CN110794479B - Method and device for inspecting observation system based on near-path superposition - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a method and a device for inspecting an observation system based on near-path superposition, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 1, loading a corresponding first observation system for an original shot record; step 2, performing near path superposition on the original shot record loaded with the first observation system at a preset offset distance to obtain a first near path superposition section diagram; and 3, determining whether the first observation system is accurate or not according to the syntropy continuity of the first near channel overlay section map. The method and the device can effectively find the errors of the position records of the bad shot and the lost shot of the field instrument team report group, find the real bad shot point and the lost shot point, correct the first observation system recorded in the field to obtain an accurate observation system, and improve the processing efficiency of indoor seismic data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of seismic exploration data processing methods, in particular to an observation system inspection method and device based on near channel stacking.
Background
During seismic exploration, seismic data acquisition observation systems are often used to perform acquisition of seismic data. And sending artificial seismic waves at the shot point position of the seismic data acquisition and observation system, and acquiring corresponding stratum data by receiving and processing returned seismic waves of the artificial seismic waves after the artificial seismic waves are transmitted and reflected by the stratum. In order to realize the functions, the seismic data acquisition and observation system comprises a shot point for generating artificial seismic waves and a wave detection point for receiving return seismic waves.
The earthquake data observation system is recorded in the field acquisition process of a field instrument team and newspaper group, after an indoor data processor takes earthquake data, a corresponding observation system is added to the earthquake data acquired in the field, the observation system refers to the mutual position relation between a shot point and a receiving point of earthquake waves and generally comprises coordinates, shot numbers and track numbers of the shot point and the receiving point, and here, the correctness of the observation system in the field acquisition directly influences whether the indoor earthquake data processor can smoothly process the earthquake data. When the recording is wrong, if a shot is lost or damaged, the processing efficiency of the indoor seismic data can be reduced, and great trouble can be caused to the work of indoor data processing personnel.
Therefore, the invention aims to detect the lost cannons, the damaged cannons and the like in the field instrument team and newspaper groups and correct the recorded field observation system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the application provides a method and a device for inspecting an observation system based on near-path superposition, which are used for inspecting the recorded observation system through near-path superposition, so that the positions of the missed cannon and the bad cannon in the observation system can be effectively found and dynamically corrected.
The method for inspecting the observation system based on the close-range superposition comprises the following steps: step 1, loading a corresponding first observation system for an original shot record; step 2, performing near path superposition on the original shot record loaded with the first observation system at a preset offset distance to obtain a first near path superposition section diagram; and 3, determining whether the first observation system is accurate or not according to the syntropy continuity of the first near channel overlay section map.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: step 4, when the first near-path superposed section map is not continuous in the same direction, performing linear dynamic correction leveling on the original shot record; step 5, determining an abnormal recording shot point in the first observation system and correcting to obtain a second observation system; step 6, repeating the steps 1-3, and when the Nth adjacent channel stacking section map is continuous in the same direction, determining that the Nth observation system is a target observation system, wherein N is a positive integer larger than 1; and 7, outputting the original shot record loaded with the target observation system.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and 8, when the first near channel stacking section map is continuous in the same direction, determining the first observation system as the target observation system.
In one embodiment, the predetermined offset distance is 0 to 2000 m.
In one embodiment, prior to step 2, the method further comprises: and removing bad shot points and lost shot points in the first observation system.
The application also provides a device based on close-by stack inspection observation system, the device includes: the loading unit is used for loading the corresponding first observation system to the original shot record; the control unit is used for performing near-path superposition on the original shot record loaded with the first observation system at a preset offset distance to obtain a first near-path superposition section diagram; a determination unit for determining whether the first observation system is accurate according to the syntropy continuity of the first near-road overlay profile acquired by the control unit.
In one embodiment, the control unit is further configured to perform linear dynamic correction leveling on the original shot record when the determination unit determines that the first near-track stacking profile is not continuous in the same direction; the determination unit is further configured to determine that an nth observation system which makes the nth near-channel overlay cross-sectional views continuous in the same direction is a target observation system, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
In one embodiment, the apparatus further comprises: and the output unit is used for outputting the original shot record loaded with the target observation system.
In one embodiment, the determining unit is further configured to: and when the first near channel stacking section map is continuous in the same direction, determining the first observation system as the target observation system.
By the method and the device for inspecting the observation system based on the near-path superposition, errors of position records of bad cannons and lost cannons of field instrument team reports can be effectively found, real bad cannon points and lost cannon points can be found, the first observation system for field record can be corrected, an accurate observation system can be obtained, and the processing efficiency of indoor seismic data is improved.
The features mentioned above can be combined in various suitable ways or replaced by equivalent features as long as the object of the invention is achieved.
Drawings
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a method of inspecting an observation system based on near-lane overlay, according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a flow diagram of a method for inspecting an observation system based on near-channel overlay, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates a first proximal overlap cross-sectional view according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a raw shot record linear dynamic correction flare map according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates a shot record linear dynamic correction flare map after loading a target observation system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 illustrates a second proximal roadmap overlay cross-section after loading a target observation system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 shows a block diagram of an apparatus for a near-channel overlay inspection observation system according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings, like parts are provided with like reference numerals. The drawings are not to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a method 100 for inspection of an observation system based on near-track overlay. In fig. 1, the method 100 includes:
s110, loading a corresponding first observation system for the original shot record;
s120, performing near path superposition on the original shot record loaded with the first observation system at a preset offset distance to obtain a first near path superposition section diagram;
s130, determining whether the first observation system is accurate according to the syntropy continuity of the first near channel overlay profile.
The invention provides a method for correcting an observation system by using near-path superposition and by the presence or absence of abnormality of section isotropy, if the observation system is wrong, the method can find out the bad cannon and the lost cannon which are wrong in field instrument team and newspaper group records by performing linear motion correction on the cannon records and continuously testing, and is a very effective method for correcting the observation system.
Specifically, in S110 of the present invention, after the seismic personnel obtain the seismic data, the seismic personnel first need to load the original shot records collected in the field into the corresponding seismic data observation system, i.e., the first observation system, which is recorded by the field instrument team and newspaper group during the field collection process. The original shot record refers to seismic data in the field, i.e., shot data, which may also be referred to as a shot record. The first observation system refers to the mutual position relationship between the shot point and the geophone point of the seismic wave, and comprises the coordinates of the shot point and the geophone point, the shot number, the track number and the like. In the seismic exploration industry, if the record of the observation system has errors, great trouble is brought to seismic data processing personnel. Therefore, it is necessary to check whether the observation system is accurate. In the prior art, whether the record of the shift report of the instrument is wrong or not is checked, and if the record of the shift report of the instrument is wrong, the observation system is corrected, however, the efficiency of the method is too low, the workload is huge, and the precision of the inspection is not high.
In S120, the original shot record loaded with the first observation system is subjected to near-path stacking by using a preset offset distance, so as to obtain a first near-path stacking profile (as shown in fig. 3). If the first observation system is accurate, the isotropy of the first near-channel stacking profile after the near-channel stacking is continuous and can be used for processing seismic data, and conversely, if the isotropy of the first near-channel stacking profile is discontinuous, the parameters of the first observation system are inaccurate, and the alignment is needed to be corrected.
It should be appreciated that prior to S120, the locations of the recorded bad and missing shots in the first observation system acquired in the field should be culled. Specifically, due to the existence of bad and missing cannons in the first observation system, field collectors need to inform seismic data processing personnel of the known bad and missing cannons, and then the seismic data processing personnel need to remove the bad and missing cannons when loading the observation system, and then perform the near-path stacking inspection mentioned herein.
In general, if the offset is too small, the amount of data that can provide a test is too small to adequately test for recording anomalies in the observation system, while if the offset is too large, it is likewise not accurately tested. Therefore, considering the influence of the offset on the test result, the small offset and the middle offset are usually selected as the preset offset, and preferably, the preset offset is 0-2000 m.
Specifically, on the one hand, if the isotropy of the first near-path overlay cross-sectional view is continuous, that is, if the continuity of the isotropy is good, it indicates that the first observation system is accurate, the first observation system is the target observation system, and only the original shot record loaded with the first observation system needs to be output, so that the data processing of the next step can be performed.
On the other hand, if the isotropy of the first proximal roadmap is discontinuous, i.e., the continuity of the isotropy is poor, it indicates that the first observation system is inaccurate and needs to be corrected. As shown in fig. 2, the verification and correction steps are as follows:
and S140, performing linear correction leveling on the original shot record to eliminate the influence of normal time difference.
S150, determining an abnormal recording shot point in the first observation system and correcting to obtain a second observation system. Specifically, the position of a shot point with an abnormality is determined through linear dynamic correction leveling, namely the position is not leveled, the observation system loading of the original shot record from the shot point is determined to be wrong, namely the loaded shot number is inconsistent with the real shot number, therefore, the position of the shot point is set to be a position of a lost shot or a bad shot, and the position of the shot point is removed from the first observation system, so that the second observation system is obtained.
It should be appreciated that in actual practice, it may not be possible to find all of the outlier recording points in one verification operation, thus requiring multiple verification operations. And S160, repeating S110-S130, and when the Nth near-channel overlay section map is continuous in the same direction, determining the Nth observation system as the target observation system, wherein N is a positive integer greater than 1. Specifically, the second observation system is continuously loaded on the original shot record in S110, the original shot record is subjected to near-path superposition again at the preset offset distance, a second near-path superposition section diagram is obtained, whether the second observation system is accurate … … is determined according to the homodromous continuity of the second near-path superposition section diagram until the obtained nth near-path superposition section diagram is homodromous continuous, that is, the nth observation system is determined to be the target observation system, wherein N is a positive integer greater than 1.
In S170, the raw shot record loaded with the target observation system is output for further seismic data processing.
It should be understood that the method 100 further includes S180, where in the above, when the first near-channel stacking profiles are continuous in the same direction, the first observation system is the target observation system, and the original shot record loaded with the first observation system is output.
In one embodiment of the invention, in order to verify the effectiveness of the invention, for some practical data at sea, bad cannons, lost cannons and the like are removed according to records of field instrument banners, and near-track superposition is performed by using an offset distance of 0-2000 meters, and the result is shown in fig. 3, wherein in fig. 3, 3 DT-SEC-ORD-cell is a heading character epitome. It is found from fig. 3 that if the observation system is accurate, the homotropism should be continuous by performing near-track stacking of shot records using only small offsets and medium offsets, but the section in fig. 3 is abnormal, which may be problematic for recorded bad shots and missed shots. The shot record is linearly moved and corrected, as shown in fig. 4 (IDEN-NUM in fig. 4 is the shot number, and TRACE-NUM is the track number), the result of the movement comparison of the shot point 1437 is found to be abnormal, and is not leveled, so it is known that the loading of the observation system of the shot record from this point is wrong, that is, the loaded shot number is inconsistent with the real shot number, this point is set as the position of a lost shot or a damaged shot, the value of the shot number is given as 1437 from the next shot, after the experiment, it is finally found that the group of the instrument class wrongly writes a certain lost shot 1445 into 1455, and after the correct observation system is loaded to the shot record, as shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, it is found that the linear movement of the shot record is leveled, and the near-track superposition isotropy is consistent, and the observation system is completely accurate.
It can be seen that when a certain practical data observation system on the sea is corrected, the near-path superposition method of the invention is adopted, the error of recording the positions of the bad cannons and the lost cannons by field instrument team reports is effectively found, the real positions of the bad cannons and the lost cannons are also found, and the homomorphic axes on the near-path superposition section of the corrected observation system are not abnormal. The practical data proves that the invention is a quick and effective method for inspecting the observation system.
The present invention further provides an apparatus 700 based on a near-road overlay inspection observation system, as shown in fig. 7, the apparatus 700 includes:
a loading unit 710, configured to load the corresponding first observation system on the original shot record;
a control unit 720, configured to perform near-path stacking on the original shot record loaded with the first observation system at a preset offset distance to obtain a first near-path stacked profile;
a determining unit 730, configured to determine whether the first observation system is accurate according to the syntropy continuity of the first near-road overlay profile obtained by the control unit 720.
The control unit 720 is further configured to perform linear dynamic correction leveling on the original shot record when the determining unit 730 determines that the first near-track stacking profile is not continuous in the same direction; in the repeated inspection operation, the determining unit 730 is further configured to determine that the nth observation system which makes the nth near-channel overlay cross-sectional images continuous in the same direction is the target observation system, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
The apparatus 700 also includes an output unit 740 for outputting the raw shot record loaded with the target observation system.
The determining unit 730 is further configured to: and when the first near channel stacking section map is continuous in the same direction, determining the first observation system as the target observation system.
By the method and the system for inspecting the observation system based on the near-path superposition, provided by the invention, the errors of the position records of the bad shot and the lost shot of the field instrument team report group can be effectively found, the real bad shot point and the lost shot point can be found, the first observation system recorded in the field can be corrected, the accurate observation system can be obtained, and the processing efficiency of indoor seismic data can be improved.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that features described in different dependent claims and herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
Claims (7)
1. A method for inspecting an observation system based on a near-channel stack, the method comprising:
step 1, loading a corresponding first observation system for an original shot record;
step 2, performing near path superposition on the original shot record loaded with the first observation system at a preset offset distance to obtain a first near path superposition section diagram;
step 3, determining whether the first observation system is accurate or not according to the syntropy continuity of the first near channel overlay section map;
step 4, when the first near-path superposed section map is not continuous in the same direction, performing linear dynamic correction leveling on the original shot record;
step 5, determining an abnormal recording shot point in the first observation system and correcting to obtain a second observation system;
step 6, repeating the steps 1-3, and when the Nth adjacent channel stacking section map is continuous in the same direction, determining that the Nth observation system is a target observation system, wherein N is a positive integer larger than 1;
step 7, outputting the original shot record loaded with the target observation system;
step 8, when the first near-road superimposed sectional views are continuous in the same direction, determining that the first observation system is the target observation system;
in step 5, an abnormal recording shot point in the first observation system is determined and corrected, wherein the abnormal recording shot point is removed through correction.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined offset distance is 0-2000 m.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein prior to step 2, the method further comprises:
and removing the bad shot points and the lost shot points in the first observation system.
4. A near-channel overlay inspection observation system-based device using the near-channel overlay inspection observation system-based method of any one of claims 1 to 3, the device comprising:
the loading unit is used for loading the corresponding first observation system to the original shot record;
the control unit is used for performing near-path superposition on the original shot record loaded with the first observation system at a preset offset distance to obtain a first near-path superposition section diagram;
a determination unit for determining whether the first observation system is accurate according to the syntropy continuity of the first near-road overlay profile acquired by the control unit.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the control unit is further configured to perform linear dynamic correction leveling on the original shot record when the determination unit determines that the first near-path overlay profile is not continuous in the same direction;
the determination unit is further configured to determine that an nth observation system which makes the nth near-channel overlay cross-sectional views continuous in the same direction is a target observation system, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising:
an output unit for outputting the original shot record loaded with the target observation system.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the determining unit is further configured to:
and when the first near-channel stacking section map is continuous in the same direction, determining that the first observation system is the target observation system.
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