CN110771637A

CN110771637A - Preparation method of pesticide for preventing and treating pea aphids

Info

Publication number: CN110771637A
Application number: CN201911106538.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李春杰; 马亚玲
Original assignee: Lanzhou University
Current assignee: Lanzhou University
Priority date: 2019-11-13
Filing date: 2019-11-13
Publication date: 2020-02-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a medicament for preventing and treating pea aphids, which comprises the steps of taking the overground part of buddleia, drying in the shade, cutting short, crushing, adding a sample into distilled water for soaking, and squeezing to obtain a leaching solution. The effective mortality of the pesticide on red type green pea aphids can reach 24.24% in the first day and 100% in the seventh day; the effective mortality of the green pea aphids can reach 25.23 percent in the first day and 97.17 percent in the seventh day; the average aphid yield red and green two-color type treatment group is obviously lower than that of the control group, the harm of pea aphid population propagation can be effectively inhibited, and the preparation method is simple and convenient, low in cost, short in required time, good in insecticidal effect, convenient to operate and strong in practicability.

Description

Preparation method of pesticide for preventing and treating pea aphids

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and relates to a preparation method of a pesticide for preventing and treating pea aphids.

Background

The buddleia is a perennial herb of splendid achnatherum of gramineae, is mainly distributed in natural grassland and Mongolia in northern and northwest China, is one of main virulent grass in the natural grassland in northern China, and is responsible for toxicity of livestock due to symbiosis with endophytic fungi in Gansu. The buddleia is a perennial plant with sparse fibrous roots, the plant height is 60-70 cm, the stem is solid and is divided into three sections, the longer the internode is, the higher the plant is, the stem is slightly thin from the second section, the stem base is provided with villi, the leaf tongue is small and annular, the leaf sheath is loosened and wrapped in the middle of the internode, the panicle-shaped inflorescence is, the panicle is upright, the inflorescence is not dense, the panicle length is 12-20 cm, the internode of the spikelet is l-2.5 cm, the membranous is transparent, the inner layer and the outer layer of the transparent seed solid are about l0 mm, the lower part is slightly twisted, the seed is coiled in a chain shape when the seed is formed, and. The buddleia is a grassland poison grass with great toxicity, and is toxic and cannot be eaten by local livestock and gradually spreads due to strong stress resistance. In the western main pasturing areas of China, the buddleia graminis seriously reduces the productivity of grasslands, and the direct economic loss caused by the reduction of the grass production amount of the grasslands per year is more than 1 hundred million yuan, which becomes the main limiting factor for the healthy development of the grassland animal husbandry.

The aphids are commonly called greasy insects or honey worms, belong to Insecta, Thymorocoracoida, including Myzus globulus and Myzus persicae, and are mainly distributed in northern hemisphere temperate regions and subtropical regions, and the distribution of the tropical regions is very small. Up to now, more than 500 aphid insects have been recorded in the world and belong to more than 4700 species, and Chinese aphids have been recorded that the aphid insects 268 belong to l099 species. The pea aphids can transmit various plant viruses, and harmful plants include pea, broad bean, alfalfa and the like, lathyris and herb meliloti, but also leguminous woody plants and shepherdspurse in summer, so that the agricultural production is seriously lost. The pea aphids are also called bean non-net long tube aphids, mainly harm leguminous crops and pasture, mainly carry out parthenogenesis, are called the most destructive pests on the earth because of short development period and large breeding quantity, and mainly comprise red and green two color types. The host range is very wide, the damage to most leguminous crops and pasture is great, and the leguminous crops and pasture mainly comprise soybeans, peas, broad beans, alfalfa, clovers and the like.

The existing chemical pesticide is easy to generate drug residue and has the defects of drug resistance to pests and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a preparation method of a pesticide for preventing and treating pea aphids. The plant is used as a green pesticide, the effective mortality of the obtained pesticide to red type green pea aphids can reach 24.24 percent in the first day and 100 percent in the seventh day; the effective mortality of the green pea aphids can reach 25.23 percent in the first day and 97.17 percent in the seventh day; the average aphid yield red and green color type treatment groups are obviously lower than the control group, the diffusion of the pea aphid population can be effectively inhibited, and the ecological environment-friendly residue-free insecticidal effect can be achieved by continuous use.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

a preparation method of a medicament for preventing and treating pea aphids comprises the following steps:

step 1, taking the overground part of the buddleia, drying in the shade, cutting short, crushing, adding distilled water which is 3-5 times of the weight of the particles, uniformly stirring, placing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃, and refrigerating;

step 2, stirring once every 10-12 hours for later use after 40-48 hours;

and 3, uniformly stirring the sample, putting the sample into a juicer, uniformly mixing the liquid, and fully squeezing the liquid by using the juicer to obtain the buddleia water extract.

Further, in step 1, the pellets were added to 4 times the weight of distilled water.

Further, the particle size in step 1 is about 40 mesh.

Further, the ratio of the particles to distilled water in step 1 must be 1: 4.

Further, in step 2, the mixture was stirred every 12 hours to sufficiently mix the mixture.

Further, in the step 3, the liquid is sufficiently squeezed out by a juicer and then is uniformly mixed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the effective mortality of the pesticide on the red type green pea aphids can reach 24.24% in the first day and 100% in the seventh day; the effective mortality of the green pea aphids can reach 25.23 percent in the first day and 97.17 percent in the seventh day; the average aphid yield red and green color type treatment groups are obviously lower than the control group, the diffusion of the pea aphid population can be effectively inhibited, and the ecological environment-friendly residue-free insecticidal effect can be achieved by continuous use.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.

Example 1

step 1, taking the overground part of the buddleia, drying in the shade, cutting short, crushing, adding distilled water which is 3 times of the weight of the particles, uniformly stirring, placing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃, and refrigerating;

step 2, stirring once every 10 hours for later use after 40 hours;

In step 1, the pellets were added to 4 times the weight of distilled water.

The particle size in step 1 is about 40 meshes.

The ratio of particles to distilled water in step 1 must be 1: 4.

And 3, fully squeezing out the liquid by using a juicer, and then uniformly mixing.

Example 2

step 1, taking the overground part of the buddleia, drying in the shade, cutting short, crushing, adding distilled water with the weight 4 times of that of the particles, uniformly stirring, placing in a refrigerator with the temperature of 4 ℃, and refrigerating;

step 2, stirring once every 12 hours for standby after 48 hours;

and 3, uniformly stirring the sample, putting the sample into a juicer, fully squeezing out the liquid by using the juicer, and uniformly mixing the liquid to obtain the buddleia water extract.

Example 3

step 1, taking the overground part of the buddleia, drying in the shade, cutting short, crushing, adding distilled water which is 5 times of the weight of the particles, uniformly stirring, placing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃, and refrigerating;

step 2, stirring once every 12 hours for standby after 48 hours;

In step 1, the pellets were added to 4 times the weight of distilled water.

The particle size in step 1 is about 40 meshes.

The ratio of particles to distilled water in step 1 must be 1: 4.

Example 4

The toxicity measurement is carried out by a leaf soaking method and an insect soaking method, namely, feeding fresh broad bean leaves into a culture dish containing a buddleia water solution for 20s, taking out the broad bean leaves, sucking the surface water of the broad bean leaves by using water absorption filter paper, putting the pea aphids into the buddleia water solution for 10s, immediately taking out the pea aphids, and sucking the water on the body surface of the pea aphids by using the water absorption filter paper. The virulence determination test was repeated 3 times, with 60 test worms per group treated against distilled water. Taking 4-year-old pea aphids as test insects, observing and recording the number of dead pea aphids soaked in the buddleia extract, observing and recording the number of produced young pea aphids until all adults die, determining death, slightly touching the adult pea aphids with a writing brush, and recording that the adult pea aphids die without movement. The results are shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1

As can be seen from the table 1, the effective mortality of the pesticide of the invention to red type green pea aphids can reach 24.24% in the first day and 100% in the seventh day; the effective mortality of the green pea aphids can reach 25.23 percent in the first day and 97.17 percent in the seventh day; the average aphid yield red and green color type treatment groups are obviously lower than the control group, thus effectively inhibiting the diffusion of the pea aphid population, and achieving the ecological environment-friendly residue-free insecticidal effect after continuous use.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The preparation method of the agent for preventing and treating the pea aphids is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 2, stirring once every 10-12 hours for later use after 40-48 hours;

2. The method for preparing a pesticide for controlling pea aphids as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1, the granules are added to 4 times of distilled water by weight.

3. The method for preparing the agent for controlling the aphid on the pea according to claim 1, wherein the particle size in step 1 is 40 mesh.

4. The method for preparing the agent for controlling the aphid on the pea according to claim 1, wherein the stirring is performed every 12 hours in the step 2.