CN110789195A - 一种阻燃面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种阻燃面料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110789195A
CN110789195A CN201911222381.7A CN201911222381A CN110789195A CN 110789195 A CN110789195 A CN 110789195A CN 201911222381 A CN201911222381 A CN 201911222381A CN 110789195 A CN110789195 A CN 110789195A
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layer
fabric
flame
retardant
radiation
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Inventor
周红涛
周彬
武银飞
孙佳淳
谢昊阳
柏雪薇
孙媛媛
沈怡峰
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Yancheng Vocational Institute of Industry Technology
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Yancheng Vocational Institute of Industry Technology
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Priority to CN201911222381.7A priority Critical patent/CN110789195A/zh
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/12—Hygroscopic; Water retaining
    • A41D31/125—Moisture handling or wicking function through layered materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及阻燃面料技术领域，尤其涉及一种阻燃面料，包括基布层、阻燃层、防油层、防水层和防辐射层，所述阻燃层涂覆在基布层的顶部，所述防油层涂覆在阻燃层的顶部，所述防水层涂覆在防油层的顶部，所述防辐射层涂覆在防水层的顶部，所述基布层为丝光棉纤维、莫代尔纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维织造而成，所述阻燃层为三磷酸酯或磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三丁酯、三磷酸酯或双酚A‑双和间苯二酚中的一种或多种制成，还包括一种阻燃面料的制备方法。该发明具有优异的阻燃性能，手感柔软，吸湿透气，穿着舒适，且高密度可有效防止钻绒跑毛现象，面料中加入的防辐射层可有效阻隔辐射，大大提高阻燃产品的穿着舒适性及安全性能。

Description

一种阻燃面料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及阻燃面料技术领域，尤其涉及一种阻燃面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
在火灾环境中，人们随时会面临燃烧的烈火、高温的液体、固体、气体等的侵害，通过接触、热辐射或热对流等途径到达人体，对人体造成危害，服装此时可以起到阻隔热能到达人体皮肤表面的作用，性能优异的阻燃防火服装，可以为人体提供有效地热防护，大大减小人体受伤害的几率和程度。
现在的防护面料一般在化纤面料基础上添加阻燃涂层整理，有一定的阻燃效果，能阻隔热能到达人体皮肤表面，但是无法对辐射进行阻隔，辐射能对人们的皮肤造成危害，且随着洗涤次数的增加阻燃性能会逐渐降低甚至消失，涂层较硬，穿着舒适性差。
发明内容
（一）解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种阻燃面料及其制备方法，具备阻燃和防辐射的优点，解决了现有的防护面料能阻隔热能到达人体皮肤表面，但是无法对辐射进行阻隔，辐射能对人们的皮肤造成危害，且随着洗涤次数的增加阻燃性能会逐渐降低甚至消失，涂层较硬，穿着舒适性差的问题。
（二）技术方案
为实现上述技术问题，本发明提供了这样一种阻燃面料，包括基布层、阻燃层、防油层、防水层和防辐射层，所述阻燃层涂覆在基布层的顶部，所述防油层涂覆在阻燃层的顶部，所述防水层涂覆在防油层的顶部，所述防辐射层涂覆在防水层的顶部。
进一步地，所述基布层为丝光棉纤维、莫代尔纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维织造而成。
进一步地，所述阻燃层为三磷酸酯或磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三丁酯、三磷酸酯或双酚A-双和间苯二酚中的一种或多种制成。
进一步地，所述防辐射层为聚酯纤维、纳米远红外陶瓷纤维、竹炭纤维、玉米纤维、甲壳素纤维和聚乙烯纤维中混纺制成。
进一步地，所述面料的拉伸强力≥390N，所述面料的撕破强力≥30N。
进一步地，所述面料的经密为120～150，所述面料的纬密为60～90，所述面料的克重110～130g/m²。
一种阻燃面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、纺纱；步骤二、整理；步骤三、防油防水处理；步骤四、防辐射层织造；步骤五、面料纺织；步骤六、前期处理；步骤七、染色；步骤八、定形；其中：
在步骤一中，将丝光棉纤维经5～9个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成经丝，将莫代尔纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维经5～9个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成纬丝，并在喷气织机上采用经纬交织的平纹组织法织造成基布层。
在步骤二中，将基布层放置在阻燃助剂的盛装装置中进行整理，并使用标签机在相应的盛装装置的外部做上标签，为了后期的加工中方便工作人员区分原料。
在步骤三中，将基布层浸轧50g/L防油防水助剂，然后在160～180℃温度条件下焙烘基布层50～70s。
在步骤四中，将聚酯纤维、纳米远红外陶瓷纤维、竹炭纤维经4～8个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成经丝，将玉米纤维、甲壳素纤维和聚乙烯纤维经4～8个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成纬丝，并在喷气织机上采用经纬交织的平纹组织法织造成防辐射层。
在步骤五中，将步骤四中织造的防辐射层放入生产加工流水线上，生产加工流水线主要使用的是纺织机器，经过纺织机器将基布层和防辐射层进行织造在一起并形成面料。
在步骤六中，将织造后的面料表面的杂毛清理掉，主要采用杂毛修剪机将面料表面的杂毛清理。
在步骤七中，将织造好的面料加入染色池，并在染料溶液中加入浓度8～10g/L的缓染剂、8～10g/L的冰醋酸，温度曲线100度开始上色，再降温。
在步骤八中，通过定型机对坯布进行定形，定形液含有3～5g/L的亲水硅油、8～10g/L的吸湿排汗剂，温度升高至185～195℃进行定型，并将面料冷却至室温，即得到阻燃面料成品。
进一步地，所述在步骤六中，在杂毛清理之前会经过梳毛步骤，主要是将让面料表面的杂物理顺，然后通过杂毛修剪机一次修剪，杂毛修剪机不可能完全的将面料表面的杂毛修剪掉，之后会使用工作人员手工将面料表面的杂毛进行第二次清理。
进一步地，所述在步骤七中，开始上色时，每分钟升温1℃到达200度，保温40～60分钟，再降低温度至室温。
进一步地，所述在在步骤八中，亲水硅油为T718，吸湿排汗剂为PSR。
（三）有益效果
本发明提供了一种阻燃面料及其制备方法，具备以下有益效果：
1、本发明具有优异的阻燃性能，手感柔软，吸湿透气，穿着舒适，且高密度可有效防止钻绒跑毛现象，面料中加入的防辐射层可有效阻隔辐射，大大提高阻燃产品的穿着舒适性及安全性能。
2、本发明将聚酯纤维、纳米远红外陶瓷纤维、竹炭纤维、玉米纤维、甲壳素纤维和聚乙烯纤维中混纺制成防辐射层，具有很好的防辐射性能，能有效的将辐射进行阻隔，阻隔辐射能对人们的皮肤造成危害，同时轻薄舒适，柔软透气，可水洗，具有更好的舒适度和性价比。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构示意图。
图中：1、基布层；2、阻燃层、；3、防油层；4、防水层；5、防辐射层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1，一种阻燃面料，包括基布层1、阻燃层2、防油层3、防水层4和防辐射层5，阻燃层2涂覆在基布层1的顶部，防油层3涂覆在阻燃层2的顶部，防水层4涂覆在防油层3的顶部，防辐射层5涂覆在防水层4的顶部。
基布层1为丝光棉纤维、莫代尔纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维织造而成。
阻燃层2为三磷酸酯或磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三丁酯、三磷酸酯或双酚A-双和间苯二酚中的一种或多种制成。
防辐射层5为聚酯纤维、纳米远红外陶瓷纤维、竹炭纤维、玉米纤维、甲壳素纤维和聚乙烯纤维中混纺制成。
面料的拉伸强力≥390N，面料的撕破强力≥30N，面料的经密为120～150，面料的纬密为60～90，面料的克重110～130g/m²。
实施例一：
一种阻燃面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、纺纱；步骤二、整理；步骤三、防油防水处理；步骤四、防辐射层织造；步骤五、面料纺织；步骤六、前期处理；步骤七、染色；步骤八、定形；其中：
在步骤一中，将丝光棉纤维经5个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成经丝，将莫代尔纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维经5个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成纬丝，并在喷气织机上采用经纬交织的平纹组织法织造成基布层；
在步骤二中，将基布层放置在阻燃助剂的盛装装置中进行整理，并使用标签机在相应的盛装装置的外部做上标签，为了后期的加工中方便工作人员区分原料；
在步骤三中，将基布层浸轧50g/L防油防水助剂，然后在160℃温度条件下焙烘基布层50s；
在步骤四中，将聚酯纤维、纳米远红外陶瓷纤维、竹炭纤维经4个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成经丝，将玉米纤维、甲壳素纤维和聚乙烯纤维经4个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成纬丝，并在喷气织机上采用经纬交织的平纹组织法织造成防辐射层。
在步骤五中，将步骤四中织造的防辐射层放入生产加工流水线上，生产加工流水线主要使用的是纺织机器，经过纺织机器将基布层和防辐射层进行织造在一起并形成面料；
在步骤六中，将织造后的面料表面的杂毛清理掉，主要采用杂毛修剪机将面料表面的杂毛清理，在杂毛清理之前会经过梳毛步骤，主要是将让面料表面的杂物理顺，然后通过杂毛修剪机一次修剪，杂毛修剪机不可能完全的将面料表面的杂毛修剪掉，之后会使用工作人员手工将面料表面的杂毛进行第二次清理；
在步骤七中，将织造好的面料加入染色池，并在染料溶液中加入浓度8g/L的缓染剂、8g/L的冰醋酸，温度曲线100度开始上色，再降温，开始上色时，每分钟升温1℃到达200度，保温40分钟，再降低温度至室温；
在步骤八中，通过定型机对坯布进行定形，定形液含有3g/L的亲水硅油、8g/L的吸湿排汗剂，亲水硅油为T718，吸湿排汗剂为PSR，温度升高至185℃进行定型，并将面料冷却至室温，即得到阻燃面料成品。
实施例二：
一种阻燃面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、纺纱；步骤二、整理；步骤三、防油防水处理；步骤四、防辐射层织造；步骤五、面料纺织；步骤六、前期处理；步骤七、染色；步骤八、定形；其中：
在步骤一中，将丝光棉纤维经8个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成经丝，将莫代尔纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维经8个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成纬丝，并在喷气织机上采用经纬交织的平纹组织法织造成基布层；
在步骤二中，将基布层放置在阻燃助剂的盛装装置中进行整理，并使用标签机在相应的盛装装置的外部做上标签，为了后期的加工中方便工作人员区分原料；
在步骤三中，将基布层浸轧50g/L防油防水助剂，然后在170℃温度条件下焙烘基布层60s；
在步骤四中，将聚酯纤维、纳米远红外陶瓷纤维、竹炭纤维经5个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成经丝，将玉米纤维、甲壳素纤维和聚乙烯纤维经5个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成纬丝，并在喷气织机上采用经纬交织的平纹组织法织造成防辐射层。
在步骤五中，将步骤四中织造的防辐射层放入生产加工流水线上，生产加工流水线主要使用的是纺织机器，经过纺织机器将基布层和防辐射层进行织造在一起并形成面料；
在步骤六中，将织造后的面料表面的杂毛清理掉，主要采用杂毛修剪机将面料表面的杂毛清理，在杂毛清理之前会经过梳毛步骤，主要是将让面料表面的杂物理顺，然后通过杂毛修剪机一次修剪，杂毛修剪机不可能完全的将面料表面的杂毛修剪掉，之后会使用工作人员手工将面料表面的杂毛进行第二次清理；
在步骤七中，将织造好的面料加入染色池，并在染料溶液中加入浓度9g/L的缓染剂、9g/L的冰醋酸，温度曲线100度开始上色，再降温，开始上色时，每分钟升温1℃到达200度，保温50分钟，再降低温度至室温；
在步骤八中，通过定型机对坯布进行定形，定形液含有4g/L的亲水硅油、9g/L的吸湿排汗剂，亲水硅油为T718，吸湿排汗剂为PSR，温度升高至190℃进行定型，并将面料冷却至室温，即得到阻燃面料成品。
实施例三：
一种阻燃面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、纺纱；步骤二、整理；步骤三、防油防水处理；步骤四、防辐射层织造；步骤五、面料纺织；步骤六、前期处理；步骤七、染色；步骤八、定形；其中：
在步骤一中，将丝光棉纤维经9个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成经丝，将莫代尔纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维经9个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成纬丝，并在喷气织机上采用经纬交织的平纹组织法织造成基布层；
在步骤二中，将基布层放置在阻燃助剂的盛装装置中进行整理，并使用标签机在相应的盛装装置的外部做上标签，为了后期的加工中方便工作人员区分原料；
在步骤三中，将基布层浸轧50g/L防油防水助剂，然后在180℃温度条件下焙烘基布层70s；
在步骤四中，将聚酯纤维、纳米远红外陶瓷纤维、竹炭纤维经8个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成经丝，将玉米纤维、甲壳素纤维和聚乙烯纤维经8个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成纬丝，并在喷气织机上采用经纬交织的平纹组织法织造成防辐射层。
在步骤五中，将步骤四中织造的防辐射层放入生产加工流水线上，生产加工流水线主要使用的是纺织机器，经过纺织机器将基布层和防辐射层进行织造在一起并形成面料；
在步骤六中，将织造后的面料表面的杂毛清理掉，主要采用杂毛修剪机将面料表面的杂毛清理，在杂毛清理之前会经过梳毛步骤，主要是将让面料表面的杂物理顺，然后通过杂毛修剪机一次修剪，杂毛修剪机不可能完全的将面料表面的杂毛修剪掉，之后会使用工作人员手工将面料表面的杂毛进行第二次清理；
在步骤七中，将织造好的面料加入染色池，并在染料溶液中加入浓度10g/L的缓染剂、10g/L的冰醋酸，温度曲线100度开始上色，再降温，开始上色时，每分钟升温1℃到达200度，保温60分钟，再降低温度至室温；
在步骤八中，通过定型机对坯布进行定形，定形液含有5g/L的亲水硅油、10g/L的吸湿排汗剂，亲水硅油为T718，吸湿排汗剂为PSR，温度升高至195℃进行定型，并将面料冷却至室温，即得到阻燃面料成品。
综上所述，本发明具有优异的阻燃性能，手感柔软，吸湿透气，穿着舒适，且高密度可有效防止钻绒跑毛现象，面料中加入的防辐射层可有效阻隔辐射，大大提高阻燃产品的穿着舒适性及安全性能。
本发明将聚酯纤维、纳米远红外陶瓷纤维、竹炭纤维、玉米纤维、甲壳素纤维和聚乙烯纤维中混纺制成防辐射层5，具有很好的防辐射性能，能有效的将辐射进行阻隔，阻隔辐射能对人们的皮肤造成危害，同时轻薄舒适，柔软透气，可水洗，具有更好的舒适度和性价比。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

1.一种阻燃面料，包括基布层（1）、阻燃层（2）、防油层（3）、防水层（4）和防辐射层（5），其特征在于：所述阻燃层（2）涂覆在基布层（1）的顶部，所述防油层（3）涂覆在阻燃层（2）的顶部，所述防水层（4）涂覆在防油层（3）的顶部，所述防辐射层（5）涂覆在防水层（4）的顶部。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃面料，其特征在于：所述基布层（1）为丝光棉纤维、莫代尔纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维织造而成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃面料，其特征在于：所述阻燃层（2）为三磷酸酯或磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三丁酯、三磷酸酯或双酚A-双和间苯二酚中的一种或多种制成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃面料，其特征在于：所述防辐射层（5）为聚酯纤维、纳米远红外陶瓷纤维、竹炭纤维、玉米纤维、甲壳素纤维和聚乙烯纤维中混纺制成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃面料，其特征在于：所述面料的拉伸强力≥390N，所述面料的撕破强力≥30N。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃面料，其特征在于：所述面料的经密为120～150，所述面料的纬密为60～90，所述面料的克重110～130g/m²。
7.一种阻燃面料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、纺纱；步骤二、整理；步骤三、防油防水处理；步骤四、防辐射层织造；步骤五、面料纺织；步骤六、前期处理；步骤七、染色；步骤八、定形；其中：
在步骤一中，将丝光棉纤维经5～9个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成经丝，将莫代尔纤维和牛奶蛋白纤维经5～9个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成纬丝，并在喷气织机上采用经纬交织的平纹组织法织造成基布层；
在步骤二中，将基布层放置在阻燃助剂的盛装装置中进行整理，并使用标签机在相应的盛装装置的外部做上标签，为了后期的加工中方便工作人员区分原料；
在步骤三中，将基布层浸轧50g/L防油防水助剂，然后在160～180℃温度条件下焙烘基布层50～70s；
在步骤四中，将聚酯纤维、纳米远红外陶瓷纤维、竹炭纤维经4～8个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成经丝，将玉米纤维、甲壳素纤维和聚乙烯纤维经4～8个捻回/厘米的加捻工艺制作成纬丝，并在喷气织机上采用经纬交织的平纹组织法织造成防辐射层；
在步骤五中，将步骤四中织造的防辐射层放入生产加工流水线上，生产加工流水线主要使用的是纺织机器，经过纺织机器将基布层和防辐射层进行织造在一起并形成面料；
在步骤六中，将织造后的面料表面的杂毛清理掉，主要采用杂毛修剪机将面料表面的杂毛清理；
在步骤七中，将织造好的面料加入染色池，并在染料溶液中加入浓度8～10g/L的缓染剂、8～10g/L的冰醋酸，温度曲线100度开始上色，再降温；
在步骤八中，通过定型机对坯布进行定形，定形液含有3～5g/L的亲水硅油、8～10g/L的吸湿排汗剂，温度升高至185～195℃进行定型，并将面料冷却至室温，即得到阻燃面料成品。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种阻燃面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述在步骤六中，在杂毛清理之前会经过梳毛步骤，主要是将让面料表面的杂物理顺，然后通过杂毛修剪机一次修剪，杂毛修剪机不可能完全的将面料表面的杂毛修剪掉，之后会使用工作人员手工将面料表面的杂毛进行第二次清理。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种阻燃面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述在步骤七中，开始上色时，每分钟升温1℃到达200度，保温40～60分钟，再降低温度至室温。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃面料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述在在步骤八中，亲水硅油为T718，吸湿排汗剂为PSR。
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