CN110788382B - Two-way round steel cutter of pneumatic cylinder drive link mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a bidirectional round steel shearing machine with a hydraulic cylinder driving a link mechanism, which mainly includes a hydraulic power device, a transmission device, a shearing device, a frame, a double-layer conveying roller table arranged on the upper and lower sides, and a lateral clamping device. The device is characterized in that: the shearing device includes two fixed knife rests, a double-cut movable knife rest, and two kinds of round steel shearing arc shearing edges fixed on the knife rests; wherein, the two upper links in the transmission device are fixed On the frame, with the cooperation of the lateral clamping device, the round steel group is transported by the upper and lower double-layer conveying rollers to the specific shearing position of the fixed knife table; The lower and upper round steel groups are respectively cut in the downward and upward directions of the double-cut movable knife table at the end of the lower connecting rod of the transmission device. The semi-circular arc-shaped segmented arc-shaped shearing blade provided by the invention effectively improves the shearing quality of the round steel while improving the force of the shearing blade.

Description

A two-way round steel shearing machine driven by a hydraulic cylinder

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of round steel shearing, and in particular relates to a bidirectional round steel shearing machine with a hydraulic cylinder driving a link mechanism.

technical background

In the production of iron and steel metallurgy industry, we usually use a highly automated cold shearing machine to cut the incoming material at the head, tail and size to meet the production and life requirements for the output, shape and size of the round steel end face. Round steel cold shearing machine occupies a large proportion in shearing equipment, and has broad application prospects in vehicle engineering, iron and steel metallurgy and machinery manufacturing industries. However, the round steel cold shears currently used in the market still have certain defects. For example, most shears are still driven by traditional motors. The structure of the shearing mechanism is relatively complex, the shearing efficiency is relatively low, and the quality of the sheared products is high. Not very high either. For the shearing machine, the most common faults are the loosening of the connecting fasteners and the wear of the connecting parts such as the pins of the connecting rods, thrust rods and other parts. Common accidents in shearing mechanisms are bending and breaking of connecting rods and other parts. These phenomena seriously affect the service life of the shearing machine, resulting in the following undesirable phenomena in the existing shearing machine:

1. In the shearing device, the shearing edge is in direct contact with the round steel to be sheared, and bears all the shearing force, which often causes wear and tear, and local pits, cracks, and even fractures appear on the surface;

2. When the hydraulic technology is applied to a large shearing machine with excessive shear force, if the reversing is too fast, it will cause hydraulic shock and seriously damage the hydraulic components. Therefore, the current hydraulic shears will prolong the reversing time to weaken the shock. The damage to the hydraulic components has greatly restricted the production efficiency. When the hydraulic cylinder provides a large thrust, the working pressure of the hydraulic system will be very high. expensive;

3. The traditional shearing machine only works in the downward shearing stroke during a complete shearing process, and the shearing mechanism does not play a shearing role during the return stroke, which is equivalent to a complete shearing process. Half of the time is "wasted".

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bidirectional round steel shearing machine with a hydraulic cylinder driving link mechanism, which realizes two shearing in a complete shearing process through the upper and lower two sets of shearing edges of the double-cutting movable knife table. Through the design of the arc-shaped shearing blade group with the segmented multi-segment arc-shaped cutting edge, different arcs play their roles in sequence to complete the shearing process of the round steel group, optimize the force state of the shearing blade, and improve the round steel. cut quality.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is to provide a two-way round steel shearing machine with a hydraulic cylinder-driven connecting rod mechanism, and use the arc-shaped shearing edge equipped with a segmented multi-segment arc-shaped cutting edge to carry out the cutting operation on the round steel. Shear to obtain high-quality shear sections. Both the upward and downward movements of the shearing device can complete the shearing action to achieve high-efficiency shearing of round steel. The specific operation is to use double hydraulic cylinders to drive the round steel shearing device and specific shearing method of the symmetrical segmented multi-segment arc-shaped shearing blade group assembled on the double-cut movable knife table.

The structure of the invention mainly includes a hydraulic power device, a transmission device, a shearing device, a frame, a double-layer conveying roller table arranged on the upper and lower sides, and a side clamping device. The shearing device includes two fixed knife tables, a double-cut movable knife Table and two kinds of round steel shearing arc-shaped shearing blades fixed on the knife table; among them, the two upper links in the transmission device are fixed on the frame, and with the cooperation of the lateral clamping device, the round steel group is composed of The upper and lower double-layer conveying rollers are conveyed to the specific shearing position of the fixed knife table. Driven by the hydraulic power device, the downward and upward movements of the double-cut movable tool rest fixed on the end of the lower connecting rod of the transmission device cut the lower round steel group and the upper round steel group respectively.

The hydraulic power device is two horizontally placed hydraulic cylinders, which are symmetrically installed on both sides of the frame by means of pin shaft hinges. The double-acting oil cylinder can control the push-pull behavior of the oil cylinder by controlling the oil inlet and outlet directions of the two oil ports in different shearing stages.

The shearing device includes two fixed knife blocks, a double-cut movable knife block, and two kinds of round steel shearing arc cutting edges fixed on the knife blocks; wherein, the upper fixed knife block and the lower fixed knife block are both fixed on the frame. On the upper and lower sides of the double-cut movable knife table, there are arc shearing blade sets with semi-circular arc-shaped cutting edges, which are mainly used for positioning and shearing the round steel; The circular arc shearing blade group of the cutting edge completes the synchronous reciprocating shearing action under the action of the transmission device.

The outer and inner pressing plates of the lateral clamping device are both provided with a set of arc-shaped clamping grooves, which are driven by two single-acting clamping cylinders on the left and right, so as to make the round steel closer to a fully clamped state during the shearing process. , to improve the cut quality.

The upper and lower double-layer conveying rollers are two sets of round steel conveying rollers arranged up and down, which are independently controlled by motors.

The double-cut movable knife table is driven by a double-parallelogram-shaped connecting rod transmission mechanism to perform a reciprocating shearing motion; the upper and lower parts of the double-cut movable knife table are equipped with segmented multi-segment arc-shaped cutting edge groups. , wherein the length of the upper arc-shaped group of shearing blades is 1/2 to 3/5 of the lower arc-shaped shearing blade group.

The cutting edge of the segmented arc-shaped shearing blade group is composed of three arcs, of which two sides are convex arcs, and the middle is a concave arc, and they undertake shearing work in different shearing stages; In the crack initiation and propagation stage during the cutting process, the convex arc plays a leading role; in the round steel cutting process, the concave arc plays a leading role.

A two-way round steel shearing machine driven by a hydraulic cylinder driving link mechanism, the specific shearing process is as follows:

(1) The sheared position of the lower round steel group is the initial station, at this time the left hydraulic cylinder provides thrust, and the right hydraulic cylinder provides tension; the lower side provides tension to the left clamping cylinder of the clamping device, and the right clamping cylinder provides thrust , the lower round steel group is clamped by the lower side clamping device, and the upper round steel group is transported forward by the upper roller table to the shearing position;

(2) After the lower round steel group is sheared, the shearing mechanism moves to the lowest point at this time, and the upper round steel group is transported forward from the upper roller table to the shearing position; the lower side is unloaded to the clamping device (left clamping cylinder Provide pushing force, right clamping cylinder provides pulling force), the upper side provides pulling force to the left clamping cylinder of the clamping device, the right clamping cylinder provides pushing force, and the upper round steel group is clamped by the upper side clamping device; the left hydraulic cylinder is still Provide thrust, the right hydraulic cylinder still provides pulling force to complete the shearing of the upper round steel group, and the lower round steel group is transported forward from the lower roller table to the shearing position;

(3) After the upper round steel group is sheared, the shearing mechanism moves to the highest point at this time, and the upper side is unloaded to the clamping device (the left clamping cylinder provides thrust, and the right clamping cylinder provides tension); the lower side clamps The two clamping cylinders of the device are not reversed, and the second lower round steel group is clamped by the lower side to the clamping device; the left hydraulic cylinder provides the pulling force, and the right hydraulic cylinder provides the thrust force to cut the second lower round steel group;

(4) The two clamping cylinders of the upper lateral clamping device are not reversed, and the second upper round steel group is clamped by the upper lateral clamping device. The left hydraulic cylinder still provides pulling force, and the right hydraulic cylinder still provides pushing force to cut the second upper round steel group.

By repeating the above-mentioned shearing action, two sets of round bars of "lower shear" and "upper shear" can be realized in a complete shearing process (right row and left row of the shearing device).

The round bar is transported to the position to be sheared through the double-layer roller table arranged up and down, the lower roller table first transports the round bar to the shearing position, the side clamping device presses the round bar, and the double-cut movable knife table is used for shearing. When the transmission mechanism drives the double-cut movable knife table to go up, the upper roller table and the lateral clamping device perform the above actions in the same way to complete a cycle of shearing action.

The design of the cutting edge shape of the segmented arc edge is realized as follows: the shearing process of the round steel is divided into elastic deformation stage, plastic deformation stage, crack generation, slip expansion until the round steel is broken and separated from the cutting head. In the shearing area of the round steel, the instantaneous shear force reaches the maximum value from plastic deformation to micro-cracks; since the round steel enters the state of plastic deformation instantly when the shearing edge contacts the round steel, the influence of elastic deformation is ignored. The action of the tightening device makes the round steel close to a fully clamped state, so that the depths of the upper and lower shearing edges cutting into the round steel tend to be consistent. When using flat blade shears, when the cutting depth is e, the shearing force is the largest, and the round steel begins to break. The clipping area is:

In order to realize the "labor saving" effect of the round steel cutting edge in the shearing process, and to make the cutting edge of the cutting edge bear reasonable force during the plastic deformation stage of the round steel, the side of the cutting edge is designed as two convex arcs with left and right symmetry. In order to save the material of the cutting edge and avoid unnecessary waste of precious metals, the straight line passing the starting point of the convex arc and the other focus of the outer circle of the round steel are. Simultaneous solution point with the round bar outer circle equation. In order to make the sheared round steel have good surface quality and reduce the tearing area, the calculation is carried out according to the principle of "homogenization of shear plastic deformation area", namely:

If the round steel material and radius R are known, θ can be obtained.

It can be seen from the actual production that due to the rheology and bending of the round steel during the shearing process, the stroke of the active knife is 2.01 to 2.25 times that of the fixed knife. Next, find the coordinates of point c and the lengths of ac and bc.

To sum up, if the specification (radius) of the round steel to be sheared and the material of the round steel are known, the convex arc of the segmented arc shearing edge can be obtained by the following formula:

Among them, θ——the intersection of the chord of the convex arc and the horizontal axis of the coordinate system with the center of the round steel as the coordinate origin;

e——the cutting depth when the round steel is broken, which is related to the material of the round steel;

K——the stroke coefficient of the upper shearing blade, K=1.13～1.57;

R - radius of round steel;

R ₁ —— radius of convex arc;

n——abscissa of convex arc;

m——the ordinate of the convex arc.

Arc-shaped shearing edges are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the double-cut movable knife table. A complete shearing process can realize the shearing of four groups of round steel. Two kinds of round bars of different specifications are sheared in the same shearing process, which greatly improves the round bar shearing efficiency. The combined shearing edge composed of multi-segment arc-shaped edges in the form of "two convex arcs + one concave arc" can improve the shearing quality of round steel, and at the same time make the arc-shaped shearing edge reasonable in force and enhance the "labor saving" effect.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: the power of the shearing machine comes from two symmetrically arranged horizontal hydraulic cylinders, which pushes the power device to be used, and then pushes the upper knife to perform the upper-cutting shearing motion. The two hydraulic cylinders act at the same time, not only can Provides greater power, and the circular steel shears can be driven to perform shearing action during the expansion and contraction of the piston rod of each cylinder, without frequent reversing, which effectively solves the difficulty of reversing the hydraulic cylinder and when the hydraulic cylinder provides a large thrust The problem that the working pressure of the hydraulic system is too high.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the main component diagram of the round steel shearing mechanism involved in the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagram II of the main components of the round steel shearing mechanism involved in the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a lateral clamping device;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the multi-segment arc-shaped shearing edge shearing round steel of the double-cut movable knife station;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an arc-shaped shearing blade;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the shearing process.

In the figure: 1. Frame; 2. Left hydraulic cylinder; 3. Right hydraulic cylinder; 4. Upper fixed knife table; 5. Upper round steel group; 6. Lower round steel group; 7. Upper arc shearing blade group; 8. Double-cut movable knife table; 9. Lower arc cutting blade group; 10. Lower fixed knife table; 11. Upper roller table; 12. Upper lateral clamping device; 13. Round steel cutting head; 14. Lower side To clamping device; 15, lower roller table; 16, left clamping cylinder; 17, right clamping cylinder; 18, outer platen; 19, inner platen; 20, round steel.

Detailed ways

The application will be described below through examples. As shown in Figures 1-4, the present invention provides a high-quality and high-efficiency device for shearing round steel driven by double hydraulic cylinders, which has a transmission device, a shearing mechanism, and a lateral clamping device. Device and transmission device; two types of arc-shaped shearing edges are arranged on the knife table: the upper and lower sides of the double-cut movable knife table 8 are equipped with segmented and multi-segment arc-shaped shearing edges, and the shearing mechanism is fixed from the top. The knife table 4, the double-cut movable knife block 8, the lower fixed knife block 10 and the cutting edge fixed on the knife block are composed; the upper and lower fixed knife blocks are respectively fixed on the frame 1, the double-cut movable knife block 8 and the transmission mechanism Hinged; both the outer and inner pressing plates of the lateral clamping device have a set of arc-shaped clamping grooves, which are driven by the left and right single-acting clamping cylinders to make the round steel 20 closer and completely clamped during the shearing process state and improve the shearing quality; the transmission device adopts a link mechanism, specifically a double parallelogram transmission mechanism, including two sets of links between the upper tool rest and the frame, and the two hinge points of the two sets of links are connected by a cross bar , which constitutes the upper and lower groups of parallelogram mechanisms, which provide shearing force for the shearing mechanism under the action of the left and right double-acting hydraulic cylinders; as shown in Figure 5, the segmented arc edge is three It is composed of circular arcs, of which two sides are convex arcs, and the middle is concave arc, which undertakes shearing work in different shearing stages; in the plastic deformation stage of the shearing process, the convex arc plays a leading role, and in the crack initiation, propagation and fracture stage, The concave arc undertakes the shearing work.

As shown in Figure 6, a method for high-efficiency and high-quality shearing of round steel with segmented arc blades is achieved as follows:

(1) The position where the lower round steel group 6 is about to be sheared is the initial work position. At this time, the left hydraulic cylinder 2 provides a pushing force, and the right hydraulic cylinder 3 provides a pulling force; the lower side provides a pulling force to the left clamping cylinder 16 of the clamping device 14, The right clamping cylinder 17 provides thrust, the lower round steel group 6 is clamped by the lower lateral clamping device 14, and the upper round steel group 5 is transported forward by the upper roller table 11 to the shearing position;

(2) After the lower round steel group 6 completes shearing, the shearing mechanism moves to the lowest point at this time, and the upper round steel group 5 is transported forward by the upper roller table 11 to the shearing position; the lower side is unloaded to the clamping device 14, The upper side provides pulling force to the left clamping cylinder 16 of the clamping device 12, the right clamping cylinder 17 provides thrust, and the upper round steel group 5 is clamped by the upper side to the clamping device 12; the left hydraulic cylinder 16 still provides thrust, and the right hydraulic pressure The cylinder 17 still provides the pulling force to complete the shearing of the upper round steel group 5, and the lower round steel group 6 is transported forward by the lower roller table 15 to the shearing position;

(3) After the upper round steel group 4 is sheared, the shearing mechanism moves to the highest point at this time, and the lower round steel group 6 is clamped by the lower side clamping device 14. At this time, the left hydraulic cylinder 16 provides thrust, and the right hydraulic pressure Cylinder 17 provides pulling force, repeating the above shearing action, realizes "lower shear" and "upper shear" two groups of round bars in a complete shearing process, which greatly improves shearing efficiency.

Based on the solutions in the present invention, all other solutions obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a two-way round steel cutter of pneumatic cylinder drive link mechanism, mainly includes hydraulic power device, transmission, shearing mechanism, frame, upper and lower double-deck rollgang and the side direction clamping device who arranges, its characterized in that: the shearing device comprises two fixed cutter tables, a double-cutting movable cutter table and two round steel shearing arc-shaped shearing blades fixed on the cutter tables; two upper connecting rods in the transmission device are fixed on the rack, and the round steel groups are conveyed to a specific shearing position of the fixed cutter platform by a double-layer conveying roller way arranged up and down under the coordination of the lateral clamping device; the lower round steel group and the upper round steel group are respectively sheared by the descending and ascending of a double-cutting movable cutter platform fixedly connected with the end part of a lower connecting rod of the transmission device under the driving of a hydraulic power device;

the hydraulic power device is two hydraulic cylinders which are horizontally arranged and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the rack in a pin shaft hinge mode, and the tail ends of piston rods of the two hydraulic cylinders are respectively hinged with a cross rod in the transmission device; the hydraulic cylinder is a piston type double-acting oil cylinder;

the transmission device adopts a link mechanism, in particular to a double-parallelogram transmission mechanism, and comprises two groups of links between an upper tool rest and a machine frame, wherein two hinge points of the two groups of links are connected by a cross rod to form an upper and a lower groups of parallelogram mechanisms;

the shearing device comprises two fixed cutter tables, a double-cutting movable cutter table and two round steel shearing arc-shaped shearing blades fixed on the cutter tables; the upper fixed cutter platform and the lower fixed cutter platform are both fixed on the frame, and arc-shaped shearing blade groups with semi-arc-shaped cutting edges are arranged on the two fixed cutter platforms and mainly used for positioning and shearing the round steel; arc-shaped shear blade groups with sectional arc-shaped cutting edges are arranged above and below the double-cutting movable cutter platform;

the lateral clamping device is characterized in that a group of circular arc-shaped clamping grooves are formed in the outer side pressing plate and the inner side pressing plate of the lateral clamping device and are driven by a left single-action clamping cylinder and a right single-action clamping cylinder;

the double-layer conveying roller ways arranged up and down are two groups of round steel conveying roller ways arranged up and down and are independently controlled by a motor;

the double-cutting movable knife rest is driven by a double-parallelogram-shaped connecting rod transmission mechanism to do reciprocating shearing motion; the upper and lower parts of the double-cutting movable knife platform are respectively provided with an arc-shaped cutting edge group with a sectional type multi-section arc-shaped cutting edge.

2. The bidirectional round steel shearing machine with the hydraulic cylinder driving connecting rod mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cutting edge of the sectional type circular arc-shaped cutting edge group is formed by three sections of circular arcs, wherein the two sides of the cutting edge group are convex arcs, the middle of the cutting edge group is a concave arc, and the cutting edges of the sectional type circular arc-shaped cutting edge group respectively undertake cutting work in different cutting stages.

3. The bidirectional round steel shearing machine with the hydraulic cylinder driving connecting rod mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the length of the upper arc-shaped group of the cutting edges arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the double-cutting movable knife platform is 1/2-3/5 of the length of the lower arc-shaped cutting edge group.

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