CN110787820A - Heteroatom nitrogen surface modification MoS2Preparation and application of nano material - Google Patents

Heteroatom nitrogen surface modification MoS2Preparation and application of nano material Download PDF

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CN110787820A
CN110787820A CN201910837039.1A CN201910837039A CN110787820A CN 110787820 A CN110787820 A CN 110787820A CN 201910837039 A CN201910837039 A CN 201910837039A CN 110787820 A CN110787820 A CN 110787820A
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water
mos
reaction kettle
carbon cloth
thiourea
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CN110787820B (en
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吴则星
宋敏
刘希恩
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Qingdao University of Science and Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/24Nitrogen compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/33Electric or magnetic properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01Products
    • C25B1/02Hydrogen or oxygen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/051Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
    • C25B11/073Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
    • C25B11/075Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of a single catalytic element or catalytic compound
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/86Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/88Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/8825Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/86Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/9091Unsupported catalytic particles; loose particulate catalytic materials, e.g. in fluidised state
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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Abstract

Heteroatom nitrogen surface modified MoS2The preparation and application of nanometer material, and belongs to the field of electrocatalytic material synthesizing technology. The prepared catalyst has excellent electrocatalytic oxygen evolution performance. The preparation process comprises the following steps: (1) carbon cloth (3 x 3cm) is respectively treated with ultrasonic treatment in acetone, ethanol and water for 10 minutes; (2) mixing ammonium molybdate and thiourea in water in proportion, reacting the mixture with clean carbon cloth in a reaction kettle at a high temperature, cooling to room temperature, washing the carbon cloth with ethanol and water in sequence, and drying; (3) MoS obtained in the step (2)2The nanosheet and ammonia water are placed in the reaction kettle to be highReacting at a certain temperature for a certain time to obtain heteroatom nitrogen modified MoS2And (3) nano materials. The catalyst obtained by the invention has excellent electro-catalytic performance, and the preparation process is simple, low in cost and suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Heteroatom nitrogen surface modification MoS2Preparation and application of nano material
Technical Field
The technical field of electrocatalytic material synthesis, in particular to heteroatom nitrogen surface modified MoS2Preparation and application of nanometer material.
Background
As an alternative to traditional fossil fuels, hydrogen energy is available due to its high energy density, zero pollutant emissions and abundant reservesAnd is receiving wide attention. Electrolysis of water provides an ideal production method for renewable pure hydrogen without the formation of by-products. The electrolyzed water consists of two half-reactions, namely cathodic hydrogen evolution and anodic oxygen evolution. The anodic oxygen evolution reaction is a four-electron-proton coupling reaction, and higher energy (higher overpotential) is needed, so that the oxygen evolution overpotential is far higher than the theoretical decomposition voltage (1.23V) of water. In order to reduce overpotential and promote reaction kinetics during electrolysis of water, a highly efficient electrocatalyst is essential. Noble metal materials such as platinum, iridium, ruthenium and the like, which are the most effective electrolytic water reaction catalysts so far, have high price and limited reserves, and seriously affect the wide application. Therefore, high activity, inexpensive and abundant non-noble metal electrocatalysts are of paramount importance for the wide application of electrocatalytic water splitting. The present research shows that the transition metal sulfide has excellent electrocatalytic performance, wherein MoS of a layered structure2Is a high-efficiency nano material for hydrogen evolution reaction. However, for the other half-reaction oxygen evolution reaction of the water splitting reaction, MoS2There is no catalytic effect. Therefore, for MoS2Modification to reduce the overpotential during oxygen evolution is critical for the water decomposition reaction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that a noble metal catalyst is expensive in price, small in reserve and difficult to widely apply, and a non-noble metal catalyst is high in overpotential and wastes energy, the invention provides heteroatom nitrogen surface modified MoS2The preparation and the application of the nano material solve the problem of the prior MoS2The catalyst preparation method is complex and has low oxygen evolution activity.
The method mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on carbon cloth (3 x 3cm) in acetone, ethanol and water for 10 minutes for later use;
(2) mixing ammonium molybdate and thiourea in water according to a ratio, wherein the molar ratio of the ammonium molybdate to the thiourea is 1:5, and stirring until the ammonium molybdate and the thiourea are completely dissolved to obtain a uniform solution;
(3) transferring the uniformly stirred solution into a reaction kettle with a stainless steel substrate, putting an ultrasonic carbon cloth into the reaction kettle, and putting the reaction kettle into the reaction kettleKeeping the temperature of 180 ℃ in a forced air drying oven for 12 hours; cooling to room temperature, taking out the carbon cloth, washing with ethanol and water in sequence, and drying to obtain MoS2A nano-platelet catalyst.
(4) The obtained MoS2Adding ammonia water with different volumes into a reaction kettle with a stainless steel substrate, and adding MoS2Above the ammonia, there is no contact with the ammonia. Putting the reaction kettle in a blast drying oven for high-temperature reaction, cooling to room temperature, taking out the carbon cloth, sequentially washing with ethanol and water, and drying to obtain the heteroatom nitrogen surface modified MoS2And (3) nano materials.
The molar ratio of the transition metal salt to the thiourea in the step (2) is 1: 5.
The volume of the ammonia water in the step (3) is 5mL, 10mL and 15 mL.
The high-temperature reaction temperature in the step (3) is 90 ℃, 150 ℃ and 180 ℃.
The high-temperature reaction time in the step (3) is 8 hours, 12 hours and 18 hours.
According to the method of the invention, a heteroatom nitrogen surface modified MoS is provided2The preparation method of the nano material applied to the electrocatalyst.
The electrocatalyst is used for catalyzing the oxygen evolution reaction of the fuel cell or the electrolytic cell.
In general, compared to the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention prepares hetero-atomic surface modified MoS by a simple hydrothermal method2The nano material catalyst improves the oxygen evolution catalytic performance, has mild reaction conditions, easy control, simple reaction process and low raw material price, and is suitable for large-scale production.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) schematic of example 1 of the invention, showing the MoS formed2Has a sheet-like structure.
FIG. 1b is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) schematic diagram of example 2 of the invention, which shows that ammonia water treatment has a great influence on the morphology.
FIG. 2a is a schematic contact angle diagram of example 1 of the present invention, showing the MoS formed2The hydrophilicity is poor.
Fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of the contact angle of example 2 of the present invention, which shows that the material treated with ammonia has excellent hydrophilicity.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the oxygen evolution performance of examples 1 and 2 of the present invention, and shows that the prepared material has excellent electrocatalytic oxygen evolution performance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
The first step is as follows: sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on carbon cloth (3 x 3cm) in acetone, ethanol and water for 10 minutes for later use;
the second step is that: mixing ammonium molybdate and thiourea in water according to a ratio, wherein the molar ratio of the ammonium molybdate to the thiourea is 1:5, and stirring until the ammonium molybdate and the thiourea are completely dissolved to obtain a uniform solution, wherein the volume of the water is 35 mL;
the third step: transferring the uniformly stirred solution to a reaction kettle with a stainless steel substrate, putting the reaction kettle into carbon cloth subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and putting the reaction kettle in an air-blowing drying oven to keep the temperature of 180 ℃ for 12 hours; cooling to room temperature, taking out the carbon cloth, washing with ethanol and water in sequence, and drying to obtain MoS2A nano-platelet catalyst.
Example 2
The first step is as follows: sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on carbon cloth (3 x 3cm) in acetone, ethanol and water for 10 minutes for later use;
the second step is that: mixing ammonium molybdate and thiourea in water according to a ratio, wherein the molar ratio of the ammonium molybdate to the thiourea is 1:5, and stirring until the ammonium molybdate and the thiourea are completely dissolved to obtain a uniform solution, wherein the volume of the water is 35 mL;
the third step: transferring the uniformly stirred solution to a reaction kettle with a stainless steel substrate, putting the reaction kettle into carbon cloth subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and putting the reaction kettle in an air-blowing drying oven to keep the temperature of 180 ℃ for 12 hours; cooling to room temperature, taking out the carbon cloth, washing with ethanol and water in sequence, and drying to obtain MoS2A nanosheet catalyst.
The fourth step: 10mL of ammonia water is put into a reaction kettle, and MoS is put into the reaction kettle2The nano-sheet is arranged above the ammonia water and is not connected with the ammonia waterAnd (3) keeping the reaction kettle in a forced air drying oven at 150 ℃ for 12 hours, cooling to room temperature, taking out the carbon cloth, sequentially washing with ethanol and water, and drying to obtain the heteroatom nitrogen surface modified MoS2A nanomaterial catalyst.
Example 3
The first step is as follows: sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on carbon cloth (3 x 3cm) in acetone, ethanol and water for 10 minutes for later use;
the second step is that: mixing ammonium molybdate and thiourea in water according to a ratio, wherein the molar ratio of the ammonium molybdate to the thiourea is 1:5, and stirring until the ammonium molybdate and the thiourea are completely dissolved to obtain a uniform solution, wherein the volume of the water is 35 mL;
the third step: transferring the uniformly stirred solution to a reaction kettle with a stainless steel substrate, putting the reaction kettle into carbon cloth subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and putting the reaction kettle in an air-blowing drying oven to keep the temperature of 180 ℃ for 12 hours; cooling to room temperature, taking out the carbon cloth, washing with ethanol and water in sequence, and drying to obtain MoS2A nanosheet catalyst.
The fourth step: 5mL of ammonia water is placed in a reaction kettle, and MoS is added2Placing the nanosheet above ammonia water without contacting with the ammonia water, placing the reaction kettle in a forced air drying oven at 150 ℃ for 8 hours, cooling to room temperature, taking out the carbon cloth, sequentially washing with ethanol and water, and drying to obtain the heteroatom nitrogen surface modified MoS2A nanomaterial catalyst.
Example 4
The first step is as follows: sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on carbon cloth (3 x 3cm) in acetone, ethanol and water for 10 minutes for later use;
the second step is that: mixing ammonium molybdate and thiourea in water according to a ratio, wherein the molar ratio of the ammonium molybdate to the thiourea is 1:5, and stirring until the ammonium molybdate and the thiourea are completely dissolved to obtain a uniform solution, wherein the volume of the water is 35 mL;
the third step: transferring the uniformly stirred solution to a reaction kettle with a stainless steel substrate, putting the reaction kettle into carbon cloth subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and putting the reaction kettle in an air-blowing drying oven to keep the temperature of 180 ℃ for 12 hours; cooling to room temperature, taking out the carbon cloth, washing with ethanol and water in sequence, and drying to obtain MoS2A nanosheet catalyst.
The fourth step: 10mL of ammonia water is placed in a reactionReaction in a kettle, adding MoS2Placing the nanosheet above ammonia water without contacting with the ammonia water, placing the reaction kettle in a forced air drying oven, keeping the temperature at 180 ℃ for 18 hours, cooling to room temperature, taking out the carbon cloth, sequentially washing with ethanol and water, and drying to obtain the heteroatom nitrogen surface modified MoS2A nanomaterial catalyst.
Example 5
The first step is as follows: sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on carbon cloth (3 x 3cm) in acetone, ethanol and water for 10 minutes for later use;
the second step is that: mixing ammonium molybdate and thiourea in water according to a ratio, wherein the molar ratio of the ammonium molybdate to the thiourea is 1:5, and stirring until the ammonium molybdate and the thiourea are completely dissolved to obtain a uniform solution, wherein the volume of the water is 35 mL;
the third step: transferring the uniformly stirred solution to a reaction kettle with a stainless steel substrate, putting the reaction kettle into carbon cloth subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and putting the reaction kettle in an air-blowing drying oven to keep the temperature of 180 ℃ for 12 hours; cooling to room temperature, taking out the carbon cloth, washing with ethanol and water in sequence, and drying to obtain MoS2A nanosheet catalyst.
The fourth step: 15mL of ammonia water is put into a reaction kettle, and MoS is put into the reaction kettle2Placing the nanosheet above ammonia water without contacting with the ammonia water, placing the reaction kettle in a forced air drying oven, keeping the temperature at 90 ℃ for 12 hours, cooling to room temperature, taking out the carbon cloth, sequentially washing with ethanol and water, and drying to obtain the heteroatom nitrogen surface modified MoS2A nanomaterial catalyst.
Example 6
The product prepared in the example was tested for oxygen evolution performance, the prepared carbon cloth was fixed on an electrode holder as a working electrode, and then the oxygen evolution performance was tested on an electrochemical workstation using a three-electrode method (reversible hydrogen as a reference electrode, carbon rod as an auxiliary electrode).

Claims (5)

1. Heteroatom nitrogen surface modification MoS2The preparation and application of the nano material comprise the following steps:
(1) sequentially carrying out ultrasonic treatment on carbon cloth (3 x 3cm) in acetone, ethanol and water for 10 minutes for later use;
(2) mixing ammonium molybdate and thiourea in water according to a ratio, wherein the molar ratio of the ammonium molybdate to the thiourea is 1:5, and stirring until the ammonium molybdate and the thiourea are completely dissolved to obtain a uniform solution;
(3) transferring the uniformly stirred solution to a reaction kettle with a stainless steel substrate, putting the reaction kettle into carbon cloth subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and putting the reaction kettle in an air-blowing drying oven to keep the temperature of 180 ℃ for 12 hours; cooling to room temperature, taking out the carbon cloth, washing with ethanol and water in sequence, and drying to obtain MoS2Nanosheets;
(4) the obtained MoS2Adding nanosheets and ammonia water with different volumes into a reaction kettle with a stainless steel substrate, and adding MoS2The nanosheet is above the ammonia and is not in contact with the ammonia. Putting the reaction kettle in a blast drying oven for high-temperature reaction, cooling to room temperature, taking out the carbon cloth, sequentially washing with ethanol and water, and drying to obtain the heteroatom nitrogen surface modified MoS2And (3) nano materials.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the transition metal salt to thiourea is 1: 5.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ammonia water used in step (4) has a volume of 5mL, 10mL, or 15 mL.
4. The application of the material as claimed in claim 1 to electrocatalyst, characterized in that the high temperature reaction temperature in step (4) is 90 ℃, 150 ℃, 180 ℃.
5. The application of the material as claimed in claim 1 to an electrocatalyst, wherein the high temperature reaction time in step (4) is 8 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111185201A (en) * 2020-02-25 2020-05-22 辽宁大学 Rhenium-doped molybdenum sulfide nanosheet/carbon cloth composite material, preparation method thereof and application thereof in hydrogen production by electrocatalysis of water
CN113793763A (en) * 2021-09-17 2021-12-14 安徽工业技术创新研究院六安院 MOS for all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor2Preparation method of-RCC composite electrode

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CN104028293A (en) * 2014-06-24 2014-09-10 常州大学 Method for preparing low-temperature nitrogen-doped graphene supported nano Pd hydrogenation catalyst
KR101623736B1 (en) * 2015-05-29 2016-05-24 이화여자대학교 산학협력단 Molybdenum disulphide nanosheet and preparing method of the same
CN107442138A (en) * 2017-06-15 2017-12-08 江苏大学 A kind of preparation method of the compound Electrocatalytic Activity for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction material of molybdenum disulfide/carbon cloth
CN108425128A (en) * 2018-03-12 2018-08-21 华南理工大学 A kind of porous amino functional graphene catalysis material and preparation and application
CN110075872A (en) * 2019-04-28 2019-08-02 湖南大学 Utilize electrochemical activation molybdenum disulfide/carbon composite electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution method
CN110155998A (en) * 2019-05-13 2019-08-23 东南大学 A kind of ribbon nitrogen-doped graphene and its preparation method and application

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104028293A (en) * 2014-06-24 2014-09-10 常州大学 Method for preparing low-temperature nitrogen-doped graphene supported nano Pd hydrogenation catalyst
KR101623736B1 (en) * 2015-05-29 2016-05-24 이화여자대학교 산학협력단 Molybdenum disulphide nanosheet and preparing method of the same
CN107442138A (en) * 2017-06-15 2017-12-08 江苏大学 A kind of preparation method of the compound Electrocatalytic Activity for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction material of molybdenum disulfide/carbon cloth
CN108425128A (en) * 2018-03-12 2018-08-21 华南理工大学 A kind of porous amino functional graphene catalysis material and preparation and application
CN110075872A (en) * 2019-04-28 2019-08-02 湖南大学 Utilize electrochemical activation molybdenum disulfide/carbon composite electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution method
CN110155998A (en) * 2019-05-13 2019-08-23 东南大学 A kind of ribbon nitrogen-doped graphene and its preparation method and application

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111185201A (en) * 2020-02-25 2020-05-22 辽宁大学 Rhenium-doped molybdenum sulfide nanosheet/carbon cloth composite material, preparation method thereof and application thereof in hydrogen production by electrocatalysis of water
CN111185201B (en) * 2020-02-25 2022-07-19 辽宁大学 Rhenium-doped molybdenum sulfide nanosheet/carbon cloth composite material, preparation method thereof and application thereof in hydrogen production by electrocatalysis of water
CN113793763A (en) * 2021-09-17 2021-12-14 安徽工业技术创新研究院六安院 MOS for all-solid-state flexible supercapacitor2Preparation method of-RCC composite electrode

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