CN110788192A - Ultrasonic field assisted bulging device and method for ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure - Google Patents
Ultrasonic field assisted bulging device and method for ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110788192A CN110788192A CN201911103809.6A CN201911103809A CN110788192A CN 110788192 A CN110788192 A CN 110788192A CN 201911103809 A CN201911103809 A CN 201911103809A CN 110788192 A CN110788192 A CN 110788192A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/10—Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- B06B2201/70—Specific application
Abstract
The application relates to an ultrasonic field assisted bulging device and method for an ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure, and the device comprises a base, a pressing plate connected with the base, a target to be formed arranged between the pressing plate and the base, and a forming mechanism which is in contact with the target to be formed so as to form the target to be formed, wherein the forming mechanism is connected with an external driving mechanism; be provided with the recess that is used for placing the soft mode medium on the base, the upper surface of soft mode medium flushes the setting with the upper surface of base. Be provided with the recess that is equipped with the soft mode medium on the base, the soft mode medium flushes with the upper surface of recess, will treat the shaping target and place the back between base and clamp plate, treat the shaping target and exert external force to the soft mode medium when exerting external force, so that the soft mode medium treats the shaping target spare and exerts the reaction force, because the soft mode medium volume change is less when receiving external force, thereby the reaction force of exerting for treating the shaping target is comparatively even, can avoid local heavy deformation and the serious target attenuate of treating that leads to even break.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ultrasonic field assisted bulging device and method for an ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure, and belongs to the field of ultrathin sheet forming and manufacturing.
Background
The ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure with the wall thickness of less than 200 mu m and the microstructure characteristic dimension of less than 1.0mm is widely applied to various fields such as fuel cells, portable electronic products and the like, has various functions of mass transfer, heat transfer and the like, and plays a decisive role in the performance of products. However, such components are ultra thin in wall thickness and complex in shape, which presents a significant challenge to precision manufacturing. The main reasons are as follows: 1) the wall thickness and the grain size of the metal material are in one order of magnitude, local single grains play a leading role in the integral forming of the thin plate, obvious non-uniform plastic deformation occurs, the forming limit and the like are obviously reduced, and the manufacture is very difficult; 2) the microstructure shape of the component is complex, the component is usually used in an array form, and the processing and the assembly of a mould are difficult and high in cost. At present, the parts are mainly prepared by technologies such as ultra-precision machining-electrochemical deposition manufacturing and traditional stamping forming, and have a plurality of defects in the aspects of wall thickness, precision, cost, qualified rate and the like of a formed part, more importantly, ultra-thin-wall complex microstructures with large depth-to-width ratio cannot be manufactured, and industrial application of the products is severely restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic field assisted bulging device and method for an ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure, which can improve the forming precision of the ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure, reduce the manufacturing cost of products of the type and promote large-scale industrial application of the products.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an ultrasonic field assisted bulging device for an ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure comprises a base, a pressing plate connected with the base, a target to be formed and a forming mechanism, wherein the target to be formed is arranged between the pressing plate and the base, the forming mechanism is in contact with the target to be formed so as to form the target to be formed, and the forming mechanism is connected with an external driving mechanism; the base is provided with a groove for placing a soft mold medium, and the upper surface of the soft mold medium is flush with the upper surface of the base.
Further, the soft mold medium is any one of plasticine, polymer, polyurethane and fine solid particles.
Further, the forming mechanism comprises an ultrasonic vibrator connected with the driving mechanism and a forming piece connected with the ultrasonic vibrator.
Further, the forming piece has a contact surface which is in contact with the object to be formed, and the contact surface is provided with a microstructure.
Further, the microstructure is an uneven surface, and the uneven surface is any one of a wave-shaped surface, an arc-shaped surface, a slope-shaped surface and a wedge-shaped surface.
Further, the area of the contact surface is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the groove.
Further, the forming piece is a male die or a female die.
Furthermore, the ultrasonic field assisted bulging device for the ultra-thin-wall complex curved surface microstructure further comprises a guide mechanism arranged on the base, a sliding groove in sliding fit with the guide mechanism is arranged on the pressing plate, and the sliding groove slides along the guide mechanism to be detachably connected with the base.
The invention also provides an ultrasonic field assisted bulging method for the ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure, which adopts the ultrasonic field assisted bulging device for the ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure, and comprises the following steps:
placing a target to be formed between the base and a platen such that the target to be formed is fixed;
setting working data of an external mechanism and a forming mechanism so that an external driving mechanism drives the forming mechanism to be in contact with the target to be formed to apply external force to the target to be formed;
the target to be formed deforms under the action of external force, the external force is transmitted to the soft mold medium by the target to be formed, and the soft mold medium is acted by the force to apply a reaction force to the target to be formed;
and the target to be formed is formed under the dual actions of external force and reaction force.
Further, the working data includes:
the working frequency of the forming mechanism is 10-40kHz, the longitudinal amplitude is 1-10 mu m, and the speed of the driving mechanism is 0.1-1 mm/min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the base is provided with a groove, a soft mold medium is arranged in the groove, the upper surface of the soft mold medium is flush with the upper surface of the groove, after the target to be formed is placed between the base and the pressing plate, external force is applied to the target to be formed while external force is applied to the soft mold medium, so that the soft mold medium applies reaction force to the target to be formed, and the volume change of the soft mold medium is small when the soft mold medium is subjected to the external force, so that the reaction force applied to the target to be formed is uniform, and the serious target to be formed is prevented from being thinned or even broken due to local large deformation;
by arranging the ultrasonic vibrator, the forming limit of the ultrathin metal plate is improved and the force transmission characteristic of a soft mold medium is further improved by utilizing the action of an ultrasonic field, so that the forming limit and the quality of the ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure are improved; by providing only one shaped piece, which can be either a punch or a die, the mold manufacturing costs are reduced.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic field assisted bulging device for an ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure.
Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, an ultrasonic field assisted bulging apparatus for an ultra-thin-walled complex curved microstructure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is used to connect with an external forming device, and the external forming device has a driving mechanism. In this embodiment, the external forming device is a servo press to ensure the displacement accuracy of the device driver. Indeed, in other embodiments, the external forming device may be other, and is not limited specifically herein, as the case may be. The ultrasonic field assisted bulging device for the ultra-thin-wall complex curved surface microstructure comprises a fixing plate 7 fixedly connected with external forming equipment, a base 1 connected with the fixing plate 7, a pressing plate 2 connected with the base 1, a target 5 to be formed arranged between the pressing plate 2 and the base 1 and a forming mechanism 3 contacted with the target 5 to be formed so as to form the target 5 to be formed, wherein a driving mechanism is connected with the forming mechanism 3, and when the target 5 to be formed is placed between the pressing plate 2 and the base 1, the pressing plate 2 and the base 1 are tightly connected through a fastening piece 9 so as to tightly press the target 5 to be formed. The fastening member 9 is a bolt or other conventional structure, and is not described herein. In this embodiment, the target 5 to be formed is a micro-channel fuel cell bipolar plate distributed in a serpentine shape, wherein the width and the ridge width of the micro-channel are both 0.5-1.5mm, the depth of the micro-channel is 0.5-1.5mm, the fillet radius at the joint of the micro-channel and the ridge is R0.2-0.5mm, and the depth-to-width ratio is 0.5-1.0, and the material may be stainless steel, titanium or titanium black gold and other metal materials. It is needless to say that in other embodiments, the target 5 to be formed may be other, for example, an ultra-thin metal plate with a thickness of 20-300 μm, and the like, which is not limited herein according to the actual situation.
The pressing plate 2 is provided with a through hole, and the diameter of the through hole is larger than the maximum width of the forming mechanism 3 so that the forming mechanism 3 can apply external force to the object 5 to be formed through the through hole. Indeed, in other embodiments, the pressing plate 2 may also be a split structure, that is, the split pressing plates 2 are respectively disposed on two sides of the base 1 to press the object 5 to be formed. At this time, the distance between the two split type pressing plates 2 is larger than the maximum width of the forming mechanism 3.
The ultrasonic field assisted bulging device for the ultra-thin-wall complex curved surface microstructure further comprises a guide mechanism 6 arranged on the base 1, a sliding groove 8 in sliding fit with the guide mechanism 6 is arranged on the pressing plate 2, and the sliding groove 8 slides along the guide mechanism 6 to be detachably connected with the base 1. In this embodiment, the guiding mechanism 6 is a guiding post, the guiding post is disposed on one side of the base 1, and after the pressing plate 2 and the base 1 are installed through the guiding post, the other side is fastened and connected through a fastening member 9.
Wherein, the base 1 is provided with a groove 11 for placing the soft mold medium 4, and the upper surface of the soft mold medium 4 is flush with the upper surface of the base 1, so that the soft mold medium 4 can be in contact with the object 5 to be formed. The soft mold medium 4 is any one of plasticine, polymer, polyurethane and fine solid particles, and in this embodiment, the soft mold medium 4 may be polyurethane. Indeed, in other embodiments, the soft mold medium 4 may be other, and only the same technical effect needs to be achieved, and is not specifically limited herein, depending on the actual situation. Through being provided with soft mould medium 4, also exert external force to soft mould medium 4 when treating the shaping target 5 application external force to make soft mould medium 4 treat shaping target 5 spare application reaction force, because soft mould medium 4 volume change is less when receiving external force, thereby the reaction force of giving the target 5 application of waiting to shape is comparatively even, can avoid local big deformation and serious target 5 attenuate or even break waiting to shape that leads to.
The forming mechanism 3 comprises an ultrasonic vibrator 31 connected with the driving mechanism and a forming part 32 connected with the ultrasonic vibrator 31, and the forming limit of the ultrathin metal plate is improved and the force transmission characteristic of the soft mold medium 4 is further improved by utilizing the action of an ultrasonic field, so that the forming limit and the quality of the ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure are improved. The former 32 has a contact surface with the object 5 to be formed, on which a microstructure is provided. The microstructure is an uneven surface, and the uneven surface is any one of a wavy surface, an arc surface, a slope surface and a wedge surface. In the embodiment, the micro-structure is a micro-channel, the width and the ridge width of the micro-channel are both 0.5-1.5mm, the depth of the micro-channel is 0.5-1.5mm, the radius of the fillet at the joint of the micro-channel and the ridge is R0.2-0.5mm, and the depth-to-width ratio is 0.5-1.0. The area of the contact surface is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the groove 11, so that the object 5 to be formed can be sufficiently deformed. In this embodiment, the form 32 is a punch or a die.
The invention also provides an ultrasonic field assisted bulging method for the ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure, which adopts the ultrasonic field assisted bulging device for the ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure, and comprises the following steps:
placing an object 5 to be formed between the base 1 and platen 2 such that the object 5 to be formed is fixed;
setting working data of an external mechanism and a forming mechanism 3, so that the external driving mechanism drives the forming mechanism 3 to be in contact with the target 5 to be formed to apply external force to the target 5 to be formed; wherein the working data comprises: the working frequency of the forming mechanism 3 is 10-40kHz, the longitudinal amplitude is 1-10 mu m, and the speed of the driving mechanism is 0.1-1 mm/min.
The target 5 to be formed deforms under the action of external force, the target 5 to be formed simultaneously transmits the external force to the soft mold medium 4, and the soft mold medium 4 is acted by the force to apply a reaction force to the target 5 to be formed;
the target 5 to be formed is formed under the dual action of the external force and the reaction force, the ultrasonic vibrator 31 continues to move downwards, and usually, the displacement of the downward movement of the male die/female die driven by the ultrasonic vibrator 31 is consistent with the depth of the micro-channel. After the set displacement is reached, the ultrasonic vibrator 31 stops moving and is kept at the original position for a certain time, such as 10-200s, and the setting is specifically carried out according to the requirement. The operation of the ultrasonic vibrator 31 can be started at any time of the forming process, for example, the ultrasonic field is applied after the male die/female die stops moving for 20s, the vibrator frequency is 20kHz, and the amplitude is 2 μm. After the set time is reached, the vibrator is driven by the equipment sliding block to move upwards and backwards, the speed can be faster slightly, such as 1-10mm/min, and the vibrator stops when the starting point is reached.
And taking out the male die/the female die, loosening the bolts to detach the guide plate, and taking out the ultra-thin-wall complex curved surface micro-structural forming piece. In order to avoid the deformation of the ultrathin wall when the ultrathin wall is taken out, a layer of lubricating oil can be coated on the surface of the ultrathin metal in advance. And ending the bulging process of the ultra-thin wall complex curved surface microstructure by the aid of the ultrasonic field softening-assisted die.
In summary, the following steps: the base 1 is provided with a groove 11, the groove 11 is internally provided with a soft mold medium 4, the upper surface of the soft mold medium 4 is flush with the upper surface of the groove 11, after the target 5 to be formed is placed between the base 1 and the pressing plate 2, external force is applied to the soft mold medium 4 while external force is applied to the target 5 to be formed, so that the soft mold medium 4 applies reaction force to the target 5 to be formed, and the volume change of the soft mold medium 4 is small when the external force is applied, so that the reaction force applied to the target 5 to be formed is uniform, and the serious target 5 to be formed, which is caused by local large deformation, can be prevented from being thinned and even broken;
by arranging the ultrasonic vibrator 31, the forming limit of the ultrathin metal plate is improved and the force transmission characteristic of the soft mold medium 4 is further improved by utilizing the action of an ultrasonic field, so that the forming limit and the quality of the ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure are improved; by providing only one forming member 32, the forming member 32 can be either a punch or a die, reducing the cost of manufacturing the mold.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An ultrasonic field assisted bulging device for an ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure is characterized by comprising a base, a pressing plate connected with the base, a target to be formed and a forming mechanism, wherein the target to be formed is arranged between the pressing plate and the base, the forming mechanism is in contact with the target to be formed so as to form the target to be formed, and the forming mechanism is connected with an external driving mechanism; the base is provided with a groove for placing a soft mold medium, and the upper surface of the soft mold medium is flush with the upper surface of the base.
2. The ultra-thin wall complex curved surface microstructure ultrasonic field assisted bulging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the soft mold medium is any one of plasticine, polymer, polyurethane and fine solid particles.
3. The ultra-thin wall complex curved surface microstructure ultrasonic field assisted bulging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the forming mechanism comprises an ultrasonic vibrator connected with a driving mechanism and a forming member connected with the ultrasonic vibrator.
4. The ultra-thin wall complex curved surface microstructure ultrasonic field assisted bulging apparatus of claim 3, wherein the forming member has a contact surface in contact with the object to be formed, and the contact surface is provided with a microstructure.
5. The ultra-thin wall complex curved surface microstructure ultrasonic field assisted bulging apparatus of claim 4, wherein the microstructure is an uneven surface, and the uneven surface is any one of a wavy surface, an arc surface, a slope surface and a wedge surface.
6. The ultra-thin walled complex curved microstructure ultrasonic field assisted bulging apparatus of claim 4, wherein the area of the contact surface is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the groove.
7. The ultra-thin wall complex curved surface microstructure ultrasonic field assisted bulging apparatus of claim 3, wherein the forming member is a male die or a female die.
8. The ultra-thin wall complex curved surface microstructure ultrasonic field aided bulging device of claim 1, wherein the ultra-thin wall complex curved surface microstructure ultrasonic field aided bulging device further comprises a guide mechanism arranged on a base, a sliding groove in sliding fit with the guide mechanism is arranged on the pressing plate, and the sliding groove slides along the guide mechanism to be detachably connected with the base.
9. An ultrasonic field assisted bulging method for an ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure, which adopts the ultrasonic field assisted bulging device for the ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing a target to be formed between the base and a platen such that the target to be formed is fixed;
setting working data of an external mechanism and a forming mechanism so that an external driving mechanism drives the forming mechanism to be in contact with the target to be formed to apply external force to the target to be formed;
the target to be formed deforms under the action of external force, the external force is transmitted to the soft mold medium by the target to be formed, and the soft mold medium is acted by the force to apply a reaction force to the target to be formed;
and the target to be formed is formed under the dual actions of external force and reaction force.
10. The ultra-thin wall complex curved surface microstructure ultrasonic field assisted bulging method of claim 9, wherein the working data comprises:
the working frequency of the forming mechanism is 10-40kHz, the longitudinal amplitude is 1-10 mu m, and the speed of the driving mechanism is 0.1-1 mm/min.
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| CN201911103809.6A CN110788192A (en) | 2019-11-13 | 2019-11-13 | Ultrasonic field assisted bulging device and method for ultrathin-wall complex curved surface microstructure |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN111468560A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-31 | 苏州大学 | Large-area micro-channel polar plate ultrasonic field shape correction assisting device |
| CN111468605A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-07-31 | 苏州大学 | Compound bulging school shape integral type device of ultra-thin plate microstructure |
| CN113909368A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2022-01-11 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Precision and performance control method for superplastic forming of abrupt-change wall-thickness thin-wall hemisphere |
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| CN113909368A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2022-01-11 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Precision and performance control method for superplastic forming of abrupt-change wall-thickness thin-wall hemisphere |
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Application publication date: 20200214 |