CN107971381A - The ultrasonic vibration of thin-wall complicated curved surface micro-structure components aids in micro- bulging device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging device and method for thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure components, which relate to a thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure forming device and method to solve the problem that the existing technology cannot manufacture thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure components. Including upper connecting seat, lower connecting seat, ultrasonic vibration source, punch, die and binder plate; On the seat, the punch is slidably set in the inner hole of the binder plate. The lower surface of the punch has an array of raised microstructures, and the upper surface of the die has an array of concave microstructures. The raised microstructures match the concave microstructures. set up. The micro-forming method is as follows: 1. device assembly, and 2. micro-bulging of the blank plate to obtain a thin-walled complex curved surface micro-structure array member.

Description

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging device and method for thin-walled complex curved surface micro-structural components

technical field

The invention relates to a thin-wall complex curved surface microstructure forming device and method, in particular to a thin-wall complex curved surface microstructure array ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging device and method, belonging to the field of material forming.

Background technique

Thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure components, with their special curved surface structure, make this type of structure have multiple functions such as optics and thermal control, and have a wide range of application potentials in microelectronics and other industries. However, the wall thickness of this type of component is very small, usually within 100 μm, the maximum outer contour size of the structure is less than 10 mm, and the structure is a complex curved surface such as a spherical crown, a sinusoidal curve, etc. At present, this type of structure cannot be manufactured by traditional mechanical processing methods due to its very small wall thickness, and conventional plastic forming methods are likely to cause bottlenecks such as severe wall thickness reduction and even cracking, and cannot achieve high-precision thin-walled complex curved surface microstructures. Precision forming of components.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides an ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging device and method for a thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure component, which aims to solve the problem that the thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure component cannot be manufactured by the existing technology.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

Option 1: Ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging device for thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure components includes upper connecting seat, lower connecting seat, ultrasonic vibration source, punch, die and binder plate;

The ultrasonic vibration source is installed on the upper connecting seat, the upper connecting seat is vertically slidably installed on the lower connecting seat, the die is installed on the lower connecting seat, the pressing plate is connected with the die and the blank plate to be formed is placed between them , the punch is driven by a punch machine, the punch is slidably set in the inner hole of the binder plate, the lower surface of the punch has an array of raised microstructures, the upper surface of the die has an array of concave microstructures, and the raised microstructures The structure matches the recessed microstructure setting.

Scheme 2: Ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging method of thin-walled complex curved surface micro-structural components is realized in this way:

1. Assembling the device, processing the convex mold and the concave mold into curved convex microstructures and concave microstructures respectively, installing the concave mold on the lower mold base, placing the blank plate on the concave microstructure of the concave mold, The pressing plate is installed on the die and presses the blank plate, the punch is placed in the inner hole of the pressing plate, the ultrasonic vibration source is installed on the upper connecting seat, the ultrasonic vibration punch and the horn pass through the support plate center hole, then connect the upper and lower connectors to the fixture;

2. The blank plate is slightly bulging, the upper connector is connected to the testing machine, the upper connecting seat is connected to the upper connector, and it moves downward under the action of the testing machine. The direction of movement is guided by the guide column, and the ultrasonic vibration source is controlled by the upper connector. Driven by the upper die base, upper support column and fixed plate to move downward, start the ultrasonic vibration source, the ultrasonic vibration punch acts on the punch, moves downward with the movement of the punch, and the downward movement of the punch acts on the blank plate At the same time, the ultrasonic vibration source provides ultrasonic vibration and acts on the blank plate through the horn and punch. The ultrasonic vibration frequency is 20-40KHz and the amplitude is 1-10 microns;

The convex microstructure and the concave microstructure array cooperate with each other, and the blank plate is bulging and deformed under the joint action of the punch and the concave mold with the assistance of ultrasonic vibration. When the punch drops to the gap between the punch and the concave mold When the thickness is measured, the testing machine stops the downward movement of the upper connecting seat, and keeps the position for a certain period of time before returning. After taking out the punch, the formed thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure array member can be taken out.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects that: the ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging device and method for thin-wall complex curved surface microstructure array components adopt thin plates to form the components, and utilize the advantages of ultrasonic vibration-assisted forming to micro-bulge complex curved surfaces of thin plates. Structural array forming has important positive effects, mainly in the following aspects:

(1) Utilize ultrasonic vibration to improve the plastic deformation performance of the thin plate, increase its elongation, and make the wall thickness more uniform. For example, the maximum wall thickness reduction is significantly reduced from 27% to 19%, which can improve the bulging forming limit, and is very suitable for thin-wall complex Surface structure array forming;

(2) After the punch moves to the position, keep applying ultrasonic vibration for a certain time, so that the formed thin plate can be better attached to the film, and the precision of the formed complex surface microstructure array is higher, and the accuracy of the film is increased by 12%.

(3) By using the punch and die with array microstructures, array microstructure parts with large area can be formed, the forming efficiency is high, the cost is low, and the formed thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure has good consistency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

Figure 2 Schematic diagram of forming principle.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Referring to Fig. 1, the ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging device for thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure components includes an upper connecting seat 1, a lower connecting seat 2, an ultrasonic vibration source 3, a punch 4, a die 5 and a pressure plate 6;

The ultrasonic vibration source 3 is installed on the upper connecting seat 1, the upper connecting seat 1 is vertically slidably installed on the lower connecting seat 2, the die 5 is installed on the lower connecting seat 2, and the binder plate 6 is connected with the die 5 and between them Used to place the blank plate to be formed, the punch 4 is driven by the punch machine, the punch 4 is slidably set in the inner hole of the pressing plate 6, and the lower surface of the punch 4 has an array of raised microstructures 4-1, The upper surface of the concave mold 5 is provided with an array of concave microstructures 5-1, and the convex microstructures 4-1 are matched with the concave microstructures 5-1.

By using the convex mold and the concave mold with the array microstructure, the array microstructure component with a larger area can be formed.

Referring to Fig. 1, in order to ensure the stable and reliable operation of the forming process, the upper connection base 1 includes an upper mold base 1-1, an upper support column 1-2, a fixed plate 1-3 and a guide column 1-4; the fixed plate 1-3 passes through the upper The support column 1-2 is connected with the upper mold base 1-1, the ultrasonic vibration source 3 and the guide column 1-4 are installed on the fixed plate 1-3, and the guide column 1-4 can slide up and down on the lower connecting seat 2. On the basis of the above, as another possible implementation, the lower connecting seat 2 includes a lower mold base 2-1, a backing plate 2-2, a lower supporting column 2-3 and a supporting plate 2-4; the backing plate 2-2 is installed on the lower On the mold base 2-1, the punch 4, the die 5, the binder plate 6 and the backing plate 2-2 are connected together, the backing plate 2-2 is processed with guide grooves, and the support plate 2-4 is processed with passing guides The guide hole of the column 1-4, the supporting plate 2-4 is connected with the backing plate 2-2 through the lower supporting column 2-3.

In order to ensure that the strength of the formed component meets the requirements, the material of the punch 4 and the die 5 is SKD11. SKD11 is a cold die steel with balanced strength, toughness and heat resistance. It has the characteristics of longer mold life, more stable performance, easy processing, and small heat treatment deformation. In order to ensure the stability of forming, the ultrasonic vibration working conditions are: the ultrasonic vibration frequency is 20-40KHz, and the amplitude is 1-10 microns.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention also provides a micro-bulging method assisted by ultrasonic vibration of a thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure member, which is realized in the following way:

1. Assembling the device, the convex mold 4 and the concave mold 5 are respectively processed into curved convex microstructures and concave microstructures, the concave mold 5 is installed on the lower mold base 2-1, and the blank plate 7 is placed on the concave mold 5 On the concave microstructure, the pressing plate 6 is installed on the die 5 and presses the blank plate 7, the punch 4 is placed in the inner hole of the pressing plate 6, and the ultrasonic vibration source 3 is installed on the upper connecting seat 1, the ultrasonic vibration punch 3-1 and the horn 3-2 pass through the center hole of the support plate 2-4, and then connect the upper connector 8 and the lower connector 9 to the fixed device;

2. The blank plate is slightly bulging, the upper connector 8 is connected to the testing machine, the upper connecting seat 1 is connected to the upper connector 8, and moves downward under the action of the testing machine. The direction of movement is guided by the guide column 1-4, and the ultrasonic The vibration source 3 is driven downward by the upper connector 8 through the upper die base 1-1, the upper support column 1-2 and the fixed plate 1-3, and the ultrasonic vibration source 3 is started, and the ultrasonic vibration punch 3-1 acts on the punch 4, moves downward with the movement of the punch 4, and the downward movement of the punch 4 acts on the blank plate 7. At the same time, the ultrasonic vibration source 3 provides ultrasonic vibration and acts on it through the horn 3-2 and the punch 4. On the blank plate 7, the ultrasonic vibration frequency is 20-40KHz, and the amplitude is 1-10 microns;

The convex microstructure and the concave microstructure array cooperate with each other, and the blank plate 7 produces bulging deformation under the joint action of the punch 4 and the concave mold 5 with the assistance of ultrasonic vibration. When the gap is the thickness of the blank plate 7, the testing machine stops the downward movement of the upper connecting seat 1, and returns after keeping the position for a certain period of time. After taking out the punch 4, the formed thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure array member can be taken out. In order to better guide the guide column 1-4, a support plate 2-4 is designed in the middle of the device, and a guide sleeve is installed on the support plate 2-4 at the corresponding position of the guide hole.

The method can form microstructure components with complex curved surfaces such as spherical caps and sinusoidal curves. The ultrasonic vibration source in the forming process satisfies: the ultrasonic vibration frequency is 30KHz, and the amplitude is 5 microns. The ultrasonic vibration source 3 is provided with vibration by piezoelectric ceramics. During the forming process, the time-force relationship exerted by the punch machine is sinusoidally distributed.

Embodiment, the convex microstructure 4-1 is a spherical cap structure, and the concave microstructure 5-1 is a spherical cap groove matching the spherical cap structure, which can be formed by ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging method of thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure members Thin-walled and complex curved microstructure components with a wall thickness of 30-100 μm. Taking spherical caps as an example, the spherical cap surface structure: spherical diameter 2.44mm, height 0.3mm, array width 30mm, length 50mm. This method is tested on a Sansi tensile testing machine, and the forming process parameters are: the maximum output force is 10kN, the output speed is 1-10mm/min; the ultrasonic vibration frequency is 20-40kHz, and the amplitude is 1-10μm. The vibration source adopts piezoelectric ceramics to provide vibration. The convex mold 4 and the concave mold 5 are processed by precision numerical control to produce a curved surface structure. The material of the convex mold 4 and the concave mold 5 is SKD11, which has more stable performance and small heat treatment deformation.

The present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any skilled person who is familiar with the profession, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, according to the technical essence of the present invention to the above implementation cases Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications still belong to the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A micro-bulging device assisted by ultrasonic vibration of a thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure member, characterized in that: it comprises an upper connection seat (1), a lower connection seat (2), an ultrasonic vibration source (3), a punch (4 ), die (5) and binder plate (6); The ultrasonic vibration source (3) is installed on the upper connecting seat (1), the upper connecting seat (1) is vertically slid and installed on the lower connecting seat (2), the die (5) is installed on the lower connecting seat (2), and the pressing The plate (6) is connected to the die (5) and the blank plate to be formed is placed between the two, the punch (4) is driven by the punch machine, and the punch (4) is slidably set on the pressure plate (6) In the inner hole of the punch (4), the lower surface of the convex mold (4) has an array of raised microstructures (4-1), the upper surface of the concave mold (5) has an array of concave microstructures (5-1), and the raised microstructures (4-1) is matched with the recessed microstructure (5-1). 2. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging device for thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure members according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper connecting seat (1) includes an upper mold base (1-1), an upper support column (1-2 ), fixed plate (1-3) and guide post (1-4); The fixed plate (1-3) is connected with the upper mold base (1-1) through the upper support column (1-2), and the ultrasonic vibration source (3) and the guide column (1-4) are installed on the fixed plate (1-3) On, the guide post (1-4) can slide up and down on the lower connecting seat (2). 3. According to claim 1 or 2, the ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging device for thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure members is characterized in that: the lower connecting seat (2) includes a lower mold base (2-1), a backing plate (2- 2), the lower support column (2-3) and the support plate (2-4); The backing plate (2-2) is installed on the lower mold base (2-1), the punch (4), the die (5), the binder plate (6) and the backing plate (2-2) are connected together, and the backing plate (2-2) upper processing guide groove, the support plate (2-4) is processed with the guide hole that passes guide column (1-4), and support plate (2-4) passes through lower support column (2-3) and Backing plate (2-2) connection. 4. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging device for thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure members according to claim 3, characterized in that: the material of the punch (4) and the die (5) is SKD11. 5. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging device for thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure members according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that: the ultrasonic vibration frequency is 20-40KHz, and the amplitude is 1-10 microns. 6. A micro-bulging method assisted by ultrasonic vibration of a thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure member, characterized in that: the method is implemented as follows: 1. Assembling the device, process the convex mold (4) and the concave mold (5) into curved convex microstructures and concave microstructures respectively, install the concave mold (5) on the lower mold base (2-1), and place the The blank plate (7) is placed on the concave microstructure of the die (5), the hold-down plate (6) is installed on the die (5) and presses the blank plate (7), and the punch (4) is placed Install the ultrasonic vibration source (3) on the upper connection seat (1) in the inner hole of the binder plate (6), and the ultrasonic vibration punch (3-1) and the horn (3-2) pass through the support center hole of the board (2-4), then connect the upper connector (8) and the lower connector (9) to the fixture; 2. The blank plate is slightly bulging. The upper connector (8) is connected to the testing machine, and the upper connecting seat (1) is connected to the upper connector (8). It moves downward under the action of the testing machine, and its movement direction is controlled by the guide column. (1-4) Guided, the ultrasonic vibration source (3) is driven downward by the upper connector (8) through the upper mold base (1-1), upper support column (1-2) and fixed plate (1-3) , start the ultrasonic vibration source (3), the ultrasonic vibration punch (3-1) acts on the punch (4), and moves downward with the movement of the punch (4), and the downward movement of the punch (4) acts on the On the blank plate (7), at the same time, the ultrasonic vibration source (3) provides ultrasonic vibration and acts on the blank plate (7) through the horn (3-2) and punch (4), and the ultrasonic vibration frequency is 20-40KHz , the amplitude is 1-10 microns; The convex microstructure and the concave microstructure array cooperate with each other, and the blank plate (7) produces bulging deformation under the joint action of the punch (4) and the concave mold (5) and the assistance of ultrasonic vibration. When the punch (4) ) down to the gap between the die (5) and the thickness of the blank plate (7), the testing machine stops the upper connecting seat (1) from moving downward, and keeps the position for a certain period of time before returning, and after taking out the punch (4) The formed thin-wall complex curved surface microstructure array component can be taken out. 7. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging method for thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure members according to claim 6, characterized in that: the ultrasonic vibration frequency is 22KHz, and the amplitude is 5 microns. 8. The ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-bulging method for thin-walled complex curved surface microstructure members according to claim 7, characterized in that: the ultrasonic vibration source (3) is provided with vibration by piezoelectric ceramics.