CN110796383A - Water system connectivity evaluation index system considering ecological base flow - Google Patents
Water system connectivity evaluation index system considering ecological base flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN110796383A CN110796383A CN201911059024.3A CN201911059024A CN110796383A CN 110796383 A CN110796383 A CN 110796383A CN 201911059024 A CN201911059024 A CN 201911059024A CN 110796383 A CN110796383 A CN 110796383A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water system connectivity evaluation index system considering ecological base flow, belongs to the fields of river regulation, water environment treatment and water ecological restoration, and is mainly used for evaluating the optimization degree of a water system and the rationality of engineering after water system communication engineering is implemented. The main technical process comprises 3 subentries, namely (1) constructing a water system connectivity evaluation index system considering the ecological base flow evaluation index; (2) calculating index values before and after the implementation of the water system communication engineering; (3) and constructing a water system connectivity evaluation model based on water system connectivity engineering and carrying out quantitative evaluation. The construction of the evaluation index system selects indexes of water system structure connectivity and water system function connectivity, and simultaneously considers the ecological base flow evaluation index. Compared with the prior art, the method can quantitatively describe the ecological communication effect of the water system after the water system communication engineering is implemented, and further enhance the comprehensiveness and the scientificity of the evaluation on the water system communication engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a water system connectivity evaluation index system considering ecological base flow, and belongs to the field of river regulation, water environment treatment and water ecological restoration.
Background
In recent years, with the natural evolution of the relationship between rivers and lakes and the unreasonable development and utilization of water resources by human beings, particularly the large-scale hydraulic engineering construction and the rapid urbanization process, the natural water system and the artificial canal system gradually develop from complexity to simplification. The interference of human activities breaks through the original water system pattern, seriously influences the healthy development of water environment and the reasonable allocation of water resources, and finally causes a series of problems of water ecology, water safety and water resources. The water system communication is a basic guarantee for maintaining continuous flow of rivers and lakes, promoting mutual transmission and exchange of material energy and organisms by taking water as a medium, and plays an important role in aspects of storing stagnant flood, agricultural irrigation, accommodating pollution, draining stagnant water and the like. Practice shows that communication channels among water bodies can be effectively established or dredged by implementing reasonable water system communication engineering, hydraulic connection among the water bodies is enhanced, and flood and drought damage prevention and control capability and water body self-purification capability are improved. However, the unreasonable water system communication engineering not only brings great economic loss, but also causes damage to the water ecosystem which is difficult to reverse.
The water system connectivity is an important factor for evaluating the health development degree of rivers and lakes, and represents the communication level of the water system in a landscape form level and a substance dynamic transportation level. At present, by adopting a water system connectivity evaluation index and a calculation method, the change trend of a water system can be quantitatively evaluated, and comparison and selection of a water system connectivity engineering scheme can also be carried out. As the research time for evaluating the water system connectivity indexes and methods at home and abroad is relatively short, the prior technical system mostly considers the water system morphological structure and the material transportation function and neglects the important hydrological characteristic of ecological base flow. The ecological base flow is the minimum flow of the river and lake water system for maintaining the ecological function integrity of the river and lake water system, and is also the lower limit for ensuring the water system to be communicated. Ensuring that the flow in the river channel is not lower than the ecological base flow has important significance for normal operation of the channel, healthy development of rivers and lakes and improvement of water environment treatment. Therefore, the method is scientific when being incorporated into a water system connectivity evaluation index system, and can break through the limitation that the prior art is not comprehensive in consideration of factors.
The applicant provides a water system connectivity evaluation index system considering ecological base flows by summarizing a plurality of river and lake communication ecological water conservancy planning schemes and ecological economic area water environment comprehensive treatment implementation schemes and combining the research results of ecological base flow characteristics, and provides technical support for evaluating the connectivity optimization degree of a water system and the rationality of engineering after water system communication engineering is implemented.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a water system connectivity evaluation index system considering ecological base flow, which can solve the defects in the background art.
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
1. constructing a water system connectivity evaluation index system considering the ecological base flow evaluation index, and specifically comprising the following steps:
selecting the ecological base flow guarantee degree to obtain the condition that the ecological runoff in the river channel is met; selecting COD concentration and NH3Indexes such as N concentration, TP concentration, TN concentration and the like are adopted to reflect the eutrophication state of the water body; selecting the standard-reaching rate S of water qualityiThe method comprises the steps of reflecting the water quality standard reaching conditions of different water functional areas, selecting indexes such as water system circularity α, node connection rate β, water system connectivity gamma and the like to reflect the communication conditions of water systems on morphological patterns and landscapes, and selecting water age a, water changing period T and river flow velocity ViAnd the indexes reflect the communication level of the water system on the dynamic flow layer.
2. Collecting index calculation basic data, and calculating each index value before and after the water system communication engineering is implemented according to an index corresponding calculation method.
The calculation method of the index is as follows:
a1: ecological base flow guarantee degree: calculating the probability that the monthly mean value of the actual runoff of the statistical year is not lower than the monthly ecological base flow;
a2: calculating COD and NH according to the selected specific water quality section3-N, TP and TN four categories of water quality factor mass to volume of extracted solution ratio;
a3: water quality standard-reaching rate Si
In formula (1): siThe standard reaching rate of the ith water functional area; biThe number of times of reaching the water quality target in the evaluation time period is set; t is tiThe total number of evaluations in the evaluation period;
a4 aqueous system circularity α
In the formula (2), L is the number of galleries, and V is the number of nodes;
a5 node connection rate β
A6: water system connectivity gamma
In the formula (4), LmaxThe maximum possible corridor connection number;
a7: age in water a
In the formula (5), t is the time of the water body at the point x, x is the length of a certain distance, C is a tracer concentration correlation function, and tau is a time constant;
a8: water change period T
T＝365M/W (6)
In the formula (6), M is the pollutant carrying capacity, and W is the pollutant amount discharged into lakes and reservoirs;
a9: river course velocity of flow Vi
In the formula (7), VjThe river reach flow velocity and m is the number of river reaches.
3. And constructing a water system connectivity evaluation model based on water system connectivity engineering and evaluating.
B1: index optimization rate ZiThe improvement degree of the index after the water system communication engineering is implemented compared with that before the engineering is implemented is shown, and the calculation formula is as follows:
b2: let index i score value be FiWater system connectivity comprehensive scoring based on water system connectivity engineering
Wherein, FiThe value of (A) is divided into four cases of ① ZiIf > 40%, Fi＝3；②20％＜ZiLess than or equal to 40%, Fi＝2；③0％＜ZiLess than or equal to 20%, Fi＝1；④ZiLess than or equal to 0%, then Fi＜0。
B3: if F is presentiIf the sum is less than 0, the comprehensive score is not calculated, the project is judged to be unreasonable, and the plan needs to be readjusted. If any FiAnd if the evaluation result is more than or equal to 0, judging the project to be reasonable and calculating the comprehensive score. A higher score indicates a more reasonable project.
The evaluation model is characterized in that different assignment scores are carried out according to different value ranges of the index optimization rate, the change of each index before and after the engineering implementation can be reflected, the calculation is simple and convenient, and the logic is strong.
The invention overcomes the defect that the hydrological characteristics of the ecological base flow are not considered in the existing indexes and methods by constructing a water system connectivity evaluation index system which comprehensively considers the ecological base flow, the water system structural connectivity and the water system functional connectivity. The method can be used for quantitatively evaluating the connectivity optimization degree of the water system and the rationality of the project after the water system communication project is implemented, and also provides reference for revising the water system communication project scheme.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of a water system connectivity evaluation model based on water system connectivity engineering according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
In order to evaluate the optimization degree of a water system and the rationality of the project after the water system communication project is implemented, the invention discloses a water system connectivity evaluation index system considering ecological base flow, and the operation please refer to the figure 1 and the following steps:
1. constructing a water system connectivity evaluation index system considering the ecological base flow evaluation index, and specifically comprising the following steps:
2. and calculating index values before and after the implementation of the water system communication engineering.
The calculation method of the index is as follows:
a1: ecological base flow guarantee degree: calculating the probability that the monthly mean value of the actual runoff of the statistical year is not lower than the monthly ecological base flow;
a2: calculating COD and NH according to the selected specific water quality section3-N, TP and TN four categories of water quality factor mass to volume of extracted solution ratio;
a3: water quality standard-reaching rate Si
In formula (1): siThe standard reaching rate of the ith water functional area; biThe number of times of reaching the water quality target in the evaluation time period is set; t is tiThe total number of evaluations in the evaluation period;
a4 aqueous system circularity α
In the formula (2), L is the number of galleries, and V is the number of nodes;
a5 node connection rate β
A6: water system connectivity gamma
In the formula (4), LmaxThe maximum possible corridor connection number;
a7: age in water a
In the formula (5), t is the time of the water body at the point x, x is the length of the passing distance, C is a tracer concentration correlation function, and tau is a time constant;
a8: water change period T
T＝365M/W (6)
In the formula (6), M is the pollutant carrying capacity, and W is the pollutant amount discharged into lakes and reservoirs;
a9: river course velocity of flow Vi
In the formula (7), VjThe river reach flow velocity and m is the number of river reaches.
3. Constructing a water system connectivity evaluation model based on water system connectivity engineering and evaluating, wherein the operation please refer to fig. 2 and the following steps:
b1: index optimization rate ZiThe improvement degree of the index after the water system communication engineering is implemented compared with that before the engineering is implemented is shown, and the calculation formula is as follows:
B2: let index i score value be FiWater system connectivity comprehensive scoring based on water system connectivity engineering
Wherein, FiThe value of (A) is divided into four cases of ① ZiIf > 40%, Fi＝3；②20％＜ZiLess than or equal to 40%, Fi＝2；③0％＜ZiLess than or equal to 20%, Fi＝1；④ZiLess than or equal to 0%, then Fi＜0。
B3: if F is presentiIf the sum is less than 0, the comprehensive score is not calculated, the project is judged to be unreasonable, and the plan needs to be readjusted. If any FiAnd if the evaluation result is more than or equal to 0, judging the project to be reasonable and calculating the comprehensive score. A higher score indicates a more reasonable project.
Taking the water system communication engineering of the C area as an example, calculating each evaluation index value, index optimization rate and score, and the results are as follows:
f is less than 0 and 8 percent of the water system connectivity gammaiAnd (4) the comprehensive score of the water system communication engineering is not calculated, the engineering is judged to be unreasonable, and the planning needs to be readjusted.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention have been described, and have strong applicability. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A water system connectivity evaluation index system considering ecological base flow is characterized by comprising the following technologies: constructing a water system connectivity evaluation index system considering the ecological base flow evaluation index, calculating various index values before and after the implementation of a water system communication project, constructing a water system connectivity evaluation model based on the water system communication project and carrying out quantitative evaluation.
2. The water system connectivity evaluation index system considering the ecological base flow according to claim 1, wherein the step of constructing the water system connectivity evaluation index system considering the ecological base flow evaluation index specifically comprises:
3. the water system connectivity evaluation index system considering ecological base flow according to claim 1, wherein: constructing a water system connectivity evaluation model based on water system connectivity engineering and carrying out quantitative evaluation, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
b1: index optimization rate ZiThe improvement degree of the index after the water system communication engineering is implemented compared with that before the engineering is implemented is shown, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Zi＝Ai/Siwherein A isiTo evaluate the improvement value of index i, SiTo evaluate it meansMarking the original value of i;
b2: let index i score value be FiComprehensive evaluation of water system connectivity engineering
Wherein, FiThe value of (A) is divided into four cases of ① ZiIf > 40%, Fi＝3；②20％＜ZiLess than or equal to 40%, Fi＝2；③0％＜ZiLess than or equal to 20%, Fi＝1；④ZiLess than or equal to 0%, then Fi＜0；
B3: if F is presentiIf the sum is less than 0, the comprehensive score is not calculated, the project is judged to be unreasonable, and the plan needs to be readjusted. If any FiAnd if the evaluation result is more than or equal to 0, judging the project to be reasonable and calculating the comprehensive score. A higher score indicates a more reasonable project.
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| CN107122851A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-09-01 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of lake water systems connects engineering proposal optimization model Sensitivity Analysis Method |
| CN108764675A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-11-06 | 河海大学 | A kind of water system Connectivity Evaluation method |
| CN110310019A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-10-08 | 北京师范大学 | A kind of construction method of basin water systematic collaboration Bearing Capacity Evaluation model |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070027666A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2007-02-01 | Frankel David S | Characterizing connectivity in reservoir models using paths of least resistance |
| CN101482612A (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2009-07-15 | 华东师范大学 | River network regional water system connectivity measurement method based on geographic information system technology |
| CN107122851A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-09-01 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of lake water systems connects engineering proposal optimization model Sensitivity Analysis Method |
| CN108764675A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-11-06 | 河海大学 | A kind of water system Connectivity Evaluation method |
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