CN110773737B

CN110773737B - Selective laser melting prevents warp deformation's 3D printer

Info

Publication number: CN110773737B
Application number: CN201911110594.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙丽; 朱芽娣; 胡巧娣
Original assignee: Anhui Huizheng Electronic Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Huizheng Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-11-14
Filing date: 2019-11-14
Publication date: 2021-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-14
Also published as: CN110773737A

Abstract

The invention discloses a selective laser melting anti-warping deformation 3D printer, which structurally comprises a material box, an anti-warping printing host, a door handle and an opening and closing door, wherein the material box is fixedly arranged at the top end of the anti-warping printing host, the door handle is fixedly arranged on the opening and closing door, the opening and closing door is arranged on the front surface of the anti-warping printing host, the anti-warping printing host comprises a printing host shell, a driving assembly and a printing spray head, the balling processor and the printing spray head are driven to synchronously operate through the driving assembly, a coolant is sprayed to a metal material by reducing the balling processing spray head on the balling processor in the printing process of the printing spray head, and the wetting and temperature reduction can be realized in the printing process, so that the balling can be reduced, and the processing can be smoothly carried out; and the existence time of a molten pool is prolonged through the printing anti-warping bottom plate at the bottom, and the temperature gradient is reduced through slow heating, so that the warping deformation and the crack of the workpiece are avoided.

Description

Selective laser melting prevents warp deformation's 3D printer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of 3D printers, in particular to a 3D printer capable of preventing warping and warping.

Background

The 3D printing technology is different from the traditional printer, the current 3D printing technology has multiple types such as SLS (selective laser sintering), SLM (selective laser melting), SLA (ultraviolet stereolithography) and FDM (fused deposition modeling), the SLM (selective laser melting) technology brings a revolution to the manufacture of complex metal parts, but the current SLM (selective laser melting) 3D printer has the following problems:

in the SLM (selective laser melting) rapid forming process, because the surface tension of molten metal is very high, a spheroidizing effect is easily generated in the printing process, and the spheroidizing effect increases the internal cavities of a workpiece to influence the processing; and the metal powder is fast to melt, the existing time of a molten pool is short, and a large temperature gradient exists during fast solidification and molding, so that the warping deformation and the cracks of a workpiece are easily caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the technical purpose is as follows: the 3D printer capable of selectively melting laser and preventing warping deformation structurally comprises a material box, a warping-prevention printing host, a door handle and an opening and closing door, wherein the material box is fixedly installed at the top end of the warping-prevention printing host, the door handle is fixedly installed on the opening and closing door, the opening and closing door is installed on the front surface of the warping-prevention printing host, the warping-prevention printing host comprises a printing host shell, a driving assembly, a printing sprayer, a reduction spheroidizing processor and a printing warping-prevention bottom plate, a driving assembly is arranged inside the printing host shell, the printing sprayer is installed on the driving assembly and adopts clearance fit, the printing sprayer is located above the reduction spheroidizing processor, the reduction spheroidizing processor is installed on the driving assembly and adopts clearance fit, the reduction spheroidizing processor is located right above the printing warping-prevention bottom plate and is parallel to each other, the printing warping-prevention bottom plate is installed on the driving assembly and adopts clearance fit, print anti-warping bottom plate and locate and print the shower nozzle below, drive assembly can drive and print the shower nozzle and carry out all-round operation about from top to bottom, ensures to print the shower nozzle and can carry out the omnidirectional and print.

Further, reduce balling treater and include shielding plate, inside slide rail, slip tractor, balling treatment shower nozzle, the inside slide rail that is equipped with of shielding plate, the slip tractor head end is installed on inside slide rail and adopts clearance fit, the terminal fixed mounting of slip tractor has the balling treatment shower nozzle, and inside slide rail is back font frame construction and with the shielding plate phase-match, can be so that the slip tractor freely removes inside the shielding plate, and the slip tractor is equipped with four altogether and all is equipped with the balling treatment shower nozzle on every, and the slip tractor removes and has driven the balling treatment shower nozzle and remove, follows and print the shower nozzle and carry out work, can ensure through four balling treatment shower nozzles to carry out omnidirectional work around printing the shower nozzle.

Further, the balling nozzle includes seal housing, compression soft board, spray line, the inside compression soft board that is equipped with of seal housing, compression soft board and spray line fixed connection, the spray line is installed inside seal housing through the embedding mode, and the compression soft board is fold shape structure to inside is equipped with the coolant, and the coolant is one of them kind such as light water, heavy water, carbon dioxide, helium, extrudes the coolant through the compression soft board, and the spray line presents the little structure of wide export of import, can be better spray the coolant on the metal printing material, moist and reduce the material temperature after printing, reduce the emergence of balling phenomenon, thereby make going on smoothly of processing.

Further, printing warp-proof bottom plate places bottom plate, molten bath lengthener including printing, printing is placed the inside molten bath lengthener that is equipped with of bottom plate.

Furthermore, the molten pool grower comprises a hot air chamber, a conduction groove and a molten pool heating plate, wherein the hot air chamber is fixedly connected with the conduction groove, and the conduction groove is connected with the molten pool heating plate.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the driving assembly drives the printing nozzle to print, the spheroidizing processor and the printing nozzle are driven to synchronously run through the driving assembly, and in the process of printing by the printing nozzle, a coolant is sprayed on the metal material by reducing the spheroidizing nozzle on the spheroidizing processor, so that the spheroidizing is kept moist and the temperature is reduced in the printing process, and the spheroidizing can be reduced, so that the processing is smoothly carried out; and the existence time of a molten pool is prolonged through the printing anti-warping bottom plate at the bottom, and the temperature gradient is reduced through slow heating, so that the warping deformation and the crack of the workpiece are avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a selective laser melting anti-buckling deformation 3D printer according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of an anti-warping printing host of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of an anti-warping printing host according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a top cross-sectional view of a downballing processor of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a top-down operating state of a spheroidizing processor according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a spheroidizing nozzle according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a top sectional view of a printed warp-resistant substrate of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partial sectional elevation view of a bath extender of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a partial perspective view of a bath extender of the present invention.

In the figure: the device comprises a material box-1, an anti-warping printing host machine-2, a door handle-3, an opening and closing door-4, a printing host machine shell-21, a driving assembly-22, a printing spray head-23, a reducing spheroidizing processor-24, a printing anti-warping bottom plate-25, a shielding plate-241, an internal sliding rail-242, a sliding tractor-243, a spheroidizing spray head-244, a sealing shell-2441, a compression soft plate-2442, a spray pipe-2443, a printing placing bottom plate-251, a molten pool extender-252, a hot air chamber-2521, a conduction groove-2522 and a molten pool heating plate-2523.

Detailed Description

Examples

Referring to fig. 1-9, the 3D printer for selective laser melting warpage prevention according to the present invention comprises a material box 1, an warpage prevention printing host 2, a door handle 3, and an opening/closing door 4, wherein the material box 1 is fixedly installed at a top end of the warpage prevention printing host 2, the door handle 3 is fixedly installed on the opening/closing door 4, the opening/closing door 4 is installed on a front surface of the warpage prevention printing host 2, the warpage prevention printing host 2 includes a printing host housing 21, a driving assembly 22, a printing nozzle 23, a reducing spheroidizing processor 24, and a printing warpage prevention bottom plate 25, the printing host housing 21 is internally provided with the driving assembly 22, the driving assembly 22 is provided with the printing nozzle 23 and is in clearance fit, the printing nozzle 23 is located above the reducing spheroidizing processor 24, the reducing spheroidizing processor 24 is installed on the driving assembly 22 and is in clearance fit, reduce balling processor 24 and be located and print and prevent warping the bottom plate 25 directly over and parallel to each other, print and prevent warping bottom plate 25 and install on drive assembly 22 and adopt clearance fit, print and prevent warping bottom plate 25 and locate and print shower nozzle 23 below, drive assembly 22 can drive and print shower nozzle 23 and carry out all-round operation about from top to bottom, ensure to print shower nozzle 23 and can carry out the omnidirectional and print.

Reduce balling treater 24 and include shielding plate 241, inside slide rail 242, slip tractor 243, balling shower nozzle 244, the inside slide rail 242 that is equipped with of shielding plate 241, slip tractor 243 head end is installed on inside slide rail 242 and adopts clearance fit, the terminal fixed mounting of slip tractor 243 has balling shower nozzle 244, inside slide rail 242 is back font frame construction and with shielding plate 241 phase-match, can make slip tractor 243 freely remove inside shielding plate 241, slip tractor 243 is equipped with four altogether and all is equipped with balling shower nozzle 244 on every, slip tractor 243 removes and has driven balling shower nozzle 244 and remove, follows and print shower nozzle 23 and carry out work, through four balling shower nozzles 244, can ensure to carry out omnidirectional work around printing shower nozzle 23.

The spheroidizing nozzle 244 comprises a sealing shell 2441, a compression soft plate 2442 and a spray pipe 2443, wherein the compression soft plate 2442 is arranged inside the sealing shell 2441, the compression soft plate 2442 is fixedly connected with the spray pipe 2443, the spray pipe 2443 is installed inside the sealing shell 2441 in an embedding mode, the compression soft plate 2442 is of a fold structure, a coolant is arranged inside the compression soft plate 2442, the coolant is one of light water, heavy water, carbon dioxide, helium and the like, the coolant is extruded out through the compression soft plate 2442, the spray pipe 2443 is of a structure with a wide inlet and a small outlet, the coolant can be better sprayed on a metal printing material, the temperature of the printed material is wetted and reduced, and the occurrence of spheroidizing phenomenon is reduced, so that the processing is smoothly carried out.

The printing anti-warping bottom plate 25 comprises a printing placing bottom plate 251 and a molten pool extender 252, wherein the molten pool extender 252 is arranged inside the printing placing bottom plate 251.

The bath grower 252 includes a hot gas chamber 2521, a conductive bath 2522, and a bath heating plate 2523, wherein the hot gas chamber 2521 is fixedly connected to the conductive bath 2522, and the conductive bath 2522 is connected to the bath heating plate 2523.

Referring to fig. 7, seven molten pool extenders 252 are provided and are distributed in the printing placement base plate 251, the molten pool extenders 252 have a frame structure in a shape of a Chinese character 'hui', and the seven molten pool extenders 252 are gradually reduced to be covered in the printing placement base plate 251 in all directions, so that all-directional operation can be ensured.

Referring to fig. 8, the hot air chamber 2521 has a cylindrical structure and conducts heat through the conduction grooves 2522, and the bath heating plates 2523 have two and trapezoidal structures, are disposed at both sides of the outside of the conduction grooves 2522, and are closely attached to the outside surfaces of the conduction grooves 2522, thereby improving the working efficiency.

Referring to the figure, the conducting groove 2522 is of a V-shaped structure, and is uniformly provided with a plurality of fine balls inside, and heat is slowly conducted through the fine balls, so that the temperature gradient of a printed product is reduced, and the warping deformation and the cracks of the product are avoided.

The invention has the following use modes and functions: the driving assembly 22 can drive the printing nozzle 23 to operate in an up-down and left-right all-around mode, 3D printing is carried out, the printing nozzle 23 works, the driving assembly 22 simultaneously drives the spheroidizing processor 24 to operate synchronously, at the moment, the shielding plate 241 moves, the sliding tractor 243 slides on the inner sliding rail 242 and drives the spheroidizing nozzle 244 to move, the four sliding tractors 243 operate simultaneously to drive the four spheroidizing nozzles 244 to operate around the printing nozzle 23, the compressed soft plate 2442 extrudes the coolant inside, and the spraying pipe 2443 sprays the coolant, so that the printed workpiece is wetted and the temperature is reduced, the spheroidizing phenomenon of the printed workpiece is reduced, and processing is smoothly carried out; during printing, the printed workpiece is printed on the printing warp-proof bottom plate 25, the molten pool extender 252 works, hot air is conducted to the conduction groove 2522 through the hot air chamber 2521 on the molten pool extender 252, heating is conducted through the molten pool heating plate 2523, the conduction groove 2522 is slowly heated at the bottom end of the printed workpiece at the moment, the hot air is conducted upwards from the bottom end, the temperature gradient of the printed workpiece is reduced, and therefore the warp deformation and cracks of the printed workpiece are avoided.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a selective laser melting prevents 3D printer of warp deformation, its structure includes material case (1), prevents warping and prints host computer (2), door handle (3), switching door (4), material case (1) fixed mounting is on preventing warping and prints the top of host computer (2), door handle (3) fixed mounting is on switching door (4), its characterized in that:

the opening and closing door (4) is arranged on the front surface of the anti-warping printing host (2);

the warping-preventing printing host (2) comprises a printing host shell (21), a driving assembly (22), a printing nozzle (23), a reducing spheroidizing processor (24) and a printing warping-preventing bottom plate (25);

the printing host shell (21) is internally provided with a driving assembly (22), the driving assembly (22) is provided with a printing spray head (23) and adopts clearance fit, the printing spray head (23) is positioned above a reducing spheroidizing processor (24), the reducing spheroidizing processor (24) is arranged on the driving assembly (22) and adopts clearance fit, the reducing spheroidizing processor (24) is positioned right above a printing warping-proof bottom plate (25) and is parallel to the printing warping-proof bottom plate, the printing warping-proof bottom plate (25) is arranged on the driving assembly (22) and adopts clearance fit, and the printing warping-proof bottom plate (25) is arranged below the printing spray head (23); the spheroidizing device comprises a reducing spheroidizing processor (24) and a spheroidizing device, wherein the reducing spheroidizing processor (24) comprises a shielding plate (241), an internal sliding rail (242), a sliding tractor (243) and a spheroidizing nozzle (244), the internal sliding rail (242) is arranged in the shielding plate (241), the head end of the sliding tractor (243) is installed on the internal sliding rail (242) and is in clearance fit, and the spheroidizing nozzle (244) is fixedly installed at the tail end of the sliding tractor (243); the spheroidizing nozzle (244) comprises a sealed shell (2441), a compression soft plate (2442) and a spray pipe (2443), wherein the compression soft plate (2442) is arranged inside the sealed shell (2441), the compression soft plate (2442) is fixedly connected with the spray pipe (2443), and the spray pipe (2443) is installed inside the sealed shell (2441) in an embedded mode; the printing warping-proof bottom plate (25) comprises a printing placing bottom plate (251) and a molten pool extender (252), wherein the molten pool extender (252) is arranged in the printing placing bottom plate (251); the molten pool grower (252) comprises a hot gas chamber (2521), a conduction groove (2522) and a molten pool heating plate (2523), wherein the hot gas chamber (2521) is fixedly connected with the conduction groove (2522), and the conduction groove (2522) is connected with the molten pool heating plate (2523).