the coarse cereals is as follows: 10% of black beans, 2% of red beans, 2% of buckwheat, 2% of highland barley, 45% of quinoa, 2% of barley, 2% of black rice, 2% of sorghum rice, 2% of red fragrant rice, 2% of brown rice, 2% of oat rice, 2% of black millet, 2% of sweet potatoes, 2% of taro and 21% of corn.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111261261A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-09 | 江苏大学 | Online intelligent sensing and blending method for raw material ratio of coarse cereal rice |
| CN112890174A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-04 | 北京农业职业学院 | Preparation method of walnut nutritional meal replacement powder and product thereof |
| CN115697085A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2023-02-03 | 纽特里奥有限公司 | Method for determining optimum composition of food |
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| CN104866954A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-08-26 | 天津师范大学 | Resident diet balance quantification analysis method based on intelligent information processing terminal, and system thereof |
| CN108522998A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-09-14 | 郑州琼佩电子技术有限公司 | A kind of more cereal nutritional granular diatery supplement of infant |
| CN109273070A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-25 | 北京好价网络科技有限公司 | Dietetic nutrition analysis system and method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104866954A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-08-26 | 天津师范大学 | Resident diet balance quantification analysis method based on intelligent information processing terminal, and system thereof |
| CN108522998A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-09-14 | 郑州琼佩电子技术有限公司 | A kind of more cereal nutritional granular diatery supplement of infant |
| CN109273070A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2019-01-25 | 北京好价网络科技有限公司 | Dietetic nutrition analysis system and method |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111261261A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-09 | 江苏大学 | Online intelligent sensing and blending method for raw material ratio of coarse cereal rice |
| CN111261261B (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2023-05-09 | 江苏大学 | Online intelligent sensing and blending method for coarse cereal rice raw material proportion |
| CN115697085A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2023-02-03 | 纽特里奥有限公司 | Method for determining optimum composition of food |
| CN112890174A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-04 | 北京农业职业学院 | Preparation method of walnut nutritional meal replacement powder and product thereof |
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